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61 свободная проходимость дыхательных путей
Medicine: adequate airway, patent airway, unobstructed airflowУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > свободная проходимость дыхательных путей
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62 сужениe открытого овального окна
Medicine: restrictive patent foramen ovaleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > сужениe открытого овального окна
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63 патентовані ліки
patent ( proprietary) medicine, nonprescription drug, over-the-counter drug, proprietary drug -
64 патентованный
патенто́ванныйо́ванное сре́дство — over-the-counter medicine
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65 Poulsen, Valdemar
[br]b. 23 November 1869 Copenhagen, Denmarkd. 23 July 1942 Gentofte, Denmark[br]Danish engineer who developed practical magnetic recording and the arc generator for continuous radio waves.[br]From an early age he was absorbed by phenomena of physics to the exclusion of all other subjects, including mathematics. When choosing his subjects for the final three years in Borgedydskolen in Christianshavn (Copenhagen) before university, he opted for languages and history. At the University of Copenhagen he embarked on the study of medicine in 1889, but broke it off and was apprenticed to the machine firm of A/S Frichs Eftf. in Aarhus. He was employed between 1893 and 1899 as a mechanic and assistant in the laboratory of the Copenhagen Telephone Company KTAS. Eventually he advanced to be Head of the line fault department. This suited his desire for experiment and measurement perfectly. After the invention of the telegraphone in 1898, he left the laboratory and with responsible business people he created Aktieselskabet Telegrafonen, Patent Poulsen in order to develop it further, together with Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874– 1941). Pedersen brought with him the mathematical background which eventually led to his professorship in electronic engineering in 1922.The telegraphone was the basis for multinational industrial endeavours after it was demonstrated at the 1900 World's Exhibition in Paris. It must be said that its strength was also its weakness, because the telegraphone was unique in bringing sound recording and reproduction to the telephone field, but the lack of electronic amplifiers delayed its use outside this and the dictation fields (where headphones could be used) until the 1920s. However, commercial interest was great enough to provoke a number of court cases concerning patent infringement, in which Poulsen frequently figured as a witness.In 1903–4 Poulsen and Pedersen developed the arc generator for continuous radio waves which was used worldwide for radio transmitters in competition with Marconi's spark-generating system. The inspiration for this work came from the research by William Duddell on the musical arc. Whereas Duddell had proposed the use of the oscillations generated in his electric arc for telegraphy in his 1901 UK patent, Poulsen contributed a chamber of hydrogen and a transverse magnetic field which increased the efficiency remarkably. He filed patent applications on these constructions from 1902 and the first publication in a scientific forum took place at the International Electrical Congress in St Louis, Missouri, in 1904.In order to use continuous waves efficiently (the high frequency constituted a carrier), Poulsen developed both a modulator for telegraphy and a detector for the carrier wave. The modulator was such that even the more primitive spark-communication receivers could be used. Later Poulsen and Pedersen developed frequency-shift keying.The Amalgamated Radio-Telegraph Company Ltd was launched in London in 1906, combining the developments of Poulsen and those of De Forest Wireless Telegraph Syndicate. Poulsen contributed his English and American patents. When this company was liquidated in 1908, its assets were taken over by Det Kontinentale Syndikat for Poulsen Radio Telegrafi, A/S in Copenhagen (liquidated 1930–1). Some of the patents had been sold to C.Lorenz AG in Berlin, which was very active.The arc transmitting system was in use worldwide from about 1910 to 1925, and the power increased from 12 kW to 1,000 kW. In 1921 an exceptional transmitter rated at 1,800 kW was erected on Java for communications with the Netherlands. More than one thousand installations had been in use worldwide. The competing systems were initially spark transmitters (Marconi) and later rotary converters ( Westinghouse). Similar power was available from valve transmitters only much later.From c. 1912 Poulsen did not contribute actively to further development. He led a life as a well-respected engineer and scientist and served on several committees. He had his private laboratory and made experiments in the composition of matter and certain resonance phenomena; however, nothing was published. It has recently been suggested that Poulsen could not have been unaware of Oberlin Smith's work and publication in 1888, but his extreme honesty in technical matters indicates that his development was indeed independent. In the case of the arc generator, Poulsen was always extremely frank about the inspiration he gained from earlier developers' work.[br]Bibliography1899, British patent no. 8,961 (the first British telegraphone patent). 1903, British patent no. 15,599 (the first British arc-genera tor patent).His scientific publications are few, but fundamental accounts of his contribution are: 1900, "Das Telegraphon", Ann. d. Physik 3:754–60; 1904, "System for producing continuous oscillations", Trans. Int. El. Congr. St. Louis, Vol. II, pp. 963–71.Further ReadingA.Larsen, 1950, Telegrafonen og den Traadløse, Ingeniørvidenskabelige Skrifter no. 2, Copenhagen (provides a very complete, although somewhat confusing, account of Poulsen's contributions; a list of his patents is given on pp. 285–93).F.K.Engel, 1990, Documents on the Invention of Magnetic Re cor ding in 1878, New York: Audio Engineering Society, reprint no. 2,914 (G2) (it is here that doubt is expressed about whether Poulsen's ideas were developed independently).GB-N -
66 specialità
f invar special(i)ty* * *specialità s.f.1 (non com.) ( particolarità) speciality, (amer.) specialty: la specialità di questo oggetto è il suo colore, the speciality (o peculiarity) of this object is its colour2 ( settore, ramo) speciality, (amer.) speciality, branch, line; la letteratura tedesca è la sua specialità, German literature is his speciality (o special subject o field); la neurologia è la sua specialità, nervous diseases are his speciality (o he is a specialist in nervous diseases)3 ( prodotto) speciality, (amer.) specialty, specialty goods (pl.): tutte le nostre specialità sono in vetrina, all our specialities are in the shop window; specialità della casa, speciality of the house // questo vino è una specialità!, this is an excellent (o exceptional) wine // specialità farmaceutica, medicinale, pharmaceutical, medical speciality.* * *[spetʃali'ta]sostantivo femminile invariabile speciality BE, specialty AE (anche gastr.)specialità farmaceutica o medicinale — patent o proprietary medicine
* * *specialità/spet∫ali'ta/f.inv.speciality BE, specialty AE (anche gastr.)\specialità farmaceutica o medicinale patent o proprietary medicine. -
67 маркировка
1) General subject: flagging, insignia, livery, marking, marking (товара, обозначающая наличие регистрации товарного знака; осуществляется знаком R или надписью "Registered trademark"), markings, marks, stamping2) Geology: brand3) Aviation: marking-out4) Medicine: labeling6) Engineering: branding, designation, grading, identification, inking, label, lay-out, mark, stenciling (по трафарету), symbols of grades7) Automobile industry: identification mark, tagging8) Forestry: bite (на поверхности бумаги), marking (напр. деревьев в рубку или для оставления на корню), spotting9) Metallurgy: stenciling (на поверхности изделий)10) Polygraphy: coding11) Physics: tagging-out12) Information technology: labels (Содержат информацию о цвете компонента, линиатуре печати и угле наклона растра, полезную при проверке пленок и главное, помогающую избежать перепутывания форм в типографии)13) Oil: grading (смазочных масел)14) Astronautics: notching15) Cartography: layout16) Silicates: badging (фарфора, стеклянной посуды)17) Metrology: identification mark (например, на приборе)18) Perfume: stamp19) Ecology: danger label, hazard label, labelling20) Patents: marking (нанесение на изделие номера патента), (патентная) marking of patent articles, (патентная) patent marking21) Mass media: blocking24) Automation: legend (напр. на печатной плате), marking-off, sign making25) Robots: tracing26) Arms production: grade, model designation, service marking27) Sakhalin R: tagout29) Chemical weapons: marker30) Makarov: code mark, flagging (трассы), grading (обозначение), identification (процесс), marking (процесс), stamping (процесс), symbols of grades (обозначение)31) Gold mining: tapping33) Logistics: identification code, identifying information34) Tengiz: seal (аппарат для маркировки одежды) -
68 действие
с1) машины operation, functioning, work2) документа effect, validity; actionде́йствие пате́нта — effect of a patent, patent life
продли́ть де́йствие догово́ра — to extend/to prolong the validity of the treaty
срок оконча́ния де́йствия — expiry date
противопра́вные де́йствия — illegal actions
вводи́ть в де́йствие — to bring/to put into effect/force
3) лекарства effectока́зывать де́йствие — to have/to take effect
лека́рство оказа́ло своё де́йствие — the medicine took effect
4) театр actкоме́дия в двух де́йствиях — two-act comedy
де́йствие происхо́дит в... — the scene is laid in/at…
5) мат operationчеты́ре де́йствия арифме́тики — the four rules of arithmetic
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69 Muller, Paul Hermann
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 12 January 1899 Olten, Solothurn, Switzerlandd. 13 October 1965 Basle, Switzerland[br]Swiss chemist, inventor of the insecticide DDT.[br]Muller was educated in Basle and his interest in chemistry was stimulated when he started work as a laboratory assistant in the chemical factory of Dreyfus \& Co. After further laboratory work, he entered the University of Basle in 1919, achieving his doctorate in 1925. The same year, he entered the dye works of J.R.Geigy AG as a research chemist. He spent the rest of his career there, rising to the position of Deputy Head of Pest Control Research. From 1935 he began the search for an insecticide that was fast acting and persistent, but harmless to plants and warmblooded animals. In 1940 he patented the use of a compound known since 1873, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, or DDT. It could be easily and cheaply manufactured and was highly effective. Muller obtained a Swiss patent for DDT in 1940 and it went into commercial production two years later. One useful application of DDT at the end of the Second World War was in killing lice to prevent typhus epidemics. It was widely used and an important factor in farmers' postwar success in raising food production, but after twenty years or so, some species of insects were found to have developed resistance to its action, thus limiting its effectiveness. Worse, it was found to be harmful to other animals, which gave rise to anxieties about its persistence in the food chain. By the 1970s its use was banned or strictly limited in developed countries. Nevertheless, in its earlier career it had conferred undoubted benefits and was highly valued, as reflected by the award of a Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1948.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology 1948.BibliographyMuller described DDT and related compounds in two papers in Helvetica chimica acta for 1944 and 1946.Further ReadingObituary, 1965, Nature 208:1,043–4.LRD -
70 МПК
1) Medicine: минеральная плотность кости, маточно-плацентарный кровоток, BMD, bone density, bone mineral density, МПКТ, минеральная плотность костной ткани, плотность костей2) Abbreviation: IPC (Международная патентная классификация)3) Patents: international patent classification4) Automation: microprocessor controller5) International law: (ООН) IASC (/(United Nations) Inter-Agency Standing Committee/)6) oil&gas: морской перегрузочный комплекс, межпромысловый коллектор -
71 ООО
1) General subject: OOO, LLC (Общество с ограниченной ответственностью - Limited liability company), (в шведских переводах) SLL, отдел операционного обслуживания2) Medicine: open interatrial foramen (открытое овальное отверстие)3) Colloquial: ltd. (общество с ограниченной ответственностью( форма предпринимательства) a limited liability company)4) American: inc, incorporated5) British English: limited6) Finances: общество с ограниченной ответственностью, (Company Limited) Co Ltd7) Abbreviation: PFO (Открытое овальное окно - patent foramen ovale)8) Oil: опорная отметка ОКИОК (условный горизонт)9) Sakhalin energy glossary: открытое акционерное общество -
72 Фармакопея США
1) General subject: Pharmacopoeia of the United States2) Medicine: United States Pharmacopoeia3) Chemistry: United States Patent4) Polymers: United States Pharmacopeia5) Pharmacy: USP (the United States Pharmacopoeia) -
73 возобновление
1) General subject: continuation, recommencement, recrudescence, renascence, renewal, renewal (регистрации товарного знака), renewal (регистрации товарного знака), renewal (регистрации товарного знака), renewing, restoration, resuming, resumption, revival (постановки), reinstatement2) Biology: reproduction (растений), restocking (напр. леса)3) Medicine: reinitiation (лечения)4) Engineering: recreation (природных ресурсов), renovation, restart5) Bookish: redintegration6) Chemistry: iterating7) Law: reopening (производства по делу)8) Economy: comeback, open-end (напр. об ипотеке), reactivation9) Diplomatic term: redintegration (договора)10) Forestry: regeneration (леса)11) Polygraphy: renewal (подписки на издание)12) Physics: recommencing13) Ecology: recovery (растительного сообщества после нарушения), regeneration, repopulation14) Investment: rollover15) Programming: resumption (Стиль обработки исключений, согласно которому исполнение программы возобновляется с той точки, в которой было возбуждено исключение. В C++ используется завершение)16) Marine science: renewal (напр, придонной воды)17) leg.N.P. renewal (of a contract, a note, a lease, a patent)18) Makarov: forest regeneration (леса), forest renewal (леса), forest reproduction (леса), recration (природных ресурсов), recrudescence (чего-л. дурного), renewal (леса), reproduction (леса)19) Security: renewal (напр. действия идентификатора) -
74 доступный
1) General subject: accessible, admissive, affordability, affordable, amenable, approachable, available, come at able, come-at-able, comprehensible, easy of access, easy-to-understand, free, get at able, get-at-able, intelligible (для понимания), negotiable, open, open to, patent, procurable, straightaway, susceptible, teachable (о предмете), disposable, obtainable, accostable2) Naval: permeable3) Medicine: patulous4) Colloquial: popular5) Military: ease of access, easily accessible6) Engineering: handy7) Bookish: pervious8) Mathematics: liable, understandable9) Architecture: gettable10) Jargon: off-the-shelf11) Information technology: reachable12) Oil: accessible (для осмотра или ремонта)13) Immunology: exposed15) Programming: verifiable16) Quality control: accessible (для ремонта), at hand, on hand, within reach17) Makarov: negotiable (о дорогах, вершинах), open (для посещения и т.п.; свободный), ready18) SAP.tech. addressable19) Electrical engineering: accessible (для осмотра и ремонта; об оборудовании) -
75 идея
1) General subject: brainchild, brainstorm, concept, idea, ideo, message (книги и т. п.), notion, sacred cow, insight2) Philosophy: archetype, intention, presentation3) Rare: intellection4) Mathematics: conception5) Diplomatic term: cause6) Psychology: cogitation, prototype, symbol8) Advertising: thought9) Patents: teaching (изобретения), (изобретения) teaching of the patent10) Aviation medicine: apprehension11) Psychoanalysis: species13) Microsoft: lead, sales lead -
76 кнопка
1) General subject: PB (Push Button), drawing pin, fastener, key, knob, patent fastener, pin, press fastener (одежная), press stud, press-stud (одежная), push-button, push-button (звонка и т.п.), snap (для одежды), snap fastener (для одежды), snapper (для одежды), stud, tack, thumbtack, push-pin (которой ч-л прикрепляют), plate (на сумке, кошельке), thumb tack2) Computers: finger contact3) Colloquial: popper (для одежды)4) Obsolete: knop5) Military: (push) button, (push) knob, switch6) Engineering: key button, key top, link (распределительной цепи трикотажной машины)7) Construction: knob (управления)8) Mathematics: press button9) Automobile industry: pushbutton10) Mining: press-button (управления, обычно дистанционного), push button (управления, обычно дистанционного)11) Telecommunications: button contact12) Textile: eyelet (для застёжки), link (цепи трикотажной машины), snap-fastener (для застёжки одежды и перчаток)13) Electronics: button14) Information technology: command button, operational knob, push button (кнопка без фиксации, элемент интерфейса, имеющий форму кнопки)15) Oil: push button16) Astronautics: pushbutton switch17) Cartography: button (в приборах)18) Mechanics: functional key19) Automation: button (управления), thumb pin20) Arms production: serrature21) Aviation medicine: push button( нажимная)22) Makarov: pin (канцелярская, чертёжная), push, push-button (нажимная), tag23) Security: push button (звонка и т. п.)24) Combustion gas turbines: push-button (пускового или сигнального устройства и пр.)25) Electrical engineering: (нажимная) push-button -
77 незаросший
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78 общедоступный
1) General subject: exoterical, free for all, free-for-all, omnibus, popular, public, generally accessible (об образовании), generally available, open to public2) Computers: universally accessible3) Medicine: available4) Engineering: open to the public5) Bookish: exoteric6) Chemistry: shared7) Mathematics: readily available8) Law: publicly available9) Economy: accessible to public10) Politics: moderate, open for general use11) Information technology: shаred12) Business: accessible to the public, patent13) Network technologies: publicly-accessible14) Programming: public domain (напр. о программном обеспечении) -
79 отменить
1) General subject: abolish, abrogate, annihilate, annul, call off, call off (мероприятие и т.п.), disannul, disestablish, do away with (this old custom is done away with - с этим старым обычаем покончено), nix, put off (что-л.), recall, retract, reverse, revoke, bar, shut down (The council has voted to shut down street parties and similar events.), reschedule (договоренность), scrap, pull the plug (on) (pull the plug on a plan to run power lines through a provincial park; pull the plug on the stadium revamp; pull the plug on library funding; pulled the plug on a high-rise project), volteface, сall off3) Naval: take off4) Medicine: discontinue5) Colloquial: X6) Bookish: sublate7) Mathematics: abandon8) Law: abate, avoid, avoid a patent, defeat, disaffirm, set aside, invalidate (the court invalidated the contract)9) Diplomatic term: call off (заседание и т.п.), go back on (smth.) (что-л.), go back upon (smth.) (что-л.)10) Politics: overturn (the Court of Appeal overturned the earlier decision — апелляционный суд отменил предыдущее решение)12) Astronautics: override13) Patents: quash14) leg.N.P. cancel (e.g., a permit), repeal (e.g., a law), revoke (e.g., a will), set aside (e.g., a judgment), supersede, vacate15) Makarov: countermand (прежнее распоряжение), wash up -
80 очевидный
1) General subject: apparent, blatant, clear, conspicuous, downright, egregious error, egregious fool, egregious lie, evident, evidential, flagrant, frank, indubitable, manifest, obvious, open and shut, open-and-shut, ostensible, palpable, patent, plain, plain as a pikestaff, pure and simple, self-evident, transparent, transpicuous, undissembled, univocal, unmistakable, unmistakeable, visible (the trends became visible - выявились (скрытые) тенденции), overt, ascertainable2) Medicine: manifestative3) Engineering: understandable4) Chemistry: detectable5) Mathematics: compelling, trivial6) Diplomatic term: nude7) Logics: necessary8) Psychology: eminent9) Jargon: jazzy10) Information technology: axiomatic, demonstrable11) Business: decisive, simple, uncontested
См. также в других словарях:
patent medicine — ► NOUN ▪ a medicine made and marketed under a patent and available without prescription … English terms dictionary
patent medicine — pat·ent medicine n: a packaged nonprescription drug which is protected by a trademark and whose contents are incompletely disclosed; also: any drug that is a proprietary Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 … Law dictionary
patent medicine — noun count a medicine that you can buy from a store without a doctor s PRESCRIPTION … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
patent medicine — [pat′ nt] n. a trademarked medical preparation that can be bought without a physician s prescription … English World dictionary
patent medicine — pat·ent medicine pat ənt , Brit usu pāt n a packaged nonprescription drug which is protected by a trademark and whose contents are incompletely disclosed also any drug that is a proprietary * * * a drug or remedy protected by a trademark,… … Medical dictionary
Patent medicine — E.W. Kemble s Death s Laboratory in Collier s in 1906 Patent medicine refers to medical compounds of questionable effectiveness sold under a variety of names and labels. The term patent medicine is somewhat of a misnomer because, in most cases,… … Wikipedia
patent medicine — UK / US noun [countable] Word forms patent medicine : singular patent medicine plural patent medicines a medicine that you can buy from a shop without a doctor s prescription … English dictionary
patent medicine — patent medi|cine [ˌpeıtnt ˈmedsən US ˌpætnt ˈmedısən] n a medicine which can be bought without a ↑prescription (=a written order from your doctor) = ↑over the counter … Dictionary of contemporary English
patent medicine — noun a) A medicine that is protected by a patent. b) Any medicine with a proprietary formula which can be bought without a prescription, irrespective of whether it is protected by a patent … Wiktionary
patent medicine — 1. a medicine sold without a prescription in drugstores or by sales representatives, and usually protected by a trademark. 2. a medicine distributed by a company having a patent on its manufacture. [1760 70] * * * … Universalium
patent medicine — noun medicine that is protected by a patent and available without a doctor s prescription (Freq. 1) • Hypernyms: ↑medicine, ↑medication, ↑medicament, ↑medicinal drug • Hyponyms: ↑nostrum … Useful english dictionary