Перевод: с английского на французский

с французского на английский

part+of+the+body

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1 The human body

When it is clear who owns the part of the body mentioned, French tends to use the definite article where English uses a possessive adjective:

he raised his hand

= il a levé la main

she closed her eyes

= elle a fermé les yeux

Note, for instance, the use of la and mon here:

she ran her hand over my forehead

= elle a passé la main sur mon front

For expressions such as he hurt his foot or she hit her head on the beam, where the owner of the body part is the subject of the verb, i.e. the person doing the action, use a reflexive verb in French:

she has broken her leg

= elle s’est cassé la jambe

( literally she has broken to herself the leg - there is no past participle agreement because the preceding reflexive pronoun se is the indirect object).

he was rubbing his hands

= il se frottait les mains

she was holding her head

= elle se tenait la tête

Note also the following:

she broke his leg

= elle lui a cassé la jambe

( literally she broke to him the leg)

the stone split his lip

= le caillou lui a fendu la lèvre

( literally the stone split to him the lip)

Describing people

For ways of saying how tall someone is ⇒ Length measurement ; of stating someone’s weight ⇒ Weight measurement ; and of talking about the colour of hair and eyes ⇒ Colours.

Here are some ways of describing people in French:

his hair is long

= il a les cheveux longs

he has long hair

= il a les cheveux longs

a boy with long hair

= un garçon aux cheveux longs

a long-haired boy

= un garçon aux cheveux longs

the boy with long hair

= le garçon aux cheveux longs

her eyes are blue

= elle a les yeux bleus

she has blue eyes

= elle a les yeux bleus

she is blue-eyed

= elle a les yeux bleus

the girl with blue eyes

= la fille aux yeux bleus

a blue-eyed girl

= une fille aux yeux bleus

his nose is red

= il a le nez rouge

he has a red nose

= il a le nez rouge

a man with a red nose

= un homme au nez rouge

a red-nosed man

= un homme au nez rouge

When referring to a temporary state, the following phrases are useful:

his leg is broken

= il a la jambe cassée

the man with the broken leg

= l’homme à la jambe cassée

but note

a man with a broken leg

= un homme avec une jambe cassée

Big English-French dictionary > The human body
2 body

body ['bɒdɪ] (pl bodies)

noun

(a) Anatomy & Zoology (human, animal) corps m;

∎ we belong together body and soul nous sommes faits l'un pour l'autre;

∎ he gave himself to her body and soul il s'est donné à elle corps et âme;

∎ figurative to have just enough to keep body and soul together avoir tout juste de quoi vivre;

∎ this obsession with the body beautiful cette obsession que tout le monde a d'avoir un corps parfait

(b) (corpse) cadavre m, corps m;

∎ familiar over my dead body! il faudra me passer sur le corps!

(c) (group) ensemble m, corps m; Administration (organization) organisme m;

∎ the main body of voters le gros des électeurs;

∎ a large body of people une foule énorme;

∎ they came in one body ils sont venus en masse;

∎ taken as a body dans leur ensemble, pris ensemble;

∎ Law legislative body corps m législatif

(d) (mass) masse f;

∎ a body of water un plan d'eau;

∎ a growing body of evidence une accumulation de preuves;

∎ the body of public opinion la majorité de l'opinion publique;

∎ there is a large body of support for the policy un grand nombre de personnes sont en faveur de cette politique

(e) (largest part → of document, speech, e-mail) fond m, corps m

(f) (of car) carrosserie f; (of plane) fuselage m; (of ship) coque f; (of camera) boîtier m; (of dress) corsage m; (of building) corps m; (of musical instrument) coffre m

(g) (fullness → of wine) corps m; (→ of hair) volume m;

∎ a wine with (a lot of) body un vin qui a du corps;

∎ a shampoo that gives your hair body un shampooing qui donne du volume à vos cheveux

(h) familiar (man) bonhomme m; (woman) bonne femme f;

∎ she's a funny little body c'est une drôle de petite bonne femme

(i) (garment) body m

(j) Physics corps m

►► body armour vêtements mpl pare-balles;

body art body art m;

body bag sac m mortuaire;

Boxing body blow coup m dur;

∎ figurative to be a real body blow to sb's hopes être un véritable coup porté aux espoirs de qn;

Sport body building culturisme m;

body clock horloge f interne ou biologique;

Politics body corporate personne f morale;

body count pertes fpl en vies humaines;

Cinema body double doublure f;

body fascism culte m excessif de la beauté physique (conduisant à un phénomène de discrimination);

body fluids fluides mpl organiques;

body hair poils mpl;

body heat chaleur f animale;

body language attitude f;

∎ I could tell by his body language je le savais d'après la façon dont il se tenait;

body lotion lait m corporel;

body odour odeur f corporelle;

body paint peinture f pour le corps;

body piercing piercing m;

Politics body politic corps m politique;

body popper smurfer(euse) m,f;

body popping smurf m;

Sport body rafting canyoning m;

Medicine body scan scanographie f;

Medicine body scanner scanner m, scanographe m;

body scrub produit m exfoliant pour le corps;

body search fouille f corporelle;

body shampoo shampooing m pour le corps;

body shop Cars (for vehicles) atelier m de carrosserie; American familiar (gym) club m de gym^□ ;

History body snatcher déterreur(euse) m,f de cadavres;

body stocking body m;

body swerve feinte f;

∎ Scottish familiar figurative to give sb/sth a body swerve éviter qn/qch^□ ;

body warmer gilet m matelassé

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > body
3 part

part [pɑ:t]

partie ⇒ 1 (a) rôle ⇒ 1 (b) pièce ⇒ 1 (c) quartier ⇒ 1 (d) episode ⇒ 1 (e) mesure ⇒ 1 (f) s'entrouvrir ⇒ 3 (a) s'ouvrir ⇒ 3 (a) se quitter ⇒ 3 (b) entrouvrir ⇒ 4 (a) écarter ⇒ 4 (a) séparer ⇒ 4 (b)

1 noun

(a) (gen → portion, subdivision) partie f;

∎ the exam is in two parts l'examen est en deux parties;

∎ see part one, section two voir première partie, section deux;

∎ the parts of the body les parties fpl du corps;

∎ (a) part of the garden is flooded une partie du jardin est inondée;

∎ (a) part of me strongly agrees with them sur un certain plan, je suis tout à fait d'accord avec eux;

∎ that's only part of the problem ce n'est qu'un des aspects du problème;

∎ it's very much part of the game/of the process ça fait partie du jeu/du processus;

∎ it's all part of growing up c'est ce qui se passe quand on grandit;

∎ we've finished the hardest part nous avons fait le plus dur;

∎ I haven't told you the best part yet je ne t'ai pas encore dit le plus beau ou la meilleure;

∎ the best/worst part was when he started laughing le mieux/le pire ça a été quand il s'est mis à rire;

∎ in the early part of the week au début ou dans les premiers jours de la semaine;

∎ for the best or greater part of five years (to wait, last etc) presque cinq ans;

∎ the greater part of the population la plus grande partie de la population;

∎ to be (a) part of sth (be involved with) faire partie de qch;

∎ he desperately wants to be a part of her organization il veut à tout prix faire partie de son organisme;

∎ to form part of sth faire partie de qch;

∎ to be part and parcel of sth faire partie (intégrante) de qch

(b) (role) rôle m;

∎ who played the part of Hamlet? qui a joué le rôle de Hamlet?;

∎ figurative he's just playing a part il joue la comédie;

∎ to know one's part connaître son texte;

∎ work plays a large part in our lives le travail joue un rôle important dans notre vie;

∎ she played a large part in persuading the company to relocate c'est surtout elle qui a persuadé l'entreprise de se relocaliser;

∎ to take part (in sth) prendre part ou participer (à qch);

∎ she takes an active part in decision-making elle participe activement au processus de prise de décision;

∎ I had no part in that affair je n'ai joué aucun rôle dans cette affaire;

∎ he has no part in the running of the company il ne participe pas à ou il n'intervient pas dans la gestion de la société;

∎ Joe had no part in it Joe n'y était pour rien;

∎ I want no part in or of their schemes je ne veux pas être mêlé à leurs projets;

∎ to do one's part y mettre du sien;

∎ to dress the part se mettre en tenue de circonstance;

∎ to look the part avoir la tenue de circonstance;

∎ for my/his part pour ma/sa part

(c) (component → of machine) pièce f;

∎ spare parts pièces fpl détachées ou de rechange;

∎ parts and labour warranty garantie f pièces et main-d'œuvre

(d) (area → of country, town etc)

∎ which part of England are you from? vous êtes d'où en Angleterre?, de quelle région de l'Angleterre venez-vous?;

∎ in some parts of Sydney/Australia dans certains quartiers de Sydney/certaines régions de l'Australie;

∎ it's a dangerous part of town c'est un quartier dangereux;

∎ are you new to these parts? vous êtes nouveau ici?;

∎ they are not from our part of the world ils ne sont pas de chez nous;

∎ she's travelling in foreign parts elle est en voyage à l'étranger

(e) (instalment → of encyclopedia) fascicule m; (→ of serial) épisode m;

∎ don't miss part two! (of serial) ne manquez pas le deuxième épisode!; (of programme in two parts) ne manquez pas la deuxième partie!

(f) (measure) mesure f;

∎ one part of pastis and four parts of water une mesure de pastis et quatre mesures d'eau;

∎ Chemistry a concentration of six parts per million une concentration de six pour un million;

∎ the bottle was three parts empty la bouteille était aux trois quarts vide

(g) (side) parti m, part f;

∎ he always takes his mother's part il prend toujours le parti de sa mère;

∎ to take sth in good part bien prendre qch

(h) American (in hair) raie f

(i) Grammar partie f

(j) Music partie f;

∎ the vocal/violin part la partie vocale/(pour) violon;

∎ to sing in three parts chanter à trois voix

2 adverb

en partie, partiellement;

∎ the jacket is part cotton, part polyester la veste est un mélange de coton et de polyester ou un mélange coton-polyester;

∎ he's part English, part Chinese il est moitié anglais, moitié chinois;

∎ a mythical creature, part woman, part fish une créature mythique mi-femme, mi-poisson

3 intransitive verb

(a) (move apart → lips, curtains) s'entrouvrir; (→ legs) s'écarter, s'ouvrir; (→ crowd) s'ouvrir; (disengage → fighters) se séparer;

∎ the clouds parted il y eut une éclaircie

(b) (leave one another) se quitter;

∎ they parted good friends ils se sont quittés bons amis

(c) (break → rope) se casser; (tear → fabric) se déchirer

4 transitive verb

(a) (move apart, open → curtains) entrouvrir; (→ branches, legs) écarter;

∎ her lips were slightly parted ses lèvres étaient entrouvertes

(b) (separate) séparer ( from de);

∎ the children were parted from their parents les enfants ont été séparés de leurs parents;

∎ humorous he's not easily parted from his cash il ne se sépare pas facilement de son argent

(c) (hair) faire une raie à;

∎ her hair's parted in the middle elle a la raie au milieu

5 parts plural noun

(talents) talents mpl;

∎ a man/woman of many parts un homme/une femme de talent

6 for the most part adverb

dans l'ensemble;

∎ the day will be sunny for the most part la journée sera ensoleillée dans l'ensemble;

∎ for the most part we get along pretty well dans l'ensemble, nous nous entendons assez bien

7 in part adverb

en partie;

∎ it's true in part c'est en partie vrai;

∎ it's in large part true c'est en grande partie vrai;

∎ the problem stems in part from a misunderstanding le problème vient en partie d'un malentendu

8 in parts adverb

par endroits;

∎ the book is good in parts le livre est bon par endroits, certains passages du livre sont bons;

∎ in parts the text is almost illegible le texte est presque illisible par endroits

9 on the part of preposition

de la part de;

∎ it was negligence on the part of the landlord c'était une négligence de la part du propriétaire

►► Commerce part consignment expédition f partielle;

Commerce part exchange reprise f;

∎ they'll take your old TV set in part exchange ils vous font une reprise sur or ils reprennent votre ancien téléviseur;

∎ will you take it in part exchange? voulez-vous le reprendre?;

Commerce part load chargement m partiel;

part music musique f d'ensemble;

part owner copropriétaire mf;

part ownership copropriété f;

part payment acompte m, paiement m partiel;

∎ I received £500 in part payment for the car j'ai reçu un acompte de 500 livres pour la voiture;

Commerce part shipment expédition f partielle;

part singing chant m polyphonique or à plusieurs voix;

part song chant m polyphonique or à plusieurs voix;

part of speech partie f du discours;

British part work ouvrage m à fascicules;

∎ they published it as a part work ils l'ont publié sous forme de fascicules

➲ part with inseparable transitive verb

se séparer de;

∎ we'll have to part with most of the furniture nous devrons nous séparer de presque tous les meubles;

∎ he hates parting with his money il a horreur de dépenser son argent

ⓘ Reaches the parts that other beers can't reach Il s'agit du slogan d'une série de publicités pour la bière Heineken pendant les années 70 dans lesquelles la bière était censée conférer des pouvoirs spéciaux à ceux qui la consommaient. Aujourd'hui on utilise encore cette formule ("atteint les parties que les autres bières ne peuvent atteindre"), en remplaçant le mot beers par un autre pour décrire les qualités de quelque chose de façon humoristique. On dira par exemple she makes tea that reaches the parts that other tea cannot reach ("elle fait du thé vraiment excellent"), ou this tour reaches the parts of Scotland that others don't ("ce circuit touristique explore les coins d'Écosse que les autres ignorent").

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > part
4 body

['bodi] 1. plural - bodies; noun
1) (the whole frame of a man or animal including the bones and flesh: Athletes have to look after their bodies.) corps

2) (a dead person: The battlefield was covered with bodies.) cadavre

3) (the main part of anything: the body of the hall.) corps, partie principale

4) (a mass: a huge body of evidence.) masse

5) (a group of persons acting as one: professional bodies.) corps

•

- bodily
2. adverb
(by the entire (physical) body: They lifted him bodily and carried him off.) à bras-le-corps

- bodyguard
- body language - bodywork

English-French dictionary > body
5 back

[bæk] 1. noun
1) (in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine: She lay on her back.) dos

2) (in animals, the upper part of the body: She put the saddle on the horse's back.) dos

3) (that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front: the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall.) arrière

4) (in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards.) arrière
2. adjective
(of or at the back: the back door.) de derrière
3. adverb
1) (to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came: I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner.) de retour

2) (away (from something); not near (something): Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you!) en arrière

3) (towards the back (of something): Sit back in your chair.) en arrière

4) (in return; in response to: When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back.) en retour

5) (to, or in, the past: Think back to your childhood.) en arrière
4. verb
1) (to (cause to) move backwards: He backed (his car) out of the garage.) faire marche arrière

2) (to help or support: Will you back me against the others?) soutenir

3) (to bet or gamble on: I backed your horse to win.) miser sur

•

- backer
- backbite - backbiting - backbone - backbreaking - backdate - backfire - background - backhand 5. adverb
(using backhand: She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand.) en revers, penché à gauche

- backlog
- back-number - backpack - backpacking: go backpacking - backpacker - backside - backslash - backstroke - backup - backwash - backwater - backyard - back down - back of - back on to - back out - back up - have one's back to the wall - put someone's back up - take a back seat

English-French dictionary > back
6 neck

I [nek] noun
1) (the part of the body between the head and chest: She wore a scarf around her neck.)

2) (the part of an article of clothing that covers that part of the body: The neck of that shirt is dirty.)

3) (anything like a neck in shape or position: the neck of a bottle.)

•

- necklace
- neckline - necktie - neck and neck II [nek] verb
(to kiss, hug and caress (passionately); to pet.)

English-French dictionary > neck
7 heart

1. noun
1) (the organ which pumps blood through the body: How fast does a person's heart beat?; ( also adjective) heart disease; a heart specialist.) coeur

2) (the central part: I live in the heart of the city; in the heart of the forest; the heart of a lettuce; Let's get straight to the heart of the matter/problem.) coeur

3) (the part of the body where one's feelings, especially of love, conscience etc are imagined to arise: She has a kind heart; You know in your heart that you ought to go; She has no heart (= She is not kind).) coeur

4) (courage and enthusiasm: The soldiers were beginning to lose heart.) courage

5) (a symbol supposed to represent the shape of the heart; a white dress with little pink hearts on it; heart-shaped.) (de) coeur

6) (one of the playing-cards of the suit hearts, which have red symbols of this shape on them.) coeur

•

- - hearted
- hearten - heartless - heartlessly - heartlessness - hearts - hearty - heartily - heartiness - heartache - heart attack - heartbeat - heartbreak - heartbroken - heartburn - heart failure - heartfelt - heart-to-heart 2. noun
(an open and sincere talk, usually in private: After our heart-to-heart I felt more cheerful.) entretien à coeur ouvert

- heart-warming
- at heart - break someone's heart - by heart - from the bottom of one's heart - have a change of heart - have a heart! - have at heart - heart and soul - lose heart - not have the heart to - set one's heart on / have one's heart set on - take heart - take to heart - to one's heart's content - with all one's heart

English-French dictionary > heart
8 Illnesses, aches and pains

Where does it hurt?

where does it hurt?

= où est-ce que ça vous fait mal? or (more formally) où avez-vous mal?

his leg hurts

= sa jambe lui fait mal

( Do not confuse faire mal à qn with the phrase faire du mal à qn, which means to harm sb.)

he has a pain in his leg

= il a mal à la jambe

Note that with avoir mal à French uses the definite article (la) with the part of the body, where English has a possessive (his), hence:

his head was aching

= il avait mal à la tête

English has other ways of expressing this idea, but avoir mal à fits them too:

he had toothache

= il avait mal aux dents

his ears hurt

= il avait mal aux oreilles

Accidents

she broke her leg

= elle s’est cassé la jambe

Elle s’est cassé la jambe means literally she broke to herself the leg ; because the se is an indirect object, the past participle cassé does not agree. This is true of all such constructions:

she sprained her ankle

= elle s’est foulé la cheville

they burned their hands

= ils se sont brûlé les mains

Chronic conditions

Note that the French often use fragile (weak) to express a chronic condition:

he has a weak heart

= il a le cœur fragile

he has kidney trouble

= il a les reins fragiles

he has a bad back

= il a le dos fragile

Being ill

Mostly French uses the definite article with the name of an illness:

to have flu

= avoir la grippe

to have measles

= avoir la rougeole

to have malaria

= avoir la malaria

This applies to most infectious diseases, including childhood illnesses. However, note the exceptions ending in -ite (e.g. une hépatite, une méningite) below.

When the illness affects a specific part of the body, French uses the indefinite article:

to have cancer

= avoir un cancer

to have cancer of the liver

= avoir un cancer du foie

to have pneumonia

= avoir une pneumonie

to have cirrhosis

= avoir une cirrhose

to have a stomach ulcer

= avoir un ulcère à l’estomac

Most words in -ite ( English -itis) work like this:

to have bronchitis

= avoir une bronchite

to have hepatitis

= avoir une hépatite

When the illness is a generalized condition, French tends to use du, de l’, de la or des:

to have rheumatism

= avoir des rhumatismes

to have emphysema

= avoir de l’emphysème

to have asthma

= avoir de l’asthme

to have arthritis

= avoir de l’arthrite

One exception here is:

to have hay fever

= avoir le rhume des foins

When there is an adjective for such conditions, this is often preferred in French:

to have asthma

= être asthmatique

to have epilepsy

= être épileptique

Such adjectives can be used as nouns to denote the person with the illness, e.g. un/une asthmatique and un/une épileptique etc.

French has other specific words for people with certain illnesses:

someone with cancer

= un cancéreux/une cancéreuse

If in doubt check in the dictionary.

English with is translated by qui a or qui ont, and this is always safe:

someone with malaria

= quelqu’un qui a la malaria

people with Aids

= les gens qui ont le Sida

Falling ill

The above guidelines about the use of the definite and indefinite articles in French hold good for talking about the onset of illnesses.

French has no general equivalent of to get. However, where English can use catch, French can use attraper:

to catch mumps

= attraper les oreillons

to catch malaria

= attraper la malaria

to catch bronchitis

= attraper une bronchite

to catch a cold

= attraper un rhume

Similarly where English uses contract, French uses contracter:

to contract Aids

= contracter le Sida

to contract pneumonia

= contracter une pneumonie

to contract hepatitis

= contracter une hépatite

For attacks of chronic illnesses, French uses faire une crise de:

to have a bout of malaria

= faire une crise de malaria

to have an asthma attack

= faire une crise d’asthme

to have an epileptic fit

= faire une crise d’épilepsie

Treatment

to be treated for polio

= se faire soigner contre la polio

to take something for hay fever

= prendre quelque chose contre le rhume des foins

he’s taking something for his cough

= il prend quelque chose contre la toux

to prescribe something for a cough

= prescrire un médicament contre la toux

malaria tablets

= des cachets contre la malaria

to have a cholera vaccination

= se faire vacciner contre le choléra

to be vaccinated against smallpox

= se faire vacciner contre la variole

to be immunized against smallpox

= se faire immuniser contre la variole

to have a tetanus injection

= se faire vacciner contre le tétanos

to give sb a tetanus injection

= vacciner qn contre le tétanos

to be operated on for cancer

= être opéré d’un cancer

to operate on sb for appendicitis

= opérer qn de l’appendicite

Big English-French dictionary > Illnesses, aches and pains
9 graze

[ɡreiz] I verb
((of animals) to eat grass etc which is growing.) brouter
II 1. verb
1) (to scrape the skin from (a part of the body): I've grazed my knee on that stone wall.) écorcher

2) (to touch lightly in passing: The bullet grazed the car.) frôler
2. noun
(the slight wound caused by grazing a part of the body: a graze on one's knee.) écorchure

English-French dictionary > graze
10 donor

['dounə]

noun (a giver of a gift or of a part of the body used to replace a diseased part of someone else's body: The new piano in the hall is the gift of an anonymous donor; a kidney donor; a blood donor.) donateur/-trice; donneur/-euse

English-French dictionary > donor
11 gangrene

['ɡæŋɡri:n]
noun

(the decay of a part of the body of a living person, animal etc, because the blood supply to that part of the body has stopped.) gangrène

- gangrenous

English-French dictionary > gangrene
12 graft

I 1. verb
(to fix (skin, bone etc) from one part of the body on to or into another part of the body: The doctor treated her burns by grafting skin from her leg on to her back.) greffer
2. noun
(a piece of skin, bone etc which is grafted: a skin graft.) greffe
II noun
1) (dishonesty in obtaining profit or good position.) corruption

2) (hard work.) dure besogne

English-French dictionary > graft
13 in

in [ɪn]

dans ⇒ 1A (a)-(e), 1B (c), 1C (d), 1D (a), 1F (a) à ⇒ 1A (g), 1F (b) en ⇒ 1A (h), 1B (a), 1B (b), 1C (a), 1C (b), 1C (d), 1E (b), 1F (b) chez ⇒ 1C (f) sur ⇒ 1G (b) à l'intérieur ⇒ 2A (a) à la mode ⇒ 2E (b), 3 (a)

1 preposition

A.

(a) (within a defined area or space) dans;

∎ in a box dans une boîte;

∎ what have you got in your pockets? qu'est-ce que tu as dans tes poches?;

∎ she was sitting in an armchair elle était assise dans un fauteuil;

∎ in the house dans la maison;

∎ in Catherine's house chez Catherine;

∎ they're playing in the garden/living room/street ils jouent dans le jardin/le salon/la rue;

∎ we live in a village nous habitons un village;

∎ he's still in bed/in the bath il est encore au lit/dans son bain;

∎ she shut herself up in her bedroom elle s'est enfermée dans sa chambre;

∎ the light's gone in the fridge la lumière du réfrigérateur ne marche plus;

∎ Law in camera à huis clos

(b) (within an undefined area or space) dans;

∎ she trailed her hand in the water elle laissait traîner sa main dans l'eau;

∎ there's a smell of spring in the air ça sent le printemps;

∎ we swam in the sea nous nous sommes baignés dans la mer

(c) (indicating movement) dans;

∎ put it in your pocket mets-le dans ta poche;

∎ throw the letter in the bin jette la lettre à la poubelle;

∎ we headed in the direction of the port nous nous sommes dirigés vers le port

(d) (contained by a part of the body) dans;

∎ he had a knife in his hand il avait un couteau dans ou à la main;

∎ she held her tight in her arms elle la serrait dans ses bras;

∎ with tears in his eyes les larmes aux yeux

(e) (on or behind a surface) dans;

∎ a hole in the wall un trou dans le mur;

∎ there were deep cuts in the surface la surface était marquée de profondes entailles;

∎ a reflection in the mirror un reflet dans la glace;

∎ how much is that jumper in the window? combien coûte ce pull dans la vitrine?;

∎ who's that man in the photo? qui est cet homme sur la photo?

(f) (in a specified institution)

∎ she's in hospital/in prison elle est à l'hôpital/en prison;

∎ he teaches in a language school il enseigne dans une école de langues

(g) (with geographical names)

∎ in Paris à Paris;

∎ in France en France;

∎ in Afghanistan en Afghanistan;

∎ in the States aux États-Unis;

∎ in Portugal au Portugal;

∎ in the Pacific dans l'océan Pacifique;

∎ in the Third World dans les pays du tiers-monde

(h) (wearing) en;

∎ he was in a suit il était en costume;

∎ she was still in her dressing gown elle était encore en robe de chambre;

∎ he always dresses in green il s'habille toujours en vert;

∎ who's that woman in the hat? qui est la femme avec le ou au chapeau?;

∎ in uniform/mourning en uniforme/deuil

(i) (covered by)

∎ sardines in tomato sauce des sardines à la sauce tomate;

∎ beef in a red wine sauce bœuf mijoté dans une sauce au vin rouge;

∎ fish in breadcrumbs poisson pané;

∎ we were up to our waists in mud nous étions dans la boue jusqu'à la taille

B.

(a) (during a specified period of time) en;

∎ in 1992 en 1992;

∎ in March en mars, au mois de mars;

∎ in the thirties dans les années trente;

∎ in (the) summer/autumn/winter en été/automne/hiver;

∎ in (the) spring au printemps;

∎ he doesn't work in the afternoon/morning il ne travaille pas l'après-midi/le matin;

∎ I'll come in the afternoon/morning je viendrai l'après-midi/le matin;

∎ at 5 o'clock in the afternoon/morning à 5 heures de l'après-midi/du matin;

∎ in the future à l'avenir;

∎ in the past autrefois

(b) (within a specified period of time) en;

∎ he cooked the meal in ten minutes il prépara le repas en dix minutes

(c) (after a specified period of time) dans;

∎ I'll be back in five minutes je reviens dans cinq minutes, j'en ai pour cinq minutes

(d) (indicating a long period of time)

∎ we haven't had a proper talk in ages nous n'avons pas eu de véritable conversation depuis très longtemps;

∎ I hadn't seen her in years ça faisait des années que je ne l'avais pas vue

(e) (during a specified temporary situation)

∎ in my absence en ou pendant mon absence;

∎ in the ensuing chaos dans la confusion qui s'ensuivit

C.

(a) (indicating arrangement, shape) en;

∎ in five rows/parts en cinq rangées/parties;

∎ stand in a circle mettez-vous en cercle;

∎ line up in twos mettez-vous par deux;

∎ cut the cake in three/in half coupe le gâteau en trois/en deux;

∎ she had her hair up in a ponytail ses cheveux étaient relevés en queue de cheval

(b) (indicating form, method)

∎ in cash en liquide;

∎ in writing par écrit;

∎ in English/French en anglais/français;

∎ written in ink écrit à l'encre;

∎ do you have these shoes in a 5? est-ce que vous auriez ces chaussures en 38?;

∎ have you got this jacket in a large? est-ce que vous auriez cette veste dans une taille plus grande?;

∎ does it come in red? est-ce que ça existe ou est-ce que ça se fait en rouge?

(c) (indicating state of mind)

∎ she's in a bit of a state elle est dans tous ses états;

∎ to be in love être amoureux;

∎ don't keep us in suspense ne nous tiens pas en haleine plus longtemps;

∎ he watched in wonderment il regardait avec émerveillement

(d) (indicating state, situation) dans, en;

∎ in the present circumstances dans les circonstances actuelles;

∎ in the dark dans l'obscurité;

∎ in this weather par ou avec ce temps;

∎ in the sun au soleil;

∎ in the rain/snow sous la pluie/neige;

∎ in danger/silence en danger/silence;

∎ in my presence en ma présence;

∎ she's got her leg in plaster elle a une jambe plâtrée ou dans le plâtre

(e) (referring to plants and animals)

∎ in blossom en fleur ou fleurs;

∎ in pup/calf/cub plein;

∎ American in heat en chaleur

(f) (among) chez;

∎ a disease common in five-year-olds une maladie très répandue chez les enfants de cinq ans;

∎ the sense of smell is more developed in dogs l'odorat est plus développé chez les chiens

D.

(a) (forming part of) dans;

∎ in chapter six dans le chapitre six;

∎ we were standing in a queue nous faisions la queue;

∎ she's appearing in his new play/film elle joue dans sa nouvelle pièce/son nouveau film;

∎ he has two Picassos in his collection il a deux Picasso dans sa collection;

∎ this is a common theme in Shakespeare's work c'est un thème fréquent dans les œuvres de Shakespeare;

∎ the best player in the team le meilleur joueur de l'équipe;

∎ how many feet are there in a metre? combien de pieds y a-t-il dans un mètre?;

∎ service is included in the price le service est inclus dans le prix

(b) (indicating a personality trait)

∎ she hasn't got it in her to be nasty elle est bien incapable de méchanceté;

∎ I didn't think she had it in her je ne l'en croyais pas capable;

∎ it's the Irish in me c'est mon côté irlandais

(c) (indicating feelings about a person or thing)

∎ she has no confidence in him elle n'a aucune confiance en lui;

∎ they showed no interest in my work mon travail n'a pas eu l'air de les intéresser le moins du monde

(d) (according to)

∎ in my opinion or view à mon avis

E.

(a) (indicating purpose, cause)

∎ he charged the door in an effort to get free dans un effort pour se libérer, il donna un grand coup dans la porte;

∎ in reply or response to your letter... en réponse à votre lettre...;

∎ there's no point in complaining il est inutile de ou ça ne sert à rien de se plaindre

(b) (as a result of) en;

∎ in doing so, you only encourage him en faisant cela, vous ne faites que l'encourager;

∎ in attempting to save her son's life, she almost died en essayant de sauver son fils, elle a failli mourir

(c) (as regards)

∎ it's five feet in length ça fait cinq pieds de long;

∎ the town has grown considerably in size la ville s'est beaucoup agrandie;

∎ a change in direction un changement de direction;

∎ he's behind in maths il ne suit pas en maths;

∎ spinach is rich in iron les épinards sont riches en fer;

∎ we've found the ideal candidate in Richard nous avons trouvé en Richard le candidat idéal

(d) (indicating source of discomfort)

∎ I've got a pain in my arm j'ai une douleur au ou dans le bras

F.

(a) (indicating specified field, sphere of activity) dans;

∎ to be in the army/navy être dans l'armée/la marine;

∎ she's in advertising elle est dans la publicité;

∎ an expert in economics un expert en économie politique;

∎ he's in business with his sister il dirige une entreprise avec sa sœur;

∎ there have been tremendous advances in the treatment of cancer de grands progrès ont été faits dans le traitement du cancer;

∎ a degree in Italian une licence d'italien

(b) (indicating activity engaged in)

∎ our days were spent in swimming and sailing nous passions nos journées à nager et à faire de la voile;

∎ they spent hours (engaged) in complex negotiations ils ont passé des heures en négociations difficiles;

∎ you took your time in getting here! tu en as mis du temps à venir!

G.

(a) (indicating approximate number, amount)

∎ people arrived in droves/in dribs and drabs les gens sont arrivés en foule/par petits groupes;

∎ they came in their thousands ils sont venus par milliers;

∎ he's in his forties il a la quarantaine;

∎ the temperature was in the nineties la température était dans les trente degrés

(b) (in ratios) sur;

∎ one child in three un enfant sur trois;

∎ a one-in-five hill une pente de 20 pour cent;

∎ once in ten years une fois tous les dix ans

2 adverb

A.

(a) (into an enclosed space) à l'intérieur, dedans;

∎ she opened the door and looked in elle ouvrit la porte et regarda à l'intérieur;

∎ he jumped in il sauta dedans

(b) (indicating movement from outside to inside)

∎ breathe in then out inspirez puis expirez;

∎ we can't take in any more refugees nous ne pouvons pas accueillir plus de réfugiés;

∎ she's been in and out of mental hospitals all her life elle a passé presque toute sa vie dans des hôpitaux psychiatriques;

∎ she and I were always in and out of each other's houses nous étions tout le temps fourrées l'une chez l'autre

(c) (at home or place of work)

∎ is your wife/the boss in? est-ce que votre femme/le patron est là?;

∎ it's nice to spend an evening in c'est agréable de passer une soirée chez soi;

∎ to eat/to stay in manger/rester à la maison;

∎ we've got the builders in nous avons des ouvriers à la maison;

∎ he usually comes in about 10 o'clock en général, il est là vers 10 heures;

∎ familiar what's he in for? (in prison) pourquoi est-ce qu'il fait de la tôle?; (in hospital) pourquoi est-ce qu'il est à l'hôpital?^□

B.

(a) (indicating entry)

∎ to go in entrer;

∎ come in! entrez!;

∎ to saunter/to run in entrer d'un pas nonchalant/en courant;

∎ in we go! on y va!

(b) (indicating arrival)

∎ the bus isn't in yet le bus n'est pas encore arrivé;

∎ what time does your train get in? quand est-ce que votre train arrive?

(c) (towards the centre)

∎ the walls fell in les murs se sont écroulés;

∎ the edges bend in le bord est recourbé

(d) (towards the shore)

∎ the tide is in la marée est haute

C.

(a) (indicating transmission)

∎ write in for further information écrivez-nous pour plus de renseignements;

∎ entries must be in by 1 May les bulletins doivent nous parvenir avant le 1 mai;

∎ offers of help poured in les propositions d'aide sont arrivées en masse

(b) (indicating participation, addition)

∎ to be in at the start/finish of sth assister au début/à la fin de qch;

∎ we asked if we could join in nous avons demandé si nous pouvions participer;

∎ stir in the sliced onions ajouter les oignons en lamelles;

∎ fill in the blanks remplissez les espaces vides

D.

(a) Sport (within area of court)

∎ the ball was in la balle était bonne

(b) (in cricket) à l'attaque;

∎ the other side went in first c'est l'autre équipe qui était d'abord à l'attaque

E.

(a) Politics (elected)

∎ he failed to get in at the last election il n'a pas été élu aux dernières élections

(b) (in fashion) à la mode;

∎ short skirts are coming back in les jupes courtes reviennent à la mode

F.

(idioms)

∎ you're in for a bit of a disappointment tu vas être déçu;

∎ he's in for a surprise/shock il va avoir une surprise/un choc;

∎ we're in for a storm nous aurons sûrement de l'orage;

∎ they don't know what they're in for ils ne savent pas ce qui les attend;

∎ now he's really in for it cette fois-ci, il va y avoir droit;

∎ he's in on the secret il est dans le secret;

∎ he's in on it il est dans le coup;

∎ we were all in on the plot on était tous au courant;

∎ I wasn't in on that particular conversation je n'étais pas là pendant cette conversation;

∎ familiar to be in with sb être en bons termes avec qn;

∎ he's trying to get in with the boss il essaie de se faire bien voir du patron

3 adjective familiar

(a) (fashionable) à la mode^□, branché;

∎ that nightclub is very in cette boîte est très à la mode;

∎ it's the in place to go c'est l'endroit branché du moment;

∎ to be the in thing être à la mode;

∎ the in crowd les gens dans le coup

(b) (for a select few)

∎ it's an in joke c'est une plaisanterie entre nous/elles/ etc ^□

4 noun

American familiar (influence)

∎ to have an in avoir de l'influence;

∎ he has an in with the senator il a ses entrées chez le sénateur

5 ins plural noun

∎ the ins and outs (of a situation) les tenants et les aboutissants (d'une situation)

6 in all adverb

en tout;

∎ there are 30 in all il y en a 30 en tout

7 in between

1 adverb

(a) (in intermediate position)

∎ a row of bushes with little clumps of flowers in between une rangée d'arbustes séparés par des petites touffes de fleurs;

∎ he's neither right nor left but somewhere in between il n'est ni de droite ni de gauche mais quelque part entre les deux;

∎ she either plays very well or very badly, never in between elle joue très bien ou très mal, jamais entre les deux

(b) (in time) entretemps, dans l'intervalle

2 preposition

entre

8 in itself adverb

en soi;

∎ the town is not in itself beautiful but it has style la ville n'est pas belle en soi mais elle a de l'allure;

∎ this was in itself an achievement c'était déjà un exploit en soi

9 in that conjunction

puisque;

∎ I'm not badly off in that I have a job and a flat but... je ne peux pas me plaindre puisque j'ai un emploi et un appartement mais...;

∎ we are lucky in that there are only a few of us nous avons de la chance d'être si peu nombreux

►► Computing in box (for e-mail) boîte f de réception, corbeille f d'arrivée

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > in
14 shoulder

['ʃəuldə] 1. noun
1) (the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm: He was carrying the child on his shoulders.) épaule

2) (anything that resembles a shoulder: the shoulder of the hill.) épaulement

3) (the part of a garment that covers the shoulder: the shoulder of a coat.) épaule

4) (the upper part of the foreleg of an animal.) épaule
2. verb
1) (to lift on to the shoulder: He shouldered his pack and set off on his walk.) charger sur son épaule

2) (to bear the full weight of: He must shoulder his responsibilities.) endosser

3) (to make (one's way) by pushing with the shoulder: He shouldered his way through the crowd.) se frayer un chemin à coups d'épaules

•

- shoulder-blade
- put one's shoulder to the wheel - shoulder to shoulder

English-French dictionary > shoulder
15 stomach

noun

1) (the bag-like organ in the body into which food passes when swallowed, and where most of it is digested.) estomac

2) (the part of the body between the chest and thighs; the belly: a pain in the stomach.) ventre

•

- stomach-ache

English-French dictionary > stomach
16 transplant

1. verb
1) (to remove (an organ of the body) and put it into another person or animal: Doctors are able to transplant kidneys.) transplanter, greffer

2) (to remove (skin) and put it on another part of the body.) transplanter, greffer

3) (to plant in another place: We transplanted the rose-bush (into the back garden).) transplanter
2. noun
1) (an operation in which an organ or skin is transplanted: He had to have a kidney transplant.) transplantation, greffe

2) (an organ, skin, or a plant that is transplanted: The transplant was rejected by the surrounding tissue.) transplant, greffon

English-French dictionary > transplant
17 side

1. noun
1) ((the ground beside) an edge, border or boundary line: He walked round the side of the field; He lives on the same side of the street as me.) côté

2) (a surface of something: A cube has six sides.) côté

3) (one of the two of such surfaces which are not the top, bottom, front, or back: There is a label on the side of the box.) côté

4) (either surface of a piece of paper, cloth etc: Don't waste paper - write on both sides!) côté

5) (the right or left part of the body: I've got a pain in my side.) côté

6) (a part or division of a town etc: He lives on the north side of the town.) partie

7) (a slope (of a hill): a mountain-side.) versant

8) (a point of view; an aspect: We must look at all sides of the problem.) aspect, point de vue

9) (a party, team etc which is opposing another: Whose side are you on?; Which side is winning?) côté
2. adjective
(additional, but less important: a side issue.) secondaire

- - side
- - sided - sidelong - sideways - sideburns - side effect - sidelight - sideline - sidelines - side road - sidestep - side-street - sidetrack - sidewalk - from all sides - on all sides - side by side - side with - take sides

English-French dictionary > side
18 sting

1. [stiŋ] noun
1) (a part of some plants, insects etc, eg nettles and wasps, that can prick and inject an irritating or poisonous fluid into the wound.) piquant, dard

2) (an act of piercing with this part: Some spiders give a poisonous sting.) piqûre

3) (the wound, swelling, or pain caused by this: You can soothe a wasp sting by putting vinegar on it.) piqûre
2. verb
1) (to wound or hurt by means of a sting: The child was badly stung by nettles/mosquitoes; Do those insects sting?) piquer

2) ((of a wound, or a part of the body) to smart or be painful: The salt water made his eyes sting.) brûler

English-French dictionary > sting
19 bottom

['botəm]
noun

1) (the lowest part of anything: the bottom of the sea.) fond

2) (the part of the body on which a person sits.) derrière

•

- bottomless
- be at the bottom of - get to the bottom of

English-French dictionary > bottom
20 gland

[ɡlænd]
noun

(a part of the body that takes substances from the blood and stores them for use or in order that the body may get rid of them: a sweat gland; He has swollen glands in his neck.) glande

- glandular

English-French dictionary > gland

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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part+of+the+body

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