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1 optical maser light
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > optical maser light
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2 optical maser radiation weapon
Military: OMRWУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > optical maser radiation weapon
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3 optical maser system
Military: OMSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > optical maser system
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4 solid-state optical maser
Military: SSOMУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > solid-state optical maser
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5 traveling-wave optical maser
Engineering: TWOMУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > traveling-wave optical maser
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6 scattered optical maser light
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > scattered optical maser light
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7 maser optyczny o fali bieżącej
• traveling wave optical maserSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > maser optyczny o fali bieżącej
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8 optik maser
optical maser -
9 kontinuierlicher optischer Maser
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > kontinuierlicher optischer Maser
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10 optischer Maser
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > optischer Maser
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11 Nachrichtenübertragung durch optische Maser
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Nachrichtenübertragung durch optische Maser
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12 оптический мазер
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13 оптический мазер
Русско-английский словарь по солнечной энергии > оптический мазер
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14 оптичен усилвател
optical magnifieroptical magnifiersoptical maser amplifieroptical maser amplifiersБългарски-Angleščina политехнически речник > оптичен усилвател
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15 оптический квантовый генератор
оптический квантовый генератор
Квантовый генератор, дающий когерентное излучение в оптическом диапазоне.
[Сборник рекомендуемых терминов. Выпуск 75. К вантовая электроника. Академия наук СССР. Комитет научно-технической терминологии. 1984 г.]Тематики
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > оптический квантовый генератор
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16 оптический мазер
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > оптический мазер
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17 оптический мазер
Русско-английский словарь по информационным технологиям > оптический мазер
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18 лазерен ефект
optical maser actionoptical maser actions -
19 Townes, Charles Hard
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 28 July 1915 Greenville, South Carolina, USA[br]American physicist who developed the maser and contributed to the development of the laser.[br]Charles H.Townes entered Furman University, Greenville, at the early age of 16 and in 1935 obtained a BA in modern languages and a BS in physics. After a year of postgraduate study at Duke University, he received a master's degree in physics in 1936. He then went on to the California Institute of Technology, where he obtained a PhD in 1939. From 1939 to 1947 he worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, mainly on airborne radar, although he also did some work on radio astronomy. In 1948 he joined Columbia University as Associate Professor of Physics and in 1950 was appointed a full professor. He was Director of the University's Radiation Laboratory from 1950 to 1952, and from 1952 to 1955 he was Chairman of the Physics Department.To meet the need for an oscillator generating very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation, Townes in 1951 realized that use could be made of the different natural energy levels of atoms and molecules. The practical application of this idea was achieved in his laboratory in 1953 using ammonia gas to make the device known as a maser (an acronym of microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). The maser was developed in the next few years and in 1958, in a joint paper with his brother-in-law Arthur L. Schawlow, Townes suggested the possibility of a further development into optical frequencies or an optical maser, later known as a laser (an acronym of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). Two years later the first such device was made by Theodore H. Maiman.In 1959 Townes was given leave from Columbia University to serve as Vice-President and Director of Research at the Institute for Defense Analyses until 1961. He was then appointed Provost and Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1967 he became University Professor of Physics at the University of California, where he has extended his research interests in the field of microwave and infra-red astronomy. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Astronomical Society.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1964. Foreign Member, Royal Society of London. President, American Physical Society 1967. Townes has received many awards from American and other scientific societies and institutions and honorary degrees from more than twenty universities.BibliographyTownes is the author of many scientific papers and, with Arthur L.Schawlow, ofMicrowave Spectroscopy (1955).1980, entry, McGraw-Hill Modern Scientists and Engineers, Part 3, New York, pp. 227– 8 (autobiography).1991, entry, The Nobel Century, London, p. 106 (autobiography).Further ReadingT.Wasson (ed.), 1987, Nobel Prize Winners, New York, pp. 1,071–3 (contains a short biography).RTS -
20 Schawlow, Arthur Leonard
[br]b. 5 May 1921 Mount Vernon, New York, USA[br]American physicist involved in laser-spectroscopy research.[br]When Arthur L.Schawlow was 3 years old his family moved to Canada: it was in Toronto that he received his education, graduating from the University of Toronto with a BA in physics in 1941. He was awarded an MA in 1942, taught classes for military personnel at the University until 1944 and worked for a year on radar equipment. He returned to the University of Toronto in 1945 to carry out research on optical spectroscopy and received his PhD in 1949. From 1949 to 1951 he held a postgraduate fellowship at Columbia University, where he worked with Charles H. Townes on microwave spectroscopy. From 1951 to 1961 he was a research physicist at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, working mainly on superconductivity, but he maintained his association with Townes, who had pioneered the maser (an acronym of microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). In a paper published in Physical Review in December 1958, Townes and Schawlow suggested the possibility of a development into optical frequencies or an optical maser, later known as a laser (an acronym of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). In 1960 the first such device was made by Theodore H. Maiman. In 1960 Schawlow returned to Columbia University as a visiting professor and in the following year was appointed Professor of Physics at Stanford University, where he continued his researches in laser spectroscopy. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Physical Society, the Optical Society of America and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1981. Franklin Institute Stuart Ballantine Medal 1962. Institute of Physics of London Thomas Young Medal and Prize 1963. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Morris N.Liebmann Memorial Prize 1964. Optical Society of America Frederick Ives Medal 1976. Honorary degrees from the State University of Ghent, the University of Bradford and the University of Toronto.BibliographySchawlow is the author of many scientific papers and, with Charles H.Townes, ofMicrowave Spectroscopy (1955).Further ReadingT.Wasson (ed.), 1987, Nobel Prize Winners, New York, pp. 930–3 (contains a short biography).RTSBiographical history of technology > Schawlow, Arthur Leonard
См. также в других словарях:
optical maser — n LASER … Medical dictionary
optical maser — noun an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; an optical device that produces an intense monochromatic beam of coherent light • Syn: ↑laser • Hypernyms: ↑optical device • Part Holonyms: ↑photocoagulator * * * noun … Useful english dictionary
optical maser — laser laser n. [acronym from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation: ca. 1955.] A device which produces an intense, usually narrow, monochromatic beam of coherent light; called also {optical maser}. It has various forms, and is… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
optical maser — lazeris statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. laser; light amplifier; optical maser vok. Laser, m; Lichtverstärker, m rus. лазер, m pranc. amplificateur de lumière, m; laser, m; maser optique, m … Automatikos terminų žodynas
optical maser — Physics. laser. * * * … Universalium
optical maser — op′tical ma′ser n. phs laser … From formal English to slang
optical maser — /ɒptɪkəl ˈmeɪzə/ (say optikuhl mayzuh) noun → laser …
Maser — For other uses, see Maser (disambiguation). A hydrogen radio frequency discharge, the first element inside a hydrogen maser (see description below) A maser is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves through amplification by… … Wikipedia
maser optique — lazeris statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. laser; light amplifier; optical maser vok. Laser, m; Lichtverstärker, m rus. лазер, m pranc. amplificateur de lumière, m; laser, m; maser optique, m … Automatikos terminų žodynas
optical device — noun a device for producing or controlling light • Hypernyms: ↑device • Hyponyms: ↑autofocus, ↑biprism, ↑camera lucida, ↑coelostat, ↑collimator, ↑diffraction grating, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
Optical computing — Today s computers use the movement of electrons in and out of transistors to do logic. Optical or Photonic computing is intended to use photons or light particles, produced by lasers or diodes, in place of electrons. Compared to electrons,… … Wikipedia