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oppressive

  • 1 gravis

        gravis e, adj. with comp. gravior, and sup. gravissimus    [2 GAR-], heavy, weighty, ponderous, burdensome, loaded, laden, burdened: gravi onere armorum oppressi, Cs.: corpus: Ipse gravis graviter Concidit, V.: bullae aureae: navigia, Cs.: agmen, L.: gravius dorso subiit onus, H.: robur aratri, V.: tellus, V.: naves spoliis graves, L.: aere dextra, V.: imbre nubes, L.—After the as was reduced in weight: aes grave, heavy money, money of the old standard (a full pound in each as), L. — With young, pregnant: sacerdos Marte, V.: uterus, O.—Of sound, deep, grave, low, bass: sonus, H.: gravissimus sonus: sonus auditur gravior, V.: fragor, O.—Of smell or flavor, strong, unpleasant, offensive: hircus in alis, rank, H.: ellebori, V.: odor caeni, V.: sentina, Iu.— Burdening, oppressive, serious, gross, indigestible, unwholesome, noxious, severe, sick: cibus: cantantibus umbra, V.: anni tempore gravissimo, season: autumnus in Apuliā, Cs.: virus, H.: tempus, weather, L.: graviore tempore anni acto, season, L.: morbo gravis, sick, V.: aetate et viribus gravior, L.: vino, O.: spiritus gemitu, difficult, V.: oculi, heavy, V.—Fig., hard to bear, heavy, burdensome, oppressive, troublesome, grievous, painful, hard, harsh, severe, disagreeable, unpleasant: paupertas, T.: labores: gravissima hiemps, Cs.: volnus: numquam tibi senectutem gravem esse: Appia (via) tardis, H.: miserior graviorque fortuna, Cs.: Principum amicitiae, oppressive, H.: si tibi grave non erit, a trouble: in Caesarem contiones, hostile, Cs.: verbum gravius: ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret, Cs.: gravius est verberari quam necari, S.: edictum, L.: graviora (pericula), more serious, V.: quo inprovisus gravior accederet, more formidable, S.: adversarius imperi.—As subst n.: O passi graviora, greater hardships, V.—Of things, strong, weighty, important, grave, influential: inperium gravius, T.: quae mihi ad spem obtinendae veritatis gravissima sunt: gravissima caerimonia, most solemn, Cs.: nihil sibi gravius esse faciendum, quam ut, etc.: exemplum, H.: gravissima civitas.—Of character, of weight, of authority, eminent, venerable, great: animus natu gravior, T.: auctoritate graviores: omnes gravioris aetatis, more settled, Cs.: homo, sober: gravis Entellum dictis castigat (i. e. graviter), V.
    * * *
    grave, gravior -or -us, gravissimus -a -um ADJ
    heavy; painful; important; serious; pregnant; grave, oppressive, burdensome

    Latin-English dictionary > gravis

  • 2 onerōsus

        onerōsus adj. with comp.    [onus], burdensome, heavy, oppressive: praeda, V.: aër est onerosior igni, O.—Fig.: onerosior sors, wearisome, O.
    * * *
    onerosa, onerosum ADJ
    oppressive; burdensome; onerous

    Latin-English dictionary > onerōsus

  • 3 injustum

    I.
    In gen., unsuitable, oppressive, excessive (rare):

    onus ( = immodicum),

    Cic. Or. 10, 35:

    faenus,

    Liv. 42, 5:

    injustis collatum viribus hostem,

    unequal, Stat. Th. 6, 774.—
    II.
    In partic., unjust, wrongful:

    vir maleficus naturā et injustus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Fl. 38, 97:

    noverca,

    harsh, severe, Verg. E. 3, 33:

    homine imperito numquam quidquam injustius,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 18:

    emori, ne aliquid faciat injustum,

    Lact. 5, 13, 15:

    Samnites Sidicinis injusta arma cum intulissent,

    Liv. 7, 29, 4:

    injusto carpere dente,

    with envious, malicious tooth, Ov. P. 3, 4, 73:

    mare,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 12:

    iracundia,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 203:

    id quam injustum in patriam... esset, non videbat,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 82:

    injustissima atque acerbissima incommoda,

    id. Fam. 5, 17, 1:

    injustaque regna tenebat,

    unjustly gotten, Ov. M. 5, 277.— Subst.: injustum, i, n., injustice:

    jura inventa metu injusti fateare necesse est,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 111. — Adv.: injustē.
    1.
    In gen., i. q. injuriā, wrongfully, unfairly:

    morbus non injuste terret,

    not without cause, Cels. 7, 3.—
    2.
    In partic., unjustly:

    imperare alicui,

    Plaut. Capt 2, 2, 58: in aliquem dicere, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 59:

    facis injuste si putas, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 7, 23; 3, 21, 84 al.:

    male et injuste facere,

    Nep. Them. 7 fin. — Sup.:

    injustissime,

    Sall. J. 85, 43.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > injustum

  • 4 injustus

    I.
    In gen., unsuitable, oppressive, excessive (rare):

    onus ( = immodicum),

    Cic. Or. 10, 35:

    faenus,

    Liv. 42, 5:

    injustis collatum viribus hostem,

    unequal, Stat. Th. 6, 774.—
    II.
    In partic., unjust, wrongful:

    vir maleficus naturā et injustus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Fl. 38, 97:

    noverca,

    harsh, severe, Verg. E. 3, 33:

    homine imperito numquam quidquam injustius,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 18:

    emori, ne aliquid faciat injustum,

    Lact. 5, 13, 15:

    Samnites Sidicinis injusta arma cum intulissent,

    Liv. 7, 29, 4:

    injusto carpere dente,

    with envious, malicious tooth, Ov. P. 3, 4, 73:

    mare,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 12:

    iracundia,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 203:

    id quam injustum in patriam... esset, non videbat,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 82:

    injustissima atque acerbissima incommoda,

    id. Fam. 5, 17, 1:

    injustaque regna tenebat,

    unjustly gotten, Ov. M. 5, 277.— Subst.: injustum, i, n., injustice:

    jura inventa metu injusti fateare necesse est,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 111. — Adv.: injustē.
    1.
    In gen., i. q. injuriā, wrongfully, unfairly:

    morbus non injuste terret,

    not without cause, Cels. 7, 3.—
    2.
    In partic., unjustly:

    imperare alicui,

    Plaut. Capt 2, 2, 58: in aliquem dicere, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 59:

    facis injuste si putas, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 7, 23; 3, 21, 84 al.:

    male et injuste facere,

    Nep. Them. 7 fin. — Sup.:

    injustissime,

    Sall. J. 85, 43.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > injustus

  • 5 acerbus

        acerbus adj. with comp. and sup.    [2 AC-].—In taste, harsh, bitter, unripe: uva, Ph. — Meton., to the senses, harsh, sharp, bitter: frigus, H.: recitator, of harsh voice, H. — Neut. plur. As adv.: acerba sonans, V. — Fig., of character and conduct, rough, harsh, violent, rigorous, crabbed, severe, repulsive, hard, morose: acerbus odistis et fugis, H.: occupat speciem taciturnus acerbi, morose, H.: convicium, Ph. — Neut. plur. As adv.: acerba fremens, chafing with rage, V. — Of things, events, etc., premature, crude, unripe: virginis aures, O.: funus, V.: mors, O. — Grievous, bitter, severe, oppressive, burdensome, distressing: dilectus, a rigid conscription, L.: acerba fata Romanos agunt, H.: volnus, V.: imperium acerbius, N.: luctus: mors acerbissima.— Subst: quidquid acerbi est, all the bitterness (of death), V.: tot acerba, V.
    * * *
    acerba -um, acerbior -or -us, acerbissimus -a -um ADJ
    harsh, strident, bitter, sour; unripe, green, unfinished; grievous; gloomy

    Latin-English dictionary > acerbus

  • 6 acūtus

        acūtus adj. with comp. and sup.    [P. of acuo], sharpened, pointed, sharp, cutting: sudes, Cs.: ferrum, H.: aures, pointed, H.: acuta leto Saxa (i. e. ad letum dandum), H.—Fig., to the senses, sharp, pungent, shrill: sonus acutissimus, highest treble: aera, shrill, H.: stridor, H.: sol, oppressive, H.: morbus, violent, H. — Subst: acuta belli, violent calamities, H.— Adv: resonare acutum, shrilly, H. —Of the senses, keen, sharp: oculi: nares, i. e. rigid censoriousness, H.—Of the mind, keen, acute, discerning, penetrating, intelligent, sagacious, cunning: si qui acutiores in contione steterunt: hominum genus: studia, i. e. requiring a keen mind: homo ad fraudem, N.— Adv: acutum cernis, keenly, H.
    * * *
    I
    acuta -um, acutior -or -us, acutissimus -a -um ADJ
    sharp, sharpened, pointed/tapering; severe; glaring; acute, wise; high-pitched
    II
    acuta, acutum ADJ
    of small radius; acute (angle)

    Latin-English dictionary > acūtus

  • 7 dūrus

        dūrus adj.    with comp. and sup, hard (to the touch): silex, V.: ferrum, H.: bipennes, H.: cutis, O.: corpus, impenetrable, O.: dumeta, i. e. rough, O.: gallina, tough, H.—As subst n.: nil extra est in nuce duri, no shell, H.—Hard, harsh, of a taste: sapor Bacchi, V. — Of a sound, C. — Fig., rough, rude, uncultivated: oratione et moribus: poëta durissimus: durior ad haec studia: virtus, Ta.: gens duro robore nata, V.: componere versūs, H. — Hardy, vigorous, rough: Spartiatae: in armis genus, L.: vindemiator, H.: ilia messorum, H.: iuvenci, O. — Harsh, rough, stern, unyielding, unfeeling, pitiless, insensible, obstinate: pater, T.: se durum agrestemque praebere: durior Diogenes: iudex durior: duri hominis vel potius vix hominis videtur: nos dura aetas, H.: ōs, shameless, impudent, T.: ore durissimo esse: ferrum, cruel, V.: aures, V.: flectere (me) Mollibus Iam durum imperiis, H.—Of things, hard, severe, toilsome, oppressive, distressing, burdensome, adverse: provincia, T.: fortuna: hiemps: venatus, O.: durissimo tempore anni, inclement, Cs.: valetudo, H.: dolores, V.: iter, V.: proelia, V.: Durum: sed levius fit patientiā, etc., H.: hi, si quid erat durius, concurrebant, a difficulty, Cs.: si nihil esset durius, Cs.— Plur n. as subst, hardships, difficulties: Siccis omnia dura deus proposuit, H.: multa, V.: ego dura tuli, O.
    * * *
    dura -um, durior -or -us, durissimus -a -um ADJ
    hard, stern; harsh, rough, vigorous; cruel, unfeeling, inflexible; durable

    Latin-English dictionary > dūrus

  • 8 in-gravēscō

        in-gravēscō —, —, ere, inch.    [ingravo], to grow burdensome, be wearied: corpora exercitationum defatigatione ingravescunt.—To increase, be aggravated, grow worse: morbus ingravescens: ingravescens aetas: in dies, becomes oppressive: annona ingravescere consuevit, to grow dearer, Cs.— To grow in importance: hoc studium cottidie ingravescit, becomes more engrossing.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-gravēscō

  • 9 inīquus

        inīquus adj. with comp. and sup.    [2 in+ aequus], uneven, slanting, steep: puppis dorso dum pendet iniquo, V.: subire iniquo ascensu, L.: locus iniquor, Cs.: mons, O.—Unequal, ill-matched: pugna, V.— Excessive: onus, L.: iniquo pondere rastri, V.: sol, oppressive, V.—Deficient, inadequate: spatium, too narrow, V.: ventres modio castigare iniquo, with short measure, Iu.—Unfavorable, disadvantageous, dangerous: iniquissimus locus, Cs.: litus, H.: tempus, L.—Hurtful, injurious, unfortunate: consilia cum patriae tum sibi capere, N.: casus, misfortune, V.—Unfair, unjust: patres in adulescentīs iudices, T.: quid hoc iniquius dici potest: pax, V.: lex, H.: quis iniquae Tam patiens urbis, ut, etc., Iu.—As subst n.: num iniquom postulo? T.: iusto secernere iniquum, H.—Inimical, hostile, adverse, unkind: quae nunc in me iniquast, T.: caelestes, O.: te animo iniquissimo intueri: iniquissimis verbis conflictari: fata deūm, V.: se fati dixit iniqui, child of misfortune, O.: homines omnibus: vitiis, H.—As subst m., an enemy, foe: nonnulli nostri iniqui: omnibus iniquissimis meis. —Unwilling, impatient, discontented: istuc tam iniquo pati animo, T.: iniquissimo animo mori: iniquae mentis asellus, H.
    * * *
    iniqua -um, iniquior -or -us, iniquissimus -a -um ADJ
    unjust, unfair; disadvantageous, uneven; unkind, hostile

    Latin-English dictionary > inīquus

  • 10 in-iūstus

        in-iūstus adj.    with comp. and sup, unreasonable, unsuitable, oppressive, excessive, improper, severe, burdensome: iusta iniusta omnia obsequi, humor you in everything, T.: onus: fascis, V.: supplicia, S.: faenus, L.—Unjust, wrongful: noli tam esse iniustus: noverca, V.: arma, L.: iniusto carpere dente, envious, O.: quid autem hoc iniustius quam, etc.: rogatio iniustissima: iniustaque regna tenebat, usurped, O.—As subst n.: Iura inventa metu iniusti, injustice, H.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-iūstus

  • 11 plumbeus

        plumbeus adj.    [plumbum], of lead, leaden: glans, O.— Leaden, blunt, dull: gladius.— Leaden, heavy, oppressive, burdensome: Auster, H.—Fig., leaden, dull, stupid, stolid: asinus, plumbeus, T.: in physicis.
    * * *
    plumbea, plumbeum ADJ
    leaden; blunt, dull; heavy; stupid; lead-colored (Cal)

    Latin-English dictionary > plumbeus

  • 12 plūrimus

        plūrimus adj. sup.    [plus], most, very much, very many: placere bonis Quam plurimis, T.: huius sunt plurima simulacra, Cs.: partes: qui (collis) plurimus Inminet, in great mass, V.: tua plurima pietas, very great, V.: medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat, most oppressive, O.: plurima quā silva est, thickest, O.: per laborem Plurimum, severe, H.— Collect.: plurimus in Iunonis honore dicet, many a one, H.: oleaster, V.: Cicero S. D. P. Dolabellae (i. e. salutem dicit plurimam): Atticae plurimam salutem, my best love to, etc.—As subst n.: ut haberet quam plurimum, as much as possible: ut in quoquo oratore plurimum esset: quem unum plurimi fecerat, esteemed above all, N.: gravitatis plurimum.
    * * *
    I
    plurima, plurimum ADJ
    most, greatest number/amount; very many; most frequent; highest price/value
    II
    very many, many a one; the most people, very many/great number of people

    Latin-English dictionary > plūrimus

  • 13 protervus

        protervus adj.    [pro+1 TER], pressing forward, violent, vehement: venti, H.: stella canis, oppressive, O.—Fig., forward, bold, pert, wanton, shameless, impudent: homo: dictum aut factum: vidua: iuvenes, H.: oculi, O.: Musa, O.
    * * *
    proterva, protervum ADJ
    violent, reckless; impudent, shameless

    Latin-English dictionary > protervus

  • 14 sevērus

        sevērus adj. with comp. and sup.    [SEV-].—Of persons, serious, sober, grave, strict, austere, stern, severe: civis severus et gravis: omnium severissimus: Cures, V.: adimam cantare severis, H.: legis custodes: severissimi iudices: severum decent, seria dictu, H.—Of things, sober, grave, serious, severe, austere, disagreeable, oppressive: voltus severior: frons, O.: Falernum, tart, H.: disciplina: genus dicendi: fidibus voces crevere severis, H. — Harsh, rough, crabbed, rigid, severe, stern: imperia severiora: lex, O.: severissimi imperi vir, L.: paulo severior poena, S.: acerbe in filium.— Severe, dreadful, gloomy: Uncus, H.: amnis Cocyti, V.: turba Eumenidum, Pr.
    * * *
    severa -um, severior -or -us, severissimus -a -um ADJ
    stern, strict, severe; grave, austere; weighty, serious; unadorned, plain

    Latin-English dictionary > sevērus

  • 15 tyrannis

        tyrannis idis, acc. idem or ida, f, τυραννίσ, the sway of a tyrant, arbitrary power, despotic rule, tyranny: vivit tyrannis, tyrannus occidit: tyrannidem occupare: odio tyrannidis exsul Sponte erat, O.: saeva Neronis, Iu.—A country ruled by a tyrant: tyrannidem tuam exhaurire, L.
    * * *
    tyranny; position/rule/territory of a tyrant; any cruel/oppressive regime

    Latin-English dictionary > tyrannis

  • 16 cervix

    cervix, īcis ( gen. plur. cervicum, Cic. Or. 18, 59; Plin. 23, 2, 33, § 68: cervicium, acc. to Charis. p. 100), f. [cer-vix; cf. Sanscr. s)iras, caput, and vincio, Bopp, Gloss. 348 b], the neck, including the back of the neck, the nape (in ante-Aug. prose usu. in plur.; so always in Cic. and Sall.; acc. to Varr. L. L. 8, § 14; 10, § 78 Müll.; and Quint. 8, 3, 35, Hortensius first used the sing.; it is, however, found even in Ennius and Pacuvius; v. the foll.).
    1.
    Sing.: caput a cervice revolsum, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 396: quadrupes capite brevi, cervice anguinā, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133; Lucr. 1, 36; 6, 745; * Cat. 62, 83; * Tib. 3, 4, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 17, 31; Verg. G. 3, 52; 3, 524; 4, 523; id. A. 1, 402; 2, 707; 10, 137; Hor. C. 1, 13, 2; 2, 5, 2; Liv. 8, 7, 21; 22, 51, 7 Fabri ad loc.; 26, 13, 18; 27, 49, 1; 31, 34, 4; 35, 11, 8; Vell. 2, 4, 5; Hortens. ap. Varr. l. l., and Quint. l. l.; id. 1, 11, 9; 11, 3, 82; 11, 3, 83; 4, 2, 39 Spald.; Plin. 11, 37, 67, § 177.—
    2.
    Plur.:

    eversae cervices tuae,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 131 (cf. versa, Ov. H. 16, 231):

    ut gladius impenderet illius beati cervicibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. N. D. 1, 35, 99; 2, 63, 159:

    aliquo praesidio caput et cervices et jugulum tutari,

    id. Sest. 42, 90:

    frangere,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 110; 2, 5, 57, § 147; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5; Hor. C. 2, 13, 6:

    cervices crassae longae,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 8; 2, 9, 4:

    altae,

    Verg. A. 2, 219:

    tumor cervicum,

    Plin. 23, 2, 33, § 68; Suet. Galb. 11; id. Vit. 17.—Esp. in several proverbial expressions, as the vital part of a person:

    cervices securi subicere,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 51; cf.:

    offerre cervicem percussoribus,

    Tac. A. 1, 53:

    cervices Roscio dare,

    i. e. to the executioner, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

    praebere cervicem gladio,

    Juv. 10, 345. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (The figure taken from bearing the yoke; cf. Liv. 9, 6, 12.) Imposuistis in cervicibus nostris sempiternum dominum, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54; cf. Liv. 42, 50, 6: qui suis cervicibus tanta munia atque rem publicam sustinent, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 108; id. Mil. 28, 77. —Hence, of any great burden or danger:

    dandae cervice erant crudelitati nefariae,

    to submit to, Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 42:

    a cervicibus nostris avertere Antonium,

    id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 15, 7; id. Phil. 3, 4, 8:

    non facile hanc tantam molem mali a cervicibus vestris depulissem,

    id. Cat. 3, 7, 17:

    legiones in cervicibus nostris conlocare,

    id. Fam. 12, 23, 2:

    in cervicibus alicujus esse, of too great or dangerous proximity: cum in cervicibus sumus (opp. cum procul abessemus),

    Liv. 44, 39, 7: etsi bellum ingens in cervicibus erat, on hand, as an oppressive burden, id. 22, 33, 6:

    sed nec Romani, tametsi Poeni et Hannibal in cervicibus erant,

    Just. 29, 4, 7; cf.:

    rex ratus eam urbem... suis inpositam esse cervicibus,

    Curt. 7, 7, 1.—
    2.
    For boldness:

    qui tantis erunt cervicibus recuperatores, qui audeant, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 59, § 135.—
    II.
    Transf., of things, the neck:

    amphorae,

    Petr. 34, 6; Mart. 12, 32:

    fistularum,

    Vitr. 10, 13:

    cupressi,

    Stat. Th. 6, 855; cf. Col. 4, 7, 3:

    Peloponnesi, i.e. Isthmus,

    Plin. 4, 3, 4, § 8; cf. id. 6, 29, 34, § 170.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cervix

  • 17 dolor

    dŏlor, ōris, m. [doleo], pain, smart, ache (freq. and class.; for syn. cf.: aegrimonia, maeror, maestitia, luctus, plangor, tristitia, angor, anxietas, cura, sollicitudo).
    I.
    Corporeal:

    dolor est motus asper in corpore, alienus a sensibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 15: dolores atque carnificinas facere, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

    corporis,

    Lucr. 4, 1075:

    capitis,

    id. 6, 785:

    dentium, oculorum,

    id. 6, 660:

    pedum,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 130:

    articulorum,

    id. Att. 1, 5 fin.:

    laterum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 32 et saep.—Of the pangs of childbirth, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 33; id. Cist. 1, 2, 22:

    utero exorti dolores,

    id. Am. 5, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. 48; 3, 1, 19; id. Truc. 4, 3, 33 (with labor); Ter. And. 1, 5, 33 (with laborare); id. Ad. 3, 1, 2 al.—Comic., of the gripings in the stomach of a hungry person, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 11.—
    II.
    Mental, as a general designation of every painful, oppressive feeling, pain, distress, grief, tribulation, affliction, sorrow, anguish, trouble, vexation, mortification, chagrin, etc. (syn. luctus):

    dolor (est) aegritudo crucians,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

    si cadit in sapientem animi dolor,

    id. Lael. 13, 48:

    quanta est cura in animo, quantum corde capio dolorem,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 5;

    so with cura,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2:

    in labore atque in dolore,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 20:

    majorem laetitiam ex desiderio bonorum percepimus, quam ex laetitia improborum dolorem,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4; cf.

    opp. laetatio,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 52 fin.:

    te dolorem, quem acceperis cum summi viri tum amicissimi morte, ferre moderate,

    Cic. Lael. 2, 8; cf. id. de Or. 2, 48 fin.; and:

    magno esse Germanis dolori Ariovisti mortem,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 3; cf. also id. ib. 7, 38, 3:

    magnum et acerbum dolorem commovere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21 fin.:

    dolore angi,

    id. Fam. 4, 3; cf. id. Phil. 8, 6, 18. —
    2.
    Esp., indignation, wrath, animosity, anger, resentment:

    sed ego in hac sententia dicenda non parebo dolori meo, non iracundiae serviam,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 2; cf. id. ib. 18, 44:

    et rei publicae injuriam et suum dolorem condonare,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 5:

    qui accipit injuriam, et meminit et prae se fert dolorem suum,

    Cic. Off. 2, 22 fin.:

    magno dolore affici,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 4 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 33, 1; cf.

    also: in eas (naves) indiligentiae suae ac doloris iracundia erupit,

    id. ib. 3, 8, 3:

    quis indomitas tantus dolor excitat iras?

    Verg. A. 2, 594; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 60; id. Epod. 15, 15:

    amator agit ubi secum, Accedam? an potius mediter finire dolores,

    the torments of love, id. S. 2, 3, 263; cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 519; Prop. 1, 13, 9; 3, 20, 27 (4, 20, 17 M.) et saep.:

    Catonem veteres inimicitiae Caesaris incitant et dolor repulsae,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 4, 2; so,

    repulsae,

    Ov. M. 3, 395:

    injuriae,

    Liv. 1, 40:

    ignominiae,

    Suet. Vesp, 8:

    conjugis amissae,

    Ov. M. 7, 688 et saep.:

    justus mihi dolor etiam adversus deos esset, quod, etc.,

    Tac. A. 2, 71.—Prov.:

    dolorem longa consumit dies,

    Sen. ad Marc. 8; cf.:

    dolor decrescit, ubi quo crescat non habet,

    Pub. Syr. 129 (Rib.).—
    3.
    Terror, Amm. 14, 2, 15.—
    B.
    Meton.
    1.
    A grief, i. e. an object or cause of grief:

    illa (potest) etiam duris mentibus esse dolor,

    Prop. 1, 14, 18; Ov. P. 3, 3, 73.—
    2.
    In rhet. lang. for the Gr. pathos, passionate, warm expression; pathos, Cic. de Or. 3, 25; id. Brut. 24, 93; id. Or. 37, 130; id. de Or. 2, 17 fin.; Quint. 6, 2, 36.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dolor

  • 18 gravabilis

    grăvābĭlis, e, adj. [gravo], oppressive, troublesome (post-class.):

    cibi,

    Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 17:

    vomitus capiti,

    id. ib. 4, 3:

    odor,

    id. Acut. 1, 15, 136.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gravabilis

  • 19 gravis

    grăvis, e, adj. [Sanscr. gurus (root gar-); Gr. barus, heavy; gravis, for gar-uis; cf. also Brutus]. With respect to weight, heavy, weighty, ponderous, burdensome; or pass., loaded, laden, burdened (opp. levis, light; in most of its significations corresp. to the Gr. barus; cf. onerosus, onerarius).
    I.
    Lit. Absol. or with abl.
    1.
    In gen.: imber et ignis, spiritus et gravis terra, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; so,

    tellus,

    Ov. M. 7, 355:

    corpora,

    Lucr. 2, 225 sq.; cf. id. 5, 450 sq.:

    limus,

    id. 5, 496:

    in eo etiam cavillatus est, aestate grave esse aureum amiculum, hieme frigidum,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83:

    navigia,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8, 4; cf.:

    tot ora navium gravi Rostrata duci pondere,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 17:

    cum gravius dorso (aselli) subiit onus,

    id. S. 1, 9, 21:

    sarcina,

    id. Ep. 1, 13, 6: inflexi grave robur aratri, Verg. G. 1, 162:

    cujus (tibicinae) Ad strepitum salias terrae gravis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26: terra, burdened (by the heavy body), Ov. M. 12, 118:

    naves hostilibus spoliis graves,

    heavily laden, Liv. 29, 35, 5; cf.:

    agmen grave praedā,

    id. 21, 5, 8;

    for which also simply: grave agmen,

    id. 31, 39, 2:

    miles,

    heavy-armed, Tac. A. 12, 35:

    gravis aere dextra,

    Verg. E. 1, 36:

    cum fatalis equus saltu super ardua venit Pergama et armatum peditem gravis attulit alvo,

    i. e. filled, full, id. A. 6, 516 (an imitation of Maximo saltu superavit Gravidus armatis equus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; v. gravidus, II. b):

    graves imbre nubes,

    Liv. 28, 15, 11:

    graves fructu vites,

    Quint. 8, 3, 8:

    gravis vinculis,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 10.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    With respect to value or number, heavy, great. So, aes grave, heavy money, money of the oldest standard, in which an as weighed a full pound: grave aes dictum a pondere, quia deni asses, singuli pondo libras, efficiebant denarium, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 98 Müll.:

    et quia nondum argentum signatum erat, aes grave plaustris quidam (ex patribus) ad aerarium convehentes, etc.,

    Liv. 4, 60, 6; 10, 46, 5; 22, 33, 2 et saep.:

    populus Romanus ne argento quidem signato ante Pyrrhum regem devictum usus est: librales appendebantur asses. Quare aeris gravis poena dicta,

    Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42: argentum, i. e. uncoined = rude:

    placet argentum grave rustici patris sine ullo opere et nomine artificis,

    Sen. Tranq. 1, 4:

    notavit aliquos, quod pecunias levioribus usuris mutuati graviore fenore collocassent,

    at a higher rate, Suet. Aug. 39; cf.:

    in graviore annona,

    id. ib. 25: grave pretium, a high price, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 314, 25.—With respect to number: graves pavonum greges, great or numerous flocks, Varr. ap. Non. 314, 31. —
    b.
    For the usual gravidus, with young, pregnant ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    regina sacerdos Marte gravis,

    Verg. A. 1, 274; cf.

    uterus (shortly after: gravidus tumet venter),

    Ov. M. 10, 495:

    balaenae utero graves (shortly before, gravidae),

    Plin. 9, 6, 5, § 13.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of hearing or sound, deep, grave, low, bass (opp. acutus, treble):

    vocem ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. id. ib. 3, 57, 216:

    qui (sonus) acuta cum gravibus temperans, varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,

    id. Rep. 6, 18:

    vox,

    Quint. 11, 3, 17; 42: sonus, 2, 8, 15; 5, 10, 125; 11, 3, 41; Ov. M. 12, 203:

    tenor,

    Quint. 1, 5, 26:

    syllaba,

    i. e. unaccented, id. 1, 5, 22 sq.; 12, 10, 33.—
    2.
    Of smell or flavor, strong, unpleasant, offensive:

    an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis,

    rank, Hor. Epod. 12, 5:

    chelydri,

    Verg. G. 3, 415:

    ellebori,

    id. ib. 3, 451:

    odor calthae,

    strong, Plin. 21, 6, 15, § 28; cf.:

    herba odore suaviter gravi,

    id. 25, 9, 70, § 118; cf.

    117: habrotonum odore jucunde gravi floret,

    id. 21, 10, 34, § 60: absynthium ut bibam gravem, i. e. bitter, Varr. ap. Non. 19, 27, and 314, 14.—
    3.
    Of the state of the body or health, gross, indigestible, unwholesome, noxious, severe; sick:

    (Cleanthes) negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24; so,

    genera cibi graviora,

    Cels. 2, 18:

    gravissima bubula (caro),

    id. ib.:

    pisces gravissimi,

    id. ib.:

    neque ex salubri loco in gravem, neque ex gravi in salubrem transitus satis tutus est,

    id. 1, 3; cf.:

    solum caelumque juxta grave,

    Tac. H. 5, 7:

    solet esse gravis cantantibus umbra,

    Verg. E. 10, 75:

    anni tempore gravissimo et caloribus maximis,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 1; cf.:

    gravis auctumnus in Apulia circumque Brundisium ex saluberrimis Galliae et Hispaniae regionibus, omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:

    grave tempus et forte annus pestilens erat urbi agrisque,

    Liv. 3, 6, 1; cf. also id. 3, 8, 1:

    aestas,

    Verg. G. 2, 377:

    morbo gravis,

    sick, id. ib. 3, 95; cf.:

    gravis vulnere,

    Liv. 21, 48, 4:

    aetate et viribus gravior,

    id. 2, 19, 6:

    gravior de vulnere,

    Val. Fl. 6, 65:

    non insueta graves tentabunt pabula fetas,

    sick, feeble, Verg. E. 1, 50; so absol.:

    aut abit in somnum gravis,

    heavy, languid, Lucr. 3, 1066.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In a bad sense, heavy, burdensome, oppressive, troublesome, grievous, painful, hard, harsh, severe, disagreeable, unpleasant (syn.: molestus, difficilis, arduus): qui labores morte finisset graves, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115:

    quod numquam tibi senectutem gravem esse senserim... quibus nihil est in ipsis opis ad bene beateque vivendum, iis omnis aetas gravis est,

    Cic. de Sen. 2, 4; cf.:

    onus officii,

    id. Rosc. Am. 38, 112; id. Rep. 1, 23:

    et facilior et minus aliis gravis aut molesta vita est otiosorum,

    id. Off. 1, 21, 70; id. Rep. 1, 4:

    miserior graviorque fortuna,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:

    haec si gravia aut acerba videantur, multo illa gravius aestimare debere, etc.,

    id. ib. 7, 14 fin.:

    velim si tibi grave non erit, me certiorem facias,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 73, 2:

    grave est homini pudenti petere aliquid magnum,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 4:

    est in populum Romanum grave, non posse, etc.,

    id. Balb. 7, 24:

    verbum gravius,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

    ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret... quod si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 1 and 4:

    gravissimum supplicium,

    id. ib. 1, 31, 15:

    habemus senatusconsultum in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3:

    edictum,

    Liv. 29, 21, 5:

    gravioribus bellis,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 40:

    gravis esse alicui,

    id. Fam. 13, 76, 2; cf.:

    adversarius imperii,

    id. Off. 3, 22, 86:

    gravior hostis,

    Liv. 10, 18, 6:

    senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant, ne sint iis odiosi et graves,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43:

    gravis popularibus esse coepit,

    Liv. 44, 30, 5.—Prov.:

    gravis malae conscientiae lux est,

    Sen. Ep. 122.—
    B.
    In a good sense, weighty, important, grave; with respect to character, of weight or authority, eminent, venerable, great:

    numquam erit alienis gravis, qui suis se concinnat levem,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

    quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducetur?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

    ea (honestas) certe omni pondere gravior habenda est quam reliqua omnia,

    id. Off. 3, 8, 35; id. Deiot. 2, 5:

    cum gravibus seriisque rebus satisfecerimus,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 103:

    auctoritas clarissimi viri et in rei publicae maximis gravissimisque causis cogniti,

    id. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf. causa, Lucil. ap. Non. 315, 31; Quint. 1, 2, 3; Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 4:

    gravius erit tuum unum verbum ad eam rem, quam centum mea,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 107:

    ut potentia senatus atque auctoritas minueretur: quae tamen gravis et magna remanebat,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 34:

    sententiis non tam gravibus et severis quam concinnis et venustis,

    id. Brut. 95, 325:

    gravior oratio,

    id. de Or. 2, 56, 227:

    nihil sibi gravius esse faciendum, quam ut, etc.,

    id. Clu. 6, 16:

    inceptis gravibus et magna professis,

    Hor. A. P. 14:

    exemplum grave praebet ales, etc.,

    id. C. 4, 11, 26:

    non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloria clariores, aut auctoritate graviores, aut humanitate politiores,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:

    et esse et videri omnium gravissimus et severissimus,

    id. ib. 2, 56, 228:

    homo prudens et gravis,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 38:

    neque oratio abhorrens a persona hominis gravissimi,

    id. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

    auctor,

    id. Pis. 6, 14:

    testis,

    id. Fam. 2, 2:

    non idem apud graves viros, quod leviores (decet),

    Quint. 11, 1, 45:

    vir bonus et gravis,

    id. 11, 3, 184:

    gravissimi sapientiae magistri,

    id. 12, 1, 36:

    tum pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem Conspexere,

    Verg. A. 1, 151:

    gravissima civitas,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 3:

    gravem atque opulentam civitatem vineis et pluteis cepit,

    an important city, Liv. 34, 17, 12.— Hence, adv.: grăvĭter.
    1.
    Weightily, heavily, ponderously (very rare):

    aëra per purum graviter simulacra feruntur,

    Lucr. 4, 302; cf.:

    graviter cadere,

    id. 1, 741; Ov. P. 1, 7, 49.—
    b.
    Transf.
    (α).
    Of tones, deeply:

    natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18; Lucr. 4, 543.—Far more freq.,
    (β).
    Vehemently, strongly, violently:

    graviter crepuerunt fores,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 52; so,

    spirantibus flabris,

    Lucr. 6, 428; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 2:

    pertentat tremor terras,

    Lucr. 6, 287:

    ferire aliquem,

    Verg. A. 12, 295:

    conquassari omnia,

    Lucr. 5, 105; cf.:

    quae gravissime afflictae erant naves,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 31, 2.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Vehemently, violently, deeply, severely; harshly, unpleasantly, disagreeably:

    graviter aegrotare,

    Cic. Off. 1, 10, 32:

    se habere,

    id. Att. 7, 2, 3:

    neque is sum, qui gravissime ex vobis mortis periculo terrear,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 2:

    gravissime dolere,

    id. ib. 5, 54 fin.:

    quem ego amarem graviter,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.: placere occoepit graviter, postquam est mortua, [p. 829] Caecil. ap. Non. 314, 19:

    tibi edepol iratus sum graviter,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 2:

    cives gravissime dissentientes,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 27:

    si me meis civibus injuria suspectum tam graviter atque offensum viderem,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

    graviter angi,

    id. Lael. 3, 10:

    tulit hoc commune dedecus jam familiae graviter filius,

    with chagrin, vexation, id. Clu. 6, 16; cf.:

    graviter et acerbe aliquid ferre,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

    graviter accipere aliquid,

    id. de Or. 2, 52, 211; Tac. A. 13, 36; cf.:

    adolescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 62:

    nolo in illum gravius dicere,

    more harshly, id. Ad. 1, 2, 60; cf.:

    de amplissimis viris gravissime acerbissimeque decernitur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 4; id. B. G. 3, 16, 4; cf.

    also: severe et graviter et prisce agere,

    Cic. Cael. 14, 33:

    ut non gravius accepturi viderentur, si nuntiarentur omnibus eo loco mortem oppetendam esse,

    more sorrowfully, Liv. 9, 4, 6.—
    b.
    In an impressive or dignified manner, impressively, gravely, seriously, with propriety or dignity:

    his de rebus tantis tamque atrocibus neque satis me commode dicere neque satis graviter conqueri neque satis libere vociferari posse intelligo. Nam commoditati ingenium, gravitati aetas, libertati tempora sunt impedimento,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 9:

    (Scipio) utrumque egit graviter,

    with dignity, id. Lael. 21, 77:

    res gestas narrare graviter,

    id. Or. 9, 30; cf.:

    locum graviter et copiose tractare,

    id. Fin. 4, 2, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gravis

  • 20 incubator

    incŭbātor, ōris, m. [id.].
    I.
    One who lies in any place (post-class.): fani, one who sleeps in a temple, Tert. Anim. 49.—
    II.
    An oppressive or unlawful possessor:

    inclementissimus aulae Siculae Dionysius,

    Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 10:

    imperii tyrannus dicitur,

    Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 266.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incubator

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