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1 σημεῖον
σημεῖον, ου, τό (s. prec. entry; Aeschyl., Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX, pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph., apolog.; loanw. in rabb.; Hippol., Ref. 6, 27, 4; Did., Gen. 115, 9 ‘symbol’; gener. ‘sign’)① a sign or distinguishing mark whereby someth. is known, sign, token, indication (Diod S 3, 66, 3=evidences τῆς παρουσίας τοῦ θεοῦ; Cornutus 16 p. 21, 9.—Arrian, Anab. 6, 26, 4 of marks in the landscape showing direction; ParJer 5:11 τὰ ς. τῆς πόλεως; Just., A I, 55, 6 al.; Iren. 1, 14, 8 [Harv. I 143, 10]; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 43, 36 ς. τῆς μετὰ θάνατον ἐπιφανείας αὐτοῦ [sc. Ἰησοῦ]; 2, 59, 6 of the scars of the resurrected Lord τὰ ς. τῆς κολάσεως). τοῦτο ὑμῖν σημεῖον this (will be) a sign for you Lk 2:12 (cp. Is 37:30). ὅ ἐστιν ς. ἐν πάσῃ ἐπιστολῇ this is the mark of genuineness in every letter 2 Th 3:17 (Ps.-Pla., Ep. 13, 360a has at its beginning the words σύμβολον ὅτι παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν). Of a signal previously agreed upon δοῦναί τινι σημεῖον (PFay 128, 7 ἔδωκεν ἡμῖν σημεῖον ‘he gave us a signal’; Jos., Ant. 12, 404) Mt 26:48; 1 Cl 12:7.— A sign of things to come (PsSol 15:9 τὸ … σημεῖον ἀπωλείας ἐπὶ τοῦ μετώπου αὐτῶν; Did., Gen. 191, 6; Philo, Op. M. 58 σημεῖα μελλόντων; Jos., Bell. 6, 285; 296; 297) Mk 13:4; Lk 21:7. The event to be expected is added in the gen. τί τὸ ς. τῆς σῆς παρουσίας; Mt 24:3. τὸ ς. τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου the sign by which one can mark the coming of the Human One (Son of Man) vs. 30 (TGlasson, JTS 15, ’64, 299f [a military metaphor, ‘standard’; cp. Is 18:3; 1QM 3f]). τὰ σημεῖα τῶν καιρῶν the signs of the (end)times (καιρός 3b) Mt 16:3.— A sign of warning (Plut., Caes. 737 [63, 1]; SibOr 3, 457; Mel., P. 14, 90) 1 Cl 11:2. Prob. in like manner αἱ γλῶσσαι εἰς σημεῖόν εἰσιν τοῖς ἀπίστοις the tongues (γλῶσσα 3) serve as a (warning) sign to the unbelievers 1 Cor 14:22. Likew. the sign of Jonah (s. Ἰωνᾶς 1) in Luke: Lk 11:29, 30. Here the Human One is to be a sign to his generation, as Jonah was to the Ninevites; cp. οὗτος κεῖται εἰς σημεῖον ἀντιλεγόμενον (s. ἀντιλέγω 2) 2:34 (cp. Is 11:12).—W-S. §30, 10d.—GRunze, Das Zeichen des Menschensohnes u. der Doppelsinn des Jonazeichens 1897 (against him PSchmiedel, Lit. Centralblatt 48, 1897, 513–15; Runze again, ZWT 41, 1898, 171–85; finally PSchm. ibid. 514–25); PAsmussen, Protestantenblatt 37, 1904, 375–8; STyson, Bibl. World 33,1909, 96–101; CBowen, AJT 20, 1916, 414–21; JMichael, JTS 21, 1920, 146–59; JBonsirven, RSR 24, ’34, 450–55; HGale, JBL 60, ’41, 255–60; PSeidelin, Das Jonaszeichen, StTh 5, ’51, 119–31; AVögtle, Wikenhauser Festschr. ’53, 230–77; OGlombitza, D. Zeichen des Jona, NTS 8, ’62, 359–66.—In the OT circumcision is σημεῖον διαθήκης=a sign or token of belonging to the covenant (Gen 17:11). For Paul this sign becomes a mark, or seal (so σημεῖον: PRev 26, 5 [III B.C.]; PRein 9 introd. [II B.C.]; 35, 3; BGU 1064, 18) σημεῖον ἔλαβεν περιτομῆς σφραγῖδα he got the mark of circumcision as a seal Ro 4:11. In the difficult pass. B 12:5 ἐν σημείῳ is prob. best taken as by a sign; but it is poss. that the text is defective (s. Windisch, Hdb. ad loc.; RKraft, Did. and Barnabas ’65, 119 note: ‘standard, norm’).—τὰ σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου 2 Cor 12:12a belongs rather to the next category; the signs of the (true) apostle (cp. SIG 831, 14 [117 A.D.] ἡγούμην σημεῖα ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν) are, as is shown by the verb κατειργάσθη and what follows, the wonders or miracles performed by him.② an event that is an indication or confirmation of intervention by transcendent powers, miracle, portentⓐ miracleα. a miracle of divine origin, performed by God himself, by Christ, or by men of God (cp. Diod S 5, 70, 4 πολλὰ ς. of the young Zeus; 16, 27, 2 ἐγένετο αὐτῷ σημεῖον ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος; Strabo 16, 2, 35 παρὰ τ. θεοῦ ς.; Appian, Ital. 8 §1 σημείων γενομένων ἐκ Διός, Hann. 56 §233; SIG 709, 25 [c. 107 B.C.] διὰ τῶν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ γενομένων σαμείων; PGM 1, 65; 74; Jos., Ant. 2, 274; 280; Mel., P. 78, 568): Mt 12:38f; 16:1 (ς. ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ), 4; Mk 8:11 (ς. ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, as Synes., Prov. 1, 7; s. OLinton, The Demand for a Sign from Heaven, StTh 19, ’65, 112–29; JGibson, JSNT 38, ’90, 37–66, a phenomenon suggesting divine deliverance), 12; 16:17, 20; Lk 11:16 (ς. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ), 29 (s. 1 above); 23:8; J 2:11, 18, 23; 3:2; 4:54; 6:2, 14, 26, 30; 7:31; 9:16; 10:41; 11:47; 12:18, 37; 20:30 (on σημ. as a designation of Jesus’ miracles in J s. Hdb. on J 2:11 and 6:26; JBernard, ICC John 1929, I introd. 176–86; CBarrett, The Gosp. acc. to St. John, ’55, 62–65); Ac 4:16, 22 (τὸ ς. τῆς ἰάσεως the miracle of healing); 8:6; 1 Cor 1:22; Agr 9. τί εἴδετε σημεῖον ἐπὶ τὸν γεννηθέντα βασιλέα; what kind of sign did you see over the newborn king? GJs 21:2 (codd.). τὸ σημεῖον τὸ ἐνάρετον the marvelous sign AcPl Ha 3,16.—σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα (Polyb. 3, 112, 8 σημείων δὲ καὶ τεράτων πᾶν μὲν ἱερόν, πᾶσα δʼ ἦν οἰκία πλήρης; Plut., Alex. 706 [75, 1 sing.]; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 36 §144 τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα οὐράνια; 4, 4 §14; Aelian, VH 12, 57; Philo, Mos. 1, 95, Aet. M. 2; Jos., Bell. 1, 28, Ant. 20, 168. Oft. in LXX: Ex 7:3; Dt 4:34; 6:22; 7:19 al.; Is 8:18; 20:3; Jer 39:21; Wsd 8:8; 10:16) J 4:48; Ac 2:43; 4:30; 5:12; 6:8; 7:36; 14:3; 15:12; Ro 15:19; Hb 2:4; 1 Cl 51:5; B 4:14; 5:8. δυνάμεις καὶ τέρατα κ. σημεῖα Ac 2:22; 2 Cor 12:12b (SSchreiber, Paulus als Wundertäter: BZNW 79, ’96) σημεῖα καὶ δυνάμεις Ac 8:13.—1 Cl 25:1; 2 Cl 15:4. SMc-Casland, JBL 76, ’57, 149–52; MWhittaker, Studia Evangelica 5, ’68, 155–58.β. worked by Satan or his agents to mislead God’s people (s. Iren. 5, 28, 2 [Harv. V 401, 32]) Rv 13:13f; 16:14; 19:20. σημεῖα κ. τέρατα Mt 24:24; Mk 13:22 (GBeasley-Murray, A Commentary on Mk 13, ’57; EGrässer, D. Problem der Parusie-verzögerung, ’57, 152–70); 2 Th 2:9; D 16:4.ⓑ portent terrifying appearances in the heavens, never before seen, as portents of the last days Lk 21:11, 25 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 4 §14 σημεῖα πολλά around the sun; AscIs 3, 20); Ac 2:19 (cp. Jo 3:3); s. D 16:6. Of that which the seer of the Apocalypse sees ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ Rv 12:1, 3; 15:1. Of the portentous signs in heaven and earth at the death of Jesus GPt 8:28 (cp. Da 6:28 Theod. σημεῖα κ. τέρατα ἐν οὐρανῷ κ. ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς; Diod S 38 + 39 Fgm. 5: at the end of each one of the eight ages ordained by God there is a σημεῖον ἐκ γῆς ἢ οὐρανοῦ θαυμάσιον).—On miracles s. SIG 1168–73; RLembert, Das Wunder bei Römern u. Griechen I 1905; RReitzenstein, Hellenist. Wundererzählungen 1906, OWeinreich, Antike Heilungswunder 1909, Gebet u. Wunder: WSchmid Festschr. 1929, 169ff; PWendland, De Fabellis Antiquis earumque ad Christianos Propagatione 1911; FKutsch, Attische Heilgötter u. Heilheroen 1913; WJayne, The Healing Gods of Ancient Civilizations 1925; RHerzog, D. Wunderheilungen v. Epidaurus ’31; PFiebig, Jüdische Wundergeschichten des ntl. Zeitalters 1911; ASchlatter, Das Wunder in d. Synagoge 1912.—RLehmann, Naturwissenschaft u. bibl. Wunderfrage 1930; GNaumann, Die Wertschätzung des Wunders im NT 1903; GTraub, Das Wunder im NT2 1907; KBeth, Die Wunder Jesu 1908; JThompson, Miracles in the NT 1911; LFonck, Die Wunder des Herrn im Ev.2 1907; LFillion, Les miracles de Jésus-Christ 1909/1910; PDausch, Die Wunder Jesu 1912; SEitrem, Nordisk Tidskrift for Filologie 5, 1919, 30–36; RBultmann, Die Gesch. der synopt. Tradition2 ’31, 223–60; RJelke, Die Wunder Jesu 1922; GShafto, The Wonders of the Kingdom 1924; JBest, The Miracles of Christ in the Light of our Present Day Knowledge ’37; TTorrance, Expository Studies in St. John’s Miracles ’38; ARichardson, The Miracle Stories of the Gospels ’41; AFridrichsen, Le Problème du Miracle dans le Christianisme primitif: Études d’ Hist. et de Phil. rel. XII 1925; HSchlingensiepen, Die Wunder des NT ’33; OPerels, D. Wunderüberlieferung der Synoptiker ’34; PSaintyves, Essais de folklore biblique 1923; GMarquardt, D. Wunderproblem in d. deutschen prot. Theologie der Gegenwart ’33; GDelling, D. Verständnis des Wunders im NT, ZST 24, ’55, 265–80, Zur Beurteilung des Wunders durch d. Antike: Studien zum NT ’70, 53–71; SMcCasland, Signs and Wonders, JBL 76, ’57, 149–52; CBarrett, The Gosp. Acc. to John ’55, 62–65; JCharlier, La notion de signe (sêmeion) dans J: RSPT 43, ’59, 434–48; PRiga, Signs of Glory (J): Int 17, ’63, 402–24; HvanderLoos, The Miracles of Jesus ’65; WNicol, The Semeia in the Fourth Gosp. ’72; for Acts s. FNeirynck, the Miracle Stories in the Acts of the Apostles, An Introduction, in Les Actes des Apôtres, ed. JKremer ’79, 169–213.—Esp. on the healing of demoniacs JWeiss, RE IV 408ff; JJaeger, Ist Jesus Christus ein Suggestionstherapeut gewesen? 1918; KKnur, M.D., Christus medicus? 1905; KDusberger, Bibel u. Kirche ’51, 114–17 (foretoken).—RGrant, Miracle and Natural Law in Graeco-Roman and Early Christian Thought ’52. S. also the lit. s.v. δαιμόνιον 2.—See further MWestermann, ed. ΠΑΡΑΔΟΞΑΓΡΑΦΟΙ, Scriptores Rerum Mirabilium Graeci, 1839.—B. 914. DELG s.v. σῆμα. M-M. DBS XII 1281–1330. EDNT. ABD IV 869 (lit.). TW. Spicq. Sv. -
2 αστοχήσει
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind mid 2nd sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 3rd sgἀ̱στοχήσει, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσει, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 3rd sg (doric aeolic) -
3 ἀστοχήσει
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind mid 2nd sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 3rd sgἀ̱στοχήσει, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσει, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 3rd sg (doric aeolic) -
4 αστοχήση
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj mid 2nd sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind mid 2nd sgἀ̱στοχήσῃ, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσῃ, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind mid 2nd sg (doric aeolic) -
5 ἀστοχήσῃ
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj mid 2nd sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind mid 2nd sgἀ̱στοχήσῃ, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσῃ, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind mid 2nd sg (doric aeolic) -
6 αστοχήσουσι
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd pl (epic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut part act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσι, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσι, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic) -
7 ἀστοχήσουσι
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd pl (epic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut part act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσι, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσι, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic) -
8 αστοχήσουσιν
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd pl (epic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut part act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσιν, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσιν, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic) -
9 ἀστοχήσουσιν
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 3rd pl (epic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut part act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσιν, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act masc /neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἀ̱στοχήσουσιν, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic) -
10 αστοχήσω
ἀ̱στοχήσω, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor ind mid 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 1st sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 1st sgἀ̱στοχήσω, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
11 ἀστοχήσω
ἀ̱στοχήσω, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor ind mid 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor subj act 1st sgἀστοχέωmiss the mark: fut ind act 1st sgἀ̱στοχήσω, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: futperf ind act 1st sg (doric aeolic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
12 ἐπισημαίνω
A mark, γράμματα Aen. Tact.31.3 ([voice] Med.):—[voice] Med., seal, μαρτυρίας τᾷ δαμοσίᾳ σφραγῖδι SIG l.c.:— [voice] Pass., to have a mark set on one, κἀπισημανθήσεται κείνου κεκλῆσθαι .2. of a disease, τῶν ἀκρωτηρίων ἀντίληψις αὐτοῦ ἐπεσήμαινεν the seizure of his extremities set a mark upon him, Th.2.49:—[voice] Pass., ἢν ἅπαξ ἐπισημανθῇ if once he has the mark of the disease upon him, Hp.Morb.Sacr.8.b. indicate as a symptom, πολλὰ τοῦνοσώδους Philostr.Gym.30
: as a weather-sign,αὐχμούς Id.Her.2.9
:—[voice] Pass., show symptoms of disease, Gal.14.661.II. indicate, c. acc. et inf.,ὁ θεὸς ἐπεσήμαινεν αὐτῷ ὅσιον εἶναι X.HG4.7.2
.III. intr., give signs, appear as a symptom in a case, Hp.Epid.1.18; ἄρθρονἐ. συντεταμένον Id.Art.30
; of puberty, show itself, Arist.GA 727a8, 728b24; of weather-signs, indicate a change of weather, Thphr.Sign. 10, etc.; of omens,τῷ Ῥώμῳ γῦπες ἐ. ἕξ D.H.1.86
, etc.;εἰς τὸ δημόσιον Paus.3.12.7
; of the gods, δαιμόνιον αὐτοῖς ἐ. D.S.19.103, cf. 5.3, Plu. Num.22, Sull.14: impers., ἐπισημαίνει symptoms appear, Arist.HA 572b32;ἐ. περὶ τοὺς μαστούς Id.GA 728b29
.IV. [voice] Med. ([tense] pf. [voice] Med. in act. sense, Phld.Mus.p.82 K., Ir.p.5 W., [tense] aor. [voice] Pass., Id.Rh.1.58S., al.), assign as a distinguishing mark,μίαν τινὰ φύσιν Pl.Phlb. 25a
, cf. Plt. 258c; distinguish,τί βούλομαι Id.Lg. 744a
; ἐάν τε ἰάσιμος ἐάν τεἀνίατος δοκῇ εἶναι Id.Grg. 526b
: abs., D.S.13.28; τοσοῦτον -σημηναμένους having added so much by way of explanation, Gal.17(1).800.2. signify, indicate, ὃ.. Ὅμηρος ἐπες. Pl.Lg. 681e; ἐ. ἐν τοῖς ὅρκοις ὅτι " οὐκ ἀδικήσω" Arist.Pol. 1310a11;τῷ μειδιάματι.. τὴν διαμαρτίαν Luc.Laps.1
; remark, " ὀρθῶς" Thphr.Char.2.4.3. set one's name and seal to a thing (in token of approbation), ἐπισημαίνεσθαι τὰςεὐθύνας D.18.250
: generally, applaud, signify approval, Isoc.12. 2, Aeschin.2.49, Men.Phasm.Fr.I, etc.: rarely in bad sense, disapprove, M.Ant.6.20, App.BC5.15; of a historian, Plb.2.61.1.4. distinguish by reward or punishments,ἐπισημαίνεσθαί τινα δώροις Id.6.39.6
;τοὺς μὲν χάρισι, τοὺς δὲ κολάσεσιν Id.Fr. 148
; τὰ καλὰ (Delos, ii B.C.), cf. 51.12 (Ptolemais, iii B.C.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπισημαίνω
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13 ἐξαμαρτάνω
ἐξαμαρτάνω fut. 2 pl. ἐξαμαρτήσετε (Ath. 2, 4); 2 aor. ἐξήμαρτον, inf. ἐξαμαρτεῖν or ἐξαμαρτῆσαι Eccl 5:5 (Trag., Hdt. et al.; PsSol 5:16; ApcMos 13; LXX, Philo; Jos., Ant. 12, 278; 13, 71; Just., Ath. 2, 4) to miss the mark of a standard of obligation, violate a law or command, commit an offence, do wrong, sin ἐ. τι (Soph., Phil. 1012; Hdt. 3, 145 al.) Hm 6, 2, 7; ἐλάχιστον ἐ. miss the mark (of God’s expectation) by a very little Hs 8, 10, 1 (the use of the adv. ἐλάχιστον points to imagery of ‘missing the mark’; the offender or sinner comes so very close to divine approval for uprightness, but because of deficient self-control fails to hit the mark; cp. Lucian, Jupp. Trag. 20 τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐ. of deities guilty of misdeeds). -
14 σφραγίζω
σφραγίζω 1 aor. ἐσφράγισα. Mid.: fut. 2 sg. σφραγιῇ Jer 39:44; 1 aor. ἐσφραγισάμην. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐσφραγίσθην; pf. ptc. ἐσφραγισμένος (s. next entry; Aeschyl. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, TestSol; TestJob 5:2; ParJer 3:10; ApcMos 42; Philo, Joseph.; Mel., P. 15, 97 al.)① to provide with a seal as a security measure, seal w. acc. of the obj. that is to be secured or fastened by the seal: of a stone, to prevent its being moved fr. position (Da 6:18=Jos., Ant. 10, 258) Mt 27:66 (but s. μετά A3b). Likew. GPt 9:34, where the words μνημεῖον ἐσφραγισμένον refer back to the sealing of the stone used to close the tomb (8:32f); cp. ApcMos 42 ὁ θεὸς … ἐσφράγισε τὸ μνημεῖον. In the case of a closed building, so that it cannot be opened (Bel 11; 14) τὰς κλεῖδας 1 Cl 43:3. A bundle of rods, that were not to be disturbed 43:2. Abs. ἐσφράγισεν ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ he sealed (the closed mouth of the abyss) over him Rv 20:3.② to close someth. up tight, seal up τὶ someth. in order to keep it secret (Solon in Stob., Flor. III p. 114, 8 H. τοὺς λόγους σιγῇ; Cleopatra 73 μυστήριον ἐσφραγισμένον; PTebt 413, 6; Job 14:17; 24:16; Da 9:24 Theod.; Da 12:9 LXX) Rv 10:4; 22:10.③ to mark with a seal as a means of identification, mark, seal (Eur., Iph. T. 1372; Mel., P. 16, 104 al.; in pap, of all kinds of animals), so that the mark denoting ownership also carries w. it the protection of the owner (on the apotropaic aspect cp. TestSol 14:2): σφραγίσωμεν τοὺς δούλους τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ τῶν μετώπων αὐτῶν Rv 7:3 (marking w. a seal on the forehead in the cult of Mithra: Tertullian, Praescr. Haer. 40). Corresp. ἐσφραγισμένοι vs. 4ab, 5, 8 (on the concept of sealing eschatologically cp. Ezk 9:4ff; Is 44:5; PsSol 15:6, 9; 4 Esdr 6:5f; 8:51ff. S. also LBrun, Übriggebliebene u. Märtyrer in Apk: StKr 102, 1930, 215–31). This forms a basis for understanding the imagery which speaks of those who enter the Christian community as being sealed with or by the Holy Spirit Eph 1:13; cp. 4:30. Sim. θεός, ὁ σφραγισάμενος ἡμᾶς καὶ δοὺς τὸν ἀρραβῶνα τοῦ πνεύματος ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν 2 Cor 1:22; but here the context contributes an additional component in the sense of ‘endue with power from heaven’, as plainly in J 6:27 (cp. σφραγίς 4a); but EDinkler, OCullmann Festschr. ’62, 183–88 associates 2 Cor 1:22 w. baptism; s. σφραγίς 4b.④ to certify that someth. is so, attest, certify, acknowledge, fig. (as a seal does on a document: pap; Jer 39:10f; Esth 8:8, 10.—Anth. Pal. 9, 236 ἐσφράγισαν ὅρκοι) w. ὅτι foll. J 3:33.⑤ to seal someth. for delivery, seal σφραγισάμενος αὐτοῖς τὸν καρπὸν τοῦτον Ro 15:28 is perh. to be understood fr. the practice of sealing sacks of grain (Dssm., NB 65f [BS 238f]). But some have thought that the imagery is rather hard to maintain, since the ‘fruit’ must not only be sealed, but also forwarded to Jerusalem and delivered there. In any case the sense of the expr. is easier to understand in some such wording as this: when I have placed the sum that was collected safely (sealed) in their hands (s. LRadermacher, ZNW 32, ’33, 87–89; HBartsch, ZNW 63, ’72, 95–107). On the debate s. New Docs 2, 191, w. a late pap in further support of Dssm.’s view.—Straub 29f. DELG s.v. σφραγίς. M-M. TW. -
15 επιτεύξει
ἐπίτευξιςhitting the mark: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ἐπιτεύξεϊ, ἐπίτευξιςhitting the mark: fem dat sg (epic)ἐπίτευξιςhitting the mark: fem dat sg (attic ionic)ἐπιτυγχάνωhit the mark: fut ind mid 2nd sg -
16 ἐπιτεύξει
ἐπίτευξιςhitting the mark: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ἐπιτεύξεϊ, ἐπίτευξιςhitting the mark: fem dat sg (epic)ἐπίτευξιςhitting the mark: fem dat sg (attic ionic)ἐπιτυγχάνωhit the mark: fut ind mid 2nd sg -
17 ευστοχείτε
εὐστοχέωhit the mark: pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic)εὐστοχέωhit the mark: pres opt act 2nd plεὐστοχέωhit the mark: pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)εὐστοχέωhit the mark: imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic) -
18 εὐστοχεῖτε
εὐστοχέωhit the mark: pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic)εὐστοχέωhit the mark: pres opt act 2nd plεὐστοχέωhit the mark: pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic)εὐστοχέωhit the mark: imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic) -
19 χάραγμα
χάραγμα, ατος, τό (χαράσσω; Soph.+)① a mark that is engraved, etched, branded, cut, imprinted, mark, stamp (Anth. Pal. 6, 63, 6; 7, 220, 2; Anacreontea 27, 2 Preisendanz πυρός brands on horses; BGU 453, 8; PGrenf II, 50a, 3 [both II A.D., brands on animals]. For stamps on documents: CPR 4, 37; PLond II, 277, 20 p. 218 [23 A.D.]; Sb 5231, 11; 5247, 34; 5275, 11 [all I A.D.]. An impression on coins: Plut., Ages. 604 [15, 8], Lys. 442 [16, 4], Mor. 211b al.; POxy 144, 6) in Rv of the mark of the Antichrist, which his adherents bear on hand or forehead (for the subj.-matter s. 3 Macc 2:29; UvWilamowitz, Her 34, 1899, 634f; HLilliebjörn, Über relig. Signierung in d. Antike; mit e. Exkurs über Rv, diss. Upps. ’33): 13:16; 14:9; 20:4. τὸ χάρ. τοῦ θηρίου 15:2 v.l.; 16:2; 19:20. τὸ χάρ. τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ 14:11. τὸ χάρ. τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ θηρίου ἢ τὸν ἀριθμὸν τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ 13:17.—Dssm., NB 68–75 (BS 240–47), LO 289f (LAE 341); JYsebaert, Gk. Baptismal Terminology, ’62, esp. 196–204.② an object fashioned by artistic skill involving alteration of a medium, thing formed, image in the representative arts χάρ. τέχνης an image formed by art Ac 17:29 (CIG 6208 Φοῖβον χαράττειν; cp. Horace, Sat. I, 8, 1–3).—DELG s.v. χαράσσω II, 1. M-M. TW. -
20 αστοχήσατε
ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor imperat act 2nd plἀ̱στοχήσατε, ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor ind act 2nd pl (doric aeolic)ἀστοχέωmiss the mark: aor ind act 2nd pl (homeric ionic)
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