of+a+musical+instrument

nervĭae, ārum, f., and nervĭa, ōrum, n. [cf. nervus], strings or chords of a musical instrument, gut-strings, Varr. ap. Non. 215, 15; Gell. 9, 7, 3.—

Transf., nerves, Varr. ap. Non. 215, 16 (Sat. Men. 63, 4); Petr. 45, 11.

nervĭae, ārum, f., and nervĭa, ōrum, n. [cf. nervus], strings or chords of a musical instrument, gut-strings, Varr. ap. Non. 215, 15; Gell. 9, 7, 3.—

Transf., nerves, Varr. ap. Non. 215, 16 (Sat. Men. 63, 4); Petr. 45, 11.

nervus, i, m. [root snar-; Old Germ. snara, a snare; Gr. neuron; cf. parvus and pauros], a sinew, tendon, nerve.

Lit.:

his adde nervos, a quibus artus continentur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139:

hoc nervos confirmari putant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

nervus qui platys appellatur,

Plin. 26, 8, 58, § 90:

hic primum nervos et venas expressit (of Pythagoras the painter),

id. 34, 8, 19, § 59:

nervorum contractio,

Sen. Ep. 66, 40: nervi quos tenontas Graeci appellant, Cels. 8, 1:

condamus alter alterum in nervum bracchialem,

let us embrace, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 99.—

Transf.

I. q. membrum virile, Hor. Epod. 12, 19; Juv. 10, 205; 9, 35; pl. nervi, Petr. 131, §§ 4 and 6.—

A string of a musical instrument:

omnes voces, ut nervi in fidibus, ita sonant, ut, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216:

cotidiano cantu vocum et nervorum et tibiarum tota vicinitas personat,

id. Rosc. Am. 46, 134; Verg. A. 9, 776; Hor. C. 3, 11, 4.—

A bowstring: reciproca tendens nervo equino concita tela, Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 80 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.): nervoque obversus equino Contendit telum, Verg. A. 9, 622:

nervo aptare sagittas,

id. ib. 10, 131:

erumpit nervo pulsante sagitta,

id. G. 4, 313; so Val. Fl. 6, 376; 1, 437; Luc. 7, 141.—

A bow:

aliquem fallere nervo,

Val. Fl. 3, 182.—

The leather with which shields were covered:

scuta nervo firmata,

Tac. A. 2, 14; Sil. 4, 293.—

A thong with which a person was bound, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 11; Veg. Mil. 4, 9.—

The cords or wires by which a puppet is moved:

duceris ut nervis alienis mobile lignum,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 82.—

A fetter: nervum appellamus etiam ferreum vinculum, quo pedes impediuntur: quamquam Plautus eo etiam cervices vinciri ait: Perfidiose captus edepol nervo cervices probat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.: VINCITO AVT NERVO, AVT COMPEDIBVS, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1: in nervo atque compedibus aetatem agunt, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 18, 18; cf. Plaut. As. 3, 2, 5:

posuit in nervo pedes meos,

Vulg. Job, 33, 11.—

A prison:

in nervum aliquem rapere,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 45:

in nervo jacebis,

id. Curc. 5, 3, 40; cf. id. Capt. 3, 5, 71:

vereor ne istaec fortitudo in nervum erumpat denique,

will lay you by the heels, bring you into durance, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 10; 4, 4, 15:

eximere de nervo aliquem,

Liv. 6, 15, 9:

misit in nervum,

Vulg. Jer. 20, 2.—

Trop.

Nerve, vigor, force, power, strength:

digna res est ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

onus... dignum, in quo omnes nervos aetatis industriaeque meae contenderem,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

omnibus nervis mihi contendendum est, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 3, 56, §

130: opibus ac nervis ad perniciem suam uti,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20; Cic. Phil. 5, 12, 32:

nervi belli pecunia,

id. ib. 5, 2, 5:

vectigalia nervos esse rei publicae,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17:

legionum nervos incidere,

id. Phil. 12, 3, 8:

poëtae molliunt animos, nervos omnes virtutis elidunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 11, 27:

video, fore nervis opus sapientiāque tuā,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:

loci inhaerentes in nervis causarum,

intimately connected with them, id. de Or. 3, 27, 106:

nervi conjurationis,

the leaders, Liv. 7, 39, 6.—

In partic., of expression, force, energy:

horum oratio neque nervos, neque aculeos oratorios ac forenses habet,

Cic. Or. 19, 62; cf. id. de Or. 3, 21, 80:

nervi in dicendo,

id. ib. 2, 22, 91:

sectantem levia nervi Deficiunt,

Hor. A. P. 26.

pello, pĕpŭli, pulsum, 3 ( pluperf. pulserat, Amm. 30, 5, 19), v. a. [kindred with Gr. pallô, pelô], to beat, strike, knock any thing or at any thing; to push, drive, hurl, impel, propel.

Lit.

In gen. (mostly poet.;

syn.: trudo, percutio): pueri pulsi,

Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48:

pectora pellite tonsis, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. tonsa, p. 356 Müll. (Ann. v. 235 Vahl.): terram pede,

Lucr. 5, 1402:

ter pede terram (in the tripudium),

Hor. C. 3, 18, 15:

humum pedibus,

Cat. 61, 14:

fores,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 4; 5, 3, 2:

impetu venientium pulsae fores,

Tac. A. 11, 37: spumat sale rate pulsum, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 26 (Ann. v. 378 Vahl.); cf.: unda pulsa remis, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Non. 162, 30; so,

vada remis,

Cat. 64, 58:

(arbor) ventis pulsa,

Lucr. 5, 1096.—

In partic.

To drive out or away, to thrust or turn out, expel, banish; esp. milit., to drive back, discomfit, rout the enemy (freq. and class.; syn.: fugo, elimino, deicio); constr. with abl., with ex, rarely with de; also with ab and abl. of the place from which one is repelled or driven back, but has not entered:

cum viri boni lapidibus e foro pellerentur,

Cic. Pis. 10, 23; so,

omnes ex Galliae finibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 11; and:

praesidium ex arce,

Nep. Pelop. 3 fin.:

a foribus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 113:

istum ab Hispaniā,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

patriis ab agris Pellor,

Ov. M. 14, 477; cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 9:

aliquem a sacris,

Ov. Ib. 624:

possessores suis sedibus,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 78:

aliquem sedibus,

Sall. J. 41, 8:

aliquem possessionibus,

Cic. Mil. 27, 74:

aliquem civitate,

id. Par. 4, 1, 27:

loco,

Liv. 10, 6:

patria,

Nep. Arist. 1:

aliquem regno,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 13; Just. 35, 1, 3.—Of inanim. objects:

aquam de agro,

Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 230:

tecta, quibus frigorum vis pelleretur,

Cic. Off. 2, 11, 13:

placidam nives pectore aquam,

Tib. 1, 4, 12; 3, 5, 30:

calculos e corpore,

Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 64.—Without indicating the place whence:

qui armis perterritus, fugatus, pulsus est,

Cic. Caecin. 11, 31:

hostes pelluntur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62, 3; cf.:

milites pulsi fugatique,

Sall. J. 74, 3:

exsules tyrannorum injuriā pulsi,

driven out, banished, Liv. 34, 26, 12:

Athenienses Diagoram philosophum pepulerunt,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 7 ext. — With abl. of manner:

pudendis Volneribus pulsus,

Verg. A. 11, 56; cf.:

si fugisset vulneratus a tergo, etc., Serv. ad loc.—Specifying the place whither: miles pellitur foras,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 11:

in exsilium pulsus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56.—

In milit. lang., to rout, put to flight, discomfit:

exercitum ejus ab Helvetiis pulsum et sub jugum missum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 4:

compluribus his proeliis pulsis,

id. ib. 1, 10, 5:

Romanos pulsos superatosque,

id. ib. 2, 24 fin., etc.; 1, 52; Liv. 2, 50; Just. 1, 6, 13; 2, 12, 26.—

To strike, set in motion, impel:

inpello, sagitta pulsa manu,

Verg. A. 12, 320.—

Of a musical instrument, to strike the chords, play:

nervi pulsi,

struck, Cic. Brut. 54, 199:

lyra pulsa manu,

Ov. M. 10, 205; cf.:

classica pulsa,

i. e. blown, Tib. 1, 1, 4.—

Trop.

In gen., to strike, touch, move, affect, impress, etc. (class.):

totum corpus hominis et ejus omnis vultus omnesque voces, ut nervi in fidibus, ita sonant, ut a motu animi quoque sunt pulsae,

Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216; cf.

of sound: Ille canit, pulsae referunt ad sidera valles,

Verg. E. 6, 84:

sonat amnis, et Asia longe Pulsa palus,

id. A. 7, 702:

quemadmodum visa nos pellerent,

Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; cf.:

visa enim ista cum acriter mentem sensumve pepulerunt,

id. ib. 2, 20, 66; id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

quod (dictum) cum animos hominum aurisque pepulisset,

id. Or. 53, 177:

species utilitatis pepulit eum,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41:

fit saepe, ut pellantur animi vehementius,

id. Div. 1, 36, 80:

nec habet ullum ictum, quo pellat animum,

id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

nulla me ipsum privatim pepulit insignis injuria,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 2:

ipsum in Hispaniā juvenem nullius forma pepulerat captivae,

Liv. 30, 14, 3:

non mediocri curā Scipionis animum pepulit,

id. 30, 14, 1:

pulsusque residerat ardor,

Ov. M. 7, 76:

longi sermonis initium pepulisti,

you have struck the chord of a long discussion, Cic. Brut. 87, 297.—

In partic.

To drive out or away, to banish, expel:

maestitiam ex animis,

Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43:

procul a me dolorem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 27:

pulsus Corde dolor,

Verg. A. 6, 382:

glandt famem,

Ov. M. 14, 216; so,

sitim,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 14:

frigoris vim tectis,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 13:

somnum,

Sil. 7, 300;

Col. poët. 10, 69: Phoebeā morbos arte,

Ov. F. 3, 827:

vino curas,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 31:

moram,

Ov. M. 2, 838:

dolore pulsa est amentia,

id. ib. 5, 511:

turpia crimina a vobis,

id. A. A. 3, 379:

umbras noctis,

Cat. 63, 41:

sidera,

Ov. M. 2, 530:

nubila,

id. ib. 6, 690:

tenebras,

id. ib. 7, 703; 15, 651.—

To beat, conquer, overcome (very rare): si animus hominem pepulit, actum'st: animo servit, non sibi;

Sin ipse animum pepulit, vivit, victor victorum cluet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 sq.:

alicui pudicitiam,

id. Ep. 4, 1, 15.

per-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 ( perf. contr. percusti for percussisti, Hor. S. 2, 3, 273), v. a. [quatio].

(With the notion of the per predominating.) To strike through and through, to thrust or pierce through (syn.: percello, transfigo).

Lit.:

percussus cultello,

Varr. R. R. 1, 69, 2:

gladio percussus,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65:

Mamilio pectus percussum,

Liv. 2, 19, 8:

coxam Aeneae,

Juv. 15, 66:

vena percutitur,

a vein is opened, blood is let, Sen. Ep. 70, 13:

fossam,

to cut through, dig a trench, Front. Strat. 3, 17; Plin. Ep. 10, 50, 4.—

Transf., to slay, kill (class.; cf.:

neco, perimo, ico, ferio): aliquem securi,

to behead, Cic. Pis. 34, 84; id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

collum percussa securi Victima,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 5; Liv. 39, 43:

aliquem veneno,

App. M. 10, p. 252, 21:

hostem,

Suet. Calig. 3; Ov. H. 4, 94.—Hence, percutere foedus, to make a league, conclude a treaty (because an animal was slaughtered on the occasion;

only post-Aug. for ferio, ico), Auct. B. Alex. 44: cum Albanis foedus percussit,

Just. 42, 3, 4; 43, 5, 10; Vulg. 3 Reg. 5, 12.—

(With the idea of the verb predominating.) To strike, beat, hit, smite, shoot, etc. (cf.: ico, pulso, ferio).

Lit.

In gen. (class.):

ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum,

Lucr. 6, 162:

cum Cato percussus esset ab eo, qui arcam ferebat,

had been struck, Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

januam manu,

Tib. 1, 5, 68; 1, 6, 3:

turres de caelo percussae,

struck with lightning, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; cf.:

hunc nec Juppiter fulmine percussit,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

percussus ab aspide calcatā,

stung, bitten, Plin. 23, 1, 27, § 56; cf.: PERCVSSVS A VIPERA, Inscr. Vermigl. Iscriz. Perug. p. 319; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 30; 28, 4, 10, § 44:

color percussus luce refulgit,

struck, Lucr. 2, 799; cf. Ov. M. 6, 63; Val. Fl. 1, 495:

auriculae (voce) percussae,

Prop. 1, 16, 28:

percussus vocibus circus,

Sil. 16, 398.— Neutr.:

sol percussit super caput,

Vulg. Jonae, 4, 8.—

In partic.

To strike, stamp, coin money (post-Aug.):

ut nummum argenteum notā sideris Capricorni percusserit,

Suet. Aug. 94; id. Ner. 25. —

To strike, play a musical instrument ( poet.):

lyram,

Ov. Am. 3, 12, 40; Val. Fl. 5, 100.—

As t. t. in weaving, to throw the shuttle with the woof: (lacernae) male percussae textoris pectine Galli, badly or coarsely woven, Juv. 9, 30.—

Haec meraclo se percussit flore Libyco (=vino Mareotico), to get drunk, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16 (cf.: sauciare se flore Liberi, Enn. ap. Fulg. 562, 25).—

Trop.

To smite, strike, visit with calamity of any kind (class.):

percussus calamitate,

Cic. Mur. 24, 49:

percussus fortunae vulnere,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 11:

ruina,

Vulg. Zach. 14, 18: anathemate. id. Mal. 4, 6:

plaga,

id. 1 Macc. 1, 32:

in stuporem,

id. Zach. 12, 4.—

To strike, shock, make an impression upon, affect deeply, move, astound (class.):

percussisti me de oratione prolatā,

Cic. Att. 3, 12, 3; id. Mil. 29, 79: audivi ex Gavio, Romae esse hominem, et fuisse assiduum: percussit animum, it struck me, made me suspicious, id. Att. 4, 8, b, 3:

animos probabilitate,

id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

percussus atrocissimis litteris,

id. Fam. 9, 25, 3:

fragor aurem percutit,

Juv. 11, 98.—

To cheat, deceive, impose upon one (class.):

aliquem probe,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 9:

hominem eruditum,

Cic. Fl. 20, 46:

hominem strategemate,

id. Att. 5, 2, 2:

aliquem palpo,

to flatter, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 28.—

(Acc. to II. A. 2. a.) To strike, stamp (post-Aug.):

facta dictaque tua unā formā percussa sunt,

Sen. Ep. 34, 3.

quĕror, questus, 3, v. dep. a. and n. [Sanscr. root, çvas-, to sigh].

Lit.

In gen., to complain, lament, bewail (class.).

With acc.: suas fortunas, to bewail one ' s fate, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 12:

suum fatum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4:

injuriam,

Cic. Att. 5, 8, 2:

omnia,

id. Fl. 24:

fortunam,

Ov. M. 15, 493:

nova monstra,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 6 al.:

labem atque ignominiam rei publicae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33.—

With de:

queritur de Milone per vim expulso,

Cic. Att. 9, 14, 2:

de injuriis alicujus,

id. Fam. 1, 4, 3.—

With cum:

quererer tecum, atque expostularem, ni,

I would complain to you, Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 7:

cum patribus conscriptis,

Liv. 35, 8:

cum deo, quod,

Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 81; Vell. 2, 130, 3:

tecum inconsideratae pietatis queror,

Sen. Contr. 4, 27, 2.—

With apud:

apud novercam,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 80:

apud aliquem per litteras,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13.—

With dat.:

nec quereris patri?

nor complain to your father? Juv. 2, 131.—

With obj.-clause:

ne querantur se relictas esse,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 14.—

With quod:

legatos miserunt Athenas questum, quod, etc.,

Nep. Chabr. 3, 1:

queri libet, quod in secreta nostra non inquirant principes,

Plin. Pan. 68, 8; cf.:

quereris super hoc, quod non mittam carmina,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 24. —

With pro:

haec pro re publicā,

in behalf of, in the name of the State, Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 198.—

Absol.:

nisi omni tempore, quod mihi lege concessum est, abusus ero, querere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 25:

non injuste,

Vell. 2, 40, 6.—

In partic., to make a complaint before a court:

de proconsulatu alicujus,

Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2.—

Transf., of animals and things that utter a plaintive sound. Of apes:

queri rauco stridore,

Ov. M. 14, 100.—

Of the owl,

Verg. A. 4, 463. —

In gen., of the song of birds,

to complain, lament, to coo, warble, sing, Hor. Epod. 2, 26:

dulce queruntur aves,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 4.—Of a musical instrument:

flebile nescio quid queritur lyra,

Ov. M. 11, 52; Hor. C. 2, 13, 24.

symphōnĭa, ae, f., = sumphônia, an agreement of sounds, concord, harmony, symphony.

Lit., sing.:

cum symphonia caneret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 105; 2, 5, 13, § 31; id. Fam. 16, 9, 3; Liv. 39, 10, 7; Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 24; 10, 29, 43, § 84; Sen. E 12, 8; Hor. A. P. 374.— Plur., Cic. Cael. 15, 35; Cels. 3, 18 al.—Of a signal in war, Prud. ad Symm. 2, 527.—

Transf., in late Lat., a kind of musical instrument, Isid. Orig. 3, 22 fin.; cf. Hier. Ep. 21, 29.