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81 съёмочный объектив
1) Medicine: taking lensУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > съёмочный объектив
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82 объектив с переменным фокусным расстоянием
1) Biology: (микроскопа) zoom2) Medicine: zoom (микроскопа)3) Engineering: objective with variable focal length, variable focal-length lens, variable focus lens, variable-focal-length lens, varifocal lens, zoom lens, zoomoptic4) Optics: transfocator5) Polygraphy: pancratic lens, zoom lens assembly6) Astronautics: variable-focus lens, zoomar, zoomar lens7) Makarov: zoom system8) Security: varifocal, variofocal lensУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > объектив с переменным фокусным расстоянием
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83 длиннофокусный объектив
1) Engineering: long-distance objective, long-focal-length lens, long-focus lens, long-focus objective2) Makarov: long telephoto lensУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > длиннофокусный объектив
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84 зеркальный объектив
1) Engineering: mirror lens, reflecting objective (в микроскопах)2) Makarov: catoptric objective (в микроскопе), mirror lens (в микроскопе), reflecting objective (в микроскопе)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > зеркальный объектив
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85 иммерсионный объектив
1) Medicine: immersion lens (микроскопа), immersion objective, oil-immersion lens (микроскопа)2) Engineering: slow objective3) Makarov: oil immersion lensУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > иммерсионный объектив
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86 крышка объектива
1) Polygraphy: cap of eyepiece, lens cap, lens cover, objective cap2) Cartography: cap of lens, eyepiece cap3) Arms production: objective shutter -
87 Steinheil, Carl August von
[br]b. 1801 Roppoltsweiler, Alsaced. 1870 Munich, Germany[br]German physicist, founder of electromagnetic telegraphy in Austria, and photographic innovator and lens designer.[br]Steinheil studied under Gauss at Göttingen and Bessel at Königsberg before jointing his parents at Munich. There he concentrated on optics before being appointed Professor of Physics and Mathematics at the University of Munich in 1832. Immediately after the announcement of the first practicable photographic processes in 1839, he began experiments on photography in association with another professor at the University, Franz von Kobell. Steinheil is reputed to have made the first daguerreotypes in Germany; he certainly constructed several cameras of original design and suggested minor improvements to the daguerreotype process. In 1849 he was employed by the Austrian Government as Head of the Department of Telegraphy in the Ministry of Commerce. Electromagnetic telegraphy was an area in which Steinheil had worked for several years previously, and he was now appointed to supervise the installation of a working telegraphic system for the Austrian monarchy. He is considered to be the founder of electromagnetic telegraphy in Austria and went on to perform a similar role in Switzerland.Steinheil's son, Hugo Adolph, was educated in Munich and Augsburg but moved to Austria to be with his parents in 1850. Adolph completed his studies in Vienna and was appointed to the Telegraph Department, headed by his father, in 1851. Adolph returned to Munich in 1852, however, to concentrate on the study of optics. In 1855 the father and son established the optical workshop which was later to become the distinguished lens-manufacturing company C.A. Steinheil Söhne. At first the business confined itself almost entirely to astronomical optics, but in 1865 the two men took out a joint patent for a wide-angle photographic lens claimed to be free of distortion. The lens, called the "periscopic", was not in fact free from flare and not achromatic, although it enjoyed some reputation at the time. Much more important was the achromatic development of this lens that was introduced in 1866 and called the "Aplanet"; almost simultaneously a similar lens, the "Rapid Rentilinear", was introduced by Dallmeyer in England, and for many years lenses of this type were fitted as the standard objective on most photographic cameras. During 1866 the elder Steinheil relinquished his interest in lens manufacturing, and control of the business passed to Adolph, with administrative and financial affairs being looked after by another son, Edward. After Carl Steinheil's death Adolph continued to design and market a series of high-quality photographic lenses until his own death.[br]Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E.Epstean, New York (a general account of the Steinheils's work).Most accounts of photographic lens history will give details of the Steinheils's more important work. See, for example, Chapman Jones, 1904, Science and Practice of Photography, 4th edn, London: and Rudolf Kingslake, 1989, A History of the Photographic Lens, Boston.JWBiographical history of technology > Steinheil, Carl August von
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88 Petzval, Josef Max
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1807 Spisska-Beila, Hungaryd. 17 September 1891 Vienna, Austria[br]Hungarian mathematician and photographic-lens designer, inventor of the first "rapid" portrait lens.[br]Although born in Hungary, Petzval was the son of German schoolteacher. He studied engineering at the University of Budapest and after graduation was appointed to the staff as a lecturer. In 1835 he became the University's Professor of Higher Mathematics. Within a year he was offered a similar position at the more prestigious University of Vienna, a chair he was to occupy until 1884.The earliest photographic cameras were fitted with lenses originally designed for other optical instruments. All were characterized by small apertures, and the long exposures required by the early process were in part due to the "slow" lenses. As early as 1839, Petzval began calculations with the idea of producing a fast achromatic objective for photographic work. For technical advice he turned to the Viennese optician Peter Voigtländer, who went on to make the first Petzval portrait lens in 1840. It had a short focal length but an extremely large aperture for the day, enabling exposure times to be reduced to at least one tenth of that required with other contemporary lenses. The Petzval portrait lens was to become the basic design for years to come and was probably the single most important development in making portrait photography possible; by capturing public imagination, portrait photography was to drive photographic innovation during the early years.Petzval later fell out with Voigtländer and severed his connection with the company in 1845. When Petzval was encouraged to design a landscape lens in the 1850s, the work was entrusted to another Viennese optician, Dietzler. Using some early calculations by Petzval, Voigtländer was able to produce a similar lens, which he marketed in competition, and an acrimonious dispute ensued. Petzval, embittered by the quarrel and depressed by a burglary which destroyed years of records of his optical work, abandoned optics completely in 1862 and devoted himself to acoustics. He retired from his professorship on his seventieth birthday, respected by his colleagues but unloved, and lived the life of a recluse until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the Hungarian Academy of Science 1873.Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstean, New York (provides details of Petzval's life and work; Eder claims he was introduced to Petzval by mutual friends and succeeded in obtaining personal data).Rudolf Kingslake, 1989, A History of the Photographic Lens, Boston (brief biographical details).L.W.Sipley, 1965, Photography's Great Inventors, Philadelphia (brief biographical details).JW -
89 диафрагма объектива
1) Engineering: lens diaphragm, lens iris, objective aperture2) Polygraphy: lens stop3) Astronautics: lens aperture4) Makarov: diaphragm (конструктивный элемент), f stop (раскрытие объектива), lens stop (раскрытие объектива)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > диафрагма объектива
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90 mercek
n. lens, condensing lens, condenser, object lens, glass, bull's eye, objective--------mercek (mikroskop)n. eyepiece, eye lense* * *1. camera lens 2. lens -
91 симметричный объектив
1) Polygraphy: symmetric objective, symmetrical objective2) Cartography: symmetric lens, symmetric object glass, symmetrical eyepiece, symmetrical lens, symmetrical object glassУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > симметричный объектив
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92 сменный объектив
1) Engineering: accessory lens (в дополнение к основному), interchangeable lens (взаимозаменяемый), relay objective2) Polygraphy: interchangeable objective -
93 фотографический объектив
1) Engineering: photographic objective2) Makarov: camera objective, photographic lens, photographic lens systemУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > фотографический объектив
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94 Voigtländer, Peter Wilhelm Friedrich
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1812 Vienna, Austria d. 1878[br]Austrian manufacturer of the first purpose-designed photographic objective; key member of a dynasty of optical instrument makers.[br]Educated at the Polytechnic Institute in Vienna, Voigtländer travelled widely before taking over the family business in 1837. The business had been founded by Voigtländer's grandfather in 1756, and was continued by his father, Johann Friedrich, the inventor of the opera glass, and by the 1830s enjoyed one of the highest reputations in Europe. When Petzval made the calculations for the first purpose-designed photographic objective in 1840, it was inevitable that he should go to Peter Voigtländer for advice. The business went on to manufacture Petzval's lens, which was also fitted to an all-metal camera of totally original design by Voigtländer.The Petzval lens was an extraordinary commercial success and Voigtländer sold specimens all over the world. Unfortunately Petzval had no formal agreement with Voigtländer and made little financial gain from his design, a fact which was to lead to dispute and separation; the Voigtländer concern continued to prosper, however. To meet the increasing demand for his products, Peter Voigtländer built a new factory in Brunswick and closed the business in Vienna. The closure is seen by at least one commentator as the death blow to Vienna's optical industry, a field in which it was once preeminent. The Voigtländer dynasty continued long after Peter's death and the name enjoyed a reputation for high-quality photographic equipment well into the twentieth century.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHereditary Peerage bestowed by the Emperor of Austria 1868.Further ReadingL.W.Sipley, 1965, Photography's Great Inventors, Philadelphia (a brief biography). J.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E.Epstean, New York.JWBiographical history of technology > Voigtländer, Peter Wilhelm Friedrich
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95 апохромат
2) Engineering: apochromat, apochromat lens, apochromatic lens, color-corrected lens3) Polygraphy: apochromat (объектив, исправленный на хроматическую аберрацию), apochromatic lens (объектив со значительно уменьшенной хроматической аберрацией)4) Makarov: apochromatic objective -
96 зеркально-линзовый объектив
1) Engineering: catadioptic lens, catadioptric lens, catadioptric optical system2) Photo: reflex lens3) Makarov: catadioptric objective, reflector lensУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > зеркально-линзовый объектив
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97 относительное отверстие объектива
1) Engineering: lens aperture2) Cinema: lens speed3) Polygraphy: lens opening, speed, useful aperture4) Cartography: ratio of aperture, ratio of lens aperture, relative aperture5) Makarov: object glass aperture, objective glass apertureУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > относительное отверстие объектива
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98 билинза
1) Physics: bilens, split lens2) Makarov: divided lens, half lens, split objective -
99 апохромат
apochromat(ic) lens, color-corrected lens* * *апохрома́т м.
apochromat, apochromatic lens* * * -
100 objektif
adj. objective, even handed, clinical, practical--------n. objective, object glass, lens* * *1. object glass 2. objective
См. также в других словарях:
objective lens — Objective Ob*jec tive, n. 1. (Gram.) The objective case. [1913 Webster] 2. An {object glass}; called also {objective lens}. See under {Object}, n. [1913 Webster] 3. Same as {Objective point}, under {Objective}, a. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
objective lens — ob*jec tive lens, n. An {object glass}. See under {Object}, n. [PJC] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
objective lens — Object Ob ject ([o^]b j[e^]kt), n. [L. objectus. See {Object}, v. t.] 1. That which is put, or which may be regarded as put, in the way of some of the senses; something visible or tangible and persists for an appreciable time; as, he observed an… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
objective lens — objektyvas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. object glass; objective; objective lens vok. Objektiv, n rus. объектив, m pranc. objectif, m … Fizikos terminų žodynas
objective lens — noun the lens or system of lenses in a telescope or microscope that is nearest the object being viewed • Syn: ↑objective, ↑object lens, ↑object glass • Hypernyms: ↑lens, ↑lense, ↑lens system • Part Ho … Useful english dictionary
objective lens — Optics. objective (def. 3). * * * … Universalium
Objective lens — Объектив … Краткий толковый словарь по полиграфии
Objective — Ob*jec tive, n. 1. (Gram.) The objective case. [1913 Webster] 2. An {object glass}; called also {objective lens}. See under {Object}, n. [1913 Webster] 3. Same as {Objective point}, under {Objective}, a. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Objective (optics) — Several objective lenses on a microscope. In an optical instrument, the objective is the optical element that gathers light from the object being observed and focuses the light rays to produce a real image. Objectives can be single lenses or… … Wikipedia
Objective — In a microscope, the objective (also called the objective lens) is the lens nearest to the object being examined whereas the lens closest to the eye is termed the ocular (the eyepiece). The light microscope today is usually binocular (with one… … Medical dictionary
objective — objectively, adv. objectiveness, n. /euhb jek tiv/, n. 1. something that one s efforts or actions are intended to attain or accomplish; purpose; goal; target: the objective of a military attack; the objective of a fund raising drive. 2. Gram. a.… … Universalium