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1 FREE
(adj.) léra, aranya (not to be confused with aranya *"my king"; the shorter form ranya also cited must not be confused with the verb "stray, wander"), mirima (but a very similar word, mírima, is rather assigned the meaning “very valuable” in Tolkien’s later Quenya). The previous words are apparently used to describe “free” persons, whereas the following refer to inanimates: latin, latina (open, cleared [of land]), lerina ("free" of things in the sense of "not guarded, reserved, made fast, or 'owned'", VT41:5). Lehta “free, released” (perhaps applicable to persons, but cf. the following:) FREE ELEMENT (a term for "vowel") \#lehta tengwë (only pl. lehta tengwi is attested; we would rather expect *lehtë tengwi). (A word fairë "free" is mentioned in LT1:250, but may be obsolete: several other meanings are attributed to this word in later writings [see DEATH, PHANTOM, RADIANCE]. Fairië "freedom" does not clash with later words, but must probably be considered conceptually obsolete if fairë is so regarded.) FREE FROM EVIL aman (see BLESSED) –VT41:5, VT46:10, MIS, LAT, VT39:17, WJ:399 (verb) rúna- (see DELIVER); SET FREE lerya- (release, let go), sen- (let go, let loose) –VT43:23, VT41:5, 6, VT43:18 -
2 DO
\#car- (make, build; see MAKE for various attested forms of this verb); NOT DO \#um- (cited in the form umin "I do not", 1st pers. aorist; also short uin) (pa.t. úmë, not to be confused with a noun meaning "collection, crowd"). This verb is also used = "not be", see BE concerning this and other verbs for “not do, not be”. DO NOT! (imperative) vá! (also = I will not); DON'T áva, avá, alalyë (the last form incorporates the ending -lyë "thou", hence "do not thou [do something]") DON'T DO IT! áva carë! SET VIGOROUSLY OUT TO DO horya- (be compelled to do something, have an impulse) DO BACK ahtar- or accar- (react; requite, avenge) –KAR, UGU/UMU, WJ:371, VT44:8, VT45:22, PE17:166 -
3 COLLECT
hosta- (gather, assemble); COLLECTION OF LEAVES olassië (foliage). GREAT COLLECTION OR CROWD OF THINGS OF THE SAME SORT úmë (not to be confused with the pa.t. of the negative verb "not be, not do"). –KHOTH/MC:223, Letters:282, VT48:32 -
4 CROWD
sanga (throng, press); rimbë (host). GREAT COLLECTION OR CROWD OF THINGS OF THE SAME SORT úmë (not to be confused with the pa.t. of the negative verb "not be, not do"). –STAG/Silm:438, RIM, VT48:32 -
5 BUILD
\#car- (cited as carin "I make, build", 1st pers. aorist – according to FS and SD:246 the past tense is cárë, but Etym has carnë; writers should probably use the latter form, not to be confused with the adjective carnë "red". The passive participle \#carna *"built, made" is attested in Vincarna *"newly-made" in MR:305.) BUILDING car (card-) (house), ampano (= especially building of wood, wooden hall; umpano in VT45:36 sems to be a variant form), ataquë (construction). BUILDER samno (Þ) (carpenter, wright) –KAR, PAN, VT45:36, TAK, STAB -
6 CONCEPTION
(= idea, cf. VT46:6) noa (pl. nówi), nó (nów-). Not to be confused with noa = “former” or “yesterday”. –NOWO -
7 INDICATE
tana- (show) (Note: tana also means "that"), tëa- (note: not to be confused with the noun tëa "straight line, road"), pa.t. tengë (VT43:38). INDICATION tengwë (sign, token, writing – pl tengwi is attested) INDICATED (adj) tengë. –MR:385, VT39:6, WJ:394, 395 cf. TEK, VT39:6 -
8 KISS
(vb.) miqu- "to kiss", pa.t. minquë (not to be confused with the cardinal minquë "eleven"). (QL:61). Noun A KISS miquë (QL:61). -
9 LINE
tië (path, direction, course, way, road), tëa (straight line, road) (note: not to be confused with the verb tëa- "indicate"), téma (row, series) (pl. témar is attested in LotR:1153) –TE3/RGEO:67, TEÑ -
10 ROAD
tëa (straight line) (note: not to be confused with the verb tëa- "indicate"), ROAD IN SEA londë (entrance to harbour, translated "haven" in Alqualondë Haven of the Swans, UT:417; the additional gloss "fairway" turned up in VT45:28), tië (path, course, direction, way), \#vanda (isolated form Qualvanda "Road of Death" in LT1:264; cf. vand- "way, path" on the same page) –TEÑ, LOD/VT45:28, TE3/RGEO:67, LT1:264 -
11 STRAIGHT
téra (right), lenwa (long, thin, narrow); STRAIGHT LINE tëa (road) (note: not to be confused with the verb tëa- "indicate") –TE3, TEÑ, LT2:341 -
12 WOOD
toa (probably "wood" as a material rather than "wood" = "forest"; not to be confused with the homophone adj. toa "of wool, woollen"), GREAT WOOD taurë (pl. tauri is attested) (forest), wood as material: tavar (also toa), rough piece of wood: runda, piece of shaped wood: pano, smouldering wood (ember): yulmë (Note: yulmë also means "drinking, carousal") firewood: turu ("firewood" was the proper meaning, but the word was used for "wood" in general); OF WOOD taurina, WOODEN turúva, WOODEN POST samna (Þ); WOODEN HALL ampano, WOODPECKER tambaro, WOODLAND tavas (LT1:261 also gives nan(d), but this means "valley" in LotR-style Quenya.) –VT39:6, TÁWAR/Silm:438/MC:222 cf. 215, RUD, PAN, YUL, LT1:270, STAB, TAM, LT1:267 -
13 WOOL
tó (obsoleting oa in LT1:249; GL:71 has toa, but cf the following:) OF WOOL, WOOLLEN toa (not to be confused with the homophone toa "wood") –TOW -
14 YESTERDAY
noa (shortened from the full phrase noa ré “former day”; thus noa is basically an adjective “former”). In another conceptual phase, noa meant “tomorrow” instead. Not to be confused with noa “conception; idea”. –VT49:34 -
15 BITE
(vb) nac- (but in late material, the same verb is said to mean “hew, cut”), BITE (noun) nahta (note: a homophone means "eighteen", though it is not the regular word in decimal counting: neither word must be confused with the verb nahta- “slay”.) –NAK, VT49:24
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