-
1 Northumberland
-
2 Northumberland
-
3 Northumberland
Cartography: Northumb -
4 Northumberland And Union
Railway term: NUУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Northumberland And Union
-
5 Quality Workout in Northumberland
Sports: QWNУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Quality Workout in Northumberland
-
6 Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
Military: RNFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
-
7 Нортамберленд
-
8 Нортумберленд
-
9 Нортумберленд
-
10 Buddle, John
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 15 November 1773 Kyloe, Northumberland, Englandd. 10 October 1843 Wallsend, Northumberland, England[br]English colliery inspector, manager and agent.[br]Buddle was educated by his father, a former schoolteacher who was from 1781 the first inspector and manager of the new Wallsend colliery. When his father died in 1806, John Buddle assumed full responsibility at the Wallsend colliery, and he remained as inspector and manager there until 1819, when he was appointed as colliery agent to the third Marquis of Londonderry. In this position, besides managing colliery business, he acted as an entrepreneur, gaining political influence and organizing colliery owners into fixing prices; Buddle and Londonderry were also responsible for the building of Seaham harbour. Buddle became known as the "King of the Coal Trade", gaining influence throughout the important Northumberland and Durham coalfield.Buddle's principal contribution to mining technology was with regard to the improvement of both safety standards and productivity. In 1807 he introduced a steam-driven air pump which extracted air from the top of the upcast shaft. Two years later, he drew up plans which divided the coalface into compartments; this enabled nearly the whole seam to be exploited. The system of compound ventilation greatly reduced the danger of explosions: the incoming air was divided into two currents, and since each current passed through only half the underground area, the air was less heavily contaminated with gas.In 1813 Buddle presented an important paper on his method for mine ventilation to the Sunderland Society for Preventing Accidents in Coal-mines, which had been established in that year following a major colliery explosion. He emphasized the need for satisfactory underground lighting, which influenced the development of safety-lamps, and assisted actively in the experiments with Humphrey Davy's lamp which he was one of the first mine managers to introduce. Another mine accident, a sudden flood, prompted him to maintain a systematic record of mine-workings which ultimately resulted in the establishment of the Mining Record Office.[br]Bibliography1838, Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland 11, pp. 309–36 (Buddle's paper on keeping records of underground workings).Further ReadingR.L.Galloway, 1882, A History of Coalmining in Great Britain, London (deals extensively with Buddle's underground devices).R.W.Sturgess, 1975, Aristocrat in Business: The Third Marquis of Londonderry asCoalowner and Portbuilder, Durham: Durham County Local History Society (concentrates on Buddle's work after 1819).C.E.Hiskey, 1978, John Buddle 1773–1843, Agent and Entrepreneur in the NortheastCoal Trade, unpublished MLitt thesis, Durham University (a very detailed study).WK -
11 Hair, Thomas H.
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]fl. c. 1830–75 northern England[br]English artist whose work was concerned with the industrial landscape.[br]Hair is best known for the folio volume A Series of Views of the Collieries in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham, published in 1839. This is a volume of engravings after watercolours by T.H.Hair which show in its forty-two pictures particular collieries and details of the workings. The accompanying text by M.Ross describes the pictures and the activities of the various collieries in considerable detail. One of Hair's most famous paintings is "Hartley Colliery after the Disaster" (1869). T.H.Hair's paintings and his book are important for they give an accurate picture of industrial Northumberland and Durham in the middle of the nineteenth century.[br]Bibliography1839, A Series of Views of the Collieries in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham, London; reprinted 1969, Newton Abbot.Further ReadingM.Hall, 1973, The Artists of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne.KM -
12 no tener constancia de Algo
(adj.) = unrecordedEx. A study of early printed records for the county of Northumberland has identified some previously unrecorded parochial libraries.* * *(adj.) = unrecordedEx: A study of early printed records for the county of Northumberland has identified some previously unrecorded parochial libraries.
-
13 sin constancia de ello
(adj.) = unrecordedEx. A study of early printed records for the county of Northumberland has identified some previously unrecorded parochial libraries.* * *(adj.) = unrecordedEx: A study of early printed records for the county of Northumberland has identified some previously unrecorded parochial libraries.
-
14 Hedley, William
[br]b. 13 July 1779 Newburn, Northumberland, Englandd. 9 January 1843 Lanchester, Co. Durham, England[br]English coal-mine manager, pioneer in the construction and use of steam locomotives.[br]The Wylam wagonway passed Newburn, and Hedley, who went to school at Wylam, must have been familiar with this wagonway from childhood. It had been built c.1748 to carry coal from Wylam Colliery to the navigable limit of the Tyne at Lemington. In 1805 Hedley was appointed viewer, or manager, of Wylam Colliery by Christopher Blackett, who had inherited the colliery and wagonway in 1800. Unlike most Tyneside wagonways, the gradient of the Wylam line was insufficient for loaded wagons to run down by gravity and they had to be hauled by horses. Blackett had a locomotive, of the type designed by Richard Trevithick, built at Gateshead as early as 1804 but did not take delivery, probably because his wooden track was not strong enough. In 1808 Blackett and Hedley relaid the wagonway with plate rails of the type promoted by Benjamin Outram, and in 1812, following successful introduction of locomotives at Middleton by John Blenkinsop, Blackett asked Hedley to investigate the feasibility of locomotives at Wylam. The expense of re-laying with rack rails was unwelcome, and Hedley experimented to find out the relationship between the weight of a locomotive and the load it could move relying on its adhesion weight alone. He used first a model test carriage, which survives at the Science Museum, London, and then used a full-sized test carriage laden with weights in varying quantities and propelled by men turning handles. Having apparently satisfied himself on this point, he had a locomotive incorporating the frames and wheels of the test carriage built. The work was done at Wylam by Thomas Waters, who was familiar with the 1804 locomotive, Timothy Hackworth, foreman smith, and Jonathan Forster, enginewright. This locomotive, with cast-iron boiler and single cylinder, was unsatisfactory: Hackworth and Forster then built another locomotive to Hedley's design, with a wrought-iron return-tube boiler, two vertical external cylinders and drive via overhead beams through pinions to the two axles. This locomotive probably came into use in the spring of 1814: it performed well and further examples of the type were built. Their axle loading, however, was too great for the track and from about 1815 each locomotive was mounted on two four-wheeled bogies, the bogie having recently been invented by William Chapman. Hedley eventually left Wylam in 1827 to devote himself to other colliery interests. He supported the construction of the Clarence Railway, opened in 1833, and sent his coal over it in trains hauled by his own locomotives. Two of his Wylam locomotives survive— Puffing Billy at the Science Museum, London, and Wylam Dilly at the Royal Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh—though how much of these is original and how much dates from the period 1827–32, when the Wylam line was re-laid with edge rails and the locomotives reverted to four wheels (with flanges), is a matter of mild controversy.[br]Further ReadingP.R.B.Brooks, 1980, William Hedley Locomotive Pioneer, Newcastle upon Tyne: Tyne \& Wear Industrial Monuments Trust (a good recent short biography of Hedley, with bibliography).R.Young, 1975, Timothy Hackworth and the Locomotive, Shildon: Shildon "Stockton \& Darlington Railway" Silver Jubilee Committee; orig. pub. 1923, London.C.R.Warn, 1976, Waggonways and Early Railways of Northumberland, Newcastle upon Tyne: Frank Graham.See also: Stephenson, GeorgePJGR -
15 (граф.) Нортамберленд
Geography: Northumberland (Англия, Великобритания)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > (граф.) Нортамберленд
-
16 Королевский нортумберлендский фузилерный полк
Military: Royal Northumberland FusiliersУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Королевский нортумберлендский фузилерный полк
-
17 Нортумберленд
1) General subject: Northumbria2) Geography: Northumberland (графство Англии), Northumb. -
18 графство Нортамберленд
Cartography: NorthumberlandУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > графство Нортамберленд
-
19 Нортамберленд
Geography: (граф.) Northumberland (Англия, Великобритания) -
20 נורת'אמברלנד
n. Northumberland, county in Northeastern England
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Northumberland — Geografie Status Unitary Authority Zeremonielle Grafschaft Region North East England Fläche 5.013 … Deutsch Wikipedia
Northumberland — Condado de Inglaterra … Wikipedia Español
Northumberland — es un condado de Inglaterra, en el Reino Unido. Está situado en la frontera con Escocia. El límite más extenso del condado se extiende a lo largo del río Humber al norte, al igual que el antiguo reino de Northumbria del rey Edwin. En la… … Enciclopedia Universal
Northumberland — Northumberland, PA U.S. borough in Pennsylvania Population (2000): 3714 Housing Units (2000): 1772 Land area (2000): 1.568288 sq. miles (4.061848 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 1.568288 sq.… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Northumberland, PA — U.S. borough in Pennsylvania Population (2000): 3714 Housing Units (2000): 1772 Land area (2000): 1.568288 sq. miles (4.061848 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 1.568288 sq. miles (4.061848 sq. km) … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Northumberland [1] — Northumberland (spr. thömberländ, Northumbrĭen), engl. Grafschaft, wird im O. von der Nordsee, im Norden und NW. von Schottland, im W. von der Grafschaft Cumberland, im S. von Durham begrenzt und umfaßt 5226 qkm (94,9 QM.) mit (1901) 603,498 Einw … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Northumberland [1] — Northumberland (spr. Nohrshömberl nd, Northumbrien), 1) nördlichste Grafschaft in England, am Deutschen Meere u. Schottland gelegen; 90,98 QM., theils wellenförmig, theils gebirgig durch die Cheviot Hills (im Nord Westen).; felsige Küsten; Flüsse … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Northumberland [2] — Northumberland, Titel mehrer berühmter Geschlechter Englands, bes. der Familie Percy; diese ist normannischen Ursprungs u. ihr Ahnherr kam mit Wilhelm dem Eroberer nach England; ihre Glieder gehörten bald zu den mächtigsten Edelleuten in York u.… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Northumberland [2] — Northumberland (spr. thömberländ), engl. Grafen und Herzogstitel, war zunächst an das alte Geschlecht der Percys geknüpft, dessen Ahnherr William de Percy (gest. um 1096), mit Wilhelm dem Eroberer nach England gekommen, weite Ländereien in den… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Northumberland — (spr. nohrthömmb rländ), nördlichste Grafsch. Englands, 5219 qkm, (1901) 602.859 E.; Hauptstadt Newcastle (on Tyne) … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Northumberland [2] — Northumberland (spr. nohrthömmb rländ), Grafen und Herzogstitel mehrerer berühmter Geschlechter Englands, bes. der Familie Percy. – Henry, Lord Percy, 1377 Graf von N., erst Anhänger, dann Feind Heinrichs IV., suchte diesen mit Hilfe der Schotten … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon