-
81 ann-friðr
ar, m. [önn], ‘work-peace,’ work-truce, commonly during April and May, the time when there were to be no lawsuits (Norse), N. G. L. iii. 19, 94, 95. -
82 antvarða
að, to hand over (Germ. word), H. E. i. 435, in a Norse deed. -
83 ARÐR
(gen. arðrs), m. a simple form plough.* * *rs, m. [Lat. aratrum; Gael. arad; cp. erja, Ulf. arjan, arare; A. S. erian; Old Engl. ear, etc.; in Norse ar or al is a small plough]1. a sort of plough, probably different in size and shape from plógr, which is a later word, of foreign stamp, as are all that have p for their initial letter. The poem Rm. distinguishes between both, göra arðr (acc.) and keyra plóg, 19. The first colonisers of Iceland used arðr, as shewn by Landn. 35 (relating events of the year 875); hann átti einn oxa, ok lét hann þrælana draga arðrinn; eykr fyrir plógi eðr arðri ( plough or ard), N. G. L. ii. 115; ef maðr stel jarni af arðri eðr plógi, id.; höggva má maðr sér til plógs eðr arðs (gen. dropping the radical r), id.; draga arðr, Al. 52; arðri (dat.), Karl. 471, Mar. (Fr.), Stj.: um allt þat er miklu varðar er betri sígandi arðr en svífandi (emend. of Dr. Hallgrim Scheving), a proverb, better a slow but deep trenching plough than a quick and shallow one, Bs. i. 139; the old arðr was probably bulky and heavy.2. metaph. in Icel. at present arðr (gen. arðs, arðar, Snót 90), as well as plógr, means gain, produce, profit: arðsamr, adj. profitable.COMPD: arðsgeldingr. -
84 arfa
-
85 arf-borinn
adj. part., prop. a legitimate son or daughter, Fms. i. 86; defined, sá er a. er kominn er til alls réttar, N. G. L. ii. 211. Freq. spelt árborinn by suppressing the f (so N. G. L. ii. 50), and used in Norse law of a freeman, v. the quotation above from N. G. L., which clearly shews the identity of the two words, i. 171; algildis vitni tveggja manna árborinna ok skilvænna, ii. 211: the alliterated phrase alnir ok árbornir (the phrase aldir og óbornir may be a corruption from arb.), freeborn and freebred, 310. The passage in Stor. verse 2 is in Lex. Poët. explained by olim ablatus: the poet probably meant to say genuine, pure, in a metaph. sense, of the true poetic beverage, not the adulterated one, mentioned in the Edda 49; the cup from the right cask. -
86 arga-fas
n. [argr, craven, and fas = flas by dropping the l (?); flas, n. means praecipitatio, and flasa, að, precipitare, which are common words; this etymology is confirmed by the spelling of the word in Gþl. 188, where some of the MSS. have faas or fias, the last is perh. a false reading = flas; fas, n. gait, manner, is a modern word: v. Pál Vídal. in Skýr.; his etymology, however, is doubtless bad], a law term, a feint, a cowardly assault, an aiming at one’s body and drawing deadly weapons without carrying the threat into effect, termed ‘a coward’s assault;’ in Icel. it was punishable by fjörbaugsgarðr, cp. Grág.; ef maðr mundar til manns ok stöðvar sjálfr, ok varðar fjörbaugsgarð, ok á hinn eigi vígt í gegn ( the injured party must not kill the offender on the spot) skal stefna heiman ok kveðja til níu heimilisbúa þess á þingi er sóttr er, Vsl. ch. 90: ef maðr hleypr at manni, ok heldr hann sér sjálfr; þat er a. ok er þat sektalaust (liable to no punishment, only a dishonourable act; so the Norse law), N. G. L. i. 164, Gþl. 188. -
87 arin-eldr
m. hearth-fire, Lat. focus; þeir eru a., there are three hearths (in a Norse dwelling), Gþl. 376. -
88 arin-elja
u, f. a concubine if kept at home, med. Lat. focaria; the sense defined in N. G. L. i. 356, 16 (Norse). -
89 arin-hella
u, f. [Norse aarhelle or aarstadhyll, the pavement around the hearth], hearth-stone; í a. þar í stofunni, Bs. i. 680. Now in Icel. used in nursery tales of treasures or the like hidden under the arinhella. -
90 ARINN
* * *(gen. arins; dat. arni; pl. amar), m.1) hearth (eldr var á arni); as a law term, fara eldi ok arni, to remove one’s homestead, taking fire and hearth together;* * *s, m., dat. aarni = árni, Fs. 42, Rm. 2, [a word still freq. in Denmark and in Norway; Dan. arne, arnested; Norse aarstad, Ivar Aasen: in Icel. it is very rare]1. a hearth, Fs. (Vd.) 42; kom maðr um nóttina ok tók glæðr af árni, Sturl. ii. 101; þrjá vissa ek elda ( fires), þrjá vissa ek arna ( hearth-stones), Gh. 10; mæli malts af arni hverjum, viz. three for each farm (cp. arineldar, Gþl. 376), Hkr. ii. 384, Fms. x. 398, v. 101.2. as a law term, used in the phrase, fara eldi ok arni, to remove one’s homestead, fire and hearth together, Grág. ii. 253, 334 (where iarni is a corrupt reading). Now in Icel. eldstó.3. metaph. an elevated balcony, pavement, story, scaffold; stafir fjórir stóðu upp ok syllur upp í milli, ok var þar a. á, Fms. viii. 429; í miðju húsinu var a. víðr ( raised floor) … en uppi á arninum var sæng mikil, v. 339, Karl. 190, Stj. 308.β. of a ship, a hatchway, Edda (Gl.)COMPDS: arinshorn, arinsjárn. -
91 armingi
(pl. -jar), m. poor fellow (= aumingi).* * *ja, m., in Norse sense, a poor fellow, Hom. 117, 119: in Icel. a wretch. -
92 ARMR
I)(-s, -ar), m.1) arm;leggja arma um e-n, to embrace (of a woman);koma á arm e-m, to come into one’s embraces (of a woman marrying);2) the wing of a body, opp. to its centre;armar úthafsins, the arms of the ocean, viz. bays and firths;armr fylkingar, a wing of an army.a.1) unhappy, poor;2) wretched, wicked;hinn armi Bjarngrímr, the wretch, scoundrel B.;hin arma kerlingin, the wicked old woman.* * *1.s, m. [Lat. armus; Ulf. arms; Engl. arm; A. S. earm; Germ. arm].1. Lat. brachium in general, the arm from the shoulder to the wrist; sometimes also used partic. of the upper arm or fore arm; the context only can decide. It is rare in Icel.; in prose armleggr and handleggr are more common; but it is often used in dignified style or in a metaph. sense; undir brynstúkuna í arminn, lacertus (?), Fms. viii. 387; gullhringr á armi, in the wrist, Odd. 18; þá lýsti af höndum hennar bæði lopt ok lög, Edda 22, where the corresponding passage of the poem Skm. reads armar, armar lýsa, her arms beamed, spread light.β. poët. phrases; sofa e-m á armi, leggja arma um, to embrace, cp. Germ. umarmen; koma á arm e-m, of a woman marrying, to come into one’s embraces, Fms. xi. 100, Lex. Poët. Rings and bracelets are poët. called armlog, armblik, armlinnr, armsól, armsvell, the light, snake, ice of the arm or wrist; armr sólbrunninn, the sunburnt arms, Rm. 10.2. metaph. the wing of a body, opp. to its centre; armar úthafsins, the arms of the ocean … the bays and firths, Rb. 466; armar krossins, Hom. 103; a wing of a house or building, Sturl. ii. 50; borgar armr, the flanks of a castle, Fms. v. 280; the ends, extremities of a wave, Bs. ii. 50; the yard-arm, Mag. 6; esp. used of the wings of a host in battle (fylkingar armr), í annan arm fylkingar, Fms. i. 169, 170, vi. 406, 413, Fær. 81; in a sea-fight, of the line of ships, Fms. vi. 315; the ends of a bed, sofa upp í arminn, opp. to til fóta; and in many other cases.2.adj. [Ulf. arms; A. S. earm; Germ. arm], never occurs in the sense of Lat. inops, but only metaph. (as in Goth.), viz.:1. Norse, poor, in a good sense (as in Germ.); þær armu sálur, poor souls, Hom. 144; sá armi maðr, poor fellow, 118.2. Icel. in a bad sense, wretched, wicked, nearly always used so, where armr is an abusive, aumr a benevolent term: used in swearing, at fara, vera, manna armastr; þá mælti hann til Sigvalda, at hann skyldi fara m. a., Fms. xi. 141; en allir mæltu, at Egill skyldi fara allra manna a., Eg. 699; enn armi Bjarngrímr, the wretch, scoundrel Bjarngrim, Fær. 239; völvan arma, the accursed witch, Fms. iii. 214; þetta arma naut, Fas. iii. 498; örm vættr, Gkv. 1. 32, Þkv. 29, Sdm. 23, Og. 32; en arma kerling, the vile old witch, Grett. 154, Fas. i. 60; Inn armi, in exclamations, the wretch! -
93 arm-skapaðr
adj. part. [A. S. earmsceapen], poor, miserable, misshapen, Hom. 114, 107 (Norse). -
94 atfarar-þing
n. court of execution, MS. 302, 172 (Norse). -
95 at-för
ar, f.1. prop. a going to; as a Norse law term, execution, domr ok atför, Gþl. 361, 389: mod. Dan. adfœrd, cp. atferð, γ.2. in Icel. commonly of an onslaught or armed aggression, Fms. i. 54, Nj. 93, 93, 99, 113, Sturl. iii. 237, Ann. 1252. 3. method = aðferð, Fms. ii. 328.COMPDS: atfarardómr, atfararþing, atfaralaust. -
96 aurriði
m. salmon-trout.* * *örriði, mod. urriði, a, m. salmo trutta, salmon-trout, Fél. i. II; salmo squamis argenteis, maculis nigris brunneo cinctis, pinna pectorali punctulis sex notata, Eggert Itin. p. 595: deriv. from örr, celer, and -riði, or from aurr (?); the Norse form aure indicates a diphthong, GÞl. 421, Edda (Gl.)COMPDS: aurriðabekkr, aurriðafiski, aurriðanet, aurriðavatn. -
97 au-virð
and auvirði, mod. auðvirði, n. [af, off, and verð, value; the change of letter caused by the following v; a purely Icel. form, the Norse being ‘afv-;’ the mod. Icel. form is auð-v., as if it were to be derived from auð- and verð]:1. a worthless wretch, a laggard, bungler; sel þú upp, auvirðit, knálegar bytturnar, Bungler! hand thou up stoutly the buckets, Fbr. 131; hygg ek at eingi maðr eigi jafnmikil a. at frændum sem ek, Hrafn. II; verða at a., Bret. 163, Sturl. i. 73.2. a law term, damage, anything impairing the value of a thing; hann ábyrgist við þeim auvirðum er þat fær af því skaða, Grág. i. 431.COMPDS: auvirðsmaðr, auvirðsskapr. -
98 au-virðast
d, to become worthless, Eg. 103, Glúm. 377 C.2. in the act. to think unworthy, disparage, Barl. 21, 57, 123, 190, Mar. 83: seldom used except in Norse writers, and consequently spelt with an ‘af-:’ in reflex. sense. Stj. 483. -
99 au-visli
and contr. ausli and usli, a, m.; etym. uncertain, ausli, Gþl. 385 A; usli, N. G. L. i. 246, Fms. i. 202, viii. 341, xi. 35, Edda (Gl.) In the Grág. auvisli, spelt with au or av; in the Ed. of 1829 sometimes with ö where the MSS. have au:I. a law term, damages, Lat. damnum; bæta auvisla is a standing law term for to pay compensation for damages done, the amount of which was to be fixed by a jury; bæta skal hann a. á fjórtán nóttum sem búar fimm virða, Grág. i. 383, 418, ii. 229, 121, 223 (Ed. 1853), 225 (twice): hence auvislabót. In Norse law, gjalda a., Gþl. 384; ábyrgi honum garðinn ok allan ausla þann er, 385 A; beiða usla bótar, N. G. L. i. 246.II. metaph. hurt, injury in general; mondi þeim þá ekki vera gjört til auvisla, Ld. 76; ok er þat þó líkast, at þú setir eigi undan öllum avvisla (thou wilt not get off unscathed), ef þú tekr eigi við, Fms. iii. 144.2. devastation, Fms. xi. 81: esp. by fire and sword in the alliterative phrase, eldr ( fire) ok usli; fara með eld ok usla, i. 202; heldr en þar léki yfir eldr ok usli, viii. 341; þá görði á mikit regn, ok slökði þann eld vandliga, svá at menn máttu þá þegar fara yfir usla þann inn mikla (embers and ruins), xi. 35. In the Edda (Gl.) usli is recorded as one of the sixty names of fire: cp. also the mod. verb ösla, to plunge through: auvisli is now an obsolete word, usli a common word, gjöra usla, to desolate, in the metaph. sense.COMPDS: auvislabót, auslagjald. -
100 á-beri
a, m. an accuser, prosecutor (bera á, accusare), Jb. 252 A; (a Norse law term.)
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