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1 ἐνῶπα
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `in the face, openly; against' m. gen. (Ο 320, Orph. L., Epigr.), univerbation of ἐν ὦπα, cf. ἔναντα and Schwyzer 619.Derivatives: ἐνωπα-δίως `from face to face, in the flesh' (ψ 94), - δίς (A. R. 4, 351), - δόν (Q. S. 2, 84) `id.'.Etymology: Through hypostasis arose ἐνώπ-ιος `in the face, visible', mostly. neutr. as adv. and prep. ἐνώπιον (w. gen.) `in the flesh, personally' (hell.), κατενώπιον `id.' (hell.). Neutr. pl. ἐνώπια `front wall, ouside wall, fassade of a house' (Hom.), also in sing. (Delos IIa); `face' (A. Supp. 146 [lyr.]). - An isolated dative is ἐνωπῃ̃ `in the face, openly' (Ε 374), from ἐνωπή `look, face' (only in ἐνωπῆς γλήνεα Nik. Th. 227; simplex ὠπή A. R.), if not reformatiom of ἐνῶπα after the adverbial datives in -ῃ̃ (σπουδῃ̃ etc.; Schwyzer 622), cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 249. - See ὤψ; and cf. πρόσωπον and μέτωπον.Page in Frisk: 1,526-527Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐνῶπα
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2 ὅμηρος
-ου ὁ N 2 0-0-1-0-7=8 Is 18,2; 1 Mc 1,10; 8,7; 9,53; 10,6Always pl. neutr.: ὅμηρα hostage, group of hostages 1 Mc 9,53; id.? (Hebr. ציר messenger?) Is 18,2;(individual) hostage 1 Mc 1,10 -
3 ἀργός 1
ἀργός 1.Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `shining white', also `quick, mobile' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. podako \/ podargos\/? name of a cow; tomako \/ stomargos\/? (s. στόμα); tumako \/ thumargos\/ ?Compounds: First member ἀργι- in ἀργί-πους, ἀργι-κέραυνος, ἀργι-όδων etc., cf. Sktd. r̥ji- in r̥ji-pyá- (s. αἰγυπιός). ἀργιλίπης s.v. For ἀργιόπους· ἀετός, Μακεδόνες read ἀργίπους. As last member cf. πόδαργος `with quick feet'.Derivatives: ἀργᾶς, -ᾶ m. (Achae.), ἀργόλας m. (Suid.), type of snake. PN with regular accent shift Ἄργος m. (Od.; `quick', the dog of Odysseus) and Άργώ f. `the quick', name of the mythical ship (Od.). ἀργήεις s.s.v. ἀργής. On ἀργι- (s. comp.) ἀργινόεις (Β 647, 656); from here Άργινοῦσσαι. A neutr. s-stem in ἐν-αργής and in: 1. ἀργεσ-τής m. epithet of the southwind ( νότος, Il.), and the westwind ( Ζέφυρος, Hes.) `clear', also as name of the wind (with regular acc. shift) Άργέστης (Arist.); just for ἀργής Nic. Th. 592; 2. ἀργεννός \< *ἀργεσ-νός `shining white', an Aeolic form (Il.). On the t-stem ἀργής s.v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [64] *h₂rǵ- `white'Etymology: Agrees with Skt. r̥jrá-, which points to *h₂rǵ-ro- \> *ἀργρος, which by dissimilation became ἀργός; ἀργι- agrees with Skt. r̥ji- (i: ro from a Caland-system). The root *-h₂(e)rǵ- is found in several languages: Lat. argentum (s. ἄργυρος), Skt. árjuna- `white, light', Toch. A ārki, B arkwi `white', Hitt. h̯arkiš `white, hell'. It is generally assumed that the meaning `white' and `quick' have the same source. S. ἄργεμον, ἀργής, ἄργυροςPage in Frisk: 1,132-133Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀργός 1
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4 ἔρα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `earth', by Erot., Str. a. o. explained with γῆ, in ἔραζε, Dor. ἔρασδε `on the earth' (Il.); here ἔρας γῆς H.Compounds: The word is further supposed in compounds, e. g. as 2. member in πολύ-ηρος πολυάρουρος, πλούσιος H., as 1. member in ἐρεσι-μήτρην την γεωμετρίαν H.; on the last Hoffmann Festschr. Bezzenberger 82ff., who wants to read H. ἔρας γῆ and takes the word as neutr.; ἔραζε then from *ἔρασ-δε.Derivatives: ἐράναι βωμοί H. (Schwyzer 489; very doubtful); denomin. verb in ἀπ-εράω (s. v.) a. o. - Cf. also on ἔνεροι.Etymology: A general resemblance show a few Germanic and Celtic expressions for `earth etc.': OHG ero `earth', ONord. jǫrvi `sand(bank)', Welsh erw `field', all with u̯-suffix (old u-stem?); Goth. airÞa, ONord. jǫrđ, MIr. ert `earth'; all with t-suffix; unclear is Arm. erkir `earth'. - See Specht Ursprung 22; s. also Fraenkel Glotta 35, 79, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 247 w. n. 2. Further Pok. 332.Page in Frisk: 1,546-547Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔρα
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5 κέλευθος
Grammatical information: f., pl. also -α n. (on the fem. gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 2, on the neutr. plur. Egli Heteroklisie 125)Meaning: `road, path, course, journey' (Il., also IG 5 [2] 3, 23, Tegea IVa)Compounds: rarely as 1. member, e. g. κελευθο-ποιός `making a path' (A.), more often as 2. member, e. g. ἱππο-κέλευθος `making the road on a chariot, chariot-fighter' (Il., of Patroklos); ἀκόλουθος `following, attending on', often subst, α privativum (the double ablaut is surprising; assim.from *ἀκολευθ-?)Derivatives: κελεύθειᾰ f. `goddess of the road', surname of Athena in Sparta (Paus. 3, 12, 4; after the nouns in - ειᾰ), κελευθείας τὰς ἐνοδίους δαίμονας H.; κελευθήτης `voyager' (AP 6, 120), after ἀγυιήτης, πολιήτης a. o.; a change to the more usual - ίτης (e. g. proposed by Redard Les noms grecs en - της 33) is unnecessary (in spite of ὁδίτης). - On κέλευθος a. rel. in gen.. Ruijgh L'élément achéen 123f.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The difficulty of finding an example for the θ-suffix, has resulted in many attempts to cennect κέλευθος with ἐλευθ- in ἐλεύσομαι etc. Thus Brugmann Sächs. Ber. 1897, 28 ( κέλευθος contaminated from κελεύειν and ἐλευθ-), Pisani Rend. Acc. Lincei 6: 5, 9 (from κε- in κεῖνος a. o. and ἐλευθ-; against this Kretschmer Glotta 20, 253), id. Ist. Lomb. 77, 552f. (from *κελο-λευθος; from κέλομαι). Diff., not better, Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 373ff.: κέλευθος reshaped after κέλομαι for *κλεῦθος (to κλύω, s. v.). Direct connection with κελεύειν suggested by Specht Ursprung 254 and 280, whereby he identifies, not very probably, the suffix θ as IE. th in Skt. pánthāḥ `road' (see on πόντος) and in Lith. keliū́ta `road'. The last is clearly built on kẽli-as `road, street, course' and has no direct connection with κέλευθος; cf. Fraenkel KZ 72, 177. Nor can au in the denomin. keli-áuti `voyage, travel' and ευ in κέλευθος be identified (as Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kẽlias).Page in Frisk: 1,815-816Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κέλευθος
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6 κόνις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `dust, ashes' (Il.).Other forms: dat. -ι, - ειCompounds: As 1. member in κονι-ορ-τός m. `cloud of dust' (IA.), from ὄρ-νυμι with το- (diff. Pisani Ist. Lomb. 77, 558), NGr. κορνιαχτός (Hatzidakis Glotta 3, 70ff.); in the compp. κονί̄-σαλος m. ( κονίσ-σαλος, cf. below) `cloud of dust' (Il.), `the dust with oil- and sweat of a wrestler' (Gal.), also name of a priapus-like demon (com., inscr.) and a lascivious dance (H.; cf. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 161 a. 279); in the last meaning by Fick a. o. (s. Scheller Oxytonierung 50 n. 2) considered as an independent word; κονί̄-ποδες m. pl. `kind of shoes' (Ar. Ek. 848, Poll.), name of the slaves in Epid. (Plu.; French parallels in Niedermann KZ 45, 182).Derivatives: Denomin. verb κονί̄ω, - ίομαι, fut. κονί̄σω, hell. κονιοῦμαι, aor. κονῖσαι ( κονίσσαι), perf. midd. κεκόνι(σ)μαι, also with ἐν-, δια- a. o., `cover with dust, oneself with sand' (Il.; on the formation below); κόνιμα (Delphi IIIa), - ισμα (Cythera) `dust of the wrestlers place', κόνισις `make dust, training at the wrestlers place' (Arist.), ἐνκονιστάς m. `gymnasta' (Thebes; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 174f.), κονίστρα (Arist.), κονιστήριον (Pergam. IIa) `wrestlers place', κονιστικός `welter in the dust' (Arist.). Enlarged form κονίζεσθαι κυλίεσθαι, φθείρεσθαι, κονιορτοῦσθαι H. (here also κονιοῦμαι?). Further derivv.: κόνιος `dusty' (Pi.), `creating dust' (Paus., surn. of Zeus), κονιώδης `like ashes' (Hp.). - κονία, ep. Ion. - ίη, metr. lengthened -ί̄η ( κόννα σποδός H. Aeol.?) `dust, ashes, sand' (Hom., Hes. Sc., A., E.), `alkaline fluid' (Ar., Pl., Thphr., medic.), `chalk, whitewash, gypsum' (LXX, hell.). κονιάω `smear with chalk ' (D., Arist.) with κονίαμα `id.' (Hp., D., hell.), κονίασις `whitewash' (hell. inscr.), κονιατήρ `whitewasher' (Epid. IVa), κονιατής `id.' (inscr., pap.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 36); κονιατός `whitewashed' (X., Thphr., pap.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 17), κονιατικά ( ἔργα) `stucco-works' (pap., inscr.). Also κονιάζομαι `be covered with ashes' (Gp.).Etymology: κόνις differs from Lat. cinis, - eris m. (f.) in the o-vocalism (e: o); the s-stem seen in ciner-is and cinis-culus can also be assumed for κονίσ-σαλος, κεκόνισ-μαι, κονί̄ω \< *κονισ-ι̯ω, κονί-α \< *κονισ-α (details in Scheller Oxytonierung 49f.). The word was perhaps originally an neutr. is-(i-?)stem; s. Benveniste Origines 34, Specht Ursprung 298. The basis may hace been a lost verb meaning `scratch, plane, scour'; one also compares - κναίω.Page in Frisk: 1,911-912Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόνις
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7 μάκαρ
Grammatical information: m. (Il.), also f. (E., Ar.) beside μάκαιρα (h. Ap. 14; Zumbach Neuerungen 8), also n. (in obl. cas.; AP, Nonn.),Meaning: adjunct of gods and men, `happy, holy'.Derivatives: Sup. μακάρτατος (Od., A., S.); μακάριος `blessed, happy' (Pi.); often in address (Pl., Ar.; cf. δαιμόνιε [s. δαίμων]), with μακαριότης `blessedness' (Pl. Lg., Arist.); μακαρία f. `id.' (Ar., Pl. Hp. Ma. 293a); μακαρίτης, Dor. -τᾱς, f. - τις "member of the company of the blessed", `the blessed' (A., Ar., Men., Theoc. ; Redard 30, Bloch Mus. Helv. 12, 59). Denomin. verb μακαρίζω `praise (as blessed)' (Od.) with μακαριστός (IA.), also proparoxyton μακάριστος (Seiler Steigerungsformen 104), μακαρισμός m. `blessing' (Pl. R., Arist.), μακαριστής m. (J.). -- Also μακαρτός `blessed' (AP 7, 740, 5; verse-end), as if from *μακαίρω. - Unclear μακαρίνη ἀνδράχνη H. (like βολβίνη ; Chantraine Form. 204).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As adj. in - αρ (-ᾱρ) μάκαρ is quite isolated. The idea of Brugmann (IF 18, 434; agreeing Benveniste Origines 18, Schwyzer 519), that μάκαρ would orig. be a neutr. *'blessedness', from where incidental μάκᾱρ (and f. μάκαιρα), is formally understandable, but is not supported by the texts. - No etymology; Curtius, Fick-, Prellwitz (s. Bq) connect μακρός. To be rejected also Krappe Rev. de phil. 66, 245 f. (loan from Egyptian). - Rather a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,162-163Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάκαρ
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8 οἶσος
οἶσος (- ός)Grammatical information: m.Meaning: kind of wicker, `chasteberry' (Thphr., Ael. Dion.).Derivatives: οἶσον = σχοινίον H.; οἶσαξ, - ακος f. kind of willow (Gp.); on the formation Strömberg Pfl.namen 78. -- Besides οἰσύ-α -η f. ' λύγος, willow' (Poll.), οἰ. ἀγρία = ἑλξίνη (Ps.-Dsc.), with οἰσυουργός m. `basketmaker' (Eup.), τὰ οἴσυα n. pl. "the basketry" = `basket market' (Lycurg.), οἰσύ-ινος `made of οἰ.' (ε 256, Th.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1120] *u̯ei-t- `wind, bend'; PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: From *Ϝοι-τϜ-ος resp. *Ϝοι-τύ-ᾱ, enlargements of *Ϝοι-τυ-, which is with tu-suffix and old o-ablaut derived from the IE verb u̯ei-'wind, bend'; s. ἰτέα, ἴτυς, with lit. An i-lengthening is seen in OCS větv-ъ f. `branch' from *u̯oi-tu̯-i-. On the formation Schwyzer 506 a. 472, Chantraine Form. 103, on τυ \> συ Schwyzer 272. - The form in - υα does not look very IE; is the word Pre-Greek? Also οἶσαξ looks Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,368Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἶσος
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