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1 Mac OS X
Succédant au MAC OS (operating system) en mars 2001, Mac OS X est le système d’exploitation des Mac (Macintosh), la gamme d’ordinateurs personnels d’Apple. "Mac OS X est entièrement basé sur Unix. C’est la grande différence avec Mac OS. Ces deux OS sont tout à fait différents. Mac OS X a accès à la BSD (Berkeley system distribution) et aux logiciels libres. Et, comme Unix, il est multi-tâches. Le système Mac OS X est basé sur FreeBSD, un système Unix open source comme GNU/Linux, nommé Darwin. Mac OS X est un Unix avec une interface graphique avancée, largement inspirée des versions précédentes et de l’interface NeXT, tout en apportant de nombreuses nouveautés. Contrairement à ses prédécesseurs, Mac OS X offre le multi-tâches préemptif (préemptif: qui peut arrêter à tout moment n’importe quelle application pour passer à la suivante, ndlr), la gestion multi-processeurs et multi-utilisateurs, la mémoire protégée... et une sécurité que l’on dit sans égale." (Nicolas Pewny, consultant internet & publishing, rubrique Mac). Tout comme le MAC OS dès 1985, Mac OS X propose plusieurs outils intégrés à destination des personnes handicapées, sourdes, aveugles ou malvoyantes. Le Mac OS X Tiger (Mac OS X 10.4) date d’avril 2005. Le Mac OS X Leopard (Mac OS X 10.5) est lancé en octobre 2007.
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