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41 opaque mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > opaque mirror
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42 outer mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > outer mirror
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43 parabolic mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > parabolic mirror
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44 semireflecting mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > semireflecting mirror
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45 semitransmitting mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > semitransmitting mirror
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46 transmitting mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > transmitting mirror
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47 variable reflectivity mirror
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > variable reflectivity mirror
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48 long-focus mirror
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > long-focus mirror
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49 short-focus mirror
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > short-focus mirror
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50 long-focus mirror
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > long-focus mirror
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51 short-focus mirror
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > short-focus mirror
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52 fixed mirror-distributed focus
Солнечная энергия: фиксированное зеркало с распределённым фокусомУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > fixed mirror-distributed focus
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53 fixed-mirror line-focus system
Солнечная энергия: система с линейным фокусом и неподвижным зеркаломУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > fixed-mirror line-focus system
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54 long-focus mirror
Техника: длиннофокусное зеркало -
55 short-focus mirror
Техника: короткофокусное зеркало -
56 fixed mirror-distributed focus
English-Russian solar energy dictionary > fixed mirror-distributed focus
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57 fixed-mirror line-focus system
English-Russian solar energy dictionary > fixed-mirror line-focus system
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58 short-focus mirror
English-Russian dictionary of telecommunications > short-focus mirror
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59 Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph
[br]b. 22 February 1857 Hamburg, Germanyd. 1 January 1894 Bonn, Germany[br]German physicist who was reputedly the first person to transmit and receive radio waves.[br]At the age of 17 Hertz entered the Gelehrtenschule of the Johaneums in Hamburg, but he left the following year to obtain practical experience for a year with a firm of engineers in Frankfurt am Main. He then spent six months at the Dresden Technical High School, followed by year of military service in Berlin. At this point he decided to switch from engineering to physics, and after a year in Munich he studied physics under Helmholtz at the University of Berlin, gaining his PhD with high honours in 1880. From 1883 to 1885 he was a privat-dozent at Kiel, during which time he studied the electromagnetic theory of James Clerk Maxwell. In 1885 he succeeded to the Chair in Physics at Karlsruhe Technical High School. There, in 1887, he constructed a rudimentary transmitter consisting of two 30 cm (12 in.) rods with metal balls separated by a 7.5 mm (0.3 in.) gap at the inner ends and metallic plates at the outer ends, the whole assembly being mounted at the focus of a large parabolic metal mirror and the two rods being connected to an induction coil. At the other side of his laboratory he placed a 70 cm (27½ in.) diameter wire loop with a similar air gap at the focus of a second metal mirror. When the induction coil was made to create a spark across the transmitter air gap, he found that a spark also occurred at the "receiver". By a series of experiments he was not only able to show that the invisible waves travelled in straight lines and were reflected by the parabolic mirrors, but also that the vibrations could be refracted like visible light and had a similar wavelength. By this first transmission and reception of radio waves he thus confirmed the theoretical predictions made by Maxwell some twenty years earlier. It was probably in his experiments with this apparatus in 1887 that Hertz also observed that the voltage at which a spark was able to jump a gap was significantly reduced by the presence of ultraviolet light. This so-called photoelectric effect was subsequently placed on a theoretical basis by Albert Einstein in 1905. In 1889 he became Professor of Physics at the University of Bonn, where he continued to investigate the nature of electric discharges in gases at low pressure until his death after a long and painful illness. In recognition of his measurement of radio and other waves, the international unit of frequency of an oscillatory wave, the cycle per second, is now universally known as the Hertz.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Society Rumford Medal 1890.BibliographyMuch of Hertz's work, including his 1890 paper "On the fundamental equations of electrodynamics for bodies at rest", is recorded in three collections of his papers which are available in English translations by D.E.Jones et al., namely Electric Waves (1893), Miscellaneous Papers (1896) and Principles of Mechanics (1899).Further ReadingJ.G.O'Hara and W.Pricha, 1987, Hertz and the Maxwellians, London: Peter Peregrinus. J.Hertz, 1977, Heinrich Hertz, Memoirs, Letters and Diaries, San Francisco: San Francisco Press.R.Appleyard, 1930, Pioneers of Electrical Communication.See also: Heaviside, OliverKFBiographical history of technology > Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph
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60 lens
1) линза5) нефт. линзовидная залежь, линза || отлагаться в виде линзовидной залежи•-
accessory lens
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achromatic lens
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acoustic lens
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acoustic traveling-wave lens
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afocal lens
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anamorphotic lens
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anastigmatic lens
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anastigmat lens
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antenna lens
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antireflection lens
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aplanatic lens
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aplanat lens
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apochromatic lens
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apochromat lens
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aspheric lens
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astigmatic lens
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attachment lens
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auto-zoom lens
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auxiliary lens
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bayonet-mount lens
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biconcave lens
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biconvex lens
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bifocal lens
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blimped lens
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bloomed lens
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box-shaped lens
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camera lens
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catadioptric lens
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cine lens
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cine projection lens
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cinematographic taking lens
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circular Fresnel lens
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close-up lens
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coarse lens
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coated lens
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collecting lens
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collimating lens
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collimator lens
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color-corrected lens
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composite lens
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concave lens
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concave-convex lens
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condenser lens
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converging-meniscus lens
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convertible lens
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convex lens
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convexo-concave lens
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convex-concave lens
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convexo-convex lens
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corrected lens
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correcting lens
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coupling lens
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deanamorphic lens
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delay lens
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demagnification lens
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demag lens
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dielectric lens
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diffusion lens
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diopter lens
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distortion lens
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divergent lens
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divergent-meniscus lens
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diverging lens
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double-concave lens
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double-convex lens
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double-focus lens
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dual lens
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dwarf-signal lens
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echelon lens
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electromagnetic lens
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electronic lens
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electron lens
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electrostatic lens
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enlarging lens
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equiconcave lens
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equiconvex lens
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erector lens
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expander lens
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exposure lens
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eyepiece lens
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eye lens
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fast lens
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fiber lens
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field lens
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fisheye lens
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fixed-focus lens
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floating-component lens
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floating lens
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fly's-eye lens
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Fourier transform lens
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fresh-water lens
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Fresnel lens
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gas lens
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geodesic lens
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gradient-index lens
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gradient-index rod lens
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grating lens
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high-resolution lens
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high-speed lens
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holographic lens
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horn lens
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image stabilizing lens
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image-forming lens
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immersion lens
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interchangeable lens
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laminated lens
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large aperture ratio lens
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large aperture lens
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lattice lens
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lens of material
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lenticular lens
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light-signal lens
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linear Fresnel lens
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liquid lens
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long-focal-length lens
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Luneberg lens
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macro lens
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magnetic lens
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magnifying lens
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meniscus lens
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mirror lens
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motion-picture camera lens
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motion-picture projector lens
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negative lens
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normal-angle lens
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normal lens
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objective lens
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overlay lens
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pancratic lens
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panoramic lens
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path-length lens
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photochromic lens
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plano-concave lens
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plano-convex lens
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positive lens
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process lens
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projection lens
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reconstructing lens
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reduction lens
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reference lens
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relay lens
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replica corrector lens
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reproduction lens
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retrofocus lens
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rod lens
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roof lens
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rotationally symmetric lens
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short-focal-length lens
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silicone-glass Fresnel lens
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soft-focus lens
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spectacle lens
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spherical lens
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squeeze lens
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stabilized lens
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standard lens
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stepped lens
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stippled lens
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stopped-down lens
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studio/field zoom lens
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supplementary lens
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taking lens
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telenegative lens
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telephoto lens
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telescopic lenses
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thermal lens
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transforming lens
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two-dimensional lens
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two-stage linear Fresnel lens
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two-tube electrostatic lens
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variable magnification zoom lens
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variable-focal-length lens
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varifocal lens
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waveguide lens
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wide-angle lens
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zoned lens
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zoom lens
См. также в других словарях:
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