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1 микроэкономическая модель
микроэкономическая модель
Экономико-математическая модель, отражающая функционирование и структуру отдельного элемента экономической системы, взаимодействие его с другими элементами системы в процессе ее функционирования. (см. Макроподход и микроподход). Четкого отграничения микромоделей от макромоделей нет. Как правило, этот термин относят, однако, к изучению деятельности таких ведущих звеньев экономики, как домашнее хозяйство (потребитель) и фирма (производитель). Домашнее хозяйство стремится к максимизации полезности, фирма — к максимизации прибыли. Соответственно, к М.м. относят, например, модели спроса и потребления, модели поведения фирмы, модели ценообразования, модели рынка товаров, рынка капиталов и других частных рынков. М.м. описывает поведение конкретных экономических объектов (вплоть до отдельной личности — потребителя или производителя), принимающих решения (осуществляющих выбор возможных альтернатив) в условиях функционирования социально-экономической системы. Каждый объект получает или покупает, или добывает каким-то иным путем нужную ему информацию, распределяет имеющиеся ресурсы, разрабатывает правила выбора альтернатив и стратегию дальнейших действий и т.д. Исходя из этого, можно выделить три существенные области применения М.м.: ценообразование, принятие решений об объеме производства и продаж, распределение доходов. Отличие М.м. от макромоделей: б?льшая зависимость от внешней среды, дезагрегация показателей. Так же, как и макроэкономические модели, микромодели могут быть статическими и динамическими, детерминированными и вероятностными, дискретными и непрерывными.
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > микроэкономическая модель
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2 modello
1. adj model2. m model( indossatore) male modeldi vestito style( formulario) forminformation technology template* * *modello s.m.1 (esemplare perfetto) model, paragon, pattern: questo scrittore è un modello di stile, this writer is a model of style; quella donna è un modello di virtù, that woman is a paragon of virtue; un modello di cavalleria, a pattern of chivalry // (dir.) modello di diligenza, standard of care2 (riproduzione di un originale) model: il modello di una casa, the model of a house; modello di creta, gesso, cera, clay, plaster, wax model; modello in scala, scale model; questa statua è solo il modello di un'opera antica, this statue is just a model of an ancient work; fare un modello di una nave, to make a model of a ship3 (stampo) mould (anche fig.): questi pezzi sono tutti fatti sullo stesso modello, all these pieces are made from the same mould4 (corpo su cui si forma lo stampo) (casting) pattern: modello di macchina, pattern of a machine; modello di statua, pattern of a statue5 (di sartoria) pattern: modello di vestito, pattern of a dress; tagliare sul modello, to cut from a pattern; chi ha disegnato il modello?, who designed this pattern?; il modello dell'abito è bello, ma il tessuto è pessimo, the dress is well-designed but the fabric is very poor6 (prodotto, creazione industriale) model: gli ultimi modelli di Parigi, the latest models (o fashions) from Paris; il Salone dell'Automobile presenta tutti i nuovi modelli, the Motor Show exhibits all the new models; l'ultimo modello ha i finestrini automatici, the latest model has electronic windows; è un'automobile di vecchio modello, this car is an old model; ne abbiamo diversi modelli, we have a variety of models; modello di serie, standard model; modello fuori serie, special model; produrre un nuovo modello di utilitaria, to produce a new model of economy car // (comm.): modello brevettato, patent model; modello depositato, registered pattern // modello italiano, Italian design7 (persona, cosa che serve da modello) model: il Manzoni è il suo modello, Manzoni is his model; non si è attenuto al modello, he did not stick to the model; prendere qlcu. per modello, to take s.o. as one's model; servire da modello a un artista, (posare per lui) to sit for an artist; per modello prese un ragazzo qualsiasi, he took an ordinary boy as a model8 (manichino) manikin, tailor's dummy9 (mat.) model: teoria dei modelli, model theory; modello matematico, mathematical model // (fis. nucleare) modello (nucleare) a goccia, liquid drop model // (econ.): modello macroeconomico, microeconomico, macroeconomic, microeconomic model; modello econometrico, econometric model; modello di confronto, standard of comparison; modello di mercato, market pattern10 (inform.) pattern; (di scrittura dati) picture11 (modulo) form // (trib.) modello 101, tax-return form◆ agg. exemplary, model (attr.): una fattoria modello, a model farm; ragazza modello, exemplary girl; Anna è una moglie modello, Ann is an exemplary (o a model o a perfect) wife.* * *[mo'dɛllo]1. sm1) (gen), fig model, (stampo) mould Brit, mold Ammodello di serie/in scala — production/scale model
3) Amm form2. agg inv(madre, marito, ospedale ecc) model attr* * *[mo'dɛllo] 1.sostantivo maschile1) (esempio) model, example, patternsul modello di — on the model o pattern of
seguire un modello — to follow a model o an example
prendere qcn. a modello — to model oneself on sb.
un modello di chiarezza, eleganza — a model of clarity, elegance
2) (di prodotto) model, design3) (di abito) model, design, styleun modello estivo, invernale — a summer, winter style
4) art. fot. (male) modelfare da modello a qcn. — to pose as a model for sb
5) (indossatore) (male) (fashion) model6) (schema) modelmodello educativo, economico — educational, economic model
7) ind. tecn. (riproduzione) model8) burocr. (per la dichiarazione dei redditi)2.modello 740, 730, unico — = various types of income tax return
aggettivo [impiegato, marito, scolaro] model attrib., exemplary; [ cittadino] upstanding; [prigione, fabbrica] model attrib., showcase* * *modello/mo'dεllo/ ⇒ 18I sostantivo m.1 (esempio) model, example, pattern; sul modello di on the model o pattern of; seguire un modello to follow a model o an example; prendere qcn. a modello to model oneself on sb.; un modello di chiarezza, eleganza a model of clarity, elegance; modello di comportamento pattern of behaviour2 (di prodotto) model, design; l'ultimo modello the latest model; la tenda modello grande the large-size tent3 (di abito) model, design, style; un modello estivo, invernale a summer, winter style4 art. fot. (male) model; fare da modello a qcn. to pose as a model for sb.5 (indossatore) (male) (fashion) model; lavorare come modello to (work as a) model6 (schema) model; modello educativo, economico educational, economic model8 burocr. (per la dichiarazione dei redditi) modello 740, 730, unico = various types of income tax returnII aggettivo[impiegato, marito, scolaro] model attrib., exemplary; [ cittadino] upstanding; [prigione, fabbrica] model attrib., showcase; questo è un ospedale modello this hospital is a showpiece. -
3 микроэкономическая модель
Accounting: microeconomic modelУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > микроэкономическая модель
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4 черта, отличительная
черта микроэкономической теории, отличительная — distinctive feature of microeconomic theory
Отличительная черта микроэкономической теории заключается в её стремлении к моделированию экономической деятельности как взаимодействия отдельных экономических агентов, преследующих свои частные интересы. — A distinctive feature of microeconomic theory is that it aims to model economic activity as an interaction of individual economic agents pursuing their private interests.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > черта, отличительная
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