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61 ars
ars artis, f [1 AR-], practical skill: manus et ars: arte laboratae vestes, V. — Esp., skill in a special pursuit, a profession, business, art: musica, poetry, T.: magica, V.: (artes) militares et imperatoriae, L.: civiles, politics, Ta.: dicendi, oratory: belli, L.: arte canere, O. — Poet.: artes Infra se positas, i. e. inferior ability, H.—Science, learning, knowledge: Graecae: optimae, N.: inventor artium (Mercurius), Cs. — Theory, general principles: alqd ad artem et ad praecepta revocare.— A work of art: exquisitae: clipeus, Didymaonis artes, V.: Quas (artīs) Parrhasius protulit, H. — Conduct, practice, character: veteres revocavit artīs, ancient virtues, H.: artis bonae fama, S.: artes eximiae: Nihil istac opus est arte, sed eis... Fide et taciturnitate, the service I want is not cookery, but, etc., T.: artium Gratarum facies, charming manners, H. — Cunning, artifice, stratagem, trick, fraud, deceit: arte tractare virum, T.: capti arte, L.: novas artīs versare, V.: nocendi, means, V.: dolosae, O.: arte ducis elusi, Ta.—An elementary treatise, instruction-book: praecepta in artibus relinquere: artem scindes Theodori, Iu.* * *skill/craft/art; trick, wile; science, knowledge; method, way; character (pl.) -
62 disciplīna
disciplīna ae, f [discipulus], instruction, tuition, teaching, training, education: puerilis: adulescentīs in disciplinam ei tradere: te in disciplinam meam tradere: in disciplinam (Druidum) convenire, Cs.: res, quarum est disciplina, the objects of instruction: quae (incommoda) pro disciplinā et praeceptis habere possent, Cs.— Learning, knowledge, science, discipline, culture: homo (summā) disciplinā: a pueris nullo officio aut disciplinā adsuefacti, Cs.: Italia plena Graecarum disciplinarum: his disciplinis institutus: militiae, tactics: bellica: militaris, military discipline, L.: occidere non disciplinā, sed impetu, Ta.: navalis: rei p., statesmanship: vetus regum, severity: familiae gravis: maiorum, S.: certa vivendi, orderly way: populorum, the art of governing: philosophiae, a system: tres trium disciplinarum principes.— A custom, habit: Nam disciplinast eis, demunerarier, etc., T.: imitari avi mores disciplinamque: familiae. — A school: itinera disciplinarum: philosophorum disciplinae, sects, T.* * *teaching, instruction, education; training; discipline; method, science, study -
63 empirie
n. empiricism, method of learning based on observation and experience -
64 empirisme
n. empiricism, method of learning based on observation and experience -
65 osametodi
• part method of learning -
66 ikasbide
iz.1. lesson, exercise2. learning method -
67 итеративный метод
iterative approach мат., learning methodРусско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > итеративный метод
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68 экспресс-метод
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69 групповые методы обучения
Члены группы знакомятся с групповыми структурами и процессами, изучая свои взаимодействия в том виде, в котором они их воспринимают. Основное внимание в этом случае уделяется обучению на основе личного опыта. — The members of a group learn about group structures and processes by studying their own interactions as they experience them. The emphasis here is on learning through personal experience.
Обычно используется для оценки состояния оборудования и рабочих мест и отличается от метода расследования несчастных случаев наличием доступа к большему числу случаев для исследования и классификации. — This technique is normally used for evaluating equipment and workplaces and differs from the accident investigation method in that it has an access to more instances for study and classification.
метод, потенциально дорогостоящий — potentially expensive technique
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > групповые методы обучения
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70 разветвленная программа
( разветвленное программирование) branching programРазветвленная программа предназначена для преодоления индивидуальных различий в темпе усвоения учебного материала (по обучающей программе). В конце каждого предъявления учащийся обязан выбрать один из нескольких ответов. Правильный ответ приводит его к следующему этапу, а неправильный к повторению или дополнительному объяснению. Применение метода последовательного продвижения облегчается использованием обучающей машины или скремблированного учебника. — The branching program is designed to cope with individual differences in rate of learning. At the end of each presentation, the student is obliged to select one of a number of offered solutions to a set problem. A correct answer will lead him progressively on; a faulty answer leads to recapitulation or further explanation. The method of progression is facilitated by the use of a teaching machine or by the use of a scrambled textbook.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > разветвленная программа
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71 система обучения
Система обучения должна оценивать успехи учащегося без создания препятствий относительно места его учебы, темпа и метода или даже последовательности обучения. Вместо этого она должна максимально непосредственно оценивать достижение целей обучения. — The instructional system should evaluate student achievement not by raising barriers concerning the place where the student studies, the rate at which he studies, the method by which he studies, or even the sequence in which he studies, but instead by evaluating as directly as possible the achievement of learning goals.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > система обучения
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72 поле ошибок
метод подбора, метод проб и ошибок — trial and error method
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73 schools
1 [als op school] school♦voorbeelden:een schoolse stijl • an academic styleeen methode schools navolgen • follow a method rigidly -
74 Godowsky, Leopold Jr
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 27 May 1900 Chicago, Illinois, USA d. 1983[br]American musician and photographic experimenter whose researches, with those of his colleague Mannes, led to the introduction of the first commercial tripack colour film, Kodachrome.[br]Both from distinguished musical families, Godowsky and Leopold Damrosch Mannes met at Riverdale School in New York in 1916, and shared an interest in photography. They began experiments in methods of additive colour photography, gaining a patent for a three-colour projector. Godowsky went to the University of California to study chemistry, physics and mathematics, while working as a professional violinist; Mannes, a pianist, went to Harvard to study music and physics. They kept in touch, and after graduating they joined up in New York, working as musicians and experimenting in colour photography in their spare time.Initially working in kitchens and bathrooms, they succeeded in creating a two-layer colour photographic plate, with emulsions separately sensitized to parts of the spectrum, and patented the process. This achievement was all the greater since they were unable to make the emulsions themselves and had to resort to buying commercial photographic plates so that they could scrape off the emulsions, remelt them and coat their experimental materials. In 1922 their work came to the attention of C.E.K. Mees, the leading photographic scientist and Director of the Eastman Kodak Research Laboratory in Rochester, New York. Mees arranged for plates to be coated to their specifications. With a grant from Kuhn, Loeb \& Co. they were able to rent laboratory space. Learning of Rudolf Fischer's early work on dye couplers, they worked to develop a new process incorporating them. Mees saw that their work, however promising, would not develop in an amateur laboratory, and in 1930 he invited them to join the Kodak Research Laboratory, where they arrived on 15 June 1931. Their new colleagues worked on ways of coating multi-layer film, while Mannes and Godowsky worked out a method of separately processing the individual layers in the exposed film. The result was Kodachrome film, the first of the modern integral tripack films, launched on 15 April 1935.They remained with Eastman Kodak until December 1939; their work contributed to the later appearance of Ektachrome colour-reversal film and the Kodacolor and Eastman Color negative-positive colour processes. Mannes became the Director of his father's Music Academy in New York, remaining as such until his death in 1964. Godowsky returned to Westport, Connecticut, and continued to study mathematics at Columbia University. He carried out photographic research un his private laboratory up until the time of his death in 1983.[br]Further ReadingC.E.K.Mees, 1961, From Dry Plates to Ektachrome Film, New York.BC -
75 Pasley, General Sir Charles William
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. 8 September 1780 Eskdalemuir, Dumfriesshire, Scotlandd. 19 April 1861 London, England[br]Scottish Colonel-Commandant, Royal Engineers.[br]At first he was educated by Andrew Little of Lan-gholm. At the age of 14 he was sent to school at Selkirk, where he stayed for two years until joining the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich in August 1796. He was commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery and transferred to the Royal Engineers on 1 April 1798. He served at Minorca, Malta, Naples, Sicily, Calabria and in the siege of Copenhagen and in other campaigns. He was promoted First Captain in 1807, and was on the staff of Sir John Moore at the battle of Coruna. He was wounded at the siege of Flushing in 1809 and was invalided for a year, employing his time in learning German.In November 1810 he published his Essay on Military Policy and Institutions of the British Empire, which ran through four editions. In 1811 he was in command of a company of Royal Military Artificers at Plymouth and there he devised a method of education by which the NCOs and troops could teach themselves without "mathematical masters". His system was a great success and was adopted at Chatham and throughout the corps. In 1812 he was appointed Director of the School of Military Engineering at Chatham. He remained at Chatham until 1841, when he was appointed Inspector-General of Railways. During this period he organized improved systems of sapping, mining, telegraphing, pontooning and exploding gunpowder on land or under water, and prepared pamphlets and courses of instruction in these and other subjects. In May 1836 he started what is probably the most important work for which he is remembered. This, was a book on Limes, Calcareous Cements, Mortar, Stuccos and Concretes. The general adoption of Joseph Aspdin's Portland Cement was largely due to Pasley's recommendation of the material.He was married twice: first in 1814 at Chatham to Harriet Cooper; and then on 30 March 1819 at Rochester to Martha Matilda Roberts, with whom he had six children— she died in 1881.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKGB 1846. FRS 1816. Honorary DCL, Oxford University 1844.Bibliography1810, Essay on Military Policy and Institutions of the British Empire. Limes, Calcareous Cements, Mortar, Stuccos and Concretes.Further ReadingPorter, History of the Corps of Royal Engineers. DNB. Proceedings of the Royal Society.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Pasley, General Sir Charles William
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76 функциональная проба
[lang name="Russian"]метод подбора, метод проб и ошибок — trial and error method
[lang name="Russian"]проба голосов, прослушивание певцов — voice trial
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77 аппаратура обнаружения и исправления ошибок
с исправлением ошибок; исправление ошибок — error correcting
метод подбора, метод проб и ошибок — trial and error method
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > аппаратура обнаружения и исправления ошибок
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78 проба и ошибка
метод подбора, метод проб и ошибок — trial and error method
Русско-английский словарь по информационным технологиям > проба и ошибка
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79 selcli
Construction: se+cilre learned Structure: x1 = cilre2 (learned), x2 = cilre1 (learn), x3 = cilre3 (subject learned [about]), x4 = cilre4 (teacher), x5 = cilre5 (learning method) -
80 tercli
Construction: te+cilre subject learned [about] Structure: x1 = cilre3 (subject learned [about]), x2 = cilre2 (learned), x3 = cilre1 (learn), x4 = cilre4 (teacher), x5 = cilre5 (learning method)
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