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121 Field, Joshua
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 1786 Hackney, London, Englandd. 11 August 1863 Balham Hill, Surrey, England[br]English mechanical engineer, co-founder of the Institution of Civil Engineers.[br]Joshua Field was educated at a boarding school in Essex until the age of 16, when he obtained employment at the Royal Dockyards at Portsmouth under the Chief Mechanical Superintendent, Simon Goodrich (1773–1847), and later in the drawing office at the Admiralty in Whitehall. At this time, machinery for the manufacture of ships' blocks was being made for the Admiralty by Henry Maudslay, who was in need of a competent draughtsman, and Goodrich recommended Joshua Field. This was the beginning of Field's long association with Maudslay; he later became a partner in the firm which was for many years known as Maudslay, Sons \& Field. They undertook a variety of mechanical engineering work but were renowned for marine steam engines, with Field being responsible for much of the design work in the early years. Joshua Field was the eldest of the eight young men who in 1818 founded the Institution of Civil Engineers; he was the first Chairman of the Institution and later became a vice-president. He was the only one of the founders to be elected President and was the first mechanical engineer to hold that office. James Nasmyth in his autobiography relates that Joshua Field kept a methodical account of his technical discussions in a series of note books which were later indexed. Some of these diaries have survived, and extracts from the notes he made on a tour of the industrial areas of the Midlands and the North West in 1821 have been published.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1836. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1848–9. Member, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1835; President 1848.Bibliography1925–6, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the Midlands", introd. and notes J.W.Hall, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:1–41.1932–3, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the provinces", introd. and notes E.C. Smith, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 13:15–50.RTS -
122 ingeniería del automóvil
(n.) = automotive engineering, car engineeringEx. Some of the books recently published in the field of automotive engineering can perhaps best be described as awe-inspiring.Ex. Clearly, car engineering and aviation engineering are similar to mechanical engineering rather than civil or sanitary engineering.* * *(n.) = automotive engineering, car engineeringEx: Some of the books recently published in the field of automotive engineering can perhaps best be described as awe-inspiring.
Ex: Clearly, car engineering and aviation engineering are similar to mechanical engineering rather than civil or sanitary engineering. -
123 ingegneria
f engineeringingegneria genetica genetic engineeringingegneria meccanica mechanical engineering* * *ingegneria s.f. engineering: ingegneria civile, chimica, meccanica, militare, navale, civil, chemical, mechanical, military, naval engineering; una laurea in ingegneria, a degree in engineering // ingegneria genetica, genetic engineering.* * *[indʒeɲɲe'ria]sostantivo femminile engineering* * *ingegneria/indʒeŋŋe'ria/sostantivo f.engineering\ingegneria elettronica electronic engineering; ingegneria genetica genetic engineering. -
124 strojarski
adj | strojarski tehničar engineering technician (AE mechanical e. l.); strojarski inženjer (graduate) mechanical engineer; - fakultet college/school of engineering* * *• mechanical engineering• mechanical -
125 Smith, Oberlin
[br]b. 22 March 1840 Cincinnati, Ohio, USAd. 18 July 1926[br]American mechanical engineer, pioneer in experiments with magnetic recording.[br]Of English descent, Smith embarked on an education in mechanical engineering, graduating from West Jersey Academy, Bridgeton, New Jersey, in 1859. In 1863 he established a machine shop in Bridgeton, New Jersey, that became the Ferracute Machine Company in 1877, eventually specializing in the manufacture of presses for metalworking. He seems to have subscribed to design principles considered modern even in the 1990s, "always giving attention to the development of artistic form in combination with simplicity, and with massive strength where required" (bibliographic reference below). He was successful in his business, and developed and patented a large number of mechanical constructions.Inspired by the advent of the phonograph of Edison, in 1878 Smith obtained the tin-foil mechanical phonograph, analysed its shortcomings and performed some experiments in magnetic recording. He filed a caveat in the US Patent Office in order to be protected while he "reduced the invention to practice". However, he did not follow this trail. When there was renewed interest in practical sound recording and reproduction in 1888 (the constructions of Berliner and Bell \& Tainter), Smith published an account of his experiments in the journal Electrical World. In a corrective letter three weeks later it is clear that he was aware of the physical requirements for the interaction between magnetic coil and magnetic medium, but his publications also indicate that he did not as such obtain reproduction of recorded sound.Smith did not try to develop magnetic recording, but he felt it imperative that he be given credit for conceiving the idea of it. When accounts of Valdemar Poulsen's work were published in 1900, Smith attempted to prove some rights in the invention in the US Patent Office, but to no avail.He was a highly respected member of both his community and engineering societies, and in later life became interested in the anti-slavery cause that had also been close to the heart of his parents, as well as in the YMCA movement and in women's suffrage.[br]BibliographyApart from numerous technical papers, he wrote the book Press Working of Metals, 1896. His accounts on the magnetic recording experiments were "Some possible forms of phonograph", Electrical World (8 September 1888): 161 ff, and "Letter to the Editor", Electrical World (29 September 1888): 179.Further ReadingF.K.Engel, 1990, Documents on the Invention of Magnetic Recording in 1878, New York: Audio Engineering Society, Reprint no. 2,914 (G2) (a good overview of the material collected by the Oberlin Smith Society, Bridgeton, New Jersey, in particular as regards the recording experiments; it is here that it is doubted that Valdemar Poulsen developed his ideas independently).GB-N -
126 ingeniería sanitaria
f.sanitary engineering.* * *(n.) = sanitary engineeringEx. Clearly, car engineering and aviation engineering are similar to mechanical engineering rather than civil or sanitary engineering.* * *(n.) = sanitary engineeringEx: Clearly, car engineering and aviation engineering are similar to mechanical engineering rather than civil or sanitary engineering.
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127 Maschinenbau
Maschinenbau m IND mechanical engineering* * *m < Ind> mechanical engineering* * *Maschinenbau
construction[al] (mechanical) engineering, (Industriezweig) engineering industry -
128 Maschinenbauerzeugnis
Maschinenbauerzeugnis
mechanical engineering product;
• Maschinenbaufirma mechanical engineering company, machine shop;
• Maschinenbauindustrie engineering (machinery manufacturing) industry;
• Maschinenbauingenieur construction[al] engineer;
• Maschinenbaukunde, Maschinenbauwesen mechanical engineering.
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