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21 Marxism-Leninism
[͵mɑ:ksız(ə)mʹlenınız(ə)m] n -
22 marxism-leninism
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23 Marxism-Leninism
[ˌmɑːksɪz(ə)m'lenɪnɪz(ə)m]сущ.; полит. -
24 Marxism-Leninism
s.marxismo-leninismo. -
25 marxism-leninism
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26 Marxism-Leninism
n марксизм-ленинизм -
27 Marxism–Leninism
marxisme-leninisme {fk} -
28 marxism-leninism
/'mɑ:ksizm'leninizm/ * danh từ - chủ nghĩa Mác-Lê-nin -
29 Marxism
{'ma:ksizəm}
n марксизъм
MARXISM-Leninism марксизъм-ленинизъм* * *{'ma:ksizъm} n марксизъм; Marxism-Leninism марксизъм-ленинизъм.* * *1. marxism-leninism марксизъм-ленинизъм 2. n марксизъм* * *Marxism[´ma:ksizəm] n марксизъм. -
30 Marxism
['mɑːksɪzəm]nome marxismo m.* * *Marxism /ˈmɑ:ksɪzəm/ (polit.)n. [u]● Marxism-Leninism, marxismo-leninismoMarxista. e n.● Marxist-Leninist, marxista-leninista.* * *['mɑːksɪzəm]nome marxismo m. -
31 Cunhal, Álvaro
(Barreirinhas)(1913-2005)Leader of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), author, and ideologue. Álvaro Cunhai was a militant of the PCP since the 1930s and was secretary-general from 1961 to 1992. In the midst of Mikail Gorbachev's reforms and perestroika, Cunha refused to alter the PCP's orthodox commitment to the proletariat and Marxism-Leninism. Throughout a long career of participation in the PCP, Cunhal regularly held influential positions in the organization. In 1931, he joined the PCP while a law student in Lisbon and became secretary-general of the Portuguese Communist Youth/Juventude Comunista (JC) in 1935, which included membership in the PCP's central committee. He advanced to the PCP's secretariat in 1942, after playing a leading role in the reorganization of 1940-H that gave the party its present orthodox character. Cunhai dubbed himself "the adopted son of the proletariat" at the 1950 trial that sentenced him to 11 years in prison for communist activity. Because his father was a lawyer-painter-writer and Cunhai received a master's degree in law, his origins were neither peasant nor worker but petit-bourgeois. During his lifetime, he spent 13 years in prison, eight of which were in solitary confinement. On 3 January 1960, he and nine other mostly communist prisoners escaped from Peniche prison and fled the country. The party's main theoretician, Cunhal was elected secretary-general in 1961 and, along with other top leaders, directed the party from abroad while in exile.In the aftermath of the Revolution of 25 April 1974 that terminated the Estado Novo and ushered in democracy, Cunhal ended his exile and returned to Portugal. He played important roles in post-1974 political events ranging from leader of the communist offensive during the "hot summer" of 1975, positions of minister-without-portfolio in the first through fifth provisional governments, to his membership in parliament beginning in 1976.At the PCP's 14th Congress (1992), Carlos Carvalhas was elected secretary-general to replace Cunhal. Whatever official or unofficial position Cunhal held, however, automatically became an important position within the party. After stepping down as secretary-general, he was elected to head the party's National Council (eliminated in 1996). Many political observers have argued that Cunhal purposely picked a successor who could not outshine him, and it is true that Carvalhas does not have Cunhal's humanistic knowledge, lacks emotion, and is not as eloquent. Cunhai was known not only as a dynamic orator but also as an artist, novelist, and brilliant political tactician. He wrote under several pseudonyms, including Manuel Tiago, who published the well-known Até Amanhã, Camaradas, as well as the novel recently adapted for the film, Cinco Dias, Cinco Noites. Under his own name, he published as well a book on art theory entitled A Arte, O Artista E A Sociedade. He also published volumes of speeches and essays.Although he was among the most orthodox leaders of the major Western European Communist parties, Cunhal was not a puppet of the Soviet Union, as many claimed. He was not only a major leader at home, but also in the international communist movement. His orthodoxy was especially useful to the Soviets in their struggle to maintain cohesion in a movement threatened by division from the Eurocommunists in the 1970s. To conclude that Cunhal was a Soviet puppet is to ignore his independent decisions during the Revolution of 25 April 1974. At that time, the Soviets reportedly tried to slowCunhal's revolutionary drive because it ran counter to detente and other Soviet strategies.In many ways Cunhal's views were locked in the past. His perception and analyses of modern Portuguese revolutionary conditions did not alter radically from his experiences and analyses of revolutionary conditions in the 1940s. To Cunhal, although some conditions had changed, requiring tactical shifts, the major conflict was the same one that led to the creation of the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) in 1947. The world was still divided into two camps: American and Western imperialism on one side, and socialism, with its goal to achieve the fullest of democracies, on the other. Cunhal continued to believe that Marxism-Leninism and scientific socialism provide the solutions to resolving the problems of the world until his death in 2005. -
32 марксизм-ленинизм
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > марксизм-ленинизм
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33 underpin
also figurative soutenir, étayer;∎ the principles which underpin Marxism-Leninism les principes de base du marxisme-léninisme -
34 absorb
/əb'sɔ:b/ * ngoại động từ - hút, hút thu (nước) =dry sand absorb water+ cát khô hút nước - hấp thu =youths always absorb new ideas+ thanh niên luôn luôn hấp thu những tư tưởng mới - miệt mài, mê mải, chăm chú; lôi cuốn, thu hút sự chú ý =to be absorbed in thought+ mãi suy nghĩ =to be absorbed in the study of Marxism-Leninism+ miệt mài nghiên cứu chủ nghĩa Mác-Lênin -
35 adhere
/əd'hiə/ * nội động từ - dính chặt vào, bám chặt vào =to adhere to the skin+ dính chặt vào da - tham gia, gia nhập =to adhere to a party+ gia nhập một đảng - tôn trọng triệt để; trung thành với, gắn bó với; giữ vững =to adhere to an agreement+ tôn trọng triệt để hiệp định =to adhere to one's opinion+ giữ vững ý kiến =to adhere to Marxism-Leninism+ trung thành với chủ nghĩa Mác-Lênin - (từ cổ,nghĩa cổ) tán thành, đồng ý -
36 adherent
/əd'hiərənt/ * danh từ+ Cách viết khác: (adherer) /əd'hiərə/ - người gia nhập đảng, đảng viên, môn đồ - người trung thành, người ủng hộ (học thuyết...) =an adherent of Marxism-Leninism+ người trung thành với chủ nghĩa Mác-Lênin * tính từ - dính chặt, bám chặt - dính liền với, có quan hệ chặt chẽ với -
37 adherer
/əd'hiərənt/ * danh từ+ Cách viết khác: (adherer) /əd'hiərə/ - người gia nhập đảng, đảng viên, môn đồ - người trung thành, người ủng hộ (học thuyết...) =an adherent of Marxism-Leninism+ người trung thành với chủ nghĩa Mác-Lênin * tính từ - dính chặt, bám chặt - dính liền với, có quan hệ chặt chẽ với -
38 imbrue
/im'bru:/ * ngoại động từ ((cũng) imbue with) - vấy, nhuộm (máu) =a flag imbrued with enemy blood+ một lá cờ nhuộm máu quân thù - nhúng =to imbrue one's hand in blood+ nhúng tay vào máu - (từ Mỹ,nghĩa Mỹ) (nghĩa bóng) thấm nhuần, nhiễm đầy =to be imbrued with Marxism-Leninism+ thấm nhuần tư tưởng Mác-ÃLênin -
39 weapon
/'wepən/ * danh từ - vũ khí ((nghĩa đen) & (nghĩa bóng)) =weapon of defence+ vũ khí tự vệ =armed with the weapon of Marxism-Leninism+ vũ trang bằng lý luận Mác-Lênin -
40 win
/win/ * danh từ - sự thắng cuộc =our team has had three wins this season+ mùa này đội chúng tôi đ thắng ba trận * ngoại động từ won - chiếm, đoạt, thu được, nhận được, kiếm được, có được =to win a prize+ đoạt gii =to win money+ kiếm được tiền =to win one's bread+ làm ăn sinh sống =to win glory+ đạt được vinh quang - thắng cuộc; thắng =to win a race+ thắng cuộc đua =to win a battle+ thắng trận =to win the war+ chiến thắng =to win the day; to win the field+ thắng - thu phục, tranh thủ, lôi kéo =to win all hearts+ thu phục được lòng mọi người =to win someone's confidence+ tranh thủ được lòng tin cậy của ai - đạt đến, đến =to win the summit+ đạt tới đỉnh =to win the shore+ tới bờ, cập bến * nội động từ - thắng cuộc, thắng trận =which side won?+ bên nào thắng? =to win hands down+ thắng dễ dàng - (+ upon) càng ngày càng lôi kéo; thuyết phục được = Marxism-Leninism is winning upon millions of people+ chủ nghĩa Mác Lê-nin ngày càng lôi kéo được
См. также в других словарях:
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Marxism-Leninism — Marx·ism Len·in·ism (märkʹsĭz əm lĕnʹĭ nĭz əm) n. An expanded form of Marxism that emphasizes Lenin s concept of imperialism as the final stage of capitalism and shifts the focus of struggle from developed to underdeveloped countries. * * * … Universalium
