-
1 BLESSED
alya, almárëa (prosperous, rich, abundant), herenya (wealthy, fortunate, rich), manaquenta or manquenta, also aman ("blessed, free from evil" – Aman was "chiefly used as the name of the land where the Valar dwelt" [WJ:399], and as an adjective “blessed” the word may add an adjectival ending: amanya, VT49:41). Aman is the apparent Quenya equivalent of “the Blessed Realm” (allative Amanna is attested, VT49:26). The word calambar, apparently literally *“light-fated”, also seems to mean “blessed” (VT49:41). Cf. also BLESSED BEING Manwë (name of the King of the Valar). Alya, almárëa, and herenya are adjectives that may also have worldly connontations, apparently often used with reference to one who is "blessed" with material possessions or simply has good luck; on the other hand, the forms derived from the root man- primarily describe something free from evil: Cf. mána "blessed" in Fíriel's Song (referring to the Valar) and the alternative form manna in VT43:19 [cf. VT45:32] (in VT45 referring to the Virgin Mary; the form mána may be preferred for clarity, since manna is apparently also the question-word "whither?", "where to?") The forms manaquenta or manquenta also include the man- root, but it is combined with a derivative (passive participle?) of the verbal stem quet- "say, speak", these forms seemingly referring to someone who is "blessed" in the sense that people speak well of this person (a third form from the same source, manque, is possibly incomplete: read manquenta?) (VT44:10-11) The most purely "spiritual" term is possibly the word aistana, used for "blessed" in Tolkien's translation of the Hail Mary, where this word refers to the Virgin (VT43:27-28, 30). Aistana is apparently not an independent adjective (like alya, mána etc.), but rather the passive participle of a verb \#aista- "bless"; see above concerning its precise application. BLESSEDNESS vald- (so in LT1:272; nom. sg. must be either *val or *valdë) (happiness; but since this word comes from early material where it was intended to be related to Valar "Happy/Blessed Ones", its conceptual validity may be doubted because Tolkien later reinterpreted Valar as "the Powers" and dropped the earlier etymology). BLESSING (a boon, a good or fortunate thing), see BOON. "BLESSINGS", BLESSEDNESS, BLISS almië, almarë; FINAL BLISS manar, mandë (doom, final end, fate, fortune) –LotR:989 cf Letters:308; GAL, KHER, Letters:283, LT1:272, MAN/MANAD, VT43:19, 27-28, 30 -
2 DOOM
manar, mandë (final end, fate, fortune, final bliss); umbar- (umbart-) (fate). See below concerning *anan in Rithil-Anamo. In the story of Túrin Turambar, it seems that ambar means "doom": Turambar is said to mean "Master of Doom", and Nienor even uses the word in the instrumental case: ambartanen "by doom". Similarly, LT2:348 gives ambar "Fate". But in Etym, ambar means "earth", and LotR Appendix E confirms that "fate" is umbar. DOOM RING Máhanaxar (a foreign word in Quenya, adopted and adapted from Valarin, also translated as:) Rithil-Anamo "Ring of Doom", name of the place where judgement was passed in Valinor (hence Anamo as genitive "of Doom", nominative probably *anan with stem anam-, otherwise but less likely *anama – this seems to be "doom" in the sense of judgement or juridical justice, since the root is NAM as in nam- "to judge"). –MAN/MANAD, MBARAT/VT45:5, Silm:261, 269, LotR:1157, WJ:399, WJ:401 -
3 FATE
umbar (umbart-) (doom; the form amarto in LT2:348 could be obsolete, but ambar from the same source may be a valid word also in LotR-style Quenya – see DOOM), marto (fortune, lot); manar, mandë (doom, final end, fortune [usually = final bliss]); FATED marta (which adjective also seems to be the noun "fate" in later sources; see VT45:33, VT46:13). *LIGHT-FATED calambar –MBARAT/LotR:1157, MANAD, VT45:33/VT46:12, VT49:41, 42 -
4 FINAL
tyelima, métima (ultimate, last); FINAL END mande, manar (fortune, bliss, fate), telda (last) –MC:222 cf. 215, MANAD, WJ:411 -
5 FORTUNE
(good fortune) alma (weal, wealth); mandë, manar (final end, doom, fate); heren (governance, what is in store for one or what one has in store); marto (fate, lot); FORTUNATE herenya (wealthy, blessed, rich), GOOD OR FORTUNATE THING mána (see BOON). –GALA, MAN/MANAD, KHER, LT2:348, VT49:41
См. также в других словарях:
MANDÉ — Noyau de l’Empire mandingue, les Mandé forment un immense groupe ethno linguistique en Afrique de l’Ouest. Ils s’étendent de la boucle du Niger jusqu’à l’océan Atlantique, du Sénégal au Liberia. Les Mandé occidentaux sont principalement les… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Mande — may refer to: Mandé peoples of western Africa Mande languages Manding, a term covering a subgroup of Mande peoples, and sometimes used for one of them, Mandinka Garo people of northeastern India and northern Bangladesh Mande (river), in Bosnia… … Wikipedia
mande — MÁNDE subst. 1. s.n. Ramură a familiei de limbi din Niger Congo vorbită în regiunea văii superioare a râului Niger. 2. s.m. Membru al populaţiei vorbitoare a limbii mande (1). (cf. engl. mande < mandingo mandi, mande = dim. al lui ma (mamă) =… … Dicționar Român
Mande — Sf Korb ohne Henkel per. Wortschatz arch. (17. Jh.), fnhd. mand, mndd. mande, mndl. mande Stammwort. Aus dem Niederdeutschen. Vergleichbar ist ae. mand Korb . Herkunft unklar. Ebenso nndl. mand, ne. maund. deutsch gw … Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache
mande — interjección 1. Uso/registro: coloquial, restringido. Se usa para pedirle a una persona que repita lo que ha dicho porque no se ha oído bien. 2. Uso/registro: coloquial, restringido. Se usa como contestación a una llamada de otra persona a quien… … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
mandé — mandé, ée (man dé, dée) part. passé de mander. 1° Qui a reçu avis de venir. Mandé par le télégraphe. • Courtois et Denyau [médecins], mandés à son secours, BOILEAU Sat. X.. 2° Qu on a fait savoir par lettre ou par message. Les nouvelles de… … Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré
Mande — [män′dā΄, män′dē΄] n. 1. pl. Mandes or Mande a member of a group of peoples of W Africa, including the Malinkes, Mendes, Susus, etc. 2. a group of Congo languages spoken by these peoples adj. of the Mandes or their languages or cultures … English World dictionary
Mande — (spr. Mangd), so v.w. Mende 2) … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Mande — Mande, Negersprache, s. Mandingo … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Mande — /ˈmandeɪ/ (say mahnday) noun 1. a group of African languages, a branch of the Niger Congo family, spoken chiefly in Mali, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. –adjective 2. of or relating to this group of languages. Formerly, Mandingo …
mande — Mande, voyez Manne … Thresor de la langue françoyse
