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81 Leitungsstörung
Leitungsstörung f line faultDeutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Leitungsstörung
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82 vorübergehender Kurzschluss in der Leitung
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > vorübergehender Kurzschluss in der Leitung
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83 vorübergehender Leitungsfehler
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > vorübergehender Leitungsfehler
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84 Wischer
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Wischer
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85 неудаленное короткое замыкание
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > неудаленное короткое замыкание
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86 КЗ на линии
Русско-английский словарь по электроэнергетике > КЗ на линии
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87 S-a
stuck-at — константная неисправность; см. stuck-line fault. -
88 Poulsen, Valdemar
[br]b. 23 November 1869 Copenhagen, Denmarkd. 23 July 1942 Gentofte, Denmark[br]Danish engineer who developed practical magnetic recording and the arc generator for continuous radio waves.[br]From an early age he was absorbed by phenomena of physics to the exclusion of all other subjects, including mathematics. When choosing his subjects for the final three years in Borgedydskolen in Christianshavn (Copenhagen) before university, he opted for languages and history. At the University of Copenhagen he embarked on the study of medicine in 1889, but broke it off and was apprenticed to the machine firm of A/S Frichs Eftf. in Aarhus. He was employed between 1893 and 1899 as a mechanic and assistant in the laboratory of the Copenhagen Telephone Company KTAS. Eventually he advanced to be Head of the line fault department. This suited his desire for experiment and measurement perfectly. After the invention of the telegraphone in 1898, he left the laboratory and with responsible business people he created Aktieselskabet Telegrafonen, Patent Poulsen in order to develop it further, together with Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874– 1941). Pedersen brought with him the mathematical background which eventually led to his professorship in electronic engineering in 1922.The telegraphone was the basis for multinational industrial endeavours after it was demonstrated at the 1900 World's Exhibition in Paris. It must be said that its strength was also its weakness, because the telegraphone was unique in bringing sound recording and reproduction to the telephone field, but the lack of electronic amplifiers delayed its use outside this and the dictation fields (where headphones could be used) until the 1920s. However, commercial interest was great enough to provoke a number of court cases concerning patent infringement, in which Poulsen frequently figured as a witness.In 1903–4 Poulsen and Pedersen developed the arc generator for continuous radio waves which was used worldwide for radio transmitters in competition with Marconi's spark-generating system. The inspiration for this work came from the research by William Duddell on the musical arc. Whereas Duddell had proposed the use of the oscillations generated in his electric arc for telegraphy in his 1901 UK patent, Poulsen contributed a chamber of hydrogen and a transverse magnetic field which increased the efficiency remarkably. He filed patent applications on these constructions from 1902 and the first publication in a scientific forum took place at the International Electrical Congress in St Louis, Missouri, in 1904.In order to use continuous waves efficiently (the high frequency constituted a carrier), Poulsen developed both a modulator for telegraphy and a detector for the carrier wave. The modulator was such that even the more primitive spark-communication receivers could be used. Later Poulsen and Pedersen developed frequency-shift keying.The Amalgamated Radio-Telegraph Company Ltd was launched in London in 1906, combining the developments of Poulsen and those of De Forest Wireless Telegraph Syndicate. Poulsen contributed his English and American patents. When this company was liquidated in 1908, its assets were taken over by Det Kontinentale Syndikat for Poulsen Radio Telegrafi, A/S in Copenhagen (liquidated 1930–1). Some of the patents had been sold to C.Lorenz AG in Berlin, which was very active.The arc transmitting system was in use worldwide from about 1910 to 1925, and the power increased from 12 kW to 1,000 kW. In 1921 an exceptional transmitter rated at 1,800 kW was erected on Java for communications with the Netherlands. More than one thousand installations had been in use worldwide. The competing systems were initially spark transmitters (Marconi) and later rotary converters ( Westinghouse). Similar power was available from valve transmitters only much later.From c. 1912 Poulsen did not contribute actively to further development. He led a life as a well-respected engineer and scientist and served on several committees. He had his private laboratory and made experiments in the composition of matter and certain resonance phenomena; however, nothing was published. It has recently been suggested that Poulsen could not have been unaware of Oberlin Smith's work and publication in 1888, but his extreme honesty in technical matters indicates that his development was indeed independent. In the case of the arc generator, Poulsen was always extremely frank about the inspiration he gained from earlier developers' work.[br]Bibliography1899, British patent no. 8,961 (the first British telegraphone patent). 1903, British patent no. 15,599 (the first British arc-genera tor patent).His scientific publications are few, but fundamental accounts of his contribution are: 1900, "Das Telegraphon", Ann. d. Physik 3:754–60; 1904, "System for producing continuous oscillations", Trans. Int. El. Congr. St. Louis, Vol. II, pp. 963–71.Further ReadingA.Larsen, 1950, Telegrafonen og den Traadløse, Ingeniørvidenskabelige Skrifter no. 2, Copenhagen (provides a very complete, although somewhat confusing, account of Poulsen's contributions; a list of his patents is given on pp. 285–93).F.K.Engel, 1990, Documents on the Invention of Magnetic Re cor ding in 1878, New York: Audio Engineering Society, reprint no. 2,914 (G2) (it is here that doubt is expressed about whether Poulsen's ideas were developed independently).GB-N -
89 Leitungsfehler
m TELEKOM line fault -
90 замыкание на землю
- line-to-ground fault
- grounding connection
- ground short circuit
- ground fault (US)
- ground connection
- ground
- earth fault
- earth connection
- earth
замыкание на землю
Случайный электрический контакт между токоведущими частями, находящимися под напряжением, и землей.
[ПУЭ]
замыкание на землю
Замыкание, обусловленное соединением с землей.
[ ГОСТ 26522-85]
замыкание на землю
Состояние, характеризующееся возникновением случайной проводящей цепи между проводником, находящимся под напряжением, и землей.
Примечание - Проводящая цепь может проходить через поврежденную изоляцию, строительные конструкции (колонны, леса, краны, лестницы) или растения (деревья, кусты) и может иметь значительное полное сопротивление.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-195-2005]EN
earth fault
occurrence of an accidental conductive path between a live conductor and the Earth
NOTE – The conductive path can pass through a faulty insulation, through structures (e.g. poles, scaffoldings, cranes, ladders), or through vegetation (e.g. trees, bushes) and can have a significant impedance.
[IEV number 195-04-14]FR
défaut à la terre
occurrence d’un chemin conducteur accidentel entre un conducteur sous tension et la Terre
NOTE – Le chemin conducteur peut passer par une isolation défectueuse, par des structures (par exemple supports de ligne, échafaudages, grues, échelles), ou encore par la végétation (par exemple arbres, buissons) et peut présenter une impédance non négligeable.
[IEV number 195-04-14]Параллельные тексты EN-RU
The earth fault, caused by an insulation loss between a live conductor and an exposed conductive part, represents a plant engineering problem which may cause damage to the electrical installations and above all may jeopardize people; as a matter of fact, people could get in touch with an exposed-conductive-part not normally live but which, due to the fault, might have a dangerous potential to ground.
[ABB]Замыкание на землю, вызванное повреждением изоляции между токоведущим проводником и открытой проводящей частью, представляют определенную проблему при эксплуатации электроустановок, поскольку такая неисправность может привести к выходу электрооборудования из строя и, кроме того, подвергает людей опасности поражения электрическим током. Это объясняется тем, что становится возможным прикосновение к открытой проводящей части, которая в нормальных условиях не находится под напряжением, но из-за повреждения изоляции может приобрести опасный потенциал относительно земли.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
EN
- earth
- earth connection
- earth fault
- ground
- ground connection
- ground fault (US)
- ground short circuit
- grounding connection
- line-to-ground fault
DE
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > замыкание на землю
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91 descrepancia
= fault line.Ex. These views underlie the fault line that divides British politics today.* * *= fault line.Ex: These views underlie the fault line that divides British politics today.
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92 linje
line, traceberöringslinje; line of contactbringa i linje; alignbrottlinje; line of fractureförkastningslinje; fault linekraftlinje; line of forcekustlinje; coast linelutningslinje; line of slopeprofillinje; longitudinal profilesiktlinje; visual lineskruvlinje; spiralsläntlinje; line of slopesnittlinje; line of intersectionstrykningslinje; line of strikestupningslinje; line of dipsvaghetslinje; line of weaknesssyftlinje; sight linesynlinje; visual axisvågrät linje; line of level -
93 контур тока замыкания на землю
контур тока замыкания на землю
-Параллельные тексты EN-RU
The fault loop comprising
1) the source;
2) the line conductor up to the point of the fault;
4) the protective conductor of the exposed-conductive- parts;
4) the earthing conductor;
5) the earth electrode of the installation;
6) the earth electrode of the source.
[ABB]Контур тока замыкании на землю включает в себя:
1) источник питания;
2) линейный проводник до точки замыкания на землю;
4) защитный проводник, присоединенный к открытым проводящим частям;
4) проводник заземления;
5) заземляющий электрод установки;
6) заземляющий электрод источника питания.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > контур тока замыкания на землю
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94 линия разлома
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > линия разлома
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95 отражение от линии разлома
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > отражение от линии разлома
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96 повреждение на линии (впереди)
- fault forward/line
повреждение на линии (впереди)
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[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60870-5-103-2005]Тематики
- телемеханика, телеметрия
EN
- fault forward/line
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > повреждение на линии (впереди)
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97 сбросовый уступ
сбросовый уступ
сбросовый обрыв
Уступ вдоль плоскости сброса.
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сбросовый уступ
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98 линия сброса
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99 линия сброса
fault line, riftРусско-английский словарь по строительству и новым строительным технологиям > линия сброса
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100 linia uskoku
• fault line
См. также в других словарях:
Fault model — A fault model is an engineering model of something that could go wrong in the construction or operation of a piece of equipment. From the model, the designer or user can then predict the consequences of this particular fault. Fault models can be… … Wikipedia
Fault — Fault, n. [OE. faut, faute, F. faute (cf. It., Sp., & Pg. falta), fr. a verb meaning to want, fail, freq., fr. L. fallere to deceive. See {Fail}, and cf. {Default}.] 1. Defect; want; lack; default. [1913 Webster] One, it pleases me, for fault of… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
fault plane — Fault Fault, n. [OE. faut, faute, F. faute (cf. It., Sp., & Pg. falta), fr. a verb meaning to want, fail, freq., fr. L. fallere to deceive. See {Fail}, and cf. {Default}.] 1. Defect; want; lack; default. [1913 Webster] One, it pleases me, for… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
fault line — fault lines 1) N COUNT A fault line is a long crack in the surface of the earth. Earthquakes usually occur along fault lines. Syn: fault 2) N COUNT A fault line in a system or process is an area of it that seems weak and likely to cause problems… … English dictionary
Fault-tolerant computer systems — are systems designed around the concepts of fault tolerance. In essence, they have to be able to keep working to a level of satisfaction in the presence of faults. Types of fault tolerance Most fault tolerant computer systems are designed to be… … Wikipedia
Fault — may refer to:*Fault (geology), planar rock fractures which show evidence of relative movement *Fault (technology), an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub system level which may lead to a failure *An asymmetric fault… … Wikipedia
fault — [fôlt] n. [ME faute < OFr faulte, a lack < VL * fallita < * fallitus, for L falsus: see FALSE] 1. Obs. failure to have or do what is required; lack 2. something that mars the appearance, character, structure, etc.; defect or failing 3.… … English World dictionary
fault line — n. 1. Geol. the line formed along the surface of the ground by a fault 2. any division or rift, as based on philosophical, religious, or ethnic differences, that is perceived as leading inevitably to violent confrontation … English World dictionary
Fault line (disambiguation) — Fault line (or Faultline) may refer to: *Fault (geology), a rock fracture which show evidence of movement *Faultline Records, a record label *Faultline (musician), A Moniker for the British DJ, David Kosten … Wikipedia
fault line — fault′ line n. 1) gel the intersection of a geologic fault with the surface of the earth or other plane of reference 2) cvb a boundary between incompatible or irreconcilable beliefs, cultures, or the like • Etymology: 1865–70 … From formal English to slang
Fault (geology) — Part of a series on earthquakes Types Foreshock • Aftershock • Blind thrust Doublet • Interplate • … Wikipedia