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  • 101 μαρυκάομαι

    μαρυκάομαι (a colloquialized Doric form [Aelian, NA 2, 54; Hesych. s.v. ἐμαρυκᾶτο and ἤνυστρον; Lev 11:26=Dt 14:8; s. Thackeray 76]) ruminate, chew the cud Hs 9, 1, 9. πᾶν μαρυκώμενον any ruminant 10:11.—PKatz, Philo’s Bible ’50, 157–59.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μαρυκάομαι

  • 102 μέλας

    μέλας, μέλαινα, μέλαν gen. ανος, αίνης, ανος (s. prec. entry; Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, JosAs 10:1; 14:15; Sib. Or. 4, 75; Philo, Joseph.; Tat. 33, 3) by-form μελανός (acc. sg.-όν JosAs 10:9; 13:2; 14:12 [each μέλαν cod. B]; pl.-ούς TestSol 9:9 C) comp. μελανώτερος (Strabo 16, 4, 12) 1 Cl 8:3.
    ① black
    ⓐ hair (Lev 13:37) Mt 5:36 (opp. λευκός as Artem. 1, 32 p. 34, 5; 9f). Of clothing used in mourning (Polyaenus 6, 7, 1 ἐν μελαίνῃ ἐσθῆτι; Jos., Vi. 138) μ. ὡς σάκκος τρίχινος Rv 6:12; cp. 1 Cl 8:3.
    ⓑ apocal. color: w. others Rv 6:5 (cp. Zech 6:2, 6 and s. πυρρός); Hv 4, 1, 10; 4, 3, 2; named alone, and as the color of evil, forming a contrast to the world of light (evil, malignant in the moral realm Solon, Pind. et al.; Diphilus Com. [IV/III B.C.] 91e of a woman; Plut., Mor. 12d μ. ἄνθρωποι; M. Ant. 4, 28 μ. ἦθος; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 5, 36 p. 196, 19 of misused gold) Hs 9, 1, 5; 9, 6, 4; 9, 8, 1f; 4f; 9, 9, 5; 9, 13, 8; 9, 15, 1; 3; 9, 19, 1. Hence ὁ μ. the Black One of the devil B 4:9; 20:1 (Lucian, Philops. 31 ὁ δαίμων μελάντερος τοῦ ζόφου).—FDölger, D. Sonne der Gerechtigkeit u. der Schwarze 1918; LZiehen, ARW 24, 1926, 48ff; RGradwohl, Die Farben im AT Beih. ZAW 83, ’63, 50–53. S. also AcThom 55 [Aa II/2, 171, 15]; 64 [180, 16].
    ② neut. τὸ μέλαν, ανος ink (Pla., Phdr. 276c; Demosth. 18, 258; Plut., Mor. 841e, Solon 17, 3; Synes., Ep. 157 p. 294b κάλαμον κ. χάρτην κ. μέλαν; PGrenf II, 38, 8 [81 B.C.]; POxy 326; PLeid X, 10, 1ff; ParJer 6:19 χάρτην καὶ μέλανα; TestAbr A 12 p. 91, 3f [Stone p. 30] χάρτην καὶ μέλανα καὶ κάλαμον; loanw. in rabb.) ἐπιστολὴ ἐγγεγραμμένη μέλανι 2 Cor 3:3. διὰ μέλανος καὶ καλάμου γράφειν write with pen and ink 3J 13. διὰ χάρτου καὶ μέλανος 2J 12.—Pauly-W. Suppl. VII 1574ff; Kl. Pauly V 856; BHHW III 1991. B. 1052; 1055; 1291. DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μέλας

  • 103 μιμνῄσκομαι

    μιμνῄσκομαι most mss. lack iota subscr., which is secondary; on the spelling s. B-D-F §26; pres. by-form μνῄσκομαι (1 Macc 6:12 v.l.; TestJob 35, 4; ParJer 7:31); 1 fut. μνησθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐμνήσθην; pf. μέμνημαι (used as a pres. [EpArist 168]; cp. B-D-F §341; Rob. 894 f) (reflexive ‘remind oneself, recall to mind, remember’ Hom.+).
    ① to recall information from memory, remember, recollect, remind oneself
    ⓐ w. gen. of thing (1 Macc 6:12; TestJob 18:5; ApcMos 23; Just., D. 55, 1) Mt 26:75; Lk 24:8; 2 Ti 1:4; 2 Pt 3:2; Jd 17; 1 Cl 13:1; 46:7; 50:4; Hv 3, 1, 5.
    ⓑ w. gen. of pers. (PBad 48, 17 [126 B.C.] μνήσθητι ἡμῶν; ParJer 5:18 μνησθεὶς τοῦ Ἰερεμίου; Just., D. 142, 1 ὡς φιλῶν ἡμῶν μεμνῆσθαι) πάντα μου μέμνησθε you think of me in every way 1 Cor 11:2 (prob. in ref. to various instructions). On GJs s. under c.
    ⓒ w. ὅτι foll. (X., Cyr. 3, 1, 27; Is 12:4; Dt 5:15; Job 7:7; Jos., Vi. 209) Mt 5:23; 27:63; Lk 16:25; J 2:17, 22; 12:16; GJs 1:3; 10:1, 2 (each w. gen. of pers.).—W. ὡς foll. (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 2, 47, 1) Lk 24:6. W. gen. and ὡς foll. Ac 11:16.
    ⓓ w. rel. clause foll. μνησθεὶς ὧς ἐδίδαξέν με μεγαλείων I remembered the great things which he had taught me Hv 4, 1, 8. μνήσθητι, ὅσα ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεός GJs 9:2.
    ② to think of and call attention to someth. or someone, make mention of someone τινός (Pardalas Iamb. in Herodes, Cercidas etc. ed. AKnox 1929 p. 276 μεμνήσομαί σου ἐν ἐμῇσι βύβλοισι=I will mention you in my books) EpilMosq 2. Sim. the pass.: be mentioned εἰ διὰ τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ ἐμνήσθη (sc. ὁ λαὸς οὗτος) 13:7. This may also be the place for μνησθῆναι ἐνώπιον τοῦ θεοῦ be mentioned before God Ac 10:31; Rv 16:19. But these pass. can also be understood w. God as subj., s. 3 c.
    ③ give careful consideration to, remember, think of, care for, be concerned about, keep in mind
    ⓐ w. gen. (Od. 18, 267 al.; Arrian, Ind. 41, 5 δείπνου; Gen 30:22; Jos., Bell. 4, 340; Sib-Or 3, 595) μνήσθητί μου remember me Lk 23:42 (Epict. 3, 24, 100: O God μοῦ μέμνησο; cp. GDalman, Jesus-Jeshua [tr. PLevertoff] 1929, 197–201; μοῦ μέμνησο; TestAbr B 6 p. 110, 11 [Stone p. 68] ἐμνήσθη ὑμῶν ὁ θεός).—Hb 2:6 (Ps 8:5); 13:3; D 4:1. μ. διαθήκης (cp. διαθήκη 2) Lk 1:72 (Lev 26:42, 45). μ. ἐλέους vs. 54 (Ps 97:3).—W. gen. and inf. of the purposeful result (B-D-F §391, 4) μνήσθητι, κύριε, τῆς ἐκκλησίας σου τοῦ ῥύσασθαι αὐτήν remember, O Lord, your congregation to save it D 10:5 (GSchmidt, ΜΝΗΣΘΗΤΙ: Eine liturgiegeschichtliche Skizze, HMeiser Festschr., ’51, 259–64).—μὴ μνησθῆναι τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τινος not remember someone’s sins, let someone’s sins go unpunished (cp. Ps 24:7; 78:8; Sir 23:18; Is 43:25; ApcEsdr 7:11 p. 32, 24 ἀνομιῶν ἀρχαίων) Hb 8:12; 10:17 (both Jer 38:34).
    ⓑ w. acc. of thing (Hom.; Hdt. 7, 18; Dt 8:2; Is 63:7.—B-D-F §175; cp. Rob. 482f) μνησθήσῃ ἡμέραν κρίσεως give thought to the day of judgment 19:10.
    ⓒ pass. αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἐμνήσθησαν ἐνώπιον τ. θεοῦ your charities have been called to remembrance by God = have God’s attention Ac 10:31; cp. Rv 16:19. ἐνώπιον τ. θ. in these passages can be viewed as equiv. to ὑπὸ τ. θ. (ἐνώπιον 2b; but s. 2 above).—CKessler, The Memory Motif in the God-man Relationship of the OT, diss. Northwestern Univ. ’56; B. 1228f. RAC VI 43–54.—LfgrE III 214. Schmidt, Syn. I 310–20. DELG s.v. μιμνήσκω. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μιμνῄσκομαι

  • 104 μίσθιος

    μίσθιος (actually adj. of two or three terminations. In our lit. only subst.: TestSol [neut.]; ApcEsdr 1:14 p. 25, 7 Tdf.; Jos., Bell. 5, 49; Plut., Lyc. 50 [16, 7] al.; Anth. Pal. 6, 283, 3; PAmh 92, 19; Lev 25:50; Job 7:1; Tob 5:12 BA; Sir 7:20), ου, ὁ day laborer, hired man Lk 15:17, 19, 21 v.l. (Alciphron 2, 32, 3 δέχου με μισθωτὸν κατʼ ἀγρόν, πάντα ὑπομένειν ἀνεχόμενον ὑπὲρ τοῦ τὴν ἀπλήρωτον ἐμπλῆσαι γαστέρα=put me on as a field hand, who’s ready to put up with anything just to fill my bottomless belly).—Frisk s.v. μισθός. M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μίσθιος

  • 105 μίτρα

    μίτρα, ας, ἡ (Hom. et al.) snood or turban as a head-covering (Pind., Hdt. et al.; Ex 29:6; Lev 8:9; Jdth l6:8; Bar 5:2; PsSol 2:21; TestLevi 8:2; EpArist 98; Philo, Mos. 2, 116) ἐν μ. ἦν ἡ κατακάλυψις αὐτῆς her head-covering was a snood Hv 4, 2, 1.—The μίτρα may also have been a piece of clothing worn from the throat or back of the neck (Parthenius 11, 3 τὴν μίτραν ἐνθεῖναι τὸν τράχηλον). In any case, a woman was not considered to be properly covered without it (Quint. Smyrn. 13, 110).—DELG.

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  • 106 μνημόσυνον

    μνημόσυνον, ου, τό (μνήμων ‘mindful’; Hdt. et al.; Kaibel 367, 2; pap, LXX, En; TestSol 26:8 H; TestJos 7:5; TestJob)
    ① the mental faculty of remembering, memory: ἔγγραφοι ἐγένοντο ἐν τῷ μ. αὐτοῦ they were inscribed in God’s memory 1 Cl 45:8.
    ② the state of bearing in mind, memory w. obj. gen. (oft. LXX) εἰς μ. τινος in memory of someone Mt 26:13; Mk 14:9 (JJeremias, ZNW 44, ’52/53, 103–7: God’s ‘eschatological remembrance’). ἐξολεθρεῦσαι ἐκ γῆς τὸ μ. αὐτῶν root out the memory of them from the earth 1 Cl 22:6; μήποτε … τὸ μ. [ὑμῶν] ἀπόληται lest … you be lost to memory AcPl Ha 1, 22 (Ps 33:17; cp. Sir 10:17; TestJos 7:5).
    ③ an offering that presents a worshiper to God, a memorial offering (=אַזְכָּרָה Lev 2:2, 9, 16; 5:12; cp. Sir 35:6; 38:11; 45:16) fig. αἱ προσευχαί σου ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἔμπροσθεν τ. θεοῦ Ac 10:4 (the receipt thereof is expressed vs. 31 αἷ ἐλεημοσύναι σου ἐμνήσθησαν).—DELG s.v. μιμνήσκω 4. M-M. Spicq.

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  • 107 μοιχεύω

    μοιχεύω fut. μοιχεύσω; 1 aor. ἐμοίχευσα. Pass.: 1 aor. pass. 3 sg. ἐμοιχεύθη Sir 23:23; inf. μοιχευθῆναι (Xenophanes, Hecataeus Mil., Aristoph., X. et al.; pap [s. bβ], LXX; TestSol 1:1f D; TestAbr B; Test12Patr; Philo; Jos., Ant. 16, 296 al.; Ar.; Just.; Tat., Orig.—HBogner, Was heisst μ.?: Her 76, ’41, 318–20) commit adultery.
    ⓐ of both sexes, w. ref. to the Ten Commandments (Ex 20:13; Dt 5:17): Mt 5:27; 19:18; Mk 10:19; Lk 18:20; Ro 13:9; Js 2:11ab. One or more of these pass. may refer to the man alone, as below.
    ⓑ of the man only
    α. abs.: Lk 16:18ab; Ro 2:22 (μὴ μοιχεύειν as Jos., Ant. 3, 92); 19:4; D 2:2.
    β. w. obj. τινά (γυναῖκα) commit adultery w. someone (Aristoph., Av. 558; Pla., Rep. 2, 360b; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 6, 3; Aristaenet., Ep. 1, 20; PSI 158, 45; TestAbr B 12 p. 116, 14 [Stone p. 80]; Ar. 9, 6; Just., A I, 5, 2; Tat. 34, 2; Hippol., Ref. 5, 23, 13. Cp. Lev 20:10) Mt 5:28 (cp. Epict. 2, 18, 15; Sextus 233). This explains the use of the passive in the case of a woman (Chariton 1, 4, 6 μοιχευομένην τὴν γυναῖκα; Achilles Tat. 6, 9, 7; Sir 23:23; Philo, Decal. 124; Jos., Ant. 7, 131) ποιεῖ αὐτὴν μοιχευθῆναι he causes her to commit adultery (if she contracts a subsequent marriage) Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. ἡ γυνὴ κατείληπται μοιχευομένη J 8:4 (JMcDonald, NTS 41, ’95, 415–27).
    γ. οἱ μοιχεύοντες μετʼ αὐτῆς Rv 2:22 is at least on the way to a fig. mng. (cp. Jer 3:9).—RCharles, The Teaching of the NT on Divorce 1921, 91ff; FDölger, Christl. u. hdn, Ächtung des Ehebr. in d. Kultsatzung: Ac III 132–48; GDelling, RAC IV, ’59, 666–80; JFitzmyer, Theological Studies 37, ’76, 197–226 (Mt).—DELG s.v. μοιχός. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μοιχεύω

  • 108 μυσερός

    μυσερός, ά, όν (μύσος ‘defilement’; as μυσαρός Eur., Hdt. et al.; Ins. aus d, Asklepieion v. Kos A, 22 [III B.C.]: RHerzog, ARW 10, 1907, 402; SibOr 3, 500. On the spelling s. B-D-F §29, 1. In LXX only Lev 18:23, where μυσερός is better attested; s. Thackeray 75.—PGM 2, 148 ἁγνὸς ἀπὸ παντὸς μυσεροῦ; Manetho, Apotel. 4, 269 μυσερός is v.l.; Etym. Mag. 535, 32; 566, 43 μυσε. beside μυσα.; Malalas [VI A.D.] μυσε. [Psaltes p. 2]) loathsome, abominable, detestable ζῆλος 1 Cl 14:1. μοιχεία 30:1.—DELG s.v. μύσος.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μυσερός

  • 109 μῦς

    μῦς, μυός, ὁ (Aeschyl. et al.; pap; Lev 11:29) acc. pl. μῦς (Hdt. 2, 141; Plut., Mor. 537a; Just., A I, 24, 1) mouse PtK 2 p. 14, 19.—DELG.

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  • 110 μῶμος

    μῶμος, ου, ὁ(s. prec. entry; on the etym. s. LfgrE s.v.)
    ① blame (Hom. et al.; Kaibel 948, 8; Sir 18:15; SibOr 3, 377) δίχα παντὸς μ. without any blame 1 Cl 63:1.
    ② defect, blemish bodily (Lev 21:17f, 21; 24:19f; TestLevi 9:10) and also moral (Sir 11:31, 33; 20:24; Philo, Sobr. 11 μ. ἐν ψυχῇ) of dissident teachers σπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι blots and blemishes 2 Pt 2:13.—DELG. M-M. TW.

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  • 111 νηφάλιος

    νηφάλιος, ία, ον (νήφω; Aeschyl. et al.; Plut.; SIG 1040, 26), late form νηφαλέος, α, ον (v.l.; Herodian Gr. I 114, 17 et al.; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 82; Etym. Mag. p. 261, 52; 262, 2; AcJ 69 [p. 184, 10]. On the accent s. Kühner-Bl. II p. 297, 11; B-D-F §35, 3; Mlt-H. 76; 362) of pers. (cp. Philo, Sobr. 2, Mos. 1, 187; Jos., Ant. 3, 279)
    ① pert. to being very moderate in the drinking of an alcoholic beverage, temperate, sober (so Dibelius/Conzelmann, Hermeneia comm. ad loc. On the topic of moderation in drinking wine s. Theognis 467–510. For prohibition of strong drink to priests when engaging in official duties s. Lev 10:8) 1 Ti 3:2 (opp. πάροινος vs. 3. The latter term is in a series chiefly composed of negatives that contrast with the positive virtues in vs. 2), 11 (cp. Tit 2:3 and the sterotyped ‘anus’ [‘hag’] who is given to drink in Lat. lit.: Ovid, Fasti 3, 765f et al.; VRoswach, Classical World 88, ’94, 113f; Arnott, Alexis p. 504) Tit 2:2. Others interpret metaph.
    ② pert. to being restrained in conduct, self-controlled, level-headed fig. ext. of 1 (s. next entry): 1 Ti 3:2, 11; Tit 2:2.—DELG s.v. νήφω. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > νηφάλιος

  • 112 νόμιμος

    νόμιμος, η, ον (cp. νομίζω; Pind., Trag., Hdt. et al.; ins, also IBM III/2, 480, 339f [s. p. 141, cp. ἔννομος]; pap, LXX, Just.; Tat. 4, 1) pert. to being conformable to traditional standards or law, lawful. Subst. τὸ νόμιμον, esp. in pl. τὰ νόμιμα (Pind. et al.; Diog. L. 7, 119 [the θεοσεβεῖς are experts in τῶν περὶ θεοὺς νομίμων=the customary rites or ceremonies relating to deities]; ins, pap; Lev 18:26; Pr 3:1 al.; LXX; EpArist 10; 127; Philo, Mos. 2, 12ff al.; Jos., Ant. 8, 129; 18, 344, Vi. 191; Just., D. 29, 3; 42, 3; 67, 5; Tat. 4:1) statutes, laws, commandments πορεύεσθαι ἐν τοῖς ν. τῶν προσταγμάτων αὐτοῦ walk according to the laws of God’s commandments 1 Cl 3:4 (cp. Jer 33:4; Ezk 5:6f). τοῖς ν. τοῦ δεσπότου ἀκολουθεῖν follow the ordinances of the Lord 40:4. ἐν τοῖς ν. τοῦ θεοῦ πορεύεσθαι walk according to the statutes of God 1:3 (the mss. have ἐν τοῖς νόμοις; the rdg. νομίμοις, which is found Clem. of Al., Strom. 4, 17, 105, has been taken into the more recent editions). τηρεῖν τὰ ν. τοῦ θεοῦ keep the commandments of God Hv 1, 3, 4 (Eur., Suppl. 19 ν. θεῶν).—DELG s.v. νέμω Ic. M-M. TW.

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  • 113 νοσσός

    νοσσός, οῦ, ὁ (H.Gk. by hypheresis for νεοσσός [cp. νοσσιά and Jos., C. Ap. 2, 213 νεοττός] as v.l. in Lk) the young of a bird (as νεοσσός Hom. et al.) 11:3 (cp. Is 16:2). δύο νοσσοὺς περιστερῶν two young pigeons Lk 2:24 (Lev 12:8; 14:22.—Soranus p. 72, 15 νεοσσοὺς περιστερῶν.—νοσσοί of the young of pigeons: Sb 7814, 15 [256 A.D.]).—DELG s.v. νεοσσός. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > νοσσός

  • 114 νύξ

    νύξ, νυκτός, ἡ (‘night’ Hom.+) for the acc. νύκταν (JosAs 10:17; ApcEsdr 5:4 p. 29, 28 Tdf.) s. B-D-F §46, 1.
    ① period between sunset and sunrise, night
    ⓐ Mt 14:25 φυλακὴ τ. νυκτός (as Jos., Bell. 5, 510); Mk 6:48; J 13:30 (for the short clause cp. εἰμί 5.—For the scene cp. 1 Km 28:25; Musaeus, Heron and Leander [V A.D.] v. 309 [ALudwich 1929] νὺξ ἦν); Ac 16:33; 23:23; 27:27a; Rv 21:25; 22:5; 1 Cl 27:7 (Ps 18:3); GP 5:18; AcPl Ha 5, 21. ἐν ὁράματι τῆς ν. in a vision at night Hv 3, 10, 6. κατὰ μέσον τῆς ν. at midnight Ac 16:25 D; 27:27b; καὶ ἡ ν. ὁμοίως and likewise the night, as well as the day (i.e. μὴ φάνῃ τὸ τρίτον αὐτῆς=it is to lose a third of the light fr. moon and stars) Rv 8:12 (cp. Job 3:9). W. ἡμέρα (as En 104:8; ApcEsdr 2:9 p. 25, 30 Tdf.; ApcSed 8:2; Philo, Aet. M. 19; Ath. 24, 2; Hippol., Ref. 4, 44, 1; cp. Did., Gen. 37:13) also 1 Cl 20:2; 24:3. κοιμᾶται ἡ ν., ν. ἐπέρχεται the night sleeps, comes on vs. 3b. κατέλαβεν αὐτὸν νύξ the night overtook him GJs 14:1 (cp. GrBar 9:1).
    ⓑ gen. νυκτός at night, in the night-time (Hom.+; Diod S 18, 34, 6; SIG 521, 5 [III B.C.]; PHib 36, 5 [229 B.C.]; PAmh 134, 6; 1 Macc 4:1, 5; 5:29; 2 Macc 12:9; 3 Macc 5:19; JosAs 24:3; Jos., Ant. 6, 215.—B-D-F §186, 2; Rob. 495) Mt 2:14; 28:13; J 3:2; 19:39; Ac 9:25; 1 Th 5:7ab; AcPl Ha 5, 29; τῆς ν. on this night (X., An. 5, 7, 14; Alexis Com. 148 Kock.—B-D-F §186, 2) Lk 2:8. νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας night and day (X., Symp. 4, 48, Apol. 31; BGU 246, 12; PGiss 19, 7; Jdth 11:17) 1 Th 2:9; 3:10; 2 Th 3:8; 1 Ti 5:5; 2 Ti 1:3; 19:10; IRo 5:1; D 4:1; GPt 7:27; Ox 840, 34; AcPl Ha 2, 10; 3, 1. ἡμέρας καὶ ν. (Dt 28:66; Josh 1:8; 2 Ch 6:20; 2 Esdr 14:3; Ps 1:2; Is 60:11 al.) Lk 18:7; Rv 4:8; 7:15; 12:10; 14:11; 20:10. ἡμέρας τε καὶ ν. (IMagnMai 163, 8) Ac 9:24; 1 Cl 2:4. διὰ παντὸς νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας continually, night and day (cp. UPZ 110, 87 [164 B.C.]; PTebt 48, 10 [113 B.C.]) Mk 5:5.—W. prep. διὰ νυκτός through the night (X., An. 4, 6, 22; Athen. 7, 276c; PGM 4, 2052) Ac 23:31; διʼ ὅλης ν. all through the night, during the night (cp. Just., D. 1, 4 διʼ ὅλης ν. καὶ ἡμέρας) Lk 5:5; J 21:6 v.l. (s. διά A 2a). διὰ νυκτός at night, during the night (s. διά A 2b and cp. also IGR IV, 860, 10 στρατηγήσαντα διὰ νυκτός; BGU 597, 20; PTebt 332, 9; Sb 4317, 4; PGM 6, 47; 7, 407) Ac 5:19; 17:10. διὰ τῆς ν. (so Achilles Tat. 8, 19, 1) 16:9 (s. B-D-F §255, 3; Rob. 791). μέσης ν. at midnight Mt 25:6 (s. μέσος 1a).
    ⓒ dat., answering the question ‘when’? (B-D-F §200, 1; Rob. 522): νυκτί at night (Hom. et al.; Philo, Aet. M. 88) φαίνειν Dg 7:2. Pl. (Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 2, 1 Jac. τρισὶ νυξί) ταῖς νυξί at night 2:7; ταύτῃ τῇ ν. (cp. TestAbr A 7 p. 83, 35 [Stone p. 14]; JosAs 24:13; ApcMos 2 τῇ ν. ταύτῃ) this very night, tonight Mk 14:30; Lk 12:20; 17:34; Ac 27:23; αὐτῇ τῇ ν. on the night of that same day Hv 3, 1, 2; 3, 10, 7. τῇ ν. ἐκείνῃ Ac 12:6; τῇ ἐπιούσῃ ν. the following night 23:11. Cp. GPt 9:35.—W. prep. ἐν ν. at night, in the night (X. et al.; SIG 527, 40 [c. 220 B.C.]; Veröffentlichungen aus der pap-Sammlung München 6, 43; 3 Macc 5:11; PsSol 4:5, 16; TestJob 24:4; Tat. 22:2) Ac 18:9; 1 Th 5:2; 2 Pt 3:10 v.l.; ἐν τῇ ν. (TestJob 3:1; GrBar 9:8) J 11:10. ἐν τῇ ν. ταύτῃ (Jdth 11:3, 5; 13:14) Mt 26:31. ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ν. vs. 34; ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ν. (cp. 1 Macc 13:22) J 21:3. ἐν τῇ ν. ᾗ παρεδίδοτο 1 Cor 11:23.
    ⓓ acc., answering the question ‘how long?’ (Hom. et al.; B-D-F §161, 2; Rob. 469–71) ἡμέρας τεσσεράκοντα καὶ νύκτας τεσσεράκοντα Mt 4:2; 1 Cl 53:2; B 4:7; 14:2 (Ex 24:18; 34:28); GJs 1:4. τρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας Mt 12:40ab (Jon 2:1); GJs 24:3; AcPl Ox 6 recto, 3f (sg. opp. pl. Aa I 241, 11); AcPlCor 2:30. τριετίαν νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν οὐκ ἐπαυσάμην for three years, night and day, I did not stop Ac 20:31. νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν night and day (Hyperid. 5, 13; Aeneas Tact. 380; Palaeph. p. 57, 5; Jos., Ant. 16, 260) Mk 4:27; Lk 2:37; Ac 26:7; MPol 5:1. τὰς νύκτας during the nights, at night (Biogr. p. 428; PHal 8, 4; Tob 10:7 BA) Lk 21:37. τὴν ν. through the night Hs 9, 11, 6. ὅλην τὴν ν. the whole night through (Amphis Com. [IV B.C.] 20, 4 Kock; Ex 14:20f; Lev 6:2 al.; JosAs 25:3) Hs 9, 11, 8.
    ② night as condition, night fig. ext. of 1: as time for rest from work J 9:4 (as a symbol of death: Kaibel 1095, 4 νὺξ αὐτοὺς καταλύει). As a time contrasting with eschatological fulfillment ἡ ν. προέκοψεν the night is far gone Ro 13:12; cp. 1 Th 5:5.—B. 992. Neugebauer/Hoesen index. M-M. EDNT. TW.

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  • 115 ξύλινος

    ξύλινος, η, ον (ξύλον; Pind., Hdt.+) wooden τὰ εἴδωλα … τὰ ξ. the wooden cult images/idols (cp. Aesop, Fab. 66 H.=285 P./61 Ch./284 H-H. ἄνθρωπός τις ξύλινον ἔχων θεόν; EpJer 3 θεοὶ ξ., 10, 29, 54, 69, 70; Da 5:4 and 23 Theod.; En 99:7) Rv 9:20. θεοὶ ξ. AcPl Ha 1, 19. σκεύη wooden vessels or equipment (cp. SIG 962, 41ff; 316; Lev 15:12; Num 31:20; 35:18) 2 Ti 2:20.—DELG s.v. ξύλον. M-M.

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  • 116 ξύλον

    ξύλον, ου, τό (Hom.+).
    ① wood as a plant substance in unmanufactured form, wood (the wood for the offering of Isaac linked typologically with the cross of Christ: Iren. 4, 5, 4 [Harv. II 157, 2]; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 70, 12) Dg 2:2; Ox 1 recto, 8 (ASyn. 171, 5; cp. GTh 77; s. λίθος 1). πᾶν ξ. θύϊνον every kind of citron wood Rv 18:12a. ξ. τιμιώτατον very precious wood vs. 12b. Pl. wood as building material (Diod S 5, 21, 5 κάλαμοι and ξύλα; PFlor 16, 23; Just., D. 86, 6 εἰς οἰκοδομήν; Tat. 37, 1) 1 Cor 3:12; for making cult images ξύλα κ. λίθους (Sextus 568; Tat.4, 2) together w. other materials 2 Cl 1:6; PtK 2 p. 14, 13 (Ath. 15, 1). As fuel (POxy 1144, 15 ξύλα εἰς θυσίαν; Gen 22:3, 6; Lev 1:7) MPol 13:1; Hs 4:4.
    ② object made of wood (of polytheists’ reverence for cult images: σέβονται λίθους καὶ ξύλα Theoph. Ant. 1, 10 [p. 80, 5])
    ⓐ of a piece of wood designed for a specific purpose
    α. a relatively long piece that can be set in the ground, pole (Diod S 5, 18, 4; Maximus Tyr. 2, 8b), as of the one on which Moses raised the brass serpent (Num 21:8f) B 12:7.
    β. club, cudgel (Hdt. 2, 63; 4, 180; Polyb. 6, 37, 3; Herodian 7, 7, 4; PHal 1, 187; PTebt 304, 10; Jos., Bell. 2, 176, Vi. 233) pl. (w. μάχαιραι) Mt 26:47, 55; Mk 14:43, 48; Lk 22:52.
    ⓑ a device for confining the extremeties of a prisoner, stocks (Hdt. 6, 75; 9, 37; Lysias 10, 16; Aristoph., Eq. 367; 394; 705; also Chariton 4, 2, 6; OGI 483, 181 [s. the note]; Job 33:11) τοὺς πόδας ἠσφαλίσατο αὐτῶν εἰς τὸ ξύλον he fastened their feet in the stocks Ac 16:24.
    ⓒ a wooden structure used for crucifixion, cross (Alexis Com. [IV B.C.] 220, 10 ἀναπήγνυμι ἐπὶ τοῦ ξύλου; Philo, Somn. 2, 213; Just., A II, 3, 1 ξύλῳ ἐμπαγῆναι, D. 138, 2 διʼ ὕδατος καὶ πίστεως καὶ ξύλου; Iren. 1, 14, 6 [Harv. I 140, 10]; διὰ ξύλου θάνατος καὶ διὰ ξ. ζωή, θ. μὲν κατὰ τὸν Ἀδάμ, ζ. δὲ κατὰ τὸν χριστόν Orig., C. Cels. 6, 36, 28.—Outside the NT also ‘gallows’: the scholiast on Aristoph., Ran. 736 cites a proverb ἀπὸ καλοῦ ξύλου κἂν ἀπάγξασθαι=if you must hang yourself choose a decent tree; Esth 5:14; 6:4, reproduced Jos., Ant. 11, 246: a ξ. sixty cubits high is to be cut down. Most often OT refers to hanging or impalement of a criminal’s corpse on a post ἐπὶ (τοῦ) ξύλου Gen 40:19; Dt 21:22f; Josh 10:26).—ἡ βασιλεία Ἰησοῦ ἐπὶ ξύλῳ the reign of Jesus is based on the wood (of the cross) B 8:5, cp. vs. 1; 12:1 (fr. an apocr. prophetic writing, perh. 4 Esdr 5:5. S. UHolzmeister, Verb Dom 21, ’41, 69–73). κρεμάσαι ἐπὶ ξύλου hang on the cross Ac 5:30; 10:39. ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπὶ ξύλου Gal 3:13 (Dt 21:23; cp, Mel., P. 70, 507; 104, 805 ἐπὶ ξύλου κρεμασθείς). καθελεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ ξ. take down fr. the cross (cp. Josh 10:27) Ac 13:29. πάσχειν ἐπὶ ξύλου B 5:13. τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἀναφέρειν ἐπὶ τὸ ξ. bear the sins on (or to) the cross, to destroy them on the cross 1 Pt 2:24=Pol 8:1.—WSvLeeuwen, NThSt 24, ’41, 68–81.
    ③ tree (this usage is perceptible in Eur., Hdt.; Ctesias [IV B.C.]: 688 Fgm. 45n p. 500 Jac., in Apollon. Paradox. 17 παρʼ Ἰνδοῖς ξύλον γίνεσθαι; Theophr., HP 5, 4, 7; Fgm. Iamb. Adesp. 17 Diehl; Plut., Lycurgus 47 [13, 7]; Harpocration s.v. ὀξυθυμία; PTebt 5, 205 [118 B.C.]; PFlor 152, 4; Gen 1:29; 2:9; 3:1ff; Is 14:8; Eccl 2:5; PsSol 11:5; GrBar 4:8, 16; ApcSed 8:3; Tat. 919, 3 ξύλῳ μαντικῷ) Dg 12:8. ὑγρόν, ξηρὸν ξ. a green, a dry tree Lk 23:31 (s. ξηρός 1 and cp. Polyaenus 3, 9, 7 ξύλα ξηρά [opp. χλωρά].—AHiggins, ET 57, ’45/46, 292–94). πάγκαρπον ξ. a tree bearing all kinds of fruit Dg 12:1. ξ. ἄκαρπον a tree without (edible) fruit (of the elm) Hs 2:3. ξύλῳ ἑαυτὸν συμβάλλειν compare oneself to a tree 1 Cl 23:4a; 2 Cl 11:3 (both script. quots. of unknown orig.). τὰ φύλλα τοῦ ξ. Rv 22:2b; καρπὸς τοῦ ξ. 1 Cl 23:4b. Of trees by watercourses B 11:6 (Ps 1:3). ξ. γνώσεως Dg 12:2a (cp. Gen 2:9, 17; ApcMos 7 al.; Did., Gen. 94, 16); ξ. (τῆς) ζωῆς (Gen 2:9; TestLevi 18:11; ApcEsdr 2:11 p. 26, 5 Tdf.; ApcSed 4:5; ApcMos 19, 22, 28; Did., Gen. 110, 26; τὰ δὲ δύο ξ. τὸ τῆς ζωῆς καὶ τὸ τῆς γνώσεως Theoph. Ant. 2, 24 [p. 156, 19]) Rv 2:7; 22:2a (RSchran, BZ 24, ’38/39, 191–98), 14, 19; Dg 12:2b (cp. vs. 3 and PsSol 14:3 ξύλα τῆς ζωῆς; s. ζωή 2bβ; LvSybel, Ξύλον ζωῆς: ZNW 19, 1920, 85–91; UHolmberg, D. Baum d. Lebens 1923; HBergema, De Boom des Levens in Scrift en Historie, diss. Hilversum ’38; CHemer, The Letters to the Seven Churches of Asia in Their Local Setting ’89 [’86] 41–47; RAC II 1–34; VIII 112–41).—B. 50; 1385. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

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  • 117 ξυράω

    ξυράω (ξύω ‘scrape’; Diod S 1, 83, 2; 1, 84, 2; 5, 28, 3; Plut., Mor. 180b; Dio Chrys. 16 [33], 63; Longus 4, 10, 1; Ath. 14, 2; PMich 243, 10 and 11 [I A.D.]), ξυρέω (Trag., Hdt., Pla. et al.; Lob. on Phryn. p. 205), ξύρω (Hippocr.; Plut., Mor. 336e τὴν κεφαλὴν ξυράμενος; Lucian, De Morte Peregr. 17) fut. 3 sg. ξυρήσει LXX; aor. 3 sg. ἐξύρησε LXX. Pass.: fut. ξυρηθήσομαι LXX; aor. inf. ξυρηθῆναι Lev 13:34; ‘to shave’. In our lit. the foll. verbal forms of the stem ξυρ-are found: mid.: ξύρωνται Ac 21:24 D; fut. ξυρήσονται 21:24; aor. subj. ξυρήσωνται ibid. v.l. Pass.: perf. ptc. ἐξυρημένος 1 Cor 11:5. In vs. 6 ξυρασθαι seems to be marked as a verbal form of ξυράω by ἐξυρημένῃ vs. 5, and in that case it is to be accented as a pres. mid. inf. ξυρᾶσθαι (cp. Diog. L. 7, 166 ξυρᾶσθαι=to have himself shaved; Jos., Ant. 19, 294 ξυρᾶσθαι and Bell. 2, 313 ξυρήσεσθαι; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 5 ξυρῶνται). On the other hand, the immediate proximity of κείρασθαι makes it much more likely that it is an aorist, an aor. mid. inf. of ξύρω, to be accented ξύρασθαι (other edd.; s. B-D-F §101 p. 47; Mlt-H. 200; 250; Anz 310f).—Mid. have oneself shaved (s. Schwyzer II 232; B-D-F §317; Rob. 809) τὴν κεφαλήν have one’s head shaved (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 3, 2; Num 6:9; Ezk 44:20) Ac 21:24 (s. on εὐχή 2 and Jos., Ant. 19, 294). Abs. 1 Cor 11:6. Pass. ἐξυρημένη a woman whose head is shaved vs. 5.—DELG s.v. ξύω.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ξυράω

  • 118 παιδίσκη

    παιδίσκη, ης, ἡ dim. of παῖς ‘girl’, in our lit. always of the slave class, female slave (so Hdt.+; pap [also Dssm. LO 167, 6=LAE 200, 18; others New Docs 2, 87f], LXX, TestAbr A; TestJob 21:2; Test12Patr, JosAs; Philo, Congr. Erud. Gr. 1=Gen 16:1 [PKatz, Philo’s Bible ’50, 36]; Jos., Ant. 18, 40; Ar. [Milne 74, 8]; Just., A I, 9, 4) Mt 26:69; Mk 14:66, 69; Lk 22:56; Ac 12:13; 16:16, 19 D; GJs 2:2f. ἡ π. ἡ θυρωρός the slave who kept the door J 18:17. W. παῖς (Lev 25:44; Dt 12:12, 18; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 22 [Stone p. 38]; Pel-Leg. 12, 24f) Lk 12:45. W. δοῦλος (2 Esdr 2:65; Eccl 2:7; Ar.; w. δούλη JosAs 6:8) B 19:7; D 4:10; of God’s female slaves (w. δοῦλοι ‘male slaves’) 1 Cl 60:2. In specific contrast to ἐλευθέρα of Hagar Gal 4:22f (Gen 16:1ff; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 244); w. a turn in the direction of a more profound sense vss. 30ab (=Gen 21:10ab), 31.—JWackernagel, Glotta 2, 1909, 1–8; 218f; 315.—Lob., Phryn. 239f. Schmidt, Syn. II 429f. DELG s.v. παῖς. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > παιδίσκη

  • 119 παρεμβολή

    παρεμβολή, ῆς, ἡ (παρεμβάλλω; Aeschin.+). Mostly used as a military t.t. (Polyb. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; En 1:4; TestSol 25:7; Test12Patr); so always in our lit.
    ① a (fortified) camp (Polyb. 3, 75, 5; 9; Diod S 13, 87, 2; 15, 84, 1 al.; SIG 700, 20; POxy 736; LXX; Jos., Ant. 6, 110; 20, 152) ἡ παρεμβολὴ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων 1 Cl 55:4 (s. ἀλλόφυλος). Of the Israelite camp (LXX) ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς (Ex 29:14. Cp. Lev 4:12, 21; 10:4f al.) Hb 13:11; 1 Cl 4:11.—To the ἔξω τῆς π. Hb 13:11, vs. 13 adds the appeal ἐξερχώμεθα ἔξω τῆς π., giving as a reason that we have no ‘lasting city’ here. In this pass. the words ἔξω τῆς π. seem to refer to separation fr. worldly things in general (cp. Philo, Gig. 54 Μωϋσῆς ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς καὶ τοῦ σωματικοῦ παντὸς στρατοπέδου πήξας τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σκηνήν); but s. GBarton, JBL 57, ‘38, 204f, Rome.—HKoester, HTR 55, ’62, 299–315. Of Jerusalem Hb 13:12 v.l. (for πύλης).—ἡ παρεμβολὴ τῶν ἁγίων Rv 20:9 is also to be understood fr. the OT use of the word.
    ② barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32. Also of the barracks in Rome where the soldiers who accompanied Paul were quartered Ac 28:16 v.l.
    ③ an army in battle array, battle line (Polyb.; Aelian, VH 14, 46; Ex 14:19f; Judg 4:16; 8:11; 1 Km 14:16; TestSol 25:7 π. τῶν Αἰγυπτίων) Hb 11:34.—FFensham, RevQ 4, ’63, 557–62.—DELG s.v. βάλλω. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > παρεμβολή

  • 120 περί

    περί (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. and acc., in our lit. not w. dat. (B-D-F §203; Rob. 617; see the lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg.) lit. ‘round about’
    ① w. the gen. to denote the object or pers. to which (whom) an activity or esp. inward process refers or relates, about, concerning
    ⓐ after verbs that denote an oral or written expression or its reception, a mental action, knowing, thinking, recognizing, etc., about, concerning; s. the entries ἀκούω 1c and 3c, ἀναγγέλλω 2 end, ἀπαγγέλλω 1, ἀπολογέομαι, γνωρίζω 1, γογγύζω, γράφω 2c, δηλόω, διαβεβαιόομαι, διαλέγομαι 1, διδάσκω 2d, διηγέομαι, εἶπον 1a, ἐντέλλω, ἐπιστέλλω, κατηχέω, λαλέω 2aγ, λέγω 1bδ; λόγον αἰτεῖν, ἀποδιδόναι, διδόναι, ποιεῖσθαι (s. λόγος 2a); μαρτυρέω 1b, μνημονεύω 1c, ὁμιλέω, πυνθάνομαι, προκαταγγέλλω, προφητεύω, ὑπομιμνῄσκω, χρηματίζομαι; ἀγνοέω 1a, ἀπορέω, ἐπινοέω, ἐπίσταμαι 2, οἶδα 1h, πέπεισμαι (s. πείθω 4), πιστεύω 1aβ. Also used w. the substantives belonging to these verbs or verbs w. similar mngs.: ἀπολογία 2a, γογγυσμός; διήγησις, εὐαγγέλιον, ἦχος 2, πρόφασις, φήμη; s. these entries. γινώσκω J 7:17. συμφωνέω Mt 18:19. τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ; what do you think of the Christ? 22:42.
    ⓑ after verbs that express considering, asking, examining, charging, judging, censuring, punishing, praising, etc., on account of, because of, for, concerning. S. the entries ἀποστοματίζω, ἀπορέω, διαπορέω, ἐγκαλέω, εἶδον (3: deliberate concerning), ἐκζητέω 1, ἐλέγχω 2 and 3, ἐξετάζω 1 and 2b, ἐπερωτάω 1a, ἐπιζητέω 1b, ἐρωτάω 1, ζητέω 2, κατηγορέω, παραμυθέομαι.—διαλογίζομαι Lk 3:15. κρίνω J 8:26. λιθάζω 10:33. θεὸν αἰνέω Lk 19:37. περὶ οὗ … οἱ κατήγοροι οὐδεμίαν αἰτίαν ἔφερον his accusers brought no charge of this kind Ac 25:18 (BWeiss, Preuschen take περὶ οὗ w. σταθέντες, which immediately follows it, and understand it to mean ‘around him’, ‘near him’ [περί τινος in this sense IG XIV, 2508, 4]).—S. also the entry ζήτημα.
    ⓒ after verbs that denote emotion. S. the entries ἀγανακτέω, θαυμάζω 1aβ, καυχάομαι, σπλαγχνίζομαι.
    ⓓ after verbs of caring (for). S. the entries μέλει 1b, μεριμνάω, προβλέπω.
    ⓔ after other verbs and expressions, mostly with regard to, with reference to, in relation to, w. respect to εὐλογεῖν Hb 11:20. ἀναβαίνειν περὶ τοῦ ζητήματος go up about the question Ac 15:2. ἐντολὰς λαμβάνειν Col 4:10. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν 1 Cor 7:37 (s. ἐξουσία 1). περὶ πάντων εὐοδοῦσθαι be well off in all respects 3J 2 (περὶ π.=‘in all resp.’: Pla., Gorg. 23, 467d.—Others take it as ‘above all’; cp. Il. 1, 287; 21, 566).
    ⓕ w. certain verbs and nouns such as ‘ask’, ‘pray’, ‘prayer’, etc., περί introduces the pers. or thing in whose interest the petition is made. Thus it takes the place of ὑπέρ (B-D-F §229, 1; Rob. 618; WSchulze, Zeitschr. für vergl. Sprachforschung 44, 1911, 359: Callim., Epigr. 55, 3.—SIG 1170, 30 περὶ τούτου παρεκάλεσα τὸν θεόν; POxy 1298, 4; 1494, 6; JosAs 28:5 ἐξιλάσομαι αὐτοὺς περὶ ὑμῶν; EpArist 273) for. S. the entries δέομαι b, δέησις, ἐρωτάω 2, παρακαλέω 3. προσεύχεσθαι (Gen 20:7; 1 Km 7:5; 2 Macc 1:6; 15:14) Lk 6:28; Col 1:3 (v.l. ὑπέρ); 4:3; 1 Th 5:25; 2 Th 1:11; 3:1; Hb 13:18. προσευχὴ γίνεται Ac 12:5. Παῦλος ἐσταυρώθη περὶ ὑμῶν; 1 Cor 1:13 v.l. (for ὑπέρ). τὸ αἷμα τὸ περὶ πολλῶν ἐκχυννόμενον Mt 26:28 (cp. Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 730, 29 p. 415, 29 Jac. περὶ τῶν διαδόχων αὐτοῦ ἅπαν … παθεῖν). ἀγῶνα ἔχω περὶ ὑμῶν Col 2:1 v.l. (for ὑπέρ).
    ⓖ when used w. ἁμαρτία the word ‘for’ has the sense to take away, to atone for περὶ ἁμαρτίας (Num 8:8) Ro 8:3 (difft. TThornton, JTS 22, ’71, 515–17). Ἰ. Χρ. τοῦ δόντος ἑαυτὸν περὶ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν Gal 1:4 v.l. (for ὑπέρ; CBreytenbach, Versöhnung ’89, 197). περὶ ἁμαρτιῶν ἔπαθεν 1 Pt 3:18 (v.l. ἀπέθανεν). Cp. Hb 5:3c. προσφορὰ περὶ ἁμαρτίας 10:18. θυσία περὶ ἁμαρτιῶν vs. 26. εἰσφέρεται τὸ αἷμα περὶ ἁμαρτίας 13:11. τὸ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας (i.e. προσφερόμενον) the sin-offering (Lev 6:23; 14:19) Hb 10:6, 8 (both Ps 39:7).
    ⓗ περί τινος abs. at the beginning of a sentence concerning, with reference to (GrBar 8:6; Just., A I, 15, 1 al.; SIG 736, 1; PEleph 13, 4f; BGU 246, 13; 17; 1097, 5 [c. 50 A.D.]; 1095, 9 [57 A.D.]) περὶ ὧν (=περὶ τούτων ἃ) ἐγράψατε concerning the things you wrote (to me) 1 Cor 7:1 (s. γράφω 2c). Cp. 8:1; 16:1, 12. In other, seemingly similar, places it is to be connected w. the verb that follows: Mt 22:31; 24:36; Mk 12:26; 13:32; 1 Cor 7:25; 8:4; 12:1; 2 Cor 9:1; 1 Th 4:9; 5:1. (Cp. the formulation of answers by Claudius in PLond 1912; on Paul’s rhetorical use, cp. Demosth. 7, 1; 14; 18; 30; 39; MMitchell NovT 31, ’89, 229–56.)
    ⓘ w. the art. τὰ περί τινος what concerns someone or someth., his or its circumstances, situation, condition (X., An. 2, 5, 37 ὅπως μάθοι τὰ περὶ Προξένου; Sir 19:30; TestJob 41:3; JosAs 19:2; GrBar 4:12; Just., A I, 33, 5; Tat. 36, 2) τὰ περὶ (τοῦ) Ἰησοῦ the reports about Jesus, concerning his miracles Mk 5:27; of Jesus’ passion experiences Lk 24:19; of the preaching about Jesus Ac 18:25; cp. 28:31. τὰ περὶ ἑαυτοῦ (αὐτοῦ, ἐμοῦ, ἐμαυτοῦ, ἡμῶν, ὑμῶν) Lk 24:27; Ac 23:11, 15; 24:10; 28:15; Eph 6:22; Phil 1:27; 2:19f; Col 4:8.—τὰ περὶ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ θεοῦ the things concerning the Kgdm. of God Ac 1:3; 19:8 (v.l. without the art.). τὰ περὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ 24:22 (ὁδός 3c).
    ② w. the acc., gener. in ref. to position rather than mental or emotional considerations as in the use of the gen., about
    ⓐ of place around, about, near (TestJob 40:6 περί τινα φάτνην; 12 περὶ τὴν οἰκίαν; Ath. 25, 1 ἄγγελοι … περὶ τὸν ἀέρα ἔχοντες καὶ τὴν γῆν)
    α. (all) around ἕως ὅτου σκάψω περὶ αὐτήν until I dig (all) around it Lk 13:8. περιαστράψαι φῶς περὶ ἐμέ Ac 22:6b. αἱ παρθένοι ἑστηκυῖαι περὶ τὴν πύλην who stood about the door Hs 9, 3, 2.
    β. of a part of the body around which someth. goes (Heraclid. Pont. Fgm. 55 W. περὶ τὸ μέτωπον; PsSol 2:20 περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν; TestJob 46:9 περὶ τὸ στῆθος; JosAs 3:9 περὶ τὰς χεῖρας): a belt περὶ τὴν ὀσφύν around the waist Mt 3:4; Mk 1:6 (JosAs 14:16); cp. Rv 15:6. A millstone περίκειται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον Mk 9:42; Lk 17:2 (JosAs 18:5); cp. Mt 18:6.
    γ. of nearby places: αἱ περὶ αὐτὰς πόλεις the towns near them (Sodom and Gomorrah) Jd 7. τὰ περὶ τὸν τόπον the region around the place Ac 28:7 (Diod S 1, 50, 6 τὰ π. τὴν Μέμφιν; Strabo 12, 7, 3). Without the art. περὶ Τύρον καὶ Σιδῶνα the neighborhood of T. and S. Mk 3:8.
    δ. of persons who are standing, sitting, working or staying close to someone ὄχλον περὶ αὐτόν Mt 8:18; cp. Mk 9:14. τοὺς περὶ αὐτὸν κύκλῳ καθημένους Mk 3:34; cp. vs. 32. οἱ περὶ αὐτόν those about him, his followers Mk 4:10; Lk 22:49. The central person in the group can be included: οἱ περὶ Παῦλον Paul and his companions Ac 13:13; 21:8 v.l. οἱ περὶ τὸν Πέτρον Peter and those with him short ending of Mark; GHb 356, 38f= ISm 3:2; cp. GHb 22, 39 (Pla., Thu., X.; Diod S 11, 40, 3; 11, 61, 3 οἱ περὶ τὸν Κίμωνα=Cimon and his men; ins, pap; 2 Macc 1:33; 8:30; 4 Macc 2:19; JosAs 26:5; Jos., Bell. 5, 10, Ant. 18, 354 al.; Tat. 36, 1 al.; B-D-F §228; Rob. 620). οἱ περὶ τὸν κεντυρίωνα the centurion and his men GPt 11:45. πρὸς τὰς περὶ Μάρθαν καὶ Μαριάμ J 11:19 v.l. prob. means only the two sisters to Martha and Mary (cp. Phalaris, Ep. 136; Polyb. 4, 36, 6; 21, 11, 2; Diod S 1, 16, 1; 1, 37, 3; 16, 85, 2 οἱ περὶ Χάρητα καὶ Λυσικλέα=Chares and Lysicles [are made generals]; Plut., Tib. Gracch. 825 [2, 3] οἱ περὶ Δροῦσον = Δροῦσος, Pyrrh. 395 [20, 1] οἱ περὶ Γάϊον Φαβρίκιον = Γάϊος Φαβρίκιος; Diog. L. 2, 43 οἱ περὶ Αἰσχύλον=Aeschylus; 2, 105; EpArist 51; Philo, Vi. Cont. 15; Jos., Ant. 13, 187; 15, 370, C. Ap. 1, 17). οἱ π. τὸν Παῦλον Ac 27:1a v.l.=Παῦλος vs. 1b.
    ⓑ of time about, near (Hdt., Thu., X. et al.; PGen 17, 10; PGiss 70, 7; Gen 15:12; Ex 11:4) περὶ τρίτην ὥραν (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 45 §182; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 11 [Stone p. 12] and B 6 p. 109, 27 [Stone p. 66]; Jos., Vi. 239; cp. 243; PSI 184, 5 χθὲς περὶ ἕκτην ὥραν) about the third hour Mt 20:3. Likew. w. the hour given vs. 5f, 9; 27:46; Ac 10:3 (ὡσεὶ περὶ ὥραν ἐνάτην; ApcMos 17 περὶ ὥραν, ὅταν), 9; cp. Mk 6:48; Ac 22:6a.
    ⓒ of being occupied with (Just., D. 2, 5 χρόνον ἐκτρίβειν περὶ ἐκεῖνα τὰ μαθματα; 8, 3 τῆς περὶ τὸ θεῖον ὁρμῆς; Tat. 27, 3; Ath. 17, 3) περισπᾶσθαι (q.v. 2), θορυβάζεσθαι περί τι Lk 10:40f. οἱ π. τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάται the workers who were occupied with such things (s. ἐργάτης 1a) Ac 19:25.
    ⓓ with regard or respect to (Diod S 2, 18, 2 ἡ περὶ αὐτὴν ἀρετή=her valor; Lucian, Vit. Auct. 17 οἱ περὶ μοιχείαν νόμοι; ApcEsdr 1:6 δικάσασθαι … περὶ τὸ γένος τῶν χριστιανῶν; Jos., Ant. 5, 259; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13 σου τὸ σπουδαῖον περὶ τὴν πίστιν) ἀστοχεῖν 1 Ti 6:21; 2 Ti 2:18. ναυαγεῖν 1 Ti 1:19. νοσεῖν have a morbid craving for someth. (s. νοσέω) 6:4. περὶ πάντα in all respects Tit 2:7.—Pol 4:3; παράδοξον περὶ Ἰοῦστον … γέγονος a miracle that took place involving Justus Papias (2:9). On 2 Cl 17:2 s. ἀνάγω 5.—τὰ περὶ ἐμέ my situation, how I am getting along (Menand., Sam. 623 S. [Kö. 278]; UPZ 68, 6 [152 B.C.] τὰ περὶ Ἀπολλώνιον; Just., A I, 54, 2 τὰ περὶ τὸν Χριστόν; Tat. 8, 4 τὰ περὶ σέ; Jos., Ant. 2, 60) Phil 2:23. αἱ π. τὰ λοιπὰ ἐπιθυμίαι desires for other things Mk 4:19.—DELG. M-M. TW.

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