-
1 sen-
vb. "let loose, free, let go" VT43:18 -
2 na
1 form of the verb "to be", evidently the imperative or subjunctive: Tolkien stated that na airë would mean "be holy" VT43:14, and san na q.v. must mean "thus be" = "let it be so"; see ná \#1 Cf. also the sentence alcar mi tarmenel una/u Erun "glory in high heaven ube/u to God" VT44:32/34. Inserted in front of a verb, na expresses a wish: aranielya na tuluva "may thy kingdom come" ibid. 2 prep. "to, towards", possibly obsoleted by \#1 above; for clarity writers may use the synonym ana instead NĀsup1/sup. Originally, Tolkien glossed na as "at, by, near"; the new meaning entered together with the synonyms an, ana VT45:36. -
3 Eä
2 noun the universe, so called because Ilúvatar used the command Eä! Let these things be! when he gave independent being to the Music of the Ainur Ainulindalë. See ëa \#1 for references. -
4 lerya-
vb. "release, set free, let go"; negated avalerya- "bind, make fast, restrain, deprive of liberty" VT41:5, 6 -
5 san
1 adv. "then" MC:216; also twice in Narqelion, a Qenya term apparently replaced by tá in Tolkiens later conception. In his later Quenya, san would be the dative form of sa it, hence for it; to it. 2 adv. ephemeral word for "so" yan...san "as...so"; san na "thus be" = let it be so, "amen"; this form was apparently quickly abandoned by Tolkien VT43:16, 24, VT49.18 -
6 sar(sard-)
as in pl. sardi noun "small stone" SAR. In Elessar, q.v. Since Tolkien let this name have a stem in -sarn- genitive Elessarno, VT49:28, he may seem to have changed the stem-form of sar from sard- to sarn-. -
7 nó
1 stem nów- as in pl. nówi noun "conception" = idea NOWO. In an earlier version, later deleted, nó represented earlier ñó ngó, glossed "idea, thought" VT46:6. 2 conj."but" VT41:13 3 prep. before of time, compare nóvo, at back of spatial relationships. In other conceptual phases, Tolkien also let the word have the opposite meaning after of time or in front of space. VT49:32. -
8 ric-
k 1 vb. try, put forth effort, strive, endeavour PE17:93, 94, 167, imperative á ricë try!, pl. á ricir let them try, á rice amaricië try harder! or more idiomatically á carë sí ancarië, lit. *do now with more doing! 2 vb. "twist", perfect irícië "has twisted" VT39:9 -
9 atalantë
noun "downfall, overthrow, especially as name Atalantë of the downfallen land of Númenor" DAT/DANT, TALÁT, Akallabêth, SD:247, 310; also LR:47, VT45:26. Variant atalantië "Downfall", said to be a normal noun-formation in Quenya Letters:347, footnote. From the common noun atalantë "collapse, downfall" is derived the adj. atalantëa "ruinous, downfallen", pl. atalantië in Markirya changed to sg. atalantëa this change does not make immediate sense, since the adjective undoubtedly modifies a plural noun, but Tolkien does not always let adjectives agree in number. -
10 le
pronominal element "you", originally the "reverential 2nd person sing" RGEO:73, VT49:56. However, singular le was apparently altered to lye q.v., and le took on a plural significance le for pl. you is apparently derived from de, the ancient 2nd person pl. stem, VT49:50-51. Stressed lé VT49:51, dual let *the two of you ibid.. At certain points in Tolkiens conception, le was still sg. thou rather than pl. you. It is attested as an ending in the imperative form antalë *"give thou" VT43:17; see anta-. The form ólë in VT43:29 apparently means *"with thee"; according to Tolkiens later system, it would rather mean with you pl. Compare aselyë with thee sg. in a later source see as. -
11 ëa
1 sometimes "eä" vb. "is" CO, in a more absolute sense "exists", VT39:7/VT49:28-29 than the copula ná. Eä "it is" VT39:6 or "let it be". The verb is also used in connection with prepositional phrases denoting a position, as in the relative sentences i or ilyë mahalmar ëa who is above all thrones CO and i ëa han ëa *who is beyond the universe of Eä VT43:14. Eä is said to the be present & aorist tense VT49:29. The past tense of ëa is engë VT43:38, VT49:29; Tolkien struck out the form ëanë, VT49:30, the historically correct perfect should be éyë, but the analogical form engië was more common; the future tense is euva VT49:29. See also ëala. Eä is also used as a noun denoting "All Creation", the universe WJ:402; Letters:284, footnote, but this term for the universe "was not held to include souls? and spirits" VT39:20; contrast ilu. One version of Tolkien's Quenya Lord's Prayer includes the words i ëa han ëa, taken to mean "who is beyond Eä" VT43:14. Tolkien noted that ëa properly cannot be used of God since ëa refers only to all things created by Eru directly or mediately, hence he deleted the example Eru ëa *God exists VT49:28, 36. However, ëa is indeed used of Eru in CO i Eru i or ilyë mahalmar uëa/u the One who uis/u above all thrones as well as in various Átaremma versions see VT49:36, so such a distinction may belong to the refined language of the loremasters rather than to everyday useage. 3 "eagle" LT1:251, LT2:338, a Qenya word apparently superseded by soron, sornë in Tolkien's later forms of Quenya. -
12 esto
emphatic pronoun ?, apparently 3rd person dual, *even the two of them VT49:48. The word comes from a conceptual phase where Tolkien let dual pronouns end in the vowel -o, an idea that was apparently abandoned; also, -st- is associated with the second rather than the third person dual in later sources see -stë. The ending may have been conceived as *-sto at an earlier stage VT49:49. -
13 a
1 vocative particle "O" in a vanimar "O beautiful ones" LotR3:VI ch. 6, translated in Letters:308; also attested repeatedly in VT44:12 cf. 15: A Hrísto *"o Christ", A Eruion*"o God the son/son of God", a Aina Fairë *"o Holy Spirit", a aina Maria *"o holy Mary". 2 conj. "and", a variant of ar occurring in Fíriel's Song that also has ar; a seems to be used before words in f-, but contrast ar formenna *and northwards in a late text, VT49:26. According to PE17:41, Old Quenya could have the conjunction a as a variant of ar before n, ñ, m, h, hy, hw f is not mentioned, PE17:71 adding ty, ny, hr, hl, ñ, l, r,þ, s. See ar \#1. It may be that the a or the sentence nornë a lintieryanen he ran with his speed i.e. as quickly as he could is to be understood as this conjunction, if the literal meaning is *he ran and did so with his speed PE17:58. 3, also á, imperative particle. An imperative with immediate time reference is expressed by á in front of the verb or occasionally after it, sometimes before and after for emphasis, with the verb following in the simplest form also used for the uninflected aorist without specific time reference past or present or future PE17:93. Cf. a laita te, laita te! "o bless them, bless them!", á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!", literally *"o rule Manwë!" see laita, vala for reference; cf. also á carë *do!, á ricë try!, á lirë sing!, á menë proceed!, a norë run! PE17:92-93, notice short a in this example, á tula *"come!" VT43:14. In the last example, the verb tul- come receives an ending -a that probably represents the suffixed form of the imperative particle, this apparently being an example of the imperative element occurring both before and after the verbal stem for emphasis PE17:93. This ending may also appear on its own with no preceding a/á, as in the command queta speak! PE17:138. Other examples of imperatives with suffixed -a include cena and tira VT47:31, see cen-, tir-; the imperatives of these same verbs are however also attested as á tirë, á cenë PE17:94 with the imperative particle remaining independent and the following verb appearing as an uninflected aorist stem. This aorist can be plural to indicate a 3rd person pl. subject: á ricir! let them try! PE17:93. Alyë VT43:17, VT44:9 seems to be the imperative particle a with the pronominal suffix -lyë "you, thou" suffixed to indicate the subject who is to carry out the command; attested in the phrase alyë anta *"give thou" elided aly' in VT43:11, since the next word begins in e-: aly' eterúna me, *"do thou deliver us"; presumably other pronominal suffixes could likewise be added. The particle a is also present in the negative imperatives ala, \#ála or áva, q.v. -
14 esta-
1 vb. "to name" ES, VT45:12. In an earlier form of the relevant entry in the Etymologies, Tolkien let esta- mean "to place, set, plant" VT45:12; a deleted entry SET also had esta- "precede" VT46:13 -
15 nai
1 imperative verb "be it that", used with a verb usually in the future tense to express a wish. The translation "maybe" in Tolkien's rendering of Namárië is somewhat misleading; he used "be it that" in the interlinear translation in RGEO:67. Apparently this is na as the imperative "be!" with a suffix -i "that", cf. i \#3. It can be used with the future tense as an expression of wish VT49:39. Nai hiruvalyë Valimar! Nai elyë hiruva! *"May thou find Valimar. May even thou find it!" Nam, VT49:39. Nai tiruvantes "be it that they will guard it" "may they guard it" CO. Nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna *may a star shine upon your book-fair VT49:38, nai elen siluva lyenna *may a star shine upon you VT49:40, nai elen atta siluvat aurenna veryanwesto *may two stars shine upon the day of your wedding VT49:42-45, nai laurë lantuva parmastanna lúmissen tengwiesto may a golden light fall on your book at the times of your reading VT49:47. Nai may also be used with a present continuative verb if an ongoing situation is wished for: Nai Eru lye mánata God bless you VT49:39 or literally *be it that God is already blessing you. The phrase nai amanya onnalya *be it that your child will be blessed omits any copula; Tolkien noted that imperative of wishes precedes adj. VT49:41. VT49:28 has the form nái for let it be that; Patrick Wynne theorizes that nái is actually an etymological form underlying nai VT49:36 2 prefix ill, grievously, abominably PE17:151, cf. naiquet-. Earlier material also lists aninterjection nai "alas" NAY; this may be obsoleted by \# 1 above; Namárië uses ai! in a similar sense
См. также в других словарях:
let — let·o·vic·ite; let·ta·ble; let·tered; let·ter·er; let·ter·et; let·ter·gae; let·ter·less; let·ter·man; let·tic; let·tre; let·tuce; lobe·let; lord·let; lor·i·let; lu·nu·let; mag·a·zine·let; man·tel·let·ta; mart·let; mil·let·tia; miq·ue·let;… … English syllables
Let — Let, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Let} ({Letted} (l[e^]t t[e^]d), [Obs].); p. pr. & vb. n. {Letting}.] [OE. leten, l[ae]ten (past tense lat, let, p. p. laten, leten, lete), AS. l[=ae]tan (past tense l[=e]t, p. p. l[=ae]ten); akin to OFries. l[=e]ta, OS.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Let — Let, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Let} ({Letted} (l[e^]t t[e^]d), [Obs].); p. pr. & vb. n. {Letting}.] [OE. leten, l[ae]ten (past tense lat, let, p. p. laten, leten, lete), AS. l[=ae]tan (past tense l[=e]t, p. p. l[=ae]ten); akin to OFries. l[=e]ta, OS.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
let*/*/*/ — [let] (past tense and past participle let) verb 1) [T] to allow something to happen, or to allow someone to do something Alice s mum won t let her come with us.[/ex] I stepped back and let him pass.[/ex] The large windows let in a lot of… … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
Let It Be — Студийный альбом The Beatl … Википедия
let — [let] verb let PTandPP letting PRESPART [transitive] PROPERTY also let out to allow someone to use a room or building in return for rent … Financial and business terms
let — Ⅰ. let [1] ► VERB (letting; past and past part. let) 1) not prevent or forbid; allow. 2) used in the imperative to express an intention, proposal, or instruction: let s have a drink. 3) used to express an assumption upon which a theory or… … English terms dictionary
let — let1 [let] vt. let, letting [ME leten < OE lætan, to leave behind, akin to Ger lassen < IE * lēd < base * lēi , to neglect, leave behind > LATE, L letum, death] 1. to leave; forsake; abandon: now only in phrases let alone or let be or … English World dictionary
let — ● let adjectif invariable (anglais let, de to let, laisser) Au tennis et au tennis de table, se dit d une balle de service qui touche le sommet du filet et retombe dans les limites du court ou sur la table et dans le camp adverse. (Une balle let… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Let Go — Álbum de estudio de Avril Lavigne Publicación 21 de junio de 2002 … Wikipedia Español
let — vb let, let·ting vt 1: to offer or grant for rent, lease, or hire: lease may not be alienated, let, or encumbered corporeal things may be let out 2: to assign esp. after bids were att … Law dictionary