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81 contron cabin
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82 framing
1. каркас; стержневая несущая конструкция; остов; обвязка2. обрамление проёма3. леса; козлы4. балочная клетка5. система перекрёстных рёбер ребристого перекрытия6. система балок, примыкающих к колоннам7. несущие конструкции междуэтажного перекрытия8. опорная конструкция полаperimeter framing — периметральный каркас, каркас по периметру здания
plank framing — дощатый каркас, каркас из досок
side framing — каркас стены; фахверк
structural framing — несущий каркас; несущая стержневая система
timber framing — деревянная стержневая конструкция; деревянный каркас
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83 scaffold
1. строительные леса, подмости2. рабочая платформаcarpenters bracket scaffold — леса на кронштейнах, консольные леса
horse scaffold — подмости на козлах, козловые подмости
independent pole scaffold — свободно стоящие стоечные леса, коренные леса
manually propelled mobile scaffold — передвижные подмости, перемещаемые вручную
single-point adjustable suspension scaffold — подъёмные леса, поддерживаемые одним канатом
substandard scaffold — леса, не отвечающие требованиям техники безопасности
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84 short-time duty
1. кратковременный режим2. кратковременный режим работыEnglish-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > short-time duty
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85 Marli-Marly
A light-weight French linen fabric, the manufacture of which was regulated by the laws of 1780. It was used for dresses and interior decoration. -
86 Heart
subs.Centre: P. and V. τὸ μέσον.Interior of a country: P. μεσογεία, ἡ.Seat of the feelings: P. and V. ψυχή, ἡ, Ar. and V. καρδία, ἡ, θυμός, ὁ, κέαρ, τό, φρήν, ἡ, or pl., V. σπλάγχνον, τό, or pl., ἧπαρ, τό.Have the heart to, v.; P. and V. ἀξιοῦν (infin.), δικαιοῦν (infin.), V. τολμᾶν (infin.), ἐπαξιοῦν (infin.), Ar. and V. τλῆναι ( 2nd aor. of τλᾶν) (infin.).Take to heart: P. ἐνθύμιον ποιεῖσθαί (τί).Be vexed at: P. χαλεπῶς φέρειν (acc.), V. πικρῶς φέρειν (acc.).An honest grief I know goes to the heart: V. χωρεῖ πρὸς ἧπαρ, οἶδα, γενναία δύη (Soph., Aj. 938).Take heart: P. and V. θαρσεῖν, θρασύνεσθαι, V. θαρσύνειν, P. ἀναρρωσθῆναι (aor. pass. of ἀναρρωννύναι).Smitten to the heart: V. φρένας... εἰς αὐτὰς τυπείς (Æsch., P.V. 361).Speak from the heart: V. λέγειν... τὸν ἐκ φρενὸς λόγον (Æsch., Choe. 107).Through cowardice you give rein to your tongue, though you think not thus at heart: V. δειλίᾳ γλώσσῃ χαρίζει τἄνδον οὐχ οὕτω φρονῶν (Eur., Or. 1514).To make her weep though she rejoice at heart: V. ὡστʼ ἐκδακρῦσαι γʼ ἔνδοθεν κεχαρμένην (Eur., Or. 1122).( I swear) that I will speak truly to you from my heart: V. ἦ μὴν ἐρεῖν σοι τἀπὸ καρδίας σαφῶς (Eur., I.A. 475).With a light heart: P. and V. ῥᾳδίως, P. εὐχερῶς, V. κούφως.They were going to have experience of Lacedaemonians whose heart was in their work: P. Λακεδαιμονίων ὀργώντων ἔμελλον πειράσεσθαι (Thuc. 4, 108).Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Heart
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87 dimness
dimness n2 (of recollection, figure, outline) imprécision f. -
88 material
материал; веществоhigh temperature (resistant) material — жаростойкий [жаропрочный] материал
thermal shock resistant material — материал, стойкий к термическим ударам
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89 trimming
балансировка, уравновешивание; триммирование, снятие нагрузки ( с рычага управления)trimming to the green light "on" — триммирование [отклонение триммера] до загорания зелёной лампы
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90 Perret, Auguste
[br]b. 12 February 1874 Ixelles, near Brussels, Belgiumd. 26 February 1954 Le Havre (?), France[br]French architect who pioneered and established building design in reinforced concrete in a style suited to the modern movement.[br]Auguste Perret belonged to the family contracting firm of A. \& G.Perret, which early specialized in the use of reinforced concrete. His eight-storey building at 25 bis Rue Franklin in Paris, built in 1902–3, was the first example of frame construction in this material and established its viability for structural design. Both ground plan and façade are uncompromisingly modern, the simplicity of the latter being relieved by unobtrusive faience decoration. The two upper floors, which are set back, and the open terrace roof garden set a pattern for future schemes. All of Perret's buildings had reinforced-concrete structures and this was clearly delineated on the façade designs. The concept was uncommon in Europe at the time, when eclecticism still largely ruled, but was derived from the late nineteenth-century skyscraper façades built by Louis Sullivan in America. In 1905–6 came Perret's Garage Ponthieu in Paris; a striking example of exposed concrete, it had a central façade window glazed in modern design in rich colours. By the 1920s ferroconcrete was in more common use, but Perret still led the field in France with his imaginative, bold use of the material. His most original structure is the Church of Notre Dame at Le Raincy on the outskirts of Paris (1922–3). The imposing exterior with its tall tower in diminishing stages is finely designed, but the interior has magnificence. It is a wide, light church, the segmented vaulted roof supported on slender columns. The whole structure is in concrete apart from the glass window panels, which extend the full height of the walls all around the church. They provide a symphony of colour culminating in deep blue behind the altar. Because of the slenderness of the columns and the richness of the glass, this church possesses a spiritual atmosphere and unimpeded sight and sound of and from the altar for everyone. It became the prototype for churches all over Europe for decades, from Moser in prewar Switzerland to Spence's postwar Coventry Cathedral.In a long working life Perret designed buildings for a wide range of purposes, adhering to his preference for ferroconcrete and adapting its use according to each building's needs. In the 1940s he was responsible for the railway station at Amiens, the Atomic Centre at Saclay and, one of his last important works, the redevelopment after wartime damage of the town centre of Le Havre. For the latter, he laid out large open squares enclosed by prefabricated units, which display a certain monotony, despite the imposing town hall and Church of St Joseph in the Place de L'Hôtel de Ville.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident des Réunions Internationales des Architectes. American Society of the French Legion of Honour Gold Medal 1950. Elected after the Second World War to the Institut de France. First President of the International Union of Architects on its creation in 1948. RIBA Royal Gold Medal 1948.Further ReadingP.Blater, 1939, "Work of the architect A.Perret", Architektura SSSR (Moscow) 7:57 (illustrated article).1848 "Auguste Perret: a pioneer in reinforced concrete", Civil Engineers' Review, pp.296–300.Peter Collins, 1959, Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture: A Study of Auguste Perret and his Precursors, Faber \& Faber.Marcel Zahar, 1959, D'Une Doctrine d'Architecture: Auguste Perret, Paris: Vincent Fréal.DY -
91 Soane, Sir John
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 20 September 1753 Whitchurch, Englandd. 20 January 1837 London, England[br]English architect whose highly personalized architectural style foreshadowed the modern architecture of a century later.[br]Between 1777 and 1780 Soane studied in Italy on a Travelling Scholarship, working in Rome but also making extensive excursions further south to Paestum and Sicily to study the early and more severely simple Greek temples there.His architectural career began in earnest with his appointment as Surveyor to the Bank of England in 1788. He held this post until 1833 and during this time developed his highly individual style, which was based upon a wide range of classical sources extending from early Greek to Byzantine themes. His own work became progressively more linear and austere, his domes and arches shallower and more segmental. During the 1790s and early 1800s Soane redesigned several halls in the Bank, notably the Bank Stock Office, which in 1791 necessitated technological experimentation.The redesigning was required because of security problems which limited window openings to high-level positions and a need for fireproof construction because the site was so restricted. Soane solved the difficulties by introducing light through lunettes set high in the walls and through a Roman-style oculus in the centrally placed shallow dome. He utilized hollow terracotta pots as a lightweight material in the segmental vaulting.Sadly, the majority of Soane's work in the Bank interior was lost in the rebuilding during the 1930s, but Soane went on to develop his architectural style in his houses and churches as well as in a quantity of public buildings in Whitehall and Westminster.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1831. Fellow Society of Antiquaries 1795. RA 1802. Royal Academy Professor of Architecture 1806. FRS 1821.Further ReadingSir John Summerson, 1952, Sir John Soane, 1753–1837, Art and Technics. Dorothy Stroud, 1961, The Architecture of Sir John Soane, Studio.DY -
92 cabin
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