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1 Information Processing
The term "information processing" originated in the late fifties in the computer field as a general descriptive term that seemed somewhat less contingent and parochial than "computer science," which also came into use during the same period. Thus, it was the name of choice for two of the encompassing professional organizations formed at the time: the In ternational Federation of Information Processing Societies and the American Federation of Information Processing Societies. Although the transfer of the phrase from activities of computers to parallel activities of human beings undoubtedly occurred independently in a number of heads, the term was originally identified pretty closely with computer simulation of cognitive processes... ; that is, with the kind of effort from which arose the theory in this book. (Newell & Simon, 1972, p. 888)It was because the activities of the computer itself seemed in some ways akin to cognitive processes. Computers accept information, manipulate symbols, store items in "memory" and retrieve them again, classify inputs, recognize patterns and so on.... Indeed the assumptions that underlie most contemporary work on information processing are surprisingly like those of nineteenth century introspective psychology, though without introspection itself. (Neisser, 1976, pp. 5, 7)The processor was assumed to be rational, and attention was directed to the logical nature of problem solving strategies. The "mature western mind" was presumed to be one that, in abstracting knowledge from the idosyncracies of particular everyday experience, employed Aristotelian laws of logic. When applied to categories, this meant that to know a category was to have an abstracted clear-cut, necessary, and sufficient criteria for category membership. If other thought processes, such as imagery, ostensive definition, reasoning by analogy to particular instances, or the use of metaphors were considered at all, they were usually relegated to lesser beings such as women, children, primitive people, or even to nonhumans. (Rosch & Lloyd, 1978, p. 2)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Information Processing
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2 information processing
Network technologies: IPУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > information processing
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3 Information Processing Language
Information technology: IPLУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Language
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4 Information Processing Society of Japan
Information technology: IPSJ (organization, Japan)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Society of Japan
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5 Information Processing promotion Agency
Information technology: IPA (organization, MITI, Japan)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing promotion Agency
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6 Information Processing And Technology
Position ( job): IPTУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing And Technology
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7 Information Processing Architecture
Network technologies: IPAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Architecture
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8 Information Processing Centre
Abbreviation: IPCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Centre
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9 Information Processing Division
NASA: IPDУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Division
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10 Information Processing Ltd
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Ltd
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11 Information Processing Management System
Computers: IPMSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Management System
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12 Information Processing Protocol
Military: IPPУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Protocol
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13 Information Processing Society
Abbreviation: IPSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Society
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14 Information Processing Standards
Abbreviation: IPSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Standards
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15 Information Processing Techniques Office
Military: IPTOУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Techniques Office
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16 Information Processing Technologies
Computers: IPTУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Information Processing Technologies
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17 information processing and programmed decision system
Military: IPPDSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > information processing and programmed decision system
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18 information processing center
Network technologies: IPCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > information processing center
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19 information processing code
Military: IPCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > information processing code
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20 information processing equipment
Military: IPEУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > information processing equipment
См. также в других словарях:
Information Processing — Information Processing, IT … Universal-Lexikon
Information processing — is the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer. As such, it is a process which describes everything which happens (changes) in the universe, from the falling of a rock (a change in position) to the printing of a … Wikipedia
information processing — UK US noun [U] ► IT the process of dealing with information, especially using a computer: »Training in the effective use of information processing tools is as important as the tools themselves … Financial and business terms
information processing — in for*ma tion pro ces*sing, n. The processing of information, especially by computers, including the organization, distribution, and frequently the analysis of data and the presentation of results in easily understood form. [PJC] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
information processing — Acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information. Today the term usually refers to computer based operations. Information processing consists of locating and capturing information, using software to… … Universalium
information processing — noun the sciences concerned with gathering, manipulating, storing, retrieving, and classifying recorded information • Syn: ↑information science, ↑informatics, ↑IP • Members of this Topic: ↑queue • Hypernyms: ↑science, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
information processing — informacijos apdorojimas statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. information handling; information processing vok. Informationsverarbeitung, f; Nachrichtenverarbeitung, f rus. обработка информации, f pranc. traitement d information, m … Automatikos terminų žodynas
information processing — automatinis duomenų apdorojimas statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. ADP; automatic data processing; information processing vok. automatische Datenverarbeitung, f rus. автоматическая обработка данных, f pranc. traitement automatique de … Automatikos terminų žodynas
information processing — informacijos apdorojimas statusas T sritis informatika apibrėžtis Duomenų rinkimas, kaupimas, laikymas, tvarkymas, perdavimas, pateikimas naudojant ↑informacines technologijas. atitikmenys: angl. information processing ryšiai: dar žiūrėk –… … Enciklopedinis kompiuterijos žodynas
Information Processing Language — (IPL) is a programming language developed by Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, and Herbert Simon at RAND Corporation and the Carnegie Institute of Technology from about 1956. Newell had the role of language specifier application programmer, Shaw was the… … Wikipedia
information processing model — UK US noun [C] ► MARKETING the idea, often used in connection with marketing, that the human brain takes in information, stores it, and later makes decisions based on it: »The information processing model is useful for advertising messages, in… … Financial and business terms
