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in+sheets

  • 1 BÓK

    * * *
    (gen. bókar and bœkr; pl. bœkr), f.
    1) beech, beechtree;
    2) poet. textile fabric with figures woven in it (bœkr þínar enar bláhvítu);
    3) book;
    lesa á bók, to read a book;
    rita á bók, setja á bœkr, to set down in writing, to put on record;
    kunna (festa) et útan bókar, to know (to get) by heart;
    heilög bók, the divine book, the bible;
    4) the gospel (vinna eið at bók; cf. bókareiðr);
    5) Latin kenna em á bók, to teach one Latin;
    nema á bók, to learn Latin;
    setja en til bókar, to put one to school (in order to make him a priest);
    hann heitir á bók ( in Latin) Jaskonius;
    svá segir (er sagt) í bókum (in Latin books);
    6) lawbook, code of law (lögbók, Jónsbók).
    * * *
    1.
    ar, f. [Lat. fāgus; Gr. φηγός; A. S. bôc; Engl. beech; Germ. buche (fem.); Swed. bok; Dan. böge, etc.]:—a beech, Edda (Gl.), Lex. Poët. Owing to the absence of trees in Icel., the word rarely occurs; moreover the collect. beyki, n., is more freq.
    2.
    gen. bókar, but also in old writers bækr, pl. bækr, [Ulf. renders by bôca the Gr. βίβλος, γράμματα, επιστολή, etc.; A. S. bôc; Engl. book; Germ. buch (neut.); Swed. bok; Dan. bog: the identity between bók fāgus and bók liber seems certain; the gender is in all Scandinavian idioms the same; modern German has made a distinction in using buche fem., buch neut.; both are akin to the Gr.-Lat. fāgus, φηγός; cp. also the analogy with Gr. βίβλος and Lat. liber ( book and bark): bók-stafr also properly means a beech-twig, and then a letter. In old times, before the invention of parchment, the bark of trees was used for writing on]:—a book.
    I. the earliest notion, however, of a ‘book’ in Scandin. is that of a precious stuff, a textile fabric with figures, or perhaps characters, woven in it; it occurs three or four times in old poems in this sense; bók ok blæja, bjartar váðir, Skv. 3. 47; bækr (bekr) þínar enar bláhvítu ofnar völundum (of bed-sheets?), Hðm. 7, Gh. 4: bók-rúnar, Sdm. 19, may refer to this; or is it = runes engraven on beech-wood?
    II. a book in the proper sense. Icel. say, rita and setja saman bók (sögu), to write and compose a book ( story); old writers prefer saying, rita ‘á’ bók (dat. or acc.) instead of ‘í,’ perhaps bearing in mind that the earliest writings were on scrolls, or even on stones or wooden slabs—barbara fraxineis pingatur runa tabellis; they also prefer to use the plur. instead of sing. without regard to volumes (as in Engl. writings); það finst ritað á bókum, Fms. i. 157; á bókum Ara prests hins Fróða, iii. 106; historia ecclesiarum á tveim (sjau) bókum, Dipl. v. 18; á bókum er sagt, Landn. (pref.); á bókum Enskum, id.; á bók þessi (acc.) lét ek rita fornar frásagnir, Hkr. (pref.); but svá segir í bók þeirri sem Edda heitir, Skálda 222; þá hluti sem frammi standa í bók þessi, 159; svá sem hann (viz. Ari) hefir sjálfr ritað í sínum bókum, Ó. H. 188; þeir er Styrmir reiknar í sinni bók, Fb. ii. 68; hér fyrr í bókinni.
    III. a book, i. e. a story, history (Saga), since in Icel. histories were the favourite books; cp. Íslendinga-bók, Konunga-bók, bók Styrmis; Landnáma-bók; bækr þær er Snorri setti saman, Sturl. ii. 123. It is used of the Gospel in the law phrases, sem búar virða við bók, vinna eið at bók (bókar-eiðr), of a verdict given or an oath taken by laying the hand upon the Gospel, Grág. (Þ. Þ.) several times; as the Engl. phrase ‘to swear on the book’ is common; of a code (of law) = Jóns-bók, after A. D. 1272 or 1281, Bs. i. 720, 723, vide Ann. those years; hafa bók even means to hold the book, i. e. to hold the office of lögmaðr (law-man, judge); Þórðr Narfa son hafði bók, Ann. (Hol.) A. D. 1304; á bókarinnar vegna, on the part of the book, i. e. the law, D. N. ii. 492. Mod. phrases: skrifa, rita, semja bók, to write it; lesa í bók, to read it; but syngja á bók, to sing from a book; fletta bók, to turn over the leaves; líta, blaða, í bók, to peruse, look into a book (hann lítr aldrei í bók, he never looks into a book); lesa bók ofan í kjölinn, to read a book carefully, v. lesa bók spjaldanna í milli, to read it from end to end:—sálma-bók, flokka-bók, a hymn-book; kvæða-bók, ljóða-bók, a book of poems; sögu-bók, of histories; lög-bók, of laws; Guðs orða-bók, God’s word-book, a religious book:—also of MSS., Flateyjar-bók (Cod. Flateyensis), Orms-bók, Uppsala-bók, Konungs-bók, Staðarfells-bók, Skálholts-bók, etc.:—phrases relating to books: það er allt á eina bókina lært, all learnt from the same book, i. e. all of one piece (esp. denoting one-sidedness); blindr er bóklauss maðr, blind is a bookless man; læra utan-bókar, to learn without book, by heart; bókvit, ‘bookwit,’ knowledge got from books; mannvit, mother-wit, common sense; allra manna vit er minna en þeirra er af bókum taka mannvit sitt, Sks. 22:—also, setja e-n til bækr, to set one to book, i. e. put one to school in order to make him priest; berja e-n til bækr, to thrash one to the book, i. e. into learning, Bs. i; a book has spjöld, boards; kjöl, keel, back; snið, cut; brot, size.
    COMPDS: bókagull, bókagörð, bókakista, bókalectari, bókalist, bókarblað, bókarbót, bókareiðr, bókareiðstafr, bókarlag, bókarskeyting, bókarskrá, bókarstóll, bókartak, bókarvitni, bókaskápr, bókasteinn, bókastokkr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BÓK

  • 2 FALDA

    * * *
    I)
    (feld; félt, féldura; faldinn), v. to array with a woman’s hood (f. e-n or e-m e-u, or með or við e-u); f. sik motri, með or við motri, to hood oneself with a motr; Brandr var faldinn, Brand had on a woman’s headgear; hjálmi faldinn, wearing a helmet.
    (að), v.
    1) to hood (see prec.);
    2) to fold; fá mer skyrtu þína, en ek skal f. hana saman, I shall fold it up; falda aptr, to unfold.
    * * *
    in old writers this word (if used in sense II) always follows the strong form and is declined like halda, viz. pret. félt, Landn. 166, vide Lex. Poët. passim, pl. féldu; pres. sing. feld; imperat. falt; pret. subj. féldi, Orkn. (in a verse); part, faldinn; but in signf. I ( to fold) it is weak (faldar, faldaði), though it seldom occurs in old writers in this sense: in mod. usage the weak form only is used: [Ulf. falþan = πτύσσειν in Luke iv. 20. to fold or close the book; A. S. fealdan; Engl. to fold; Germ. falten; Dan. folde; Swed. fålla; Fr. fauder; cp. Lat. plicare]:—to fold, with acc.:
    I. gener. to fold; ek skal f. hana saman, I shall fold her up, Str. 9; tók hón þá skyrtuna ok faldaði saman, id.; sem hón hafði saman faldat, id.; f. fald eptir, to unfold a fold, id.; at engi mundi þann fald aptr f., id.; ef hón gæti aptr faldat skyrtu þína, 13.
    β. to hem; falda dúk, klút, etc., to hem a towel, kerchief, or the like; cp. faldaðr, ófaldaðr.
    II. esp. to hood or cover the head, chiefly used of ladies wearing the fald, q. v.:
    α. with acc. of the person, dat. of the dress; ek mun falda þik með höfuðdúki, Nj. 201; at hón hefði nú faldit sik við motrinum, Ld. 210; Brandr var faldinn, B. was hooded as a lady, Fs. 109; Hildr Eyvindar-dóttir félt honum, H. hooded him, 194 (Ed. fylgði wrongly); at hón hefði nú faldit (Ed. wrongly faldat) sik við motrinum, that she had hooded herself with the motr, Ld. 210; mundi Guðrún ekki þurfa at falda sik motri til þess, at sama betr en allar konur aðrar, id.; hennar höfut er faldit þremr skautum, her head is hooded in three sheets (hence skauta-faldr), Mar. 48 (Fr.)
    β. with dat. of the person; þá segir Hrefna, at hón vill falda sér við motrinn (better motrinum), Ld. 192; ef maðr feldr sér til vélar við konu, eðr ferr hann í kvennklæði, if a man hoods his head wilily mocking a woman, Grág. i. 338 (liable to the lesser outlawry); f. þér við höfuðdúki, Nj. l. c., v. l.; aldri hefi ek frétt at konur féldi höfuðdúkum, Orkn. (in a verse); ek félt hjálmi, I covered my head in a helmet, Sighvat.
    γ. the phrases, falda sítt, to hood the head so that the eyes and face cannot be seen; far á meðal kvenna, ok falt þér sítt, at ekki verðir þú kend, Post. 656 B. 11; brúðirnar falda sítt, svá at úgerla má sjá þeirra yfirlit, Fms. xi. 106; enn fyrsta aptan hafa brúðirnar síð-faldit, Jv. 29 (Ed. 1824); sú (kona) hafði sítt faldit, Fms. vii. 161, cp. Gen. xxxviii. 14; falda hátt, to wear a tall fald, cp. Eb. 136 (in a verse); falda blá, or svörtu, to hood the head in black, to mourn, Ísl. ii. 351 (in a verse): the metaph. phrase, f. rauðu, to hood the head in red, to die a bloody death, Landn. l. c.
    2. part. faldinn, used as adj. hooded, mod. faldaðr, hooded, bordered, hemmed, etc., in compds, eld-faldinn, hooded with flames, poët. epithet of the foaming waves, Lex. Poët.; hjálmi faldinn, hooded with a helmet (poët.), Hkv. 1. 47; járn-faldinn, iron-hooded, helmed, Eb. 208 (in a verse): hag-faldin, hooded with hedges, poët. epithet of the goddess Earth, Fms. vi. 140 (in a verse); hvít-faldin, white-hooded, of glaciers or foaming waves, Snót 12, 16.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FALDA

  • 3 hvílu-váðir

    f. pl. bed sheets, (mod. rekkváðir or rekkjóðir), Vm. 177.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > hvílu-váðir

  • 4 ÍSS

    (gen. íss, pl. ísar), m. ice; ísa (acc.) leggr á vötn, the lakes (rivers) freeze over; ísa leysir, tekr af vötnum, the ice thaws, breaks up.
    * * *
    m. [A. S. îs; Engl. ice; O. H. G. îs; Germ. eis; Swed. and Dan. is]:—ice; íss is ice on sea and water, svell on a plain or meadow; klaki = frozen ground, etc.; distinction is made between hafíss, drift ice or Polar ice, and lagnaðar-íss, ‘lay-ice,’ common ice; in plur. ísar, of large sheets of ice; en er ísa lagði á vötn, Fms. vii. 54; ísa leysir, the ice thaws, 55; íss var lagðr á Hofstaða-vág, Eb. 236; á ísinum (mod. ísnum), Nj. 143: for sliding, á ísi skríða, Hm. 82; see also ísleggir. Severe winters are marked in the Annals by the extent of frozen water; A. D. 1047 (a sheet of ice between Norway and Denmark), 1306 (ice from Rostock to the Sound), 1126, 1197; Polar ice in Iceland in 1145, 1233 (hafísar allt sumar), 1261 (hafíss umhverfis Ísland), 1275 (kringdi þá hafíss nær um allt Ísland), 1306 (hafíss fyrir norðan land nær allt sumar), 1319 (ísa-vár, hafísar lágu umhverfis Ísland fram um mitt sumar), 1348 (snjóar svá miklir ok íslög at fraus sjóinn umbergis landit, svá at ríða mátti umbergis landit af hverju annesi um alla fjörðu), 1375 (hafísar framan til Bartholomeus-messu), cp. also Vd. ch. 15, Eb. ch. 57, 61: for later times and for the currents driving the ice around Icel. see Eggert Itin. ch. 645, 853:—the name of the Rune RUNE, Skálda 176.
    COMPDS: ísafjöldi, ísaför, ísagangr, ísalauss, ísalög, ísaválk, ísavár, ísavök, Íseyri, Ísafjörðr, Ísfirðingr, Ísfirzkr, Ísland, Íslendingr, Íslendingabók, Íslendingasaga, Íslendingaskrá, Íslendingaþáttr, Íslenzkr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÍSS

  • 5 SKAUT

    I) n.
    1) corner of a square cloth (hann var borinn í fjórum skautum til búðar);
    feldr fimm alna í s., a cloak five ells square;
    of the heaven (þeir gerðu þar af himin ok settu hann upp yfir jörðina með fjórum skautum);
    byrr beggja skauta, a fair wind (right astern);
    fig., hann mun verða yðr þungr í skauti, hard to deal with;
    3) flap, skirt of a cloak (hón hafði yfir sik skallats-skikkju hlaðbúna í s. niðr);
    4) lap (sitja, liggja í skauti e-s);
    5) a square piece of cloth, kerchief (menn báru þá hluti sína í s., ok tók jarlinn upp);
    6) a lady’s hood.
    II) from skjóta.
    * * *
    n. [Ulf. skauts = κράσπεδον, Matth. ix. 20, Mark vi. 56, Luke viii. 44; A. S. sceât; Engl. sheet; O. H. G. skoza; Germ. schoss; Dan. sköd]:—the sheet, i. e. the corner of a square cloth or other object; hann sá niðr síga dúk mikinn af himni með fjórum skautum, 656 C. 8 (Acts xi. 5); hann var borinn í fjórum skautum til búðar, Glúm. 395, Fbr. 95 new Ed.; var hann fluttr heim í fjórum skautum, Vígl. 24; feldr fimm álna í skaut, a cloak of five ells square, Korm. 86: of the heaven, þeir görðu þar af himinn ok settu hann yfir jörðina með fjórum skautum, with four ‘sheets,’ i. e. corners (east, west, north, south), Edda; whence himin-skaut, the airts, four quarters of the heavens; or heims-skaut, the poles, norðr-skaut or norðr-heims-skaut, the north pole; jarðar-skaut, the earth’s corner, outskirt of the earth, Edda (in a verse).
    2. the sheet, i. e. the rope fastened to the corner of a sail, by which it is let out or hauled close, N. G. L. ii. 283; þeir létu landit á bakborða ok létu skaut horfa á land, Fb. i. 431; skautin ok líkin, Hem. (Gr. H. Mind. ii. 662): the phrase, beggja skauta byrr, a fair wind (right astern), Bs. ii. 48, freq. in mod. usage.
    3. the skirt or sleeve of a garment; of a cloak, hann hafði rauða skikkju ok drepit upp skautunum, Fms. vii. 297, cp. Eb. 226; skikkju hlaðbúna í skaut niðr, Nj. 48, 169; hence, bera hlut í skaut, to throw the lot into the skirt of the cloak, Grág. i. 37, Eg. 347 (see hlutr; or is skaut here = a kerchief (skauti) tied together to make a purse?); ef fé liggr í skauti, Karl. 170: hann hafði und skauti sér leyniliga handöxi, Fms. x. 397: whence the phrases, hafa brögð undir skauti, of a cunning person (cp. hafa ráð undir hverju rifi), Bs. i. 730; hafa ráð und skauti, Sturl. i. 35 (in a verse); hann mun verða yðr þungr í skauti, heavy in the flap, hard to deal with, Fb. ii. 130: hence the bosom, Dan. skjöd (cp. Lat. sinus), hvern dag sitr hann ok liggr í hennar skauti, ok leikr sér, Mar.; Abrahams-skaut, Bible. A new-born infant used to be taken into the ‘skaut’ of his parents, and was thenceforth counted as legitimate; hence the phrases, sá maðr er borinn er skauta á meðal, skal taka slíkan rétt sem faðir hans hafði, N. G. L. i. 212: the same ceremony was also a token of adoption, þann mann skal leiða á rekks skaut ok rýgiar, 209; möttul-skaut, q. v.
    4. of a head-dress, a hood, thrown round the head with the ends hanging down; klæði með hettu ok mjófu skauti bak ok fyrir, Mar.; skaut eða húfu, Karl. 60; síðfaldin skaut á höfði … lyptir hón skautinu brott ór höfðinu, id.; haf þat þér fyrir skaut ok höfuð-dúk, Stj. 127; kasta af höfði þér skautum ok höfuð-dúk, 208; krúsat skaut, D. N. iv. 359, 363; skaut, höfuð-dúkr, 217; kvenna-skaut, Bs. ii. 358; hálsa-skaut, a ‘neck-sheet,’ the flap of the hood, Vtkv. 12 (in a riddle); Ránar skaut, poët. of the waves, Edda (in a verse).
    COMPDS: skautafaldr, skautasegl, skautasigling.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SKAUT

  • 6 svellóttr

    a. covered with sheets of ice (nú er snjálaust ok svellótt).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > svellóttr

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