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  • 1 OUR

    As described in the entry WE, the 3rd person pl. pronouns distinguish plural forms from dual (depending on whether two or more persons are involved) and exclusive forms from inclusive (depending on whether the party addressed is included in “we/our”). Tolkien revised the relevant endings repeatedly. According to one late resolution described in VT49:16, the endings for exclusive “our” are –lma in the plural and –mma as a dual form, hence *aldalma “our tree” (with an “our” of at least three persons, not including the party addressed), but *aldamma “our tree = my and one other person’s tree”. The corresponding inclusive forms are –lwa (plural) and –ngwa (dual). Since the subject ending corresponding to the former is attested as “-lwe, –lve” (VT49:51), –lwa can surely also appear as *-lva, as in *omentielva “our meeting” (attested in the genitive case: omentielvo “of our meeting”, WJ:367). Hence *aldalwa/aldalva “our tree” (an “our” of at least three persons, including the party addressed), dual *aldangwa “our tree = thy and my tree”. – An independent word for plural exclusive "our" appears in VT43:19, 35: menya (also menyë modifying a plural noun). The corresponding plural inclusive form should apparently be *venya (pl. *venyë) for archaic *wenya (pl. wenyai > wenyë). The dual forms would most likely be *mentya (excl.) and *ventya (incl.); compare me, we/ve as the independent pronouns for “we” (with dual forms met, wet/*vet and dative forms *ment, * went/vent, from which the independent possessive pronouns are apparently derived by adding the adjectival ending -ya). – Notice that in an earlier conceptual phase, the forms in –mm- were plural (not as later dual) inclusive, and the forms in –lm- were plural inclusive rather than exclusive. This is why the word translated “of our meeting” appeared as omentielmo in the first edition of LotR, but was changed to omentielvo in the Second Edition. Cf. also Átaremma “our Father” as the first word of Tolkien’s translation of the Lord’s Prayer (VT43:12); this “our” is obviously meant to be plural exclusive rather than dual as it later became (according to Tolkien’s later conventions, “our Father” would be *Átarelma when a group of three or more persons addresses a party not included in “our”, in this case the Father himself).

    Quettaparma Quenyallo (English-Quenya) > OUR

См. также в других словарях:

  • revised edition — index correction (change), revision (corrected version) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • revised edition — edition that has been corrected and improved …   English contemporary dictionary

  • revised edition — noun : an edition (as of a book) incorporating major revisions by the author or an editor and often supplementary matter designed to bring it up to date compare reissue, reprint …   Useful english dictionary

  • New American Bible Revised Edition — Full name: New American Bible Revised Edition Abbreviation: NABRE Complete Bible published: March 9, 2011 Derived from: New American Bible Textual …   Wikipedia

  • revised — UK US /rɪˈvaɪzd/ adjective ► a revised amount or value has been changed in order to make it more accurate: »The overpayment will be returned through revised deductions, starting this month. »The governor is expected to propose a revised budget… …   Financial and business terms

  • Edition (book) — The bibliographical definition of an edition includes all copies of a book printed “from substantially the same setting of type,” including all minor typographical variants. First edition According to the definition of edition above, a book… …   Wikipedia

  • edition — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ first, second, etc. ▪ a dealer that specializes in rare first editions ▪ early ▪ The passionate collector will go for early editions …   Collocations dictionary

  • revised — adjective 1. improved or brought up to date (Freq. 3) a revised edition • Similar to: ↑altered 2. altered or revised by rephrasing or by adding or deleting material the amended bill passed easily • Similar to: ↑amended …   Useful english dictionary

  • Revised Version — Revised Ver|sion, the an improved and corrected ↑edition of the ↑Authorized Version of the Bible, produced in the late 19th century …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • revised version — (rv) edited version, updated edition, RV …   English contemporary dictionary

  • Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition — Bible translation infobox | translation title = RSV Catholic Edition full name = Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition abbreviation = RSV CE NT published = 1965 OT published = 1966 derived from = Revised Standard Version textual basis = Same… …   Wikipedia

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