ill+with+one

ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.

In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.

Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):

ex tua accepi manu pateram,

Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;

in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —

Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:

gremio,

Verg. A. 1, 685:

oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),

id. ib. 4, 531.—

In gen., very freq.,

as implying action, to take, to take possession of, to accept (Gr. dechesthai);

of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—

To take, accept:

hanc epistulam accipe a me,

take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:

persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,

Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:

condicionem pacis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,

after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:

divitias,

Nep. Epam. 4, 3:

aliquid a patre,

to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:

accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,

Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:

haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,

Verg. A. 3, 78:

Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,

id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:

Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,

Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:

magnifice volo summos viros accipere,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:

in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,

id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:

ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:

hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,

id. Men. 5, 1, 7:

indignis acceptus modis,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—

To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:

ictus,

id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:

pecuniam ob rem judicandam,

id. Verr. 1, 38:

luna lumen solis accipit,

id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:

praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:

acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,

Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

calamitatem,

ib. 1, 31:

detrimenta,

ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:

provinciam,

id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:

consulatum,

Suet. Aug. 10:

Galliam,

id. Caes. 22 al.

In partic.

To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,

To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:

carmen auribus,

Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:

voces,

Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):

si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:

quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,

Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:

urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—

To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:

haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:

et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,

Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—

With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:

quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,

the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:

in eam partem accipio,

id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:

non recte accipis,

you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:

quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,

Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:

accipio agnoscoque deos,

Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—

To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):

accipito hanc ad te litem,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,

To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:

hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:

nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

calamitatem,

id. Off. 3, 26:

injuriam,

id. ib. 1, 11 al.—

To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:

Accipio,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:

accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,

id. ib. 1, 1, 52:

visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,

Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—

In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:

pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,

Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:

in acceptum referre alicui,

to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:

ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,

Cic. Phil. 2, 5:

omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,

ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —

In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:

adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,

Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;

hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?

Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:

plebi acceptus erat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13;

acceptus erat in oculis,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—

Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:

quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:

munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,

Nep. Hann. 7, 3:

quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:

rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,

Cic. Phil. 13, 50;

tempore accepto exaudivi,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur.

cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n. and a. [perh. for cecado, redupl. from cado], to go, i. e. to be in motion, move, walk, go along.

In gen.

Lit. (rare, and only poet.: for which, in the common lang., incedo);

candidatus cedit hic mastigia,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 10:

non prorsus, verum transvorsus cedit, quasi cancer,

id. Ps. 4, 1, 45; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 74; Hor. S. 2, 1, 65.—More freq.,

Trop.

Like ire, to have some result, to eventuate, happen, result, turn out, to work; and, acc. to its connection, to turn out well or ill, to succeed or fail:

gesta quae prospere ei cesserunt,

Nep. Timoth. 4, 6; Sall. C. 26, 5; Tac. A. 1, 28:

cetera secundum eventum proelii cessura,

id. H. 3, 70; Suet. Aug. 91; Gell. 4, 5, 4:

bene,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 31; Ov. M. 8, 862; Plin. Pan. 44 fin.:

optime,

Quint. 10, 7, 14:

male,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 31; and:

male alicui,

Ov. M. 10, 80; Suet. Claud. 26; cf. Verg. A. 12, 148; Quint. 10, 2, 16:

utcumque cesserit,

Curt. 7, 4, 16; cf. Suet. Calig. 53; Tac. Agr. 18:

parum,

Suet. Claud. 34:

opinione tardius,

id. Ner. 33:

pro bono,

id. Tit. 7:

in vanum (labor),

Sen. Hippol. 183. —

Cedere pro aliquā re, to be equivalent to, to go for something, to be the price of:

oves, quae non peperint, binae pro singulis in fructu cedent,

Cato, R. R. 150, 2; Col. 12, 14; Tac. G. 14; Pall. Sept. 1, 4.—

In partic.

In respect to the terminus a quo.

To go from somewhere, to remove, withdraw, go away from, depart, retire (freq. and class.):

cedunt de caelo corpora avium,

Enn. Ann. 96 Vahl.:

quia postremus cedis,

Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 29:

ego cedam atque abibo,

Cic. Mil. 34, 93:

cedens carinā,

Cat. 64, 249; cf. id. 64, 53:

quoquam,

Lucr. 5, 843:

aliquo sucus de corpore cessit,

id. 3, 223:

coma de vertice,

Cat. 66, 39:

e toto corpore anima,

Lucr. 3, 210:

ex ingratā civitate,

Cic. Mil. 30, 81:

e patriā,

id. Phil. 10, 4, 8:

patriā,

id. Mil. 25, 68:

Italiā,

id. Phil. 10, 4, 8; Nep. Att. 9, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85 fin. —

Milit. t. t.:

de oppidis,

to abandon, go away from, Cic. Att. 7, 22, 2:

loco,

to yield, give up his post, Nep. Chabr. 1, 2; Liv. 2, 47, 3; Tac. G. 6; Suet. Aug. 24 et saep.:

ex loco,

Liv. 3, 63, 1:

ex acie,

id. 2, 47, 2.—

In commercial lang. t. t.: foro, to withdraw from the market, i. e. to give up business, be insolvent, stop payment, Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2; Juv. 11, 50.—So also,

Bonis or possessionibus (alicui), to give up or cede one ' s property or interest (in favor of a person):

alicui hortorum possessione,

Cic. Mil. 27, 75; so id. Off. 2, 23, 82; cf. Suet. Tib. 10; id. Caes. 72; id. Ner. 35; id. Gram. 11.— Hence of debtors, to make over their property instead of payment; cf. Dig. 42, 3, tit. de cessione bonorum.—

Pregn. (cf. abeo, II.), to pass away, disappear; and specif.,

Of men, to die:

vitā,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 35; Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

e vita,

Cic. Brut. 1, 4; Plin. Pan. 43, 4; cf.

senatu,

to withdraw from, Tac. A. 2, 48; 11, 25.—

Of time, to pass away, vanish:

horae quidem cedunt et dies et menses et anni,

Cic. Sen. 19, 69. —

Of other things: pudor ex pectore cessit, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 250, 26:

memoriā,

Liv. 2, 33, 9 (for which:

excedere memoriā,

Liv. 7, 32, 15; and:

excedere e memoriā,

id. 26, 13, 5):

non Turno fiducia cessit,

Verg. A. 9, 126:

cedant curaeque metusque,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 26 et saep.; cf. cesso.—

Trop.: cedere alicui or absol., to yield to one (to his superiority), to give the preference or precedence, give place to, submit to (class.; esp. freq. in the histt., of the weaker party, withdrawing, fleeing from).

To yield to, give place to:

quācumque movemur, (aër) videtur quasi locum dare et cedere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83:

cedebat victa potestas,

Lucr. 5, 1271:

ubi vinci necesse est, expedit cedere,

Quint. 6, 4, 16; 11, 1, 17; 12, 10, 47; cf. Sall. J. 51, 1:

Viriatho exercitus nostri imperatoresque cesserunt,

Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40; Nep. Ham. 1, 2; Sall. J. 51, 4; Liv. 2, 10, 7; Tac. A. 1, 56; 4, 51; Suet. Tib. 16 et saep.:

Pelides cedere nescius,

Hor. C. 1, 6, 6:

di, quibus ensis et ignis Cesserunt,

i. e. who remained unhurt in the destruction of Troy, Ov. M. 15, 862:

eidem tempori, ejusdem furori, eisdem consulibus, eisdem minis, insidiis, periculis,

Cic. Sest. 29, 63; so,

fortunae,

Sall. C. 34, 2:

invidiae ingratorum civium,

Nep. Cim. 3, 2:

majorum natu auctoritati,

id. Timoth. 3, 4:

nocti,

Liv. 3, 17, 9, and 3, 60, 7; 4, 55, 5; cf. Quint. 5, 11, 9:

loco iniquo, non hosti cessum,

Liv. 8, 38, 9:

oneri,

Quint. 10, 1, 24:

vincentibus vitiis,

id. 8, 3, 45:

malis,

Verg. A. 6, 95 et saep.—

To yield to in rank, distinction, etc., i. e. to be inferior to:

cum tibi aetas nostra jam cederet, fascesque summitteret,

Cic. Brut. 6, 22:

nullā aliā re nisi immortalitate cedens caelestibus,

id. N. D. 2, 61, 153:

neque multum cedebant virtute nostris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 36: Picenis cedunt pomis Tiburtia suco;

Nam facie praestant,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 70; so,

anseribus (candore),

Ov. M. 2, 539:

laudibus lanificae artis,

id. ib. 6, 6;

5, 529: cum in re nullā Agesilao cederet,

Nep. Chabr. 2, 3; Quint. 10, 1, 108:

alicui de aliquā re,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80:

alicui re per aliquid,

id. 33, 3, 19, § 59.— Impers.:

ut non multum Graecis cederetur,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; Liv. 24, 6, 8. —

To comply with the wishes, to yield to one:

cessit auctoritati amplissimi viri vel potius paruit,

Cic. Lig. 7, 21; cf. Tac. A. 12, 5:

precibus,

Cic. Planc. 4, 9:

cessit tibi blandienti Cerberus,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 15;

cf,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 43 sq.; Verg. A. 2, 704; 3, 188; Ov. M. 6, 32; 6, 151; 9, 13;

9, 16: omnes in unum cedebant,

Tac. A. 6, 43; 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 12, 10 and 41.—Hence,

Act.: cedere (alicui) aliquid = concedere, to grant, concede, allow, give up, yield, permit something to some one:

permitto aliquid iracundiae tuae, do adulescentiae, cedo amicitiae, tribuo parenti,

Cic. Sull. 16, 46:

multa multis de jure suo,

id. Off. 2, 18, 64:

currum ei,

Liv. 45, 39, 2:

victoriam hosti,

Just. 32, 4, 7:

alicui pellicem et regnum,

id. 10, 2, 3:

imperium,

id. 22, 7, 4:

possessionem,

Dig. 41, 2, 1:

in dando et cedendo loco,

Cic. Brut. 84, 290.—Also with a clause as object, Stat. Th. 1, 704 (but in Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 67, read credit).—And with ut and subj.:

hac victoriā contenta plebes cessit patribus, ut in praesentiā tribuni crearentur, etc.,

Liv. 6, 42, 3; Tac. A. 12, 41: non cedere with quominus, Quint. 5, 7, 2.—

In respect to the terminus ad quem, to arrive, attain to, come somewhere:

cedunt, petunt,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 43:

ibi ad postremum cedit miles, aes petit,

id. ib. 3, 5, 52.—

Trop.:

hoc cedere ad factum volo,

come to its execution, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 102.—

Cedere alicui or in aliquem, to come to, fall ( as a possession) to one, to fall to his lot or share, [p. 308] accrue:

ut is quaestus huic cederet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170:

captiva corpora Romanis cessere,

Liv. 31, 46, 16:

nolle ominari quae captae urbi cessura forent,

id. 23, 43, 14; Verg. A. 3, 297; 3, 333; 12, 17; 12, 183; Hor. C. 3, 20, 7; Ov. M. 5, 368; 4, 533:

undae cesserunt piscibus habitandae,

id. ib. 1, 74 al.:

alicui in usum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 134:

Lepidi atque Antonii arma in Augustum cessere,

Tac. A. 1, 1; so id. H. 3, 83; id. Agr. 5; id. A. 2, 23:

aurum ex hostibus captum in paucorum praedam cessisse,

Liv. 6, 14, 12; Curt. 7, 6, 16; Tac. A. 15, 45; for which: cedere praedae (dat.) alicujus, Liv. 43, 19, 12; and:

praeda cedit alicui,

Hor. C. 3, 20, 7:

ab Tullo res omnis Albana in Romanum cesserit imperium,

Liv. 1, 52, 2; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 174:

in dicionem M. Antonii provinciae cesserant,

Tac. H. 5, 9.—

Cedere in aliquid, like abire in aliquid (v. abeo, II.), to be changed or to pass into something, to be equivalent to or become something:

poena in vicem fidei cesserat,

Liv. 6, 34, 2; cf.:

temeritas in gloriam cesserat,

Curt. 3, 6, 18; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 91; Tac. H. 2, 59 fin.; id. G. 36; Plin. Pan. 83, 4:

in proverbium,

Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 42:

in exemplorum locum,

Quint. 5, 11, 36.—Hence, * cēdenter, adv. of the part. pres. cedens (not used as P. a.), by yielding, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 16, 129.

cĕdo, old imperat. form, whose contr. plur. is cette (cf. Prob. II. p. 1486 P.; Non. p. 84, 31 sq.) [compounded of the particle -ce and the root da-; v. 1. do], hither with it! here! give! tell, say (implying great haste, familiarity, authority, and so differing from praebe, dic, etc.); cf. Key, § 731.

In gen., hither with it, give or bring here.

With acc.:

cette manus vestras measque accipite,

Enn. Trag. 320 Vahl.:

cedo aquam manibus,

give water! Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 150:

puerum, Phidippe, mihi cedo: ego alam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 86:

tuam mi dexteram,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 28; so Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 84; and:

cette dextras,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 4:

senem,

bring hither the old man, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 7:

convivas,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 101:

quemvis arbitrum,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 43: eum aliquis cette in conspectum, Att. ap. Non. p. 85, 1:

cedo illum,

Phaedr. 5, 2, 6.—

Absol.: Al. En pateram tibi: eccam. Am. Cedo mi, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 146. —

Esp.

Let us hear, tell, out with it:

age, age, cedo istuc tuom consilium: quid id est?

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 91:

unum cedo auctorem tui facti, unius profer exemplum,

Cic. Verr 2, 5, 26, § 67:

cedo mihi unum, qui, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 3, 12, § 29: cedo, si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cato ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21: cedo, cujum puerum hic apposuisti? dic mihi. Ter. And. 4, 4, 24; cf. Naev. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 20; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 82; Pac. ap. Non. p. 85, 6; Cic. Part. Or. 1, 3:

cedo igitur, quid faciam,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 9; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 106: cedo, si conata peregit, tell how, if, etc., Juv. 13, 210; so id. 6, 504.—With dum:

cedo dum, en unquam audisti, etc.?

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15.—

In respect to action, cedo = fac, ut, grant that, let me:

cedo ut bibam,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 26:

cedo ut inspiciam,

id. Curc. 5, 2, 54:

ego, statim, cedo, inquam si quid ab Attico,

Cic. Att. 16, 13, a, 1.—

For calling attention, lo! behold! well! cedo mihi leges Atinias, Furias, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109:

cedo mihi ipsius Verris testimonium,

id. ib. 2, 1, 33, § 84; id. N. D. 1, 27, 75; cf. id. Brut. 86, 295; id. Sest. 50, 108:

haec cedo ut admoveam templis, et farre litabo,

Pers. 2, 75:

cedo experiamur,

App. Mag. p. 298, 14.

nōmen, ĭnis (archaic form of gen. sing. NOMINVS, S. C. de Bacch. Corp. Inscr. Lat. 196, 8), n. [for gnōmen, from root gno, whence gnosco, nosco, co-gnosco], a name, appellation (syn. vocabulum).

Lit.:

nomen est, quod unicuique personae datur, quo suo quaeque proprio et certo vocabulo appellatur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 134:

imponere nova rebus nomina,

id. Fin. 3, 1, 3:

qui haec rebus nomina posuerunt,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:

appellare aliquem nomine,

id. de Or. 1, 56, 239:

huic urbi nomen Epidamno inditum est,

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 37; cf. Liv. 7, 2, 6:

Theophrastus divinitate loquendi nomen invenit,

Cic. Or. 19, 62:

lituus ab ejus litui, quo canitur, similitudine nomen invenit,

id. Div. 1, 17, 30:

ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13 et saep.:

ludi, Pythia de domitae serpentis nomine dicti,

Ov. M. 1, 447:

clari nominis vir,

Vell. 2, 34, 4:

nominis minoris vir,

id. 2, 100, 5; cf. id. 2, 112, 2; 2, 103, 1: est mihi nomen, inditur mihi nomen, with nom.:

cui saltationi Titius nomen est,

Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

eique morbo nomen est avaritia,

id. Tusc. 4, 11, 24:

canibus pigris... Nomen erit pardus, tigris, leo,

Juv. 8, 36.—With dat.:

haec sunt aedes, hic habet: Lesbonico'st nomen,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 110:

juventus nomen fecit Peniculo mihi,

id. Men. 1, 1, 1:

nam mihi est Auxilio nomen,

id. Cist. 1, 3, 6:

huic ego die nomen Trinummo facio,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 1:

nomen Arcturo est mihi,

id. Rud. prol. 5:

cantus cui nomen neniae,

Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 62:

puero ab inopiā nomen Egerio est inditum,

Liv. 1, 34:

est illis strigibus nomen,

Ov. F. 6, 139.—With gen.:

cujus nomen est Viventis,

Vulg. Gen. 25, 11.—Rarely with ad:

ut det nomen ad molas coloniam,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—Nomen dare, edere, profiteri, ad nomina respondere, to give in one's name, be enrolled, enlist; to answer to one's name when summoned to military duty:

ne nomina darent,

Liv. 2, 24:

nomina profiteri,

id. 2, 24:

nominis edendi apud consules potestas,

id. 2, 24:

virgis caesi, qui ad nomina non respondissent,

id. 7, 4; also,

dare nomen in conjurationem,

to join the conspiracy, Tac. A. 15, 48:

ab re nomen habet (terra),

is named for, Liv. 38, 18, 4:

quae (sapientia) divinarum humanarumque rerum cognitione hoc nomen apud antiquos adsequebatur,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7:

dea (Viriplaca) nomen hoc a placandis viris fertur adsecuta,

Val. Max. 2, 1, 6.—Esp.:

nomen accipere = nominari: turris quae nomen ab insulā accepit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 1; Quint. 3, 3, 13; Just. 1, 5, 1; Tac. A. 6, 37; 15, 74; Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 8.—

In partic., the middle name of the three which every freeborn Roman had, as distinguished from the praenomen and cognomen. The nomen distinguished one gens from another, the cognomen one familia from another, and the praenomen one member of the familia from another, Quint. 7, 3, 27.—But sometimes nomen is used in the signif. of praenomen:

id nomen (sc. Gaja),

Cic. Mur. 12, 27.—So, too, in the signif. of cognomen:

Sex. Clodius, cui nomen est Phormio,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 27; cf.:

tamquam habeas tria nomina,

i. e. as if you were a Roman, Juv. 5, 127.—

Esp. in phrase: sub nomine, under the assumed name:

qui litteras exitiales Demetrio sub nomine Flaminini adtulerant,

Liv. 40, 54, 9:

sub nomine meo,

Quint. 7, 2, 24:

carmina sub alieno nomine edere,

Suet. Aug. 55:

multa vana sub nomine celebri vulgabantur,

Tac. A. 6, 12; 13, 25; id. H. 1, 5; cf.:

rogatio repente sub unius tribuni nomine promulgatur,

Liv. 43, 16, 6; Suet. Aug. 29; Plin. Pan. 50, 5; cf. also II. B. infra.—

A title of power or honor:

imperatoris,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 14.—

In gram., a noun, Quint. 1, 4, 18; 1, 5, 42 et saep.—

Transf.

Nomen alicu jus deferre, to bring an accusation against, to accuse a person:

nomen alicujus de parricidio deferre,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28: nomen recipere, to receive the accusation:

palam de sellā ac tribunali pronuntiat: si quis absentem Sthenium rei capitalis reum facere vellet, sese ejus nomen recepturum: et simul, ut nomen deferret, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94; cf. context.—

A bond, note, a demand, claim, a debt: tituli debitorum nomina dicuntur praesertim in iis debitis, in quibus hominum nomina scripta sunt, quibus pecuniae commodatae sunt, Ascon. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28:

repromittam istoc nomine solutam rem futuram,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 48:

si neque in tuas tabulas ullum nomen referres, cum tot tibi nominibus acceptum Curtii referrent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 102:

qui tibi, ut ais, certis nominibus grandem pecuniam debuit,

on good bonds, good security, id. Quint. 11, 38; cf.:

egone hos digitos meos impellere potui, ut falsum perscriberent nomen?

id. Rosc. Com. 1, 1:

volo persolvere, ut expungatur nomen, ne quid debeam,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 40; so,

solvere,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7:

expedire, exsolvere,

id. ib. 16, 6, 3:

nomina sua exigere,

to collect one's debts, id. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28:

hoc nomen, quod urget, nunc, cum petitur, dissolvere,

id. Planc. 28, 68:

transcribere in alium,

Liv. 35, 7:

qui venit ad dubium grandi cum codice nomen,

comes with a huge ledger to sue for a doubtful debt, Juv. 7, 110.—

Nomina facere, in the case of written obligations, to set down or book the items of debt in the account-book:

nomina se facturum, qua ego vellem die,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

emit homo cupidus (Canius) tanti, quanti Pythius voluit et emit instructos: nomina facit (Pythius), negotium conficit,

id. Off. 3, 14, 59:

nomina facturi diligenter in patrimonium et vasa debitoris inquirimus,

Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 2.—

Nomen locare, to offer as surety, Phaedr. 1, 16, 1 (dub.).—

Transf., an item of debt; and hence, a debtor:

hoc sum assecutus, ut bonum nomen existimer,

i. e. a good payer, Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2:

lenta nomina non mala,

Sen. Ben. 5, 22, 1; cf. id. ib. 7, 29, 2; Col. 1, 7, 2.—

A family, race, stock, people, nation:

C. Octavium in familiam nomenque adoptavit,

Suet. Caes. 83:

Crispum C. Sallustius in nomen ascivit,

Tac. A. 3, 30; Luc. 7, 584.—

With national names: nomen Romanum, whatever is called Roman, i. e. the Roman dominion, nation, power; esp. of the army:

gens infestissuma nomini Romano,

Sall. C. 52, 24: CEIVIS ROMANVS NEVE NOMINVS LATINI NEVE SOCIVM QVISQVAM, etc., S. C. de Bacch.; so,

concitatis sociis et nomine Latino,

Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41:

ubi deletum omnibus videretur nomen Romanum,

Liv. 23, 6, 3:

relicum Romani nominis,

id. 22, 55, 5; 27, 33, 11; 1, 10, 3; cf. id. 9, 7, 1:

Aeolio regnatas nomine terras,

Sil. 14, 70:

Volscūm nomen prope deletum est,

Liv. 3, 8, 10:

nomen Atheniensium tueri,

Just. 5, 6, 9.—

Poet.

A thing:

infaustum interluit Allia nomen,

Verg. A. 7, 717.—

A person:

popularia nomina Drusos,

Luc. 6, 759; 1, 311:

nec fidum femina nomen,

Tib. 3, 4, 61:

in diversa trahunt unum duo nomina pectus,

i. e. the love of a mother and sister, Ov. M. 8, 464; id. H. 8, 30.—

Trop.

Name, fame, repute, reputation, renown (syn.:

existimatio, fama): hujus magnum nomen fuit,

Cic. Brut. 67, 238:

nomen habere,

id. ib. 69, 244:

magnum in oratoribus nomen habere,

id. Or. 6, 22:

officere nomini alicujus, Liv. praef. § 3: et nos aliquod nomenque decusque Gessimus,

Verg. A. 2, 89:

nomen gerere,

Lact. 1, 20, 3; 4, 29, 15 al.:

multi Lydia nominis Romanā vigui clarior Iliā,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 7:

nomen alicujus stringere,

Ov. Tr. 2, 350:

homines nonnullius in litteris nominis, Plin Ep. 7, 20, 3: parentes, quorum maximum nomen in civitatibus est suis,

Liv. 22, 22, 13.—Of ill repute, bad reputation: malum nomen (only rare and late Lat.): magis eligendum in paupertate nomen bonum quam in divitiis nomen pessimum, Hier. Com. Ep. Tit., Paris, 1546, p. 104 H.—

Of inanimate things:

ne vinum nomen perdat,

Cato, R. R. 25:

nec Baccho genus aut pomis sua nomina servat,

Verg. G. 2, 240.—

A title, pretext, pretence, color, excuse, account, sake, reason, authority, behalf, etc.: alio nomine et aliā de causā abstulisse. Cic. Rosc. Com. [p. 1214] 14, 40:

legis agrariae simulatione atque nomine,

id. Agr. 2, 6, 15:

classis nomine pecuniam imperatam queruntur,

id. Fl. 12, 27:

haec a te peto amicitiae nostrae nomine,

id. Fam. 12, 12, 3; 2, 1, 1:

nomine sceleris conjurationisque damnati,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

nomine neglegentiae suspectum esse,

id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:

quid exornamus philosophiam, aut quid ejus nomine gloriosi sumus?

id. Tusc. 2, 14, 33:

qui cum luxuriose viverent, non reprehenderentur eo nomine,

id. Fin. 2, 7, 21:

gratias boni viri agebant et tuo nomine gratulabantur,

on your account, id. Phil. 1, 12, 30:

Antonio tuo nomine gratias egi,

on your behalf, id. Att. 1, 16, 16:

legationes tuo nomine proficiscentes,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

quem quidem tibi etiam suo nomine commendo,

for his own sake, id. ib. 13, 21, 2:

meo nomine,

Tac. H. 1, 29:

feminarum suarum nomine,

id. G. 8:

bellum populo Romano suo nomine indixit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 14:

decretae eo nomine supplicationes,

Tac. A. 14, 59;

but: acceptā ex aerario pecuniā tuo nomine,

on your responsibility, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7.—

A name, as opposed to the reality:

me nomen habere duarum legionum exilium (opp. exercitum habere tantum),

Cic. Att. 5, 15, 1:

Campani magis nomen ad praesidium sociorum, quam vires cum attulissent,

Liv. 7, 29:

nomen amicitia est, nomen inane fides,

Ov. A. A. 1, 740.—

In eccl. Lat.,

Periphrastically:

invocavit nomen Domini,

Vulg. Gen. 13, 4:

omnipotens nomen ejus,

ib. Exod. 15, 3:

psallam nomini Domini,

ib. Psa. 7, 18:

blasphemare nomen ejus,

ib. Apoc. 13, 6.—

Delegated power:

in nomine tuo daemones eicimus,

Vulg. Matt. 7, 22:

in quo nomine fecistis,

ib. Act. 4, 7:

locuti sunt in nomine Domini,

ib. Jacob. 5, 10.

af-fĭcĭo (better adf-), affēci (adf-), affectum (adf-), 3, v. a. [facio], to do something to one, i. e. to exert an influence on body or mind, so that it is brought into such or such a state (used by the poets rarely, by Hor. never).

Of the body rarely, and then commonly in a bad sense:

ut aestus, labor, fames, sitisque corpora adficerent,

Liv. 28, 15:

contumeliis adficere corpora sua,

Vulg. Rom. 1, 24:

non simplex Damasichthona vulnus Adficit,

Ov. M. 6, 255:

aconitum cor adficit,

Scrib. Comp. 188:

corpus adficere M. Antonii,

Cic. Phil. 3:

pulmo totus adficitur,

Cels. 4, 7; with abl. of spec.:

stomacho et vesicā adfici,

Scrib. Comp. 186. —In bon. part.:

corpus ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire rationi possit,

Cic. Off. 1, 23.—

More freq. of the mind:

litterae tuae sic me adfecerunt, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 14, 3, 2:

is terror milites hostesque in diversum adfecit,

Tac. A. 11, 19:

varie sum adfectus tuis litteris,

Cic. Fam. 16, 2:

consules oportere sic adfici, ut, etc.,

Plin. Pan. 90:

adfici a Gratiā aut a Voluptate,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12; id. Mil. 29, 79:

sollicitudo de te duplex nos adficit,

id. Brut. 92, 332:

uti ei qui audirent, sic adficerentur animis, ut eos adfici vellet orator,

id. de Or. 1, 19, 87 B. and K.:

adfici animos in diversum habitum,

Quint. 1, 10, 25.—

With acc. and abl., to affect a person or (rarely) thing with something; in a good sense, to bestow upon, grace with; in a bad sense, to visit with, inflict upon; or the ablative and verb may be rendered by the verb corresponding to the ablative, and if an adjective accompany the ablative, this adjective becomes an adverb.—Of inanimate things (rare): luce locum adficiens, lighting up the place, Varr. ap. Non. p. 250, 2:

adficere medicamine vultum,

Ov. Med. Fac. 67:

factum non eo nomine adficiendum,

designated, Cic. Top. 24, 94:

res honore adficere,

to honor, id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

non postulo, ut dolorem eisdem verbis adficias, quibus Epicurus, etc.,

id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18.—

Very freq. of persons.

In a good sense:

Qui praedā atque agro adoreāque adfecit populares suos,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38:

quem sepulturā adficit,

buries, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56:

patres adfecerat gloriā,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

admiratione,

id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

voluptate,

id. Fin. 3, 11, 37:

beneficio,

id. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

honore,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

laude,

id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

nomine regis,

to style, id. Deiot. 5, 14:

bonis nuntiis,

Plaut. Am. prol. 8:

muneribus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3; Nep. Ages. 3, 3:

praemio,

Cic. Mil. 30, 82:

pretio,

Verg. A. 12, 352:

stipendio,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61.—

In a bad sense: injuriā abs te adficior indignā, pater, am wronged unjustly, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Heren. 2, 24, 38; so Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3:

Quantā me curā et sollicitudine adficit Gnatus,

id. ib. 2, 4, 1; so Cic. Att. 1, 18:

desiderio,

id. Fam. 2, 12:

timore,

to terrify, id. Quint. 2, 6:

difficultate,

to embarrass, Caes. B. G. 7, 6:

molestiā,

to trouble, Cic. Att. 15, 1:

tantis malis,

Vulg. Num. 11, 15:

maculā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113:

ignominiā,

id. ib. 39, 123:

contumeliis,

Vulg. Ezech. 22, 7; ib. Luc. 20, 11:

rerum et verborum acerbitatibus,

Suet. Calig. 2:

verberibus,

Just. 1, 5:

supplicio,

Cic. Brut. 1, 16; so Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

poenā,

Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

exsilio,

to banish, id. Thras. 3:

morte, cruciatu, cruce,

Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 9:

morte,

Vulg. Matt. 10, 21:

cruce,

Suet. Galb. 9:

ultimis cruciatibus,

Liv. 21, 44:

leto,

Nep. Regg. 3, 2.—And often in pass.:

sollicitudine et inopiā consilii,

Cic. Att. 3, 6:

adfici aegritudine,

id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

doloribus pedum,

id. Fam. 6, 19:

morbo oculorum,

Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

inopiā rei frumentariae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

calamitate et injuriā,

Cic. Att. 11, 2:

magnā poenā, Auct. B. G. 8, 39: vulneribus,

Col. R. R. 4, 11:

torminibus et inflationibus,

Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 103:

servitute,

Cic. Rep. 1, 44.—Hence, affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.

In a peculiar sense, that on which we have bestowed labor, that which we are now doing, so that it is nearly at an end; cf.: Adfecta, sicut M. Cicero et [p. 67] veterum elegantissime locuti sunt, ea proprie dicebantur, quae non ad finem ipsum, sed proxime finem progressa deductave erant, Gell. 3, 16:

bellum adfectum videmus et paene confectum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

in provinciā (Caesar) commoratur, ut ea. quae per eum adfecta sunt, perfecta rei publicae tradat,

id. ib. 12, 29: cum adfectā prope aestate uvas a sole mitescere tempus, etc., near the end of summer, id. ap. Gell. l. c.:

Jamque hieme adfectā mitescere coeperat annus,

Sil. 15, 502:

in Q. Mucii infirmissimā valetudine adfectāque jam aetate,

Cic. de Or. 1,45,200; id. Verr. 2,4,43, § 95.—

In nearly the same sense as the verb, absol. and with abl.

Of persons laboring under disease, or not yet quite recovered:

Qui cum ita adfectus esset, ut sibi ipse diffideret,

was in such a state, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

Caesarem Neapoli adfectum graviter videam,

very ill, id. Att. 14, 17; so Sen. Ep. 101:

quem adfectum visuros crediderant,

ill, Liv. 28, 26:

corpus adfectum,

id. 9, 3:

adfectae vires corporis,

reduced strength, weakness, id. 5, 18:

puella,

Prop. 3, 24, 1:

aegra et adfecta mancipia,

Suet. Claud. 25:

jam quidem adfectum, sed tamen spirantem,

id. Tib. 21.—

Of things, weakened, sick, broken, reduced:

partem istam rei publicae male adfectam tueri,

Cic. Fam. 13, 68:

adfecta res publica,

Liv. 5, 57:

Quid est enim non ita adfectum, ut non deletum exstinctumque esse fateare?

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:

sic mihi (Sicilia) adfecta visa est, ut hae terrae solent, in quibus bellum versatum est,

id. Verr. 5, 18, 47:

adfecta res familiaris,

Liv. 5, 10:

opem rebus adfectis orare,

id. 6, 3; so Tac. H. 2, 69:

fides,

id. ib. 3, 65:

spes,

Val. Fl. 4, 60.—

Of persons, in gen. sense, disposed, affected, moved, touched:

Quonam modo, Philumena mea, nunc te offendam adfectam?

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 45:

quomodo sim adfectus, e Leptā poteris cognoscere,

Cic. Fam. 14, 17:

ut eodem modo erga amicum adfecti simus, quo erga nosmetipsos,

id. Lael. 16, 56; id. Fin. 1, 20, 68:

cum ita simus adfecti, ut non possimus plane simul vivere,

id. Att. 13, 23; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

oculus conturbatus non est probe adfectus ad suum munus fungendum,

in proper state, id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo adfecti simus, loquuntur,

id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; id. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Att. 12, 41, 2.—

As rhet. t. t.: affectus ad, related to, resembling:

Tum ex eis rebus, quae quodam modo affectae sunt ad id, de quo quaeritur,

Cic. Top. 2, 8 Forcellini.—

With abl. chiefly of persons, in indifferent sense, in good or bad sense (cf.:

Animi quem ad modum adfecti sint, virtutibus, vitiis, artibus, inertiis, aut quem ad modum commoti, cupiditate, metu, voluptate, molestiā,

Cic. Part. Or. 10, 35).

In indifferent sense, furnished with, having:

validos lictores ulmeis affectos lentis virgis,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 29:

pari filo similique (corpora) adfecta figurā,

Lucr. 2, 341:

Tantāne adfectum quemquam esse hominem audaciā!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 84:

omnibus virtutibus,

Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—

In bad sense:

aegritudine, morbo adfectus,

Col. R. R. 7, 5, 20:

aerumnis omnibus,

Lucr. 3, 50:

sollicitudine,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

difficultatibus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13:

fatigatione,

Curt. 7, 11:

frigore et penuriā,

id. 7, 3:

adfecta sterilitate terra, Col. R. R. praef. 1, 2: vitiis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

ignominiā,

id. Att. 7, 3:

supplicio,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

verberibus,

Curt. 7, 11:

vulnere corpus adfectum,

Liv. 1, 25:

morbo,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 6:

dolore,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

febre,

Suet. Vit. 14:

pestilentiā,

Liv. 41, 5:

desperatione,

Cic. Att. 14, 22:

clade,

Curt. 10, 6:

senectute,

Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 68:

aetate,

id. Cat. 2, 20; id. Sen. 14, 47:

morte,

Serv. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 12.— Sup.:

remiges inopiā adfectissimi,

Vell. 2, 84.—

In good sense:

beneficio adfectus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

aliquo honore aut imperio,

id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

valetudine optimā,

id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

laetitiā,

id. Mur. 2, 4, and ad Brut. 1, 4:

munere deorum,

id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

praemiis,

id. Pis. 37, 90.— Adv.: affectē ( adf-), with (a strong) affection, deeply:

oblectamur et contristamur et conterremur in somniis quam adfecte et anxie et passibiliter,

Tert. Anim. 45.

af-fĭcĭo (better adf-), affēci (adf-), affectum (adf-), 3, v. a. [facio], to do something to one, i. e. to exert an influence on body or mind, so that it is brought into such or such a state (used by the poets rarely, by Hor. never).

Of the body rarely, and then commonly in a bad sense:

ut aestus, labor, fames, sitisque corpora adficerent,

Liv. 28, 15:

contumeliis adficere corpora sua,

Vulg. Rom. 1, 24:

non simplex Damasichthona vulnus Adficit,

Ov. M. 6, 255:

aconitum cor adficit,

Scrib. Comp. 188:

corpus adficere M. Antonii,

Cic. Phil. 3:

pulmo totus adficitur,

Cels. 4, 7; with abl. of spec.:

stomacho et vesicā adfici,

Scrib. Comp. 186. —In bon. part.:

corpus ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire rationi possit,

Cic. Off. 1, 23.—

More freq. of the mind:

litterae tuae sic me adfecerunt, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 14, 3, 2:

is terror milites hostesque in diversum adfecit,

Tac. A. 11, 19:

varie sum adfectus tuis litteris,

Cic. Fam. 16, 2:

consules oportere sic adfici, ut, etc.,

Plin. Pan. 90:

adfici a Gratiā aut a Voluptate,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12; id. Mil. 29, 79:

sollicitudo de te duplex nos adficit,

id. Brut. 92, 332:

uti ei qui audirent, sic adficerentur animis, ut eos adfici vellet orator,

id. de Or. 1, 19, 87 B. and K.:

adfici animos in diversum habitum,

Quint. 1, 10, 25.—

With acc. and abl., to affect a person or (rarely) thing with something; in a good sense, to bestow upon, grace with; in a bad sense, to visit with, inflict upon; or the ablative and verb may be rendered by the verb corresponding to the ablative, and if an adjective accompany the ablative, this adjective becomes an adverb.—Of inanimate things (rare): luce locum adficiens, lighting up the place, Varr. ap. Non. p. 250, 2:

adficere medicamine vultum,

Ov. Med. Fac. 67:

factum non eo nomine adficiendum,

designated, Cic. Top. 24, 94:

res honore adficere,

to honor, id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

non postulo, ut dolorem eisdem verbis adficias, quibus Epicurus, etc.,

id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18.—

Very freq. of persons.

In a good sense:

Qui praedā atque agro adoreāque adfecit populares suos,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38:

quem sepulturā adficit,

buries, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56:

patres adfecerat gloriā,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

admiratione,

id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

voluptate,

id. Fin. 3, 11, 37:

beneficio,

id. Agr. 1, 4, 13:

honore,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

laude,

id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

nomine regis,

to style, id. Deiot. 5, 14:

bonis nuntiis,

Plaut. Am. prol. 8:

muneribus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3; Nep. Ages. 3, 3:

praemio,

Cic. Mil. 30, 82:

pretio,

Verg. A. 12, 352:

stipendio,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61.—

In a bad sense: injuriā abs te adficior indignā, pater, am wronged unjustly, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Heren. 2, 24, 38; so Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 3:

Quantā me curā et sollicitudine adficit Gnatus,

id. ib. 2, 4, 1; so Cic. Att. 1, 18:

desiderio,

id. Fam. 2, 12:

timore,

to terrify, id. Quint. 2, 6:

difficultate,

to embarrass, Caes. B. G. 7, 6:

molestiā,

to trouble, Cic. Att. 15, 1:

tantis malis,

Vulg. Num. 11, 15:

maculā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113:

ignominiā,

id. ib. 39, 123:

contumeliis,

Vulg. Ezech. 22, 7; ib. Luc. 20, 11:

rerum et verborum acerbitatibus,

Suet. Calig. 2:

verberibus,

Just. 1, 5:

supplicio,

Cic. Brut. 1, 16; so Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

poenā,

Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

exsilio,

to banish, id. Thras. 3:

morte, cruciatu, cruce,

Cic. Verr. 3, 4, 9:

morte,

Vulg. Matt. 10, 21:

cruce,

Suet. Galb. 9:

ultimis cruciatibus,

Liv. 21, 44:

leto,

Nep. Regg. 3, 2.—And often in pass.:

sollicitudine et inopiā consilii,

Cic. Att. 3, 6:

adfici aegritudine,

id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

doloribus pedum,

id. Fam. 6, 19:

morbo oculorum,

Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

inopiā rei frumentariae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

calamitate et injuriā,

Cic. Att. 11, 2:

magnā poenā, Auct. B. G. 8, 39: vulneribus,

Col. R. R. 4, 11:

torminibus et inflationibus,

Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 103:

servitute,

Cic. Rep. 1, 44.—Hence, affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.

In a peculiar sense, that on which we have bestowed labor, that which we are now doing, so that it is nearly at an end; cf.: Adfecta, sicut M. Cicero et [p. 67] veterum elegantissime locuti sunt, ea proprie dicebantur, quae non ad finem ipsum, sed proxime finem progressa deductave erant, Gell. 3, 16:

bellum adfectum videmus et paene confectum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

in provinciā (Caesar) commoratur, ut ea. quae per eum adfecta sunt, perfecta rei publicae tradat,

id. ib. 12, 29: cum adfectā prope aestate uvas a sole mitescere tempus, etc., near the end of summer, id. ap. Gell. l. c.:

Jamque hieme adfectā mitescere coeperat annus,

Sil. 15, 502:

in Q. Mucii infirmissimā valetudine adfectāque jam aetate,

Cic. de Or. 1,45,200; id. Verr. 2,4,43, § 95.—

In nearly the same sense as the verb, absol. and with abl.

Of persons laboring under disease, or not yet quite recovered:

Qui cum ita adfectus esset, ut sibi ipse diffideret,

was in such a state, Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

Caesarem Neapoli adfectum graviter videam,

very ill, id. Att. 14, 17; so Sen. Ep. 101:

quem adfectum visuros crediderant,

ill, Liv. 28, 26:

corpus adfectum,

id. 9, 3:

adfectae vires corporis,

reduced strength, weakness, id. 5, 18:

puella,

Prop. 3, 24, 1:

aegra et adfecta mancipia,

Suet. Claud. 25:

jam quidem adfectum, sed tamen spirantem,

id. Tib. 21.—

Of things, weakened, sick, broken, reduced:

partem istam rei publicae male adfectam tueri,

Cic. Fam. 13, 68:

adfecta res publica,

Liv. 5, 57:

Quid est enim non ita adfectum, ut non deletum exstinctumque esse fateare?

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:

sic mihi (Sicilia) adfecta visa est, ut hae terrae solent, in quibus bellum versatum est,

id. Verr. 5, 18, 47:

adfecta res familiaris,

Liv. 5, 10:

opem rebus adfectis orare,

id. 6, 3; so Tac. H. 2, 69:

fides,

id. ib. 3, 65:

spes,

Val. Fl. 4, 60.—

Of persons, in gen. sense, disposed, affected, moved, touched:

Quonam modo, Philumena mea, nunc te offendam adfectam?

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 45:

quomodo sim adfectus, e Leptā poteris cognoscere,

Cic. Fam. 14, 17:

ut eodem modo erga amicum adfecti simus, quo erga nosmetipsos,

id. Lael. 16, 56; id. Fin. 1, 20, 68:

cum ita simus adfecti, ut non possimus plane simul vivere,

id. Att. 13, 23; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

oculus conturbatus non est probe adfectus ad suum munus fungendum,

in proper state, id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo adfecti simus, loquuntur,

id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; id. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Att. 12, 41, 2.—

As rhet. t. t.: affectus ad, related to, resembling:

Tum ex eis rebus, quae quodam modo affectae sunt ad id, de quo quaeritur,

Cic. Top. 2, 8 Forcellini.—

With abl. chiefly of persons, in indifferent sense, in good or bad sense (cf.:

Animi quem ad modum adfecti sint, virtutibus, vitiis, artibus, inertiis, aut quem ad modum commoti, cupiditate, metu, voluptate, molestiā,

Cic. Part. Or. 10, 35).

In indifferent sense, furnished with, having:

validos lictores ulmeis affectos lentis virgis,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 29:

pari filo similique (corpora) adfecta figurā,

Lucr. 2, 341:

Tantāne adfectum quemquam esse hominem audaciā!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 84:

omnibus virtutibus,

Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—

In bad sense:

aegritudine, morbo adfectus,

Col. R. R. 7, 5, 20:

aerumnis omnibus,

Lucr. 3, 50:

sollicitudine,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

difficultatibus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13:

fatigatione,

Curt. 7, 11:

frigore et penuriā,

id. 7, 3:

adfecta sterilitate terra, Col. R. R. praef. 1, 2: vitiis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

ignominiā,

id. Att. 7, 3:

supplicio,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

verberibus,

Curt. 7, 11:

vulnere corpus adfectum,

Liv. 1, 25:

morbo,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 6:

dolore,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

febre,

Suet. Vit. 14:

pestilentiā,

Liv. 41, 5:

desperatione,

Cic. Att. 14, 22:

clade,

Curt. 10, 6:

senectute,

Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 68:

aetate,

id. Cat. 2, 20; id. Sen. 14, 47:

morte,

Serv. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 12.— Sup.:

remiges inopiā adfectissimi,

Vell. 2, 84.—

In good sense:

beneficio adfectus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

aliquo honore aut imperio,

id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

valetudine optimā,

id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

laetitiā,

id. Mur. 2, 4, and ad Brut. 1, 4:

munere deorum,

id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

praemiis,

id. Pis. 37, 90.— Adv.: affectē ( adf-), with (a strong) affection, deeply:

oblectamur et contristamur et conterremur in somniis quam adfecte et anxie et passibiliter,

Tert. Anim. 45.

albus, a, um, adj. [cf. Umbr. alfu and Sab. alpus = white; alphos = white rash; O. H. Germ. Elbiz = a swan; to this have been referred also Alba Longa, Albunea, Alpes from their snowy summits (Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.), Albion from its chalky cliffs, Alpheios, and Albis = Elbe], white (properly dead white, not shining; e. g. hair, complexion, garments, etc., opp. ater, black that is without lustre; while candidus denotes a glistening, dazzling white, opp. niger, shining black.—Hence, trop., albus and ater, a symbol of good or ill fortune; on the other hand, candidus and niger of moral worth or unworthiness; cf. Doed. Syn. III. 193 sq.—So Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82: aliud est candidum, i. e. quādam nitenti luce perfusum esse; aliud album, quod pallori constat esse vicinum; cf. Verg. E. 7, 38: Candidior cycnis, hederā formosior albā, with id. ib. 3, 39: diffusos hederā vestit pallente corymbos; but this distinction is freq. disregarded by the poets).

Lit.

In gen.:

barba,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 15:

corpus,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 115:

color albus praecipue decorus deo est, maxime in textili,

Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: albus calculus, the small white stone used in voting, as a sign of acceding to the opinion of any one, or of the acquittal of one who is under accusation (opp. ater calculus;

v. calculus).— Hence, trop.: alicui rei album calculum adicere,

to allow, approve of, authorize, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—In Enn. an epithet of the sun and moon: sol, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 92 Vahl.): jubar Hyperionis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 658 P. (Ann. v. 547 ib.).—The following are examples of the opposition of albus and niger (instead of ater) as exceptions to the gen. rule; so always in Lucr. (who also uses albus and candidus or candens promiscuously), 2, 810; 822 sqq.; 731 sq.; 790; 767-771. Once in Cic.: quae alba sint, quae nigra dicere, Div. 2, 3; so Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Ov. M. 2, 541; cf. with id. ib. 2, 534 and 535; also id. ib. 12, 403; 15, 46; id. H. 15, 37 al.:

albi et nigri velleris,

Vulg. Gen. 30, 35:

non potes unum capillum album facere aut nigrum,

ib. Matt. 5, 36.—

Esp.

Pale, from sickness, terror, care, and the like:

aquosus albo Corpore languor, of dropsical persons,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:

pallor,

id. Epod. 7, 15:

vivat et urbanis albus in officiis,

pale from the cares of his public office, Mart. 1, 56 fin. et saep. —

Of clothing, white: alba decent Cererem;

vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,

Ov. F. 4, 619:

vidit duos Angelos in albis,

Vulg. Joan. 20, 12; ib. Apoc. 3, 4.—Hence, poet. transf. to the person, clothed in white, Hor. S. 1, 2, 36: pedibus qui venerat albis, who had come with white feet, i. e. marked with chalk, as for sale, Juv. 1, 111 (cf. gypsatus and also Plin. 35, 17, 58, §§ 199-201; Mayor ad 1. 1.).—

Prov. phrases.

Dentibus albis deridere, to deride one by laughing so as to show the teeth, for to deride much, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 48 (cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 26).—

Albus an ater sit, nescio or non curo, I know not, care not whether he is white or black, i. e. he is entirely indifferent to me:

vide, quam te amārit is, qui albus aterve fueris ignorans, fratris filium praeteriit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 16:

unde illa scivit, ater an albus nascerer,

Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Cat. 93, 2; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 38.—

Albo rete aliquid oppugnare, to attack or seize upon something with a white net, i. e. in a delicate, skilful manner:

qui hic albo rete aliena oppugnant bona,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 22 (so the passage seems to be more simply explained than acc. to the opinion of Gron.: qui albo (by the register of the prætor) tamquam rete, which omission of the tamquam is a Horatian, but not a Plautinian idiom). —

Albā lineā aliquid signare, to make a white line upon a white ground, i. e. to make no distinction: et amabat omnes, nam ut discrimen non facit... signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 28 (where the common editions have neque before signare, which gives the expression a directly opposite sense): albā, ut dicitur, lineā sine curā discriminis convertebant, Gell. praef. 11.—

Alba avis, a white sparrow, for something rare, uncommon, strange:

quasi avem albam videntur bene sentientem civem videre,

Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (quasi novum quiddam; proverbium ex eo natum, quia rarae aves albae, Manut. ad h. 1.).—

Filius albae gallinae, fortune's favorite child, Juv. 13, 141, prob. an allusion to the miracle that happened to Livia in regard to a white hen, v. Plin. 15, 30, 40; Suet. Galb. 1 (Ruperti ad h. 1, refers this expression to the unfruitfulness of a white hen, and conpares Col. R. R. 8, 2, 7).—

Equis albis praecurrere aliquem, to excel, surpass one, Hor. S. 1, 7, 8 (the figure being drawn from the white horses attached to a triumphal chariot; cf. Suet. Ner. 25; id. Dom. 2).—

Trop.

Favorable, fortunate, propitious:

simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,

i. e. the twin-star Castor, favorable to sailors, Hor. C. 1, 12, 27:

dies,

Sil. 15, 53:

sint omnia protinus alba,

Pers. 1, 110.—

Poet. and act., of the wind, making clear or bright, dispersing the clouds; hence, dry:

Notus,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 15 (as a transl. of the Gr. leukonotos):

iapyx,

id. ib. 3, 27, 19 (cf.:

clarus aquilo,

Verg. G. 1, 460).—Whence,

album, i, n., whiteness.

White color, white:

maculis insignis et albo,

Verg. G. 3, 56;

sparsis pellibus albo,

id. E. 2, 41:

columnas polire albo,

to make white, whiten, Liv. 40, 51.—Hence,

Esp.,

The white of the eye:

oculorum,

Cels. 2, 6; so id. 7, 7, n. 6 and 12.—

The white of an egg:

ovi,

Cels. 6, 6, n. 7.—

In Col. 6, 17, 7, a white spot on the eye, i. e. a disease of it, = albugo.—

In the lang. of polit. life, a white tablet, on which any thing is inscribed (like leukôma in Gr.).

The tablets on which the Pontifex Maximus registered the principal events of the year, the Annales maximi (v. annales): in album referre, to enter or record in, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52; Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

The tablets of the prœtor, on which his edicts were written, and which were posted up in some public place, Paul. Sent. l. 1, t. 14.—Hence, sedere ad album, to be employed with the edicts of the prœtor, Sen. Ep. 48:

se ad album transferre,

Quint. 12, 3, 11 Spald.—

Esp., a list of names, a register, e. g. Album senatorium, the tablet on which the names of the senators were enrolled, the roll, register, which, by the order of Augustus, was to be posted up annually in the senate-house, Diom. 55, 3, and Fragm. 137:

aliquem albo senatorio eradere,

Tac. A. 4, 42 fin. —Also, the list of the judges chosen by the quœstors:

aliquem albo judicum eradere,

Suet. Claud. 16; so id. Dom. 8.—And transf. to other catalogues of names:

citharoedorum,

Suet. Ner. 21.

offendo, di, sum, 3, v. a. and n. [obfendo]. to hit, thrust, strike, or dash against something (syn.: illido, impingo; class.).

Lit.:

offendere caput ad fornicem,

Quint. 6, 3, 67:

latus vehementer,

Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

coxam,

to hurt himself in the haunch, Col. 5, 9, 1: pedem, Auct. B. Hisp. 23; Ov. F. 2, 720:

solido,

against something solid, Hor. S. 2, 1, 78:

in scopulis offendit puppis,

strikes on, Ov. P. 4, 14, 22:

in redeundo offenderunt,

ran aground, Caes. B. C. 3, 8:

in cornua,

Sol. 40:

ne quem in cursu capite, aut cubito, aut pectore offendam, aut genu,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 2:

visco,

id. Poen. 2, 37.—

Transf., to hit upon, light upon a person or thing, i. e. to come upon, meet with, find (syn.: deprehendo, invenio): si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.); cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1:

haec, cum ego a foro revortar, facite ut offendam parata,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 30:

paululum si cessassem, Domi non offendissem,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 5:

si te in plateā offendero hac post umquam, periisti,

id. ib. 5, 8, 34; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 31:

imparatum te offendam,

will come upon you unawares, will surprise you, Cic. Fam. 2, 3:

eundem bonorum sensum,

id. ib. 1, 9, 17:

nondum perfectum templum offendere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:

omnia aliter ac jusserat offendit,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59.—

Trop.

In gen., to suffer damage, receive an injury:

quis est tam Lynceus, qui in tantis tenebris nihil offendat, nusquam incurrat?

Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 2:

in causis,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 301:

ad fortunam,

Phaedr. 4, 14, 6.—

In partic., to stumble, blunder, make a mistake, commit a fault; to commit an offence, to be offensive (syn.:

pecco, delinquo): in quo ipsi offendissent, alios reprehendissent,

Cic. Clu. 36, 98:

sin quid offenderit, sibi totum, tibi nihil offenderit,

id. Fam. 2, 18, 3:

offendebant illi quidem apud gravīs et honestos homines, sed populi judiciis florebant,

gave offence to, id. Sest. 49, 105:

se apud plebem offendisse de aerario,

id. Att. 10, 4, 8:

neque in eo solum offenderat, quod,

Nep. Phoc. 2, 2: legi, to offend against or violate the law, Dig. 22, 1, 1.—Hence (eccl. Lat.), to offend, commit a sin:

in multis enim offendimus omnes,

Vulg. Jac. 3, 2.— Of things, to be offensive:

cum nihil aliud offenderit,

Liv. 2, 2, 2; cf. id. 4, 42, 2.—

To find fault with, be displeased with, take offence at any thing:

at credo, in Caesarem probatis, in me offenditis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

si in me aliquid offendistis,

have taken any offence at me, Cic. Mil. 36, 99.—

To fail in any thing, i. e. to have a misfortune, to be unfortunate, meet with ill success:

apud judices offendere, opp. causam iis probare,

Cic. Clu. 23, 63:

cum multi viri fortes offenderint,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131:

tamquam M. Atilius primo accessu ad Africam offenderit,

i. e. met with a calamity, Liv. 28, 43, 17; cf. I. A. supra.— Impers. pass.:

sin aliquid esset offensum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7:

quoties culpā ducis esset offensum,

might have met with a defeat, Caes. B. C. 3, 72; cf.:

nullum ejusmodi casum exspectans, quo... in milibus passuum tribus offendi posset,

id. B. G. 6, 36 Kraner ad loc.:

at si valetudo ejus offendissit,

failed, Gell. 4, 2, 10.—

To shock, offend, mortify, vex, displease one:

me exquisisse aliquid, in quo te offenderem,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

tuam existimationem,

id. ib. 3, 8, 7:

neminem umquam non re, non verbo, non vultu denique offendit,

id. Balb. 26, 59:

offensus nemo contumeliā,

id. Att. 6, 3, 3:

ne offendam patrem,

id. ib. 6, 3, 9:

ut eos splendor offendat,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 7:

extinctum lumen recens offendit nares,

Lucr. 6, 791:

offendere tot caligas, tot Milia clavorum,

provoke, Juv. 16, 24:

polypodion offendit stomachum,

disagrees with, Plin. 26, 8, 37, § 58:

ne colorum claritas aciem oculorum offenderet,

id. 35, 10, 36, § 97.— Pass., to be displeased, feel hurt:

multis rebus meus offendebatur animus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10.— With inf.:

ut non offendar subripi (ista munera),

so that I am not offended at their being taken from me, Phaedr. 4, 11, 6: componi aliquid de se, offendebatur, he took it ill, if, etc., Suet. Aug. 8, 9 fin. —Hence, of-fensus, a, um, P. a.

Offensive, odious (cf.:

invisus, odiosus, infensus): miserum atque invidiosum offensumque ordinem senatorium!

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 145:

offensum et invisum esse alicui,

id. Sest. 58, 125.—As subst.: offensum, i, n., the offence:

offensum est quod eorum, qui audiunt, voluntatem laedit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 92.—

Offended, displeased, vexed, incensed, imbittered:

offensus et alienatus animus,

Cic. Att. 1, 17, 7:

aliena et offensa populi voluntas,

id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106: offensos merere [p. 1259] deos, Ov. H. 21, 48: offensi animi regum, Auct. B. Alex. 32.— Comp.:

quem cum esse offensiorem arbitrarer,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 2:

quem sibi offensiorem sciebat esse,

id. Clu. 62, 172; id. Att. 1, 5, 5.

offendo, ĭnis, f. [1. offendo], an offence, Afran. ap. Non. 146, 32 (offendo, offensio, Non.).

offendo, di, sum, 3, v. a. and n. [obfendo]. to hit, thrust, strike, or dash against something (syn.: illido, impingo; class.).

Lit.:

offendere caput ad fornicem,

Quint. 6, 3, 67:

latus vehementer,

Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

coxam,

to hurt himself in the haunch, Col. 5, 9, 1: pedem, Auct. B. Hisp. 23; Ov. F. 2, 720:

solido,

against something solid, Hor. S. 2, 1, 78:

in scopulis offendit puppis,

strikes on, Ov. P. 4, 14, 22:

in redeundo offenderunt,

ran aground, Caes. B. C. 3, 8:

in cornua,

Sol. 40:

ne quem in cursu capite, aut cubito, aut pectore offendam, aut genu,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 2:

visco,

id. Poen. 2, 37.—

Transf., to hit upon, light upon a person or thing, i. e. to come upon, meet with, find (syn.: deprehendo, invenio): si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.); cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1:

haec, cum ego a foro revortar, facite ut offendam parata,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 30:

paululum si cessassem, Domi non offendissem,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 5:

si te in plateā offendero hac post umquam, periisti,

id. ib. 5, 8, 34; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 31:

imparatum te offendam,

will come upon you unawares, will surprise you, Cic. Fam. 2, 3:

eundem bonorum sensum,

id. ib. 1, 9, 17:

nondum perfectum templum offendere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:

omnia aliter ac jusserat offendit,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59.—

Trop.

In gen., to suffer damage, receive an injury:

quis est tam Lynceus, qui in tantis tenebris nihil offendat, nusquam incurrat?

Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 2:

in causis,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 301:

ad fortunam,

Phaedr. 4, 14, 6.—

In partic., to stumble, blunder, make a mistake, commit a fault; to commit an offence, to be offensive (syn.:

pecco, delinquo): in quo ipsi offendissent, alios reprehendissent,

Cic. Clu. 36, 98:

sin quid offenderit, sibi totum, tibi nihil offenderit,

id. Fam. 2, 18, 3:

offendebant illi quidem apud gravīs et honestos homines, sed populi judiciis florebant,

gave offence to, id. Sest. 49, 105:

se apud plebem offendisse de aerario,

id. Att. 10, 4, 8:

neque in eo solum offenderat, quod,

Nep. Phoc. 2, 2: legi, to offend against or violate the law, Dig. 22, 1, 1.—Hence (eccl. Lat.), to offend, commit a sin:

in multis enim offendimus omnes,

Vulg. Jac. 3, 2.— Of things, to be offensive:

cum nihil aliud offenderit,

Liv. 2, 2, 2; cf. id. 4, 42, 2.—

To find fault with, be displeased with, take offence at any thing:

at credo, in Caesarem probatis, in me offenditis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

si in me aliquid offendistis,

have taken any offence at me, Cic. Mil. 36, 99.—

To fail in any thing, i. e. to have a misfortune, to be unfortunate, meet with ill success:

apud judices offendere, opp. causam iis probare,

Cic. Clu. 23, 63:

cum multi viri fortes offenderint,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131:

tamquam M. Atilius primo accessu ad Africam offenderit,

i. e. met with a calamity, Liv. 28, 43, 17; cf. I. A. supra.— Impers. pass.:

sin aliquid esset offensum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7:

quoties culpā ducis esset offensum,

might have met with a defeat, Caes. B. C. 3, 72; cf.:

nullum ejusmodi casum exspectans, quo... in milibus passuum tribus offendi posset,

id. B. G. 6, 36 Kraner ad loc.:

at si valetudo ejus offendissit,

failed, Gell. 4, 2, 10.—

To shock, offend, mortify, vex, displease one:

me exquisisse aliquid, in quo te offenderem,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

tuam existimationem,

id. ib. 3, 8, 7:

neminem umquam non re, non verbo, non vultu denique offendit,

id. Balb. 26, 59:

offensus nemo contumeliā,

id. Att. 6, 3, 3:

ne offendam patrem,

id. ib. 6, 3, 9:

ut eos splendor offendat,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 7:

extinctum lumen recens offendit nares,

Lucr. 6, 791:

offendere tot caligas, tot Milia clavorum,

provoke, Juv. 16, 24:

polypodion offendit stomachum,

disagrees with, Plin. 26, 8, 37, § 58:

ne colorum claritas aciem oculorum offenderet,

id. 35, 10, 36, § 97.— Pass., to be displeased, feel hurt:

multis rebus meus offendebatur animus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10.— With inf.:

ut non offendar subripi (ista munera),

so that I am not offended at their being taken from me, Phaedr. 4, 11, 6: componi aliquid de se, offendebatur, he took it ill, if, etc., Suet. Aug. 8, 9 fin. —Hence, of-fensus, a, um, P. a.

Offensive, odious (cf.:

invisus, odiosus, infensus): miserum atque invidiosum offensumque ordinem senatorium!

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 145:

offensum et invisum esse alicui,

id. Sest. 58, 125.—As subst.: offensum, i, n., the offence:

offensum est quod eorum, qui audiunt, voluntatem laedit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 92.—

Offended, displeased, vexed, incensed, imbittered:

offensus et alienatus animus,

Cic. Att. 1, 17, 7:

aliena et offensa populi voluntas,

id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106: offensos merere [p. 1259] deos, Ov. H. 21, 48: offensi animi regum, Auct. B. Alex. 32.— Comp.:

quem cum esse offensiorem arbitrarer,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 2:

quem sibi offensiorem sciebat esse,

id. Clu. 62, 172; id. Att. 1, 5, 5.

offendo, ĭnis, f. [1. offendo], an offence, Afran. ap. Non. 146, 32 (offendo, offensio, Non.).

dum, conj. [for dium, acc. from dius; cf. diu, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 856], denotes the temporal relation of two actions to cach other,

As contemporaneous, or,

As in immediate succession, so that with the commencement of one action the other ceases.

As contemporaneous.

Without respect to the limits of the two actions, while, whilst, during the time in which.

In gen., construed with the indicative, except in oratio obliqua, where the subjunctive was sometimes used. In Aug. poets and late prose the subjunctive often stands in oratio directa, v. the following).

Indic. praes.:

dum cum hac usuraria Uxore mihi nunc morigero, haec curata sint Fac sis,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 25; so id. Aul. 4, 2, 14; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 19; Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 11; Cic. Clu. 32 fin.; Verg. E. 3, 75; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 190 et saep.— In the praes. histor.:

dum haec loquimur, interea loci ad macellum ubi advenimus, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 5, 9, 18; Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15; id. Div. in Caec. 17, 56:

dum haec geruntur, Caesari nuntiatum est, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 1; cf.

these forms of transition,

id. ib. 3, 17, 1; 4, 32, 1; 4, 34, 3; 5, 22, 1; 6, 7, 1; 7, 57, 1; id. B. C. 1, 56, 1; 2, 1, 1 et saep. dum ea conquiruntur et conferuntur, nocte intermissa circiter hominum milia VI ad Rhenum contenderunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 27, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 37, 1; id. ib. 1, 36, 1; Liv. 21, 7, 1; Verg. G. 4, 559.—In the imperf.:

dum haec in Appulia gerebantur, Samnites... urbem non tenuerunt,

Liv. 10, 36 fin.; 21, 53; 41, 14; Nep. Hann. 2, 4; Tac. Agr. 41; cf.:

dum is in aliis rebus erat occupatus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91 —In the fut.; nunc animum advortite Dum argumentum hujus eloquar comoediae, Plaut. Am. prol. 96.—In the perf.:

dum Cyri et Alexandri similis esse voluit, Crassorum inventus est dissimillimus,

Cic. Brut. 81, 292; so id. Mur. 27, 55; id. Fin. 2, 13; id. Phil. 14, 12, 33; id. Att. 1, 16, 2; Nep. Reg. 2, 2 al.—In the pluperf.:

dum in unam partem oculos animosque hostium certamen averterat, pluribus locis scalis capitur murus,

Liv. 32, 24.—In the fut. perf.:

bellum ingens geret Italia... Tertia dum Latio regnantem viderit aestas,

Verg. A. 1, 265.—Prov.:

dum loqueris,

i. e. this instant, Petr. 99.—In the oratio obliqua: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Dum sanctis patriae legibus obsequimur, Poëta ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 101; Liv. 2, 57; 26, 16; Tac. A. 15, 59; id. H. 1, 33; Ov. M. 4, 776 et saep.—

Subj. In oratio obliqua:

dixisti, dum Planci in me meritum verbis extollerem, me arcem facere e cloaca,

Cic. Planc. 40; so id. de Or. 1, 41 fin.; id. Mur. 24; id. Att. 5, 17, 3; Sall. C. 7, 6; Tac. H. 4, 17 fin. al.—In oratio recta:

o quotiens ausae, caneret dum valle sub alta, Rumpere mugitu carmina docta boves,

Tib. 2, 3, 19:

dum intentus in eum se rex totus averteret, etc.,

Liv. 1, 40, 7:

dum ea in Samnio gererentur,

id. 10, 18, 1; Ov. Pont. 3, 3, 2; Verg. G. 4, 457; Mart. 1, 22, 1; Hirt. B. Hisp. 23; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 35; id. Caes. 39; Hyg. Fab. 12 al.—

When the principal action is an immediate and sudden sequence of that described in [p. 618] the clause with dum, subito or repente is often used in the principal clause:

dum tempus teritur, repente milites, etc.,

Liv. 29, 9, 5: dum advenientes filia interrogat, repente in osculis, etc. Suet. Aug. 99:

dum Appium orno, subito sum factus accusatoris ejus socer,

Cic. Att. 6, 6, 1; Hirt. B. Afr. 61.—

When the actions are simply presented as contemporaneous, interea, jam or interea jam is often used in the principal clause:

dum haec mecum reputo, accersitur lavatum interea virgo,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 44; Cic. Quint. 6, 28:

dum ea Romani parant, jam Saguntum oppugnabatur,

Liv. 21, 7, 1; cf.

also: dum... interim,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 8; id. Men. 1, 3, 31; Liv. 21, 47, 7 al.—

Esp., of duration in the present, now, yet.

In combination with etiam primum, and esp. freq. with the negations non, nec, ne, haud, nihil, nullus, nemo, v. h vv.—

Colloq., as an enclitic with imperatives and interjections (by some separately written ades dum, abi dum, etc, but v. Ritschl, Opusc Phil p. 567 sq.), orig, acc of time, a moment, a second, a little Sosia adesdum, paucis te volo, Ter. And 1, 1, 2 abidum, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 8 circumspicedum, Plaut Trin. 1, 2, 109:

dicdum,

Ter. Hec 5, 3, 5 facitodum, id. Heaut 3, 2, 39 iteradum, Poëta ap. Cic. Att. 14, 14 jubedum, Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 7:

manedum,

id. Bacch. 4, 6, 24; Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 4:

memoradum,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 103:

tacedum,

id. Men. 2, 2, 73:

tangedum,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 5 al.:

agedum (most freq.),

id. Am. 2, 2, 151; 5, 1, 29; id. As. 4, 1, 1; 5, 1, 1 et saep. (for which, agidum, id. Trin. 2, 2, 89 Ritschl ad loc.); Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 27; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Hec. 3, 1, 35; id. Phorm. 5, 3, 1; Cic. Sull. 26; Liv. 7, 9; 9, 16 al.; Cat. 63, 78; Stat. Th. 7, 126 al.:

agitedum,

Liv. 3, 62 Drak.; 5, 52; 7, 34 fin.:

cedodum,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15:

ehodum,

id. And. 1, 2, 13; 2, 1, 24; 3, 5, 10; id. Eun. 2, 3, 68; also in Plaut. in enumerations: primumdum (= Gr. prôton men), Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 26; id. Most. 2, 1, 53; id. Trin. 1, 2, 61 al.—

With respect to the temporal limit of both actions, i. q. tamdiu quam or usque eo, as long as, while.

Lit. (with indic. when the duration of the action in the principal clause is alone implied, except in the oratio obliqua).—In praes.: bene factum a vobis, dum vivitis, non abscedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1 fin.; so Cic. Lael. 4, 14; id. de Sen. 23, 86; id. Fin. 3, 2, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 50 fin. al.—In fut.: quid illos opinamini animi habuisse atque habituros, dum vivent? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 13, 17; Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; Cic. Rosc. Am. 32 fin.; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; Verg. A. 1, 607 sq. et saep.—

Subj., often, when the clause with dum expresses a desired end, or refers to an indefinite future:

non tibi venit in mentem, Si, dum vivas, tibi bene facias, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 76:

pars, dum vires suppeterent, eruptionem censebant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 2:

ut sua sponte, dum sine periculo liceret, excederet Gadibus,

id. B. C. 2, 20, 3:

hoc unum esse tempus de pace agendi, dum sibi uterque confideret ut pares ambo viderentur,

id. ib. 3, 10, 7:

de quo (sc. animo) dum disputarem, tuam mihi dari vellem, Cotta, eloquentiam,

Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147 Bait. (v. Roby, Gram. 2, 284 sq.). —

With tamdiu, tantum, tantummodo, tantisper, usque; or opp. postea, postquam, deinde, ubi, nunc, etc.—With tamdiu, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3; id. Cat. 3, 7; id. de Sen. 12, 41; id. Tusc. 5, 33 fin.; id. Att. 9, 6, 5 al.—With tantum, Liv. 27, 42.—With tantummodo, Sall. J. 53, 3.—With tantisper, Plaut. Truc. prol. 11; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 54.—With usque, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5: dum... postea, id. Mur. 12, 26—dum... postea quam, Caes. B. G. 7, 82, 1; Cic. Rosc. Am. 43 fin. —dum... postquam, Sall. J. 53, 3; Liv. 21, 13; cf. Ter. And. 1, 1, 27—dum... deinde, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5; Liv. 27, 42, 13—dum... sed ubi, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 37; Caes. B. C. 1, 51, 5—dum... nunc, Ter. And. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 11.—For tamdiu... dum, less freq. dum... dum, as long as... so long:

sic virgo dum intacta manet, dum cara suis,

Cat. 62, 45 and 56; cf. Quint. 9, 3, 16:

dum habeat, dum amet,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 23 (al. tum).—

In Plautus repeatedly with an emphatic quidem, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 57; 5, 2, 20; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 48; id. Merc. 2, 3, 53; id. Ps. 1, 5, 92.—

Transf.

In conditional relations as a restrictive particle, like quatenus and duntaxat, so long as, if so be that, provided that, if only (so regularly connected with the subjunctive;

freq. in prose and poetry): dum pereas, nihil interduo aiant vivere,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 36: Ly. Concede, inspiciam quid sit scriptum. Cu. Maxime, Tuo arbitratu, dum auferam abs te id quod peto, id. Curc. 3, 58; cf.:

dum res maneant, verba fingant arbitratu suo,

Cic. Fin. 5, 29 fin.: oderint, dum metuant, Att. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 28, 97:

licet lascivire, dum nihil metuas,

Cic. Rep. 1, 40 et saep.; in the imperf.:

qui sese in cruciatum dari cuperet, dum de patris morte quaereretur,

id. Rosc. Am. 41, 119; Sall. C. 40, 4; id. J. 68, 3; Quint. 10, 1, 33: An. Non pudet vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41;

so without a verb,

Cic. Fam. 7, 9; id. Ac. 2, 32, 104; Quint. 4, 1, 70; 9, 4, 58; 10, 3, 5; cf.:

dum eatenus,

id. 1, 11, 1.—

With an emphatic modo, and often in one word, dummodo:

aeque istuc facio dummodo Eam des, quae sit quaestuosa, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189; id. Aul. 2, 2, 62; id. Mil. 2, 2, 98; Cic. Rep. 3, 3; id. Off. 3, 21; id. Cat. 1, 5; 9; Prop. 3, 17, 17 (4, 16, 17 M.); Ov. F. 5, 242 al.; cf.:

sin autem jejunitatem... dummodo sit polita, dum urbana, dum elegans, in Attico genere ponit, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 82, 285:

dummodo sit dives, barbarus ille placet,

Ov. A. A. 2, 276.—Separated by other words:

mea nil refert, dum patiar modo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28:

certumst pati, dum illum modo habeam mecum,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 57; Val. Fl. 5, 265.—

With tamen, and, in Plautus (cf. above, 1. c.), with quidem.—With tamen, Cic. de Or. 2, 77, 314; Cels. 3, 4; Quint. 1, 1, 11; 2, 12, 7; 8 prooem. § 32; Dig. 39, 22, 4.—With quidem, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 20; id. Aul. 2, 2, 34; cf. the foll. number.—

In negative conditional clauses, with ne, so long as not, provided that not, if only not:

VTEI. SENATVS. NOSTER. DECERNERET. DVM. NE. MINVS. SENATORIBVS. C. ADESENT., S. C. de Bac. (thrice): id faciat saepe, dum ne lassus fiat,

Cato, R. R. 5, 4; Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 137; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 8, 26; id. Curc. 1, 1, 36; Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1, 4; 8, 11, B fin.; Liv. 3, 21 Drak.; 28, 40; Ov. H. 3, 81.—So too, dummodo ne, Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7; id. Att. 12, 45 al.:

dum quidem ne,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 89.—

With a causal accessory notion, until, long enough for, etc (very rare, only with subjunctive) obsidio deinde per paucos dies magis quam oppugnatio fuit, dum vulnus ducis curaretur, Liv 21, 8; cf. id. 24, 40; Suet Aug. 78 fin. nam se quoque moveri finget, dum aditum sibi ad aures faciat, Quint. 4, 1, 46.

In immediate suceession, until, until that (with the subjunctive or the indicative, as the idea of aim or simply of time predominates; cf.

e.g.: quid dicam, quantus amor bestiarum sit in educandis custodiendisque iis, quae procreaverunt, usque ad eum finem, dum possint se ipsa defendere?

Cic. N. D. 2, 51 fin.:

ea mansit in condicione atque pacto usque ad eum finem, dum judices rejecti sunt,

id. Verr. 1, 6, 16; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 32; id. Eun. 1, 2, 126; Liv. 4, 21 fin.; 27, 42. Cicero generally, Caesar always employs the subjunctive).

Subj.:

is dum veniat, sedens ibi opperibere,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 14; cf.:

paulisper mane, dum edormiscat unum somnum,

id. Am. 2, 2, 64; cf. also Cic. Att. 7, 1, 4;

so with exspectare,

id. Lael. 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.; 4, 13, 2; Liv. 3, 11 fin.: Tac. Or. 19 fin.; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42; Luc. 5, 303 et saep.;

with morari,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 28; Liv. 4, 21 fin.; 22, 38 al.; cf. infra, b:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur, dum justa muri altitudo expleatur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 4; id. B. C. 1, 58, 4; cf.:

multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem Inferretque deos Latio,

Verg. A. 1, 5:

ut spatium intercedere posset, dum milites convenirent, legatis respondit, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin.: Caesar ex eo tempore, dum ad flumen Varum veniatur, se frumentum daturum pollicetur, from that time until, etc., id. B. C. 1, 87, 1:

differant in tempus aliud, dum defervescat ira,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, 78 (cf. ib.:

dum se ipsi colligant): quippe qui moram temporis quaererent, dum Hannibal in Africam traiceret,

Liv. 30, 16 fin. et saep.—

Indic.:

tu hic nos, dum eximus, interea opperibere,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 5;

so with opperiri,

Cic. Att. 10, 3;

with manere aliquem,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28;

with exspectare,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 126;

with morari,

Liv. 27, 42; cf.:

causas innecte morandi, Dum pelago desaevit hiems,

Verg. A. 4, 52:

retine, dum ego huc servos evoco,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 89; cf.:

Tityre, dum redeo, pasce capellas,

Verg. E. 9, 23: struppis, quibus lectica deligata erat, usque adeo verberari jussit, dum animam efflavit, Gracch. ap. Gell. 10, 3, 5; cf. in the perf., Prop. 1, 3, 45; in the fut., id. 1, 14, 14. See Hand, Turs. II. pp. 303-330.

mētĭor, mensus (post-class. metītus, Dig. 32, 1, 52), 4, v. dep. [Sanscr. ma, to measure; cf. Gr. me-tron, Lat. modus], to measure, mete (lands, corn); also, to measure or mete out, to deal out, distribute by measure (class.).

Lit.:

metiri agrum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 2:

frumentum,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 83, § 192:

sol, quem metiri non possunt,

id. Ac. 2, 41, 128:

magnitudinem mundi,

id. Off. 1, 43, 154: nummos, to measure one's money, i. e. to have a great abundance of it, Hor. S. 1, 1, 95:

nummos modio,

Petr. S. 37:

se ad candelabrum,

id. ib. 75:

pedes syllabis,

to measure by syllables, Cic. Or. 57, 194:

frumentum militibus metiri,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16:

cum exercitu frumentum metiri oporteret,

id. ib. 1, 23;

7, 71: Caecubum,

Hor. Epod. 9, 36:

quis mensus est pugillo aquas?

Vulg. Isa. 40, 12:

tantus acervus fuit, ut metientibus dimidium super tres modios explesse, sint quidam auctores,

Liv. 23, 12.—

Poet. transf., to measure a distance, i. e. to pass, walk, or sail through or over, to traverse:

Sacram metiente te viam (of the measured pace of a proud person),

Hor. Epod. 4, 7:

aequor curru,

to sail through, Verg. G. 4, 389:

aquas carinā,

Ov. M. 9, 446:

tu, cursu, dea menstruo metiens iter annuom,

to go through complete, Cat. 34, 17:

instabili gressu metitur litora cornix,

Luc. 5, 556.—Also absol.:

quin hic metimur gradibus militariis,

to walk, Plaut. Ps. 4, 4, 11.—

Trop., to measure, estimate, judge one thing by another; also simply to measure, estimate, judge of, set a value on a thing.

With abl. of the standard of comparison, or the means of judgment:

sonantia metiri auribus,

Cic. Or. 68, 227:

oculo latus,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 103:

omnia quaestu,

by profit, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 111:

qui nihil alterius causa faciet et metietur suis commodis omnia,

id. Leg. 1, 14, 41:

vides igitur, si amicitiam sua caritate metiare, nihil esse praestantius,

id. Fin. 2, 26, 85:

vim eloquentiae sua facultate non rei natura,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 4, 10:

omnia voluptate,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

studia utilitate,

Quint. 12, 11, 29:

magnos homines virtute, non fortuna,

Nep. Eum. 1:

usum pecuniae non magnitudine, sed ratione,

Cic. Att. 14:

officia utilitate,

Lact. 6, 11, 12:

odium in se aliorum suo in eos metiens odio,

Liv. 3, 54:

pericula suo metu,

Sall. C. 31, 2:

peccata vitiis,

Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20:

aetatem nostram non spatio senectutis, sed tempore adulescentiae,

Quint. 12, 11, 13.—

With ex (very rare):

fidelitas, quam ego ex mea conscientiā metior,

Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2: ex eo, quantum cuique satis est, metiuntur homines divitiarum modum, id. Par. 6, 1, 14.—

With ad:

nec se metitur ad illum quem dedit haec (paupertas) posuitque modum,

i. e. accommodates herself, Juv. 6, 358.—

Absol. (post-Aug.):

metiri ac diligenter aestimare vires suas,

Quint. 6, 1, 45:

pondera sua,

Mart. 12, 100, 8:

sua regna,

Luc. 8, 527. —

With quod:

quanto metiris pretio, quod, etc.,

Juv. 9, 72.—

To traverse. go over, pass through:

late Aequora prospectu metior alta meo,

Ov. H. 10, 28:

tot casus, tot avia,

Val. Fl. 5, 476:

jamque duas lucis partes Hyperione menso,

Ov. M. 8, 564.—

To measure out, deal to any one, treat one well or ill:

mensurā quā mensi fueritis, remetietur vobis,

Vulg. Luc. 6, 38; cf. id. Matt. 7, 2.

signif., to be measured:

agri glebatim metiebantur,

Lact. Mort. Persec. 23, 2:

an sol pedis unius latitudine metiatur,

Arn. 2, 86.— Part. perf.: mensus, a, um, measured off:

mensa spatia conficere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 69.—As subst.:

bene mensum dabo,

good measure, Sen. Q. N. 4, 4, 1.

prĕcor, ātus ( gen. plur. precantūm, Ov. M. 12, 33; Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 2), 1, v. dep. n. and a. [root Sanscr. pracch- prask-, to ask; Germ. fragen; v. posco].

To ask, beg, entreat, pray, supplicate, request, invoke, call upon, beseech; to sue, say, or speak as a suppliant (class.; syn.: oro, rogo, supplico).

With acc. of the person addressed:

qui ne precari quidem Jovem optimum maximum possit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 32, § 71; id. Balb. 24, 55:

deos colere, precari, venerarique,

id. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

quid veneramur, quid precamur deos,

id. ib. 1, 44, 122; id. Cat. 2, 13, 29:

deos tacite malumus et intra nos ipsos precari,

Sen. Ben. 2, 1, 4:

Nyctelium patrem precare,

Ov. A. A. 1, 567.—

With dat. of person in whose behalf:

bona omnia populo Romano,

Liv. 24, 16, 10:

longum Augusto precare diem,

Prop. 3, 9, 49 (4, 10, 50).—

With pro and abl. of person prayed for:

ut jure sacerdotii precari deos pro te publice possim, quos nunc precor pietate privatā,

Plin. Ep. 10, 13 (8) fin.:

pro necessario ac propinquo suo,

Curt. 5, 3, 14:

pro nobis mitte precari,

Ov. M. 3, 614:

pro te,

Front. Ep. ad Anton. 1, 1; Aug. Ep. 175, 5.—

With acc. of thing prayed for:

haec precatus sum,

Cic. Pis. 20, 46:

hortatur pater veniam precari,

Verg. A. 3, 144:

tibi di, quaecunque preceris commoda dent,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 75:

date quae precamur,

id. C. S. 3:

vitam,

Vell. 2, 79, 5; 2, 85, 5:

saepe precor mortem,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 59.—So with two acc.:

quod precarer deos,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 9:

ut quod deos precati eritis,

Liv. 40, 46, 9:

quid habeo aliud deos immortales precari, quam ut, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 58 fin. —

With ut, ne, quominus, or ( poet.) subj. alone:

ut fas sit vidisse, tacitus precatur,

Sen. Ep. 115, 4:

deosque precetur et oret, ut,

Hor. A. P. 200; Cic. Dom. 57, 144; Curt. 7, 2, 31; Liv. 24, 5, 5; 25, 25, 6; 26, 25, 13:

pro se quisque precari coepere, ne festinatione periculum augeret,

Curt. 3, 5, 14:

precare ne jubeant, etc.,

Ov. A. A. 1, 568:

si id non probares, quominus ambo unā necaremini non precarere,

Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79:

hoc quoque, dux operis, moneas, precor,

Ov. F. 4, 247:

det solum miserae mite, precare, fuge,

id. P. 2, 2, 68:

tandem venias precamur,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 30:

reddas incolumem precor,

id. ib. 1, 3, 7; id. Epod. 3, 20.—

With ab and abl. of person addressed:

precor ab iis ut, etc.,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 2, 5:

hoc a diis immortalibus precari, ut, etc.,

Nep. Timol. 5, 2:

quae precatus a diis sum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 1, 1: ab indigno, id. [p. 1440] Lael. 16, 57:

esse stultitiam, a quibus bona precaremur, ab iis dantibus nolle sumere,

id. N. D. 3, 34, 84.—

With acc. of the prayer:

te bonas preces precor, uti sies volens propitius mihi,

Cato, R. R. 139; cf. id. ib. 132, 2.—

With object-clause:

sibi et vicinis serere se,

Plin. 18, 13, 35, § 131:

numquam placidas esse precarer aquas,

Ov. H. 19, 82.—

With ad:

di, ad quos precentur ac supplicent,

make supplications, Liv. 38, 43.—

Absol.:

fata deūm flecti precando,

Verg. A. 6, 376; so freq. in part. pres.:

mitis precanti,

Stat. Th. 1, 189:

verba precantia,

Ov. M. 7, 590:

manum precantem Protendere,

Verg. A. 12, 930:

oliva,

Stat. Th. 2, 478:

eum sororem dedisse Prusiae precanti,

Liv. 42, 12, 4;

and parenthetically: gnatique patrisque, Alma, precor, miserere,

Verg. A. 6, 117:

parce, precor,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 2; Ov. H. 16, 11; id. Am. 3, 9, 67:

per hoc decus, precor,

Hor. Epod. 5, 7.—

In partic., to wish well or ill to any one, to hail, salute, or address one with a wish, alicui aliquid (class.).

Of good wishes:

sic exire e patriā, ut omnes sui cives salutem, incolumitatem, reditum precentur,

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

cape, Roma, triumphum, Et longum Augusto salva precare diem,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 50:

nos perpetuam felicitatem reipublicae precari,

Suet. Aug. 58: sibi et suis euthanasian similem precabatur, id. ib. 97:

alicui immortalitatem,

Curt. 8, 5, 16:

permittamus vela ventis et oram solventibus bene precemur,

Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—

Of evil wishes, imprecations; with mala, male, etc., to curse, invoke evil upon:

neque, si umquam vobis mala precarer, morbum aut mortem aut cruciatum precarer,

Cic. Pis. 19, 43:

quod tibi evenit, ut omnes male precarentur,

id. ib. 14, 33:

(Ajax) mala multa precatus Atridis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 203:

male precari,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 11:

pergin' precari pessimo,

id. As. 2, 4, 71; cf.:

audisti quae malo principi precamur,

Plin. Pan. 94, 2.—( Act. form prĕco, āre, Prisc. p. 779 P.; partic. precatus, as passive, Juvenc. 3, 85; cf. Varr. ap. Non. 480, 27.)

consul (in the oldest inscrr. CONSOL, COSOL; abbrev. COS., also in plur. COSS., not before the time of the emperors), ŭlis, m. [prob. from root sal- of salio; Sanscr. sar-, go; hence also exsul, praesul, v. Corss. Ausspr. II. p. 71], a consul, one of the two highest magistrates of the Roman state, chosen annually, after the expulsion of the kings; cf. concerning his election, administration, duties, etc., Dict. Antiq., and the authors there cited (freq. in all periods and species of composition): qui recte consulat, consul cluat, Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 80 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 8; Quint. 1, 6, 32; Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 136: consul ordinarius, one who entered on his office at the regular time, viz. on the first of January; opp. consul suffectus, one chosen in the course of the year in the place of one who had died, or, after the time of the emperors, as a mere honorary title; v. ordinarius and sufficio: consul designatus, consul elect (so called in the interval between election, at the beginning of August, and entrance on his duties, on the 1st of January), v. designo: consul major, one who had the largest number of votes, or with whom the Fasces were, or one who was oldest (acc. to Nieb., orig. he who was of noble origin); cf. Fest. s. v. majorem consulem, p. 161, 31 Müll.;

after the Lex Julia,

who had most children, Gell. 2, 15, 4:

consulem creare,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 3; Caes. B. C. 3, 1 al.:

dicere,

Liv. 27, 6, 3:

facere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 1, 3; id. de Or. 2, 66, 268:

sufficere,

id. Mur. 38, 82 al.:

declarare,

id. Agr. 2, 2, 4 al.:

renuntiare,

id. Mur. 1, 1 al.:

aliquem consulem designare,

Amm. 21, 12, 25:

esse pro consule,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 212 al. In reference to the expression bis, iterum, ter, quater, etc.; tertio or tertium, etc, consul, v. the words bis, iterum, etc., and cf. Gell. 10, 1, 3 and 6.—

Esp.

In abl. with the names of the consuls (in the poets usu. of one consul), for the designation of the year: Orgetorix M. Messalá M. Pisone Coss., regni cupiditate inductus, etc., in the consulship of (i. e. in the year of Rome 693), Caes. B. G. 1, 2: is dies erat a. d. V. Kal. Apr. L. Pisone A. Gabinio Coss. (i. e. the 27th of March, 696 of the city), id. ib. 1, 6 fin.:

Romam venit Mario consule et Catulo,

Cic. Arch. 3, 5; id. Brut. 43, 161 al.:

amphora fumum bibere instituta Consule Tullo,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 12; 3, 14, 28; 3, 21, 1; id. Epod. 13, 6 al.; cf.:

Bibuli consulis amphora,

id. C. 3, 28, 8:

amphora centeno consule facta minor,

i. e. a hundred years old, Mart. 8, 45, 4.—

Sing., as collective term for the magistracy, the consuls, when the office is in view rather than the persons: quod populus in se jus dederit, eo consulem usurum;

non ipsos (sc. consules) libidinem ac licentiam suam pro lege habituros,

Liv. 3, 9, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.:

legatisque ad consulem missis,

id. 21, 52, 6 Heerw. ad loc.:

aliter sine populi jussu nullius earum rerum consuli jus est,

Sall. C. 29, 3.—

Meton.

A proconsul, Liv. 26, 33, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf. id. § 7; 31, 49, 4; Nep. Cato, 1, 3; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 6, 3, 2; Flor. 2, 14, 5; Eutr. 3, 14.—

The highest magistrate in other states:

consul Tusculanorum,

Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 136:

BARCINONENSIS,

Inscr. Grut. 4, 29, 9:

COLONLAE ASTIGITANAE,

ib. 351, 5; Aus. Clar. Urb. 14, 39.—

An epithet of Jupiter, Vop. Firm. 3; App. de Mundo, c. 25.—

Poet.:

est animus tibi... consul non unius anni,

continually fulfilling the duties of the highest magistracy, Hor. C. 4, 9, 39 Orell. ad loc.

prō-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to write before or in front of, to write over or upon, to inscribe.

In gen. (post-Aug.):

vultus voluntariā poenarum lege proscripti,

written over, inscribed, Petr. 107.—

In partic.

To publish any thing by writing (freq. and class.):

ut quo die esse oporteret idus Januarias, eo die Calendas Martias proscriberet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129:

quam (legem) non is promulgavit, quo nomine proscriptam videtis,

id. ib. 2, 5, 69, §

177: non proscriptā neque edictā die,

id. ib. 1, 54, 141:

venationem,

id. Att. 16, 4, 1:

leges,

Tac. A. 13, 51:

versiculos per vias,

Gell. 15, 4, 3.—

With obj.-clause:

senatum Calendis velle se frequentem adesse, etiam Formiis proscribi jussit,

Cic. Att. 9, 17, 1:

proscribit se auctionem esse facturum,

id. Quint. 4, 15; cf. Suet. Caes. 49.—

To offer in writing any thing for sale, lease, or hire, or as to be sold by auction, to post up, advertise:

proscribere palam sic accipimus, claris litteris, ut, etc.,

Dig. 14, 3, 11:

Racilius tabulam proscripsit, se familiam Catonianam venditurum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5:

Claudius proscripsit insulam, vendidit,

id. Off. 3, 16, 65.—

To publish a person as having forfeited his property, to punish with confiscation, to confiscate one's property (cf. publico):

quaero enim, quid sit aliud proscribere. Velitis, jubeatis, ut M. Tullius in civitate ne sit, bonaque ejus ut mea sint,

Cic. Dom. 17, 43:

Pompeium,

to confiscate the estates gained by him, id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

vicinos,

to confiscate the lands of one's neighbors, id. ib. 3, 4, 14:

possessiones,

id. ib.:

bona,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 5.—

To proscribe, outlaw one, by hanging up a tablet with his name and sentence of outlawry, confiscation of goods, etc.:

posteaquam victoria constituta est, cum proscriberentur homines, qui adversarii fuisse putabantur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

victoriā Sullae parentes,

Sall. C. 37, 9:

modus proscribendi,

Suet. Aug. 27.—Hence, P. a., as subst.: prōscriptus, i, an outlaw, one proscribed:

contra legem Corneliam, quae proscriptum juvari vetat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123:

proscriptorum liberos honores petere puduit,

Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 117:

in proscriptorum numero esse,

Sall. C. 51, 33:

bona proscriptorum,

id. H. 1, 31 Dietsch.—

Trop.:

cujus pudoris dignitas in concione proscripta sit,

has been brought into ill repute, rendered suspected, Petr. 106.

invītus, a, um, adj. [perh. for in-vicitus; cf. Sanscr. vaç-, to will; avaças, unwilling; Gr. hekôn, a-ekôn], against one ' s will, unwilling, reluctant (syn. coactus; class.).

Of persons:

invitus me vides,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 23:

ut viatores invitos consistere cogant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

soli hoc contingit sapienti, ut nihil faciat invitus, nihil dolens, nihil coactus,

Cic. Par. 5, 1:

ego eum a me invitissim us dimisi,

very unwillingly, very much against my will, id. Fam. 13, 63:

Berenicen ab urbe dimisit (Titus) invitus invitam,

Suet. Tit. 7:

trahit invitam nova vis,

Ov. M. 7, 19.— Abl. absol.: me (te, se, etc.) invito, against my ( your, his, etc.) will, in spite of me, without my consent:

vobis invitis,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 7:

si se invito transire conarentur,

against his will, Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

Sequanis invitis,

id. ib. 1, 9:

diis hominibusque invitis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2:

invito numine,

Verg. A. 10, 31:

invita Diana,

Ov. M. 8, 395: invitā Minervā, against one ' s natural bent, Hor. A. P. 385:

invita Minerva, id est adversante et repugnante natura,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110:

quod et illo et me invitissimo fiet,

altogether contrary both to his inclination and my own, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 9. — With ut:

invitus feci, ut L. Flaminium e senatu eicerem,

Cic. de Sen. 12, 42.—With gen.:

credidit, dominum non invitum fore hujus solutionis,

would not be ill pleased with this payment, Dig. 16, 3, 11.—

Of things:

invita in hoc loco versatur oratio,

Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 85:

invitae properes anni spem credere terrae,

Verg. G. 1, 224:

verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur,

Hor. A. P. 311:

dantur in invitos impia tura focos,

Ov. H. 14, 26:

lyra,

id. Am. 3, 9, 24:

ignes,

id. M. 8, 514:

oculis legere,

id. H. 18, 4; cf.:

vultu prospicere,

Val. Fl. 7, 575:

ope,

i. e. furnished involuntarily, Ov. P. 2, 1, 16:

invito sanguine,

Val. Fl. 3, 391. — Adv.: invītē, against one ' s will, unwillingly:

invite cepi Capuam,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4 (dub.).— Comp.:

invitius,

Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364.

mălĕvŏlus ( mălĭv-), a, um, adj. [male-volo], ill-disposed towards any one, disaffected, envious, spiteful, malevolent.

Adj. with dat., or in with acc. (class.):

si omnibus est malevolus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

Cato in me turpiter fuit malevolus,

id. Att. 7, 2, 7.— Transf., of things:

sermones,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 10.—

Substt.

Mă-lĕvŏlus, i, m., an ill-disposed person, a foe, an enemy:

omnium malevolorum, iniquorum, invidiosorum animos frangerem,

Cic. Balb. 25, 56:

et invidi et malevoli et lividi,

id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.—

Mălĕvŏla, ae, f., a female enemy, foe:

mea inimica et malevola,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 181.—Hence, mălĕvŏlē, adv., malevolently (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 68, Serm. 27.

mălĕvŏlus ( mălĭv-), a, um, adj. [male-volo], ill-disposed towards any one, disaffected, envious, spiteful, malevolent.

Adj. with dat., or in with acc. (class.):

si omnibus est malevolus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

Cato in me turpiter fuit malevolus,

id. Att. 7, 2, 7.— Transf., of things:

sermones,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 10.—

Substt.

Mă-lĕvŏlus, i, m., an ill-disposed person, a foe, an enemy:

omnium malevolorum, iniquorum, invidiosorum animos frangerem,

Cic. Balb. 25, 56:

et invidi et malevoli et lividi,

id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.—

Mălĕvŏla, ae, f., a female enemy, foe:

mea inimica et malevola,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 181.—Hence, mălĕvŏlē, adv., malevolently (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 68, Serm. 27.

mălĕvŏlus ( mălĭv-), a, um, adj. [male-volo], ill-disposed towards any one, disaffected, envious, spiteful, malevolent.

Adj. with dat., or in with acc. (class.):

si omnibus est malevolus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

Cato in me turpiter fuit malevolus,

id. Att. 7, 2, 7.— Transf., of things:

sermones,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 10.—

Substt.

Mă-lĕvŏlus, i, m., an ill-disposed person, a foe, an enemy:

omnium malevolorum, iniquorum, invidiosorum animos frangerem,

Cic. Balb. 25, 56:

et invidi et malevoli et lividi,

id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.—

Mălĕvŏla, ae, f., a female enemy, foe:

mea inimica et malevola,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 181.—Hence, mălĕvŏlē, adv., malevolently (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 68, Serm. 27.

mălĕvŏlus ( mălĭv-), a, um, adj. [male-volo], ill-disposed towards any one, disaffected, envious, spiteful, malevolent.

Adj. with dat., or in with acc. (class.):

si omnibus est malevolus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

Cato in me turpiter fuit malevolus,

id. Att. 7, 2, 7.— Transf., of things:

sermones,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 10.—

Substt.

Mă-lĕvŏlus, i, m., an ill-disposed person, a foe, an enemy:

omnium malevolorum, iniquorum, invidiosorum animos frangerem,

Cic. Balb. 25, 56:

et invidi et malevoli et lividi,

id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.—

Mălĕvŏla, ae, f., a female enemy, foe:

mea inimica et malevola,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 181.—Hence, mălĕvŏlē, adv., malevolently (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 68, Serm. 27.

mălĕvŏlus ( mălĭv-), a, um, adj. [male-volo], ill-disposed towards any one, disaffected, envious, spiteful, malevolent.

Adj. with dat., or in with acc. (class.):

si omnibus est malevolus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

Cato in me turpiter fuit malevolus,

id. Att. 7, 2, 7.— Transf., of things:

sermones,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 10.—

Substt.

Mă-lĕvŏlus, i, m., an ill-disposed person, a foe, an enemy:

omnium malevolorum, iniquorum, invidiosorum animos frangerem,

Cic. Balb. 25, 56:

et invidi et malevoli et lividi,

id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.—

Mălĕvŏla, ae, f., a female enemy, foe:

mea inimica et malevola,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 181.—Hence, mălĕvŏlē, adv., malevolently (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 68, Serm. 27.

rŭdis, e, adj. [cf. crudus], unwrought, untilled, unformed, unused, rough, raw, wild (cf. crudus): omnis fere materia non deformata, rudis appellatur, sicut vestimentum rude, non perpolitum: sic aes infectum rudusculum, Cincius ap. Fest. p. 265 Müll. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.:

terra (opp. restibilis),

Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 2; so,

terra,

id. ib. 1, 27, 2:

ager,

Col. 3, 11, 1:

campus,

Verg. G. 2, 211:

humus,

Ov. M. 5, 646:

rudis atque infecta materies,

Petr. 114, 13; cf.:

rudis indigestaque moles (Chaos),

Ov. M. 1, 7:

marmor,

Quint. 2, 19, 3:

saxum,

id. 9, 4, 27; cf.:

signa (de marmore coepto),

Ov. M. 1, 406:

aes (opp. signatum),

Plin. 33, 3, 13:

hasta,

rudely finished, ill-made, Verg. A. 9, 743; cf.:

novacula (with retusa),

Petr. 94, 14:

circumjectus parietum,

Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270:

caementum,

Tac. Or. 20 (with informes tegulae):

lana,

Ov. M. 6, 19:

textum,

rough, coarse, id. ib. 8, 640; so,

vestis,

id. F. 4, 659:

herba,

wild, Mart. 2, 90, 8: cf.

uva,

unripe, green, hard, id. 13, 68.— Neutr. plur. as subst.: detrahit doctrina aliquid, ut lima rudibus et cotes hebetibus, Quint. 2, 12, 8. —

Poet., transf., young, new (cf. integer):

illa (carina, sc. Argo) rudem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten,

untried, not yet sailed on, Cat. 64, 11;

hence, also, Argo,

Luc. 3, 193:

agna,

Mart. 9, 71, 6:

filia,

id. 7, 95, 8:

dextram cruore regio imbuit,

Sen. Troad. 217:

pannas,

new, Vulg. Matt. 9, 16. —

Trop., rude, unpolished, uncultivated, unskilled, awkward, clumsy, ignorant; hence (like ignarus), with gen., unacquainted with, inexperienced in, etc. (cf. imperitus).

Absol.:

consilium,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; cf.:

forma ingenii impolita et plane rudis,

Cic. Brut. 85, 294:

incohata ac rudia,

id. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

quae rudia atque imperfecta adhuc erant,

Quint. 3, 1, 7:

rudia et incomposita,

id. 9, 4, 17:

vox surda, rudis, immanis, dura, etc.,

id. 11, 3, 32:

modulatio,

id. 1, 10, 16; cf.:

modus (tibicinis),

Ov. A. A. 1, 111:

rude et Graecis intactum carmen,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 66:

stilus (with confusus),

Quint. 1, 1, 28; 12, 10, 3:

animi,

id. 1, 10, 9 (with agrestes);

1, 1, 36: adhuc ingenia,

id. 1, 2, 27; cf.

ingenium,

Hor. A. P. 410:

rudis fuit vita priscorum et sine litteris,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 284:

saeculum,

Quint. 2, 5, 23; 12, 11, 23; Tac. H. 1, 86:

anni,

i. e. young, early, Quint. 1, 1, 5; Tac. A. 13, 16 fin.; cf.:

adhuc aetas,

id. ib. 4, 8:

rudem me et integrum discipulum accipe et ea, quae requiro, doce,

Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7; Quint. 2, 3, 3; 3, 6, 83:

Aeschylus rudis in plerisque et incompositus,

id. 10, 1, 66:

tam eram rudis? tam ignarus rerum? etc.,

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; so (with ignarus) Quint. 1, 8, 4:

rudis ac stultus,

id. 11, 3, 76:

illi rudes homines primique,

id. 8, 3, 36; 10, 2, 5:

illi rudes ac bellicosi,

id. 1, 10, 20:

nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 54.—

With in and abl.:

cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, alii in disserendo rudes,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

(oratorem) nullā in re tironem ac rudem esse debere,

id. de Or. 1, 50, 218; (with hebes) id. ib. 1, 58, 248:

rudis in re publicā,

id. Phil. 6, 6, 17:

in causā,

id. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

in jure civili,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 40:

in minoribus navigiis,

id. ib. 1, 38, 174:

omnino in nostris poëtis,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

sermo nullā in re,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32.—With simple abl. (very rare):

Ennius ingenio maximus, arte rudis,

Ov. Tr. 2, 424:

arte,

Stat. Th. 6, 437:

studiis,

Vell. 2, 73, 1.—

With gen.:

imperiti homines rerum omnium rudes ignarique,

Cic. Fl. 7, 16:

dicat se non imperitum foederis, non rudem exemplorum, non ignarum belli fuisse,

id. Balb. 20, 47:

provinciae rudis,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

Graecarum litterarum,

id. Off. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

rei militaris,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

harum rerum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

artium,

Liv. 1, 7:

bonarum artium,

Tac. A. 1, 3:

facinorum,

id. ib. 12, 51:

agminum,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 9:

civilis belli,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 47; cf.:

bellorum (elephanti),

Flor. 4, 2, 67:

operum conjugiique,

Ov. F. 4, 336:

somni,

i. e. sleepless, id. M. 7, 213:

dicendi,

Tac. A. 1, 29.—

With ad (very rare):

rudem ad pedestria bella Numidarum gentem esse,

Liv. 24, 48, 5:

ad quae (spectacula) rudes tum Romani erant,

id. 45, 32, 10; 10, 22, 6; 21, 25, 6:

ad partus,

Ov. H. 11, 48:

ad mala,

id. P. 3, 7, 18:

rudes adhuc ad resistendum populos,

Just. 1, 1, 5:

rudis natio ad voluptates,

Curt. 6, 21, 9; 8, 8, 24.—

With dat. (very rare):

fontes rudes puellis,

i. e. strange, Mart. 6, 42, 4.—

With inf.:

nec ferre rudis medicamina,

Sil. 6, 90:

Martem rudis versare,

id. 8, 262.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.

rŭdis, is, f. ( abl. sing. rudi, Capitol. Opil. Macr. 4, 5), a slender stick or rod.

To stir with in cooking; a stirring-stick, spatula:

versato crebro duabus rudibus,

Cato, R. R. 79; so,

ferreae,

Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 170; cf. rudicula.—

A staff used by soldiers and gladiators in their exercises (perh. a wooden sword), answering to a quarter-staff, a foil (freq. and class.):

(milites) rudibus inter se in modum justae pugnae concurrerunt,

Liv. 26, 51; 40, 6 and 9 Drak. N. cr. (al. sudibus); Ov. Am. 2, 9, 22; id. A. A. 3, 515:

rudibus batuere,

Suet. Calig. 32.—Hence, transf.: PRIMA or SVMMA RVDIS (also in one word, SVMMARVDIS), the first or head fencer, the fencing-master, Inscr. Orell. 2575; 2584: SECVNDA RVDIS, the second fencer, the fencing-master ' s assistant, ib. 2573 sq.—A gladiator received such a rudis when honorably discharged (whence he was called rudiarius):

tam bonus gladiator rudem tam cito accepisti?

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74:

acceptā rude,

Juv. 6, 113:

essedario rudem indulgere,

Suet. Claud. 21.—And hence transf. to other persons who receive an honorable discharge:

tardā vires minuente senectā, Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat,

i. e. to dismiss, discharge, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 24; id. Am. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

spectatum satis et donatum jam rude,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 2 (v. Orell. ad h. l.):

ergo sibi dabit ipse rudem,

Juv. 7, 171; Mart. 3, 36, 10.