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1 ava-
2 prefix indicating something forbidden: avaquétima "not to be said, that must not be said", avanyárima "not to be told or related" WJ:370 3 prefix "without" ARsup2/sup, AWA. In some cases apparently used as a mere negation prefix: The form avalerya in VT41:6 is seemingly a negated form of the verb lerya- "release, set free"; the verb avalerya- is suggested to have the same meaning as the root KHAP = "bind, make fast, restrain, deprive of liberty". Likewise, the verb avalatya- from the same source seems to mean "to close, shut", this being a negated form of a verb *latya- "open" q.v. 4 vb with pa.t. avanë. This verb is not clearly glossed; apparently meaning refuse or prohibit WJ:370. Cf. áva, Avamanyar. What is seems to be more or less the same verb has its principal tenses listed with the ending -n I in VT49:13: aorist avan, present ávan ávëan, future auvan for older avuvan, past avanen or auvan, perfect avávien. In one version of the paradigm, the present tense ávëan and past avanen are marked as archaic/poetic forms. One text seemingly uses the pa.t.aunë in the sense was not, as a negative verb, but this may have been a short-lived idea of Tolkiens the text was revised. -
2 hilcin
"k" vb., glossed "it freezes" LT1:254; if this word is to be adapted to LotR-style Quenya, it would have to mean "I freeze", but the shape of this word seems somewhat alien to Tolkien's later forms of Quenya verbs with 1st person aorists in -in never have a consonant cluster immediately preceding this ending -
3 yav-
vb. "bear fruit" LT1:273, given in the form yavin and glossed "bears fruit"; this would have to mean "I bear fruit" in Tolkien's later Quenya: 1st pers. sg. aorist -
4 er-
"remain", verb LT1:269; given in the form erin and glossed "remains"; erin would have to mean "I remain" in Tolkien's later Quenya, if this word is to be adapted. However, the later synonym lemya- may be preferred. -
5 ye
1 singular personal relative pronoun "who", maybe also object "whom" plural form i. Compare the impersonal form ya. Also attested in the genitive and the ablative cases: yëo and yello, both translated "from whom" though the former would also mean *"whose, of whom". VT47:21 2 copula "is" FS, VT46:22; both earlier and later sources rather point to ná q.v. as the copula "is", so ye may have been an experiment Tolkien later abandoned. Future tense yéva, q.v. 3, also yé, prep. "as" VT43:16, struck out; in the text in question Tolkien finally settled on sívë, q.v. -
6 us-
vb. "escape" given in the form usin "he escapes" in LT1:251; this would have to mean "I escape" if the word is to be adopted to Tolkien's later Quenya. Cf. uswë. -
7 par-
vb. learn acquire information, not by experience or observation, but by communication, by the instruction, or by written accounts, of others. Paranyë apárien parmanen, I am learning have learnt by means of a book PE17:180. It may be that Tolkien at some point intended the root par- to mean write, cf. loiparë.
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