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1 critical housing shortage
Military: CRITHOUSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > critical housing shortage
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2 Housing
In a country with a chronic housing shortage, it is ironic that Portugal has preserved and restored one of Europe's finest collections of historic castles and palaces. For decades, well before the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal has endured a shortage of decent, affordable housing, whether rented or purchased, as well as the growth of sprawling urban shantytowns outside Lisbon, Oporto, and smaller towns such as Estoril. Known as bairros da lata, literally, "neighborhoods or boroughs of tin," these poorly constructed dwellings lack electricity, water, or sewage systems. The flimsy buildings are made of any kind of building materials, including sheets of galvanized tin that serve as roofs, walls, and doors. As of the early 1980s, it was estimated that there were at least 700,000 illegally constructed buildings in Portugal, some 200,000 of which were in the greater Lisbon area, an example of the worst kind of urban sprawl. Many of these structures were built on unused private lands or on public lands.Even after Portugal's economy began to benefit from membership in the European Economic Community (EEC; later the European Union), a significant portion of housing remained substandard, whether in rural or urban areas. By the early 1990s, electrification in rural areas was still not complete, and running water and sewage systems were lacking. As of the early 21st century, improvement in housing has occurred, but with population growth and the arrival of migrants from Europe, Brazil, and former colonies in Africa, the basic components of a housing crisis persist: shortage of decent rental or purchased housings; persistent urban shantytowns, which in some areas have expanded; and substandard living conditions.A majority of the Portuguese people (60 percent; and in Lisbon and Oporto, 80 percent) rent their housing. Improving or expanding such rental housing has been challenging in part because of rigid recent control laws that, between 1948 and 1985, tended to discourage either the maintenance and improvement or the construction of apartments. In suburbs outside Lisbon, large apartment houses were built after 1980 for the more prosperous new urbanites, but, as in the past, the supply of good, affordable housing lagged behind demand. Many Portuguese governments confronted and engaged the housing problem, and some excellent reforms were instituted. The contemporary housing crisis nevertheless persists and, after 2007, was complicated by the worldwide economic crisis. -
3 boligmangel
housing shortage. -
4 konut noksanlığı
housing shortage -
5 недостиг на станови
housing shortage -
6 станбена криза
housing shortage -
7 stambena kriza
• housing shortage -
8 crisis de vivienda
• housing shortage -
9 escasez de viviendas
• housing shortage -
10 asuntopula
• housing shortage -
11 nestašica stanova
• housing shortage -
12 oskudica u stanu
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13 brak mieszkań
• housing shortage -
14 głód mieszkaniowy
• housing shortage -
15 дефицит жилого фонда
Russian-English dictionary of construction > дефицит жилого фонда
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16 нехватка жилья
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17 дефицит жилого фонда
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > дефицит жилого фонда
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18 crise du logement
Dictionnaire juridique, politique, économique et financier > crise du logement
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19 konut noksanlığı
housing shortage -
20 lakáshiány
housing shortage
См. также в других словарях:
housing shortage — lack of available dwelling places … English contemporary dictionary
shortage — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ acute, chronic, critical, desperate, dire, serious, severe ▪ the current acute shortage of teachers ▪ … Collocations dictionary
shortage — short|age [ˈʃo:tıdʒ US ˈʃo:r ] n [U and C] a situation in which there is not enough of something that people need shortage of ▪ a shortage of skilled labour ▪ There is no shortage of funds. water/food/housing etc shortage ▪ efforts to solve the… … Dictionary of contemporary English
housing */*/*/ — UK [ˈhaʊzɪŋ] / US noun Word forms housing : singular housing plural housings 1) [uncountable] buildings for people to live in Land had to be found for new housing. There is a shortage of affordable housing. a) the job or activity of providing… … English dictionary
housing — hous|ing [ hauzıŋ ] noun uncount *** buildings for people to live in: Land had to be found for new housing. There is a shortage of affordable housing. a. the job or activity of providing houses for people: He works in housing. an integrated… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Housing Act of 1949 — Sprawling public housing projects like Chicago s Cabrini–Green were one result of the Housing Act of 1949. The American Housing Act of 1949 (Title V of P.L. 81 171) was a landmark, sweeping expansion of the federal role in mortgage insurance and… … Wikipedia
housing — Before 1949 housing was largely owned by private individuals or families. After the establishment of Mao’s socialist regime, however, almost all residential structures in the cities were nationalized. Each housing unit was divided into several… … Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture
Housing and Commerce Bank — The Housing and Commerce Bank was founded on 1994 01 01 under the name Housing Bank of Eritrea. It s original mission was to provide services to mitigate the acute housing shortage after the Eritrean War for Independence. The name was changed in… … Wikipedia
housing*/ — [ˈhaʊzɪŋ] noun [U] buildings for people to live in Land had to be found for new housing.[/ex] a housing shortage[/ex] … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
shortage — short‧age [ˈʆɔːtɪdʒ ǁ ˈʆɔːr ] noun [countable, uncountable] a situation in which there is not enough of something that people need or want: • We suffer from a labor shortage. • The real estate developer is facing an acute cash shortage. shortage… … Financial and business terms
Shortage economy — (Polish: gospodarka niedoboru , Hungarian: hiánygazdaság ) is a term coined by the Hungarian economist, János Kornai. This is a term he used to criticize the old centrally planned economies of the communist states of Eastern Europe. In his… … Wikipedia