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1 высокоразвитые отрасли промышленности
Русско-английский политический словарь > высокоразвитые отрасли промышленности
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2 industrieel
adj. industrial, pertaining to or involved in the production or distribution of goods; characterized by highly developed industries; used in production and manufacturing--------n. industrialist, one who is in favor of industries or industrialism -
3 nijverheids
adj. industrial, pertaining to or involved in the production or distribution of goods, characterized by highly developed industries; used in production and manufacturing -
4 hoch
hoch I adj GEN high (Preis, Schätzung, Steuer); exacting (Anspruch, Standard) • auf hohem Niveau stehend GEN sophisticated • einen hohen finanziellen Verlust erleiden FIN (infrml) take a cleaning • einen zu hohen Preis fordern FIN overprice • etw. auf die hohe Kante legen GEN (infrml) save for a rainy day, put sth aside for a rainy day • hohen Schadensersatz zusprechen RECHT adjudge heavy damages • in hohem Maße 1. GEN substantially, to a large extent, heavily; 2. STEUER heavily • mit hohen Ansprüchen an handwerkliches Geschick PERS skill-intensive (Aufgabe, Arbeit) hoch II adv GEN highly, heavily • hoch automatisiert BANK highly automated • hoch belastet BANK, GRUND, RW heavily mortgaged • hoch besteuert STEUER high-duty • hoch bezahlt PERS high-paid, highly paid • hoch differenziert GEN sophisticated • hoch entwickelt 1. GEN advanced, sophisticated; 2. IND high-stream • hoch profiliert V&M high-profile • hoch qualifiziert PERS highly qualified, highly skilled • hoch technisiert COMP, IND sophisticated • hoch verschuldet BANK heavily in debt* * *adj < Geschäft> Preis, Schätzung, Steuer high, Anspruch, Standard exacting ■ auf hohem Niveau stehend < Geschäft> sophisticated ■ einen hohen finanziellen Verlust erleiden < Finanz> take a cleaning infrml ■ einen zu hohen Preis fordern < Finanz> overprice ■ etw. auf die hohe Kante legen infrml < Geschäft> save for a rainy day, put sth aside for a rainy day ■ hohen Schadensersatz zusprechen < Recht> adjudge heavy damages ■ in hohem Maße 1. < Geschäft> substantially, to a large extent, heavily; 2. < Steuer> heavily ■ mit hohen Ansprüchen an handwerkliches Geschick < Person> Aufgabe, Arbeit skill-intensiveadv < Geschäft> highly, heavily ■ hoch automatisiert < Bank> highly automated ■ hoch begabt < Person> highly gifted, highly talented ■ hoch belastet <Bank, Grund, Rechnung> heavily mortgaged ■ hoch besteuert < Steuer> high-duty ■ hoch bezahlt < Person> high-paid, highly paid ■ hoch differenziert < Geschäft> sophisticated ■ hoch entwickelt 1. < Geschäft> advanced, sophisticated; 2. < Ind> high-stream ■ hoch gestellt < Geschäft> Persönlichkeit top-ranking ■ hoch profiliert <V&M> high-profile ■ hoch qualifiziert < Person> highly skilled ■ hoch technisiert <Comp, Ind> sophisticated ■ hoch verschuldet < Bank> heavily in debt* * *hoch
(im Preis) high, hard;
• übermäßig hoch (Preise) stiff;
• unbestimmt hoch open-end;
• effektiv zu hoch definitely too high;
• hoch angesehen of high repute (standing), highly respected;
• hoch besteuert heavily taxed, heavy-duty;
• hoch bezahlt highly paid;
• hoch empfindlich (Foto) rapid;
• hoch entwickelt highly developed, advanced;
• hoch gelegen high-lying;
• hoch gestellt of high rank;
• hoch industrialisiert highly industrial;
• hoch komfortabel luxurious, with all modern conveniences;
• hoch im Kurs (Wertpapiere) up;
• hoch liquide highly liquid, cash-rich;
• hoch im Preis dear, high[-priced], hard, steep, expensive;
• hoch qualifiziert highly qualified, high-calibre (Br.) (-level, -potential);
• hoch rentierlich high-coupon;
• hoch stehend distinguished, high-ranking, (Papiere) high-priced, (Preis) high;
• gesellschaftlich hoch stehend of high social standing, great;
• hoch technisiert high-technological;
• hoch technologisch high-tech;
• hoch verschuldet greatly indebted;
• zu hoch bemessen to overassess, to overrate;
• sich dauernd hoch halten (Kurse) to continue high;
• hoch zu stehen kommen to cost dear;
• ziemlich hoch sein (Preise, Kurse) to be on the high side;
• hoch besteuert sein to be highly rated (heavily taxed);
• hoch im Kurse stehen to rule high;
• hoch gewertet werden to take a high rank;
• hoch bezahlter Beamter highly-paid executive (US);
• hoch stehender Beamter high official;
• hoch qualifizierte Erzeugnisse high-class goods;
• hoch technologisches Fachwissen high-tech know-how;
• hoch geschraubte Forderungen exaggerated demands;
• technisch hoch entwickelte Industriezweige high-technology industries;
• hoch industrialisierte Länder fully industrialized countries;
• hoch technologische Neuerungen high-tech innovations;
• hoch gestellte Persönlichkeit high-up (coll.), very important person (VIP);
• hoch stehende Persönlichkeiten top drawer (sl.);
• hoch rentierliche Staatsobligationen high-yield government bonds;
• hoch dotierte Stellung highly paid job;
• hoch qualifizierte Verkaufstechnik high-pressure salesmanship. -
5 ключевая отрасль
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > ключевая отрасль
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6 Blumlein, Alan Dower
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace, Broadcasting, Electronics and information technology, Photography, film and optics, Recording, Telecommunications[br]b. 29 June 1903 Hampstead, London, Englandd. 7 June 1942[br]English electronics engineer, developer of telephone equipment, highly linear electromechanical recording and reproduction equipment, stereo techniques, video and radar technology.[br]He was a very bright scholar and received a BSc in electrical technology from City and Guilds College in 1923. He joined International Western Electric (later to become Standard Telephone and Cables) in 1924 after a period as an instructor/demonstrator at City and Guilds. He was instrumental in the design of telephone measuring equipment and in international committee work for standards for long-distance telephony.From 1929 Blumlein was employed by the Columbia Graphophone Company to develop an electric recording cutterhead that would be independent of Western Electric's patents for the system developed by Maxfield and Harrison. He attacked the problems in a most systematic fashion, and within a year he had developed a moving-coil cutterhead that was much more linear than the iron-cored systems known at the time. Eventually Blumlein designed a complete line of recording equipment, from microphone and through-power amplifiers. The design was used by Columbia; after the merger with the Gramophone Company in 1931 to form Electrical and Musical Industries Ltd (later known as EMI) it became the company standard, certainly for coarse-groove records, until c.1950.Blumlein became interested in stereophony (binaural sound), and developed and demonstrated a complete line of equipment, from correctly placed microphones via two-channel records and stereo pick-ups to correctly placed loudspeakers. The advent of silent surfaces of vinyl records made this approach commercial from the late 1950s. His approach was independent and quite different from that of A.C. Keller.His extreme facility for creating innovative solutions to electronic problems was used in EMI's development from 1934 to 1938 of the electronic television system, which became the BBC standard of 405 lines after the Second World War, when television broadcasting again became possible. Independent of official requirements, EMI developed a 60 MHz radar system and Blumlein was involved in the development of a centimetric radar and display system. It was during testing of this aircraft mounted equipment that he was killed in a crash.[br]BibliographyBlumlein was inventor or co-inventor of well over 120 patents, a complete list of which is to be found in Burns (1992; see below). The major sound-recording achievements are documented by British patent nos. 350,954, 350,998, 363,627 (highly linear cutterhead, 1930) and 394,325 (reads like a textbook on stereo technology, 1931).Further ReadingThe definitive biography of Blumlein has not yet been written; the material seems to have been collected, but is not yet available. However, R.W.Burns, 1992, "A.D.Blumlein, engineer extraordinary", Engineering Science and Education Journal (February): 19– 33 is a thorough account. Also B.J.Benzimra, 1967, "A.D. Blumlein: an electronics genius", Electronics \& Power (June): 218–24 provides an interesting summary.GB-N -
7 Shoenberg, Isaac
[br]b. 1 March 1880 Kiev, Ukrained. 25 January 1963 Willesden, London, England[br]Russian engineer and friend of Vladimir Zworykin; Director of Research at EMI, responsible for creating the team that successfully developed the world's first all-electronic television system.[br]After his initial engineering education at Kiev Polytechnic, Shoenberg went to London to undertake further studies at the Royal College of Science. In 1905 he returned to Russia and rose to become Chief Engineer of the Russian Wireless Telegraphy Company. He then returned to England, where he was a consultant in charge of the Patent Department and then joint General Manager of the Marconi Wireless Telegraphy Company (see Marconi). In 1929 he joined the Columbia Graphophone Company, but two years later this amalgamated with the Gramophone Company, by then known as His Master's voice (HMV), to form EMI (Electric and Musical Industries), a company in which the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) had a significant shareholding. Appointed Director of the new company's Research Laboratories in 1931, Shoenberg gathered together a team of highly skilled engineers, including Blumlein, Browne, Willans, McGee, Lubszynski, Broadway and White, with the objective of producing an all-electronic television system suitable for public broadcasting. A 150-line system had already been demonstrated using film as the source material; a photoemissive camera tube similar to Zworykin's iconoscope soon followed. With alternate demonstrations of the EMI system and the mechanical system of Baird arranged with the object of selecting a broadcast system for the UK, Shoenberg took the bold decision to aim for a 405-line "high-definition" standard, using interlaced scanning based on an RCA patent and further developed by Blumlein. This was so successful that it was formally adopted as the British standard in 1935 and regular broadcasts, the first in the world, began in 1937. It is a tribute to Shoenberg's vision and the skills of his team that this standard was to remain in use, apart from the war years, until finally superseded in 1985.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1954. Institution of Electrical Engineers Faraday Medal 1954.Further ReadingA.D.Blumlein et al., 1938, "The Marconi-EMI television system", Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 83:729 (provides a description of the development of the 405-line system).For more background information, see Proceedings of the International Conference on the History of Television. From Early Days to the Present, November 1986, Institution of Electrical Engineers Publication No. 271.KF
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