hastas+c

scūtum, i, n. ( masc. collat. form scū-tus, Turp. ap. Non. 226, 13) [skutos].

An oblong shield, made of boards fastened together, and covered with leather, a buckler (whereas clipeus denotes a round shield, target of metal; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 18):

scutum pro clipeo,

Liv. 1, 43: pedestre, of the infantry, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 14; 9, 13, 16; Liv. 6, 8; 7, 10:

equestria,

of the cavalry, id. 43, 6:

ad galeas induendas scutisque tegimenta detrahenda tempus defuit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

scutis ex cortice factis aut viminibus intextis,

id. ib. 2, 33:

sublato scuto,

id. B. C. 2, 35:

abjecto scuto fugere,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54:

ut non modo non abjecto, sed ne rejecto quidem scuto fugere videar,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

scutum reliquisse praecipuum flagitium,

Tac. G. 6:

hastas et scuta reclinant,

Verg. A. 12, 130:

fulgentia,

id. ib. 8, 93:

longa,

id. ib. 8, 539; Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 73; Liv. 7, 26; 38, 17:

erectum altius,

Amm. 24, 4, 4.—

Transf., heavyarmed soldiers, men bearing shields (late Lat.):

oppidum, ordine circumdatum trino scutorum, oppugnabat,

Amm. 24, 4, 10:

Agilo, scutorum densitate contectus,

id. 21, 12, 18 al. —

Trop., a shield, i. e. a defence, protection, sheiter, safeguard (rare):

sed ne quod tamen scutum dare in judicio viderentur eis, quos, etc.,

Cic. Tull. 18, 43:

scuto vobis magis quam gladio opus est,

Liv. 3, 53 fin. (for which, just before:

praesidia libertatis non licentiae ad impugnandos alios): Fabius novam de Hannibale victoriam commentus est, non pugnare. Hinc illud ex populo, ut Imperii scutum vocaretur,

Flor. 2, 6, 27; cf.:

Deus, scutum meum,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 22, 3:

scutum fidei,

id. Eph. 6, 16.

scūtum, i, n. ( masc. collat. form scū-tus, Turp. ap. Non. 226, 13) [skutos].

An oblong shield, made of boards fastened together, and covered with leather, a buckler (whereas clipeus denotes a round shield, target of metal; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 18):

scutum pro clipeo,

Liv. 1, 43: pedestre, of the infantry, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 14; 9, 13, 16; Liv. 6, 8; 7, 10:

equestria,

of the cavalry, id. 43, 6:

ad galeas induendas scutisque tegimenta detrahenda tempus defuit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

scutis ex cortice factis aut viminibus intextis,

id. ib. 2, 33:

sublato scuto,

id. B. C. 2, 35:

abjecto scuto fugere,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54:

ut non modo non abjecto, sed ne rejecto quidem scuto fugere videar,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

scutum reliquisse praecipuum flagitium,

Tac. G. 6:

hastas et scuta reclinant,

Verg. A. 12, 130:

fulgentia,

id. ib. 8, 93:

longa,

id. ib. 8, 539; Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 73; Liv. 7, 26; 38, 17:

erectum altius,

Amm. 24, 4, 4.—

Transf., heavyarmed soldiers, men bearing shields (late Lat.):

oppidum, ordine circumdatum trino scutorum, oppugnabat,

Amm. 24, 4, 10:

Agilo, scutorum densitate contectus,

id. 21, 12, 18 al. —

Trop., a shield, i. e. a defence, protection, sheiter, safeguard (rare):

sed ne quod tamen scutum dare in judicio viderentur eis, quos, etc.,

Cic. Tull. 18, 43:

scuto vobis magis quam gladio opus est,

Liv. 3, 53 fin. (for which, just before:

praesidia libertatis non licentiae ad impugnandos alios): Fabius novam de Hannibale victoriam commentus est, non pugnare. Hinc illud ex populo, ut Imperii scutum vocaretur,

Flor. 2, 6, 27; cf.:

Deus, scutum meum,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 22, 3:

scutum fidei,

id. Eph. 6, 16.

torno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [tornus], to turn in a lathe, to round off.

Lit. (class.;

syn. rotundo): idque ita tornavit (deus), ut nihil effici possit rotundius,

Cic. Univ. 6:

sphaeram,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

hastas,

Plin. 11, 39, 93, § 227:

lapis qui tornatur in vasa,

id. 36, 22, 44, § 159:

turbines columnarum,

id. 36, 13, 19, § 90.—

Transf., to turn, fashion, smooth (very rare):

male tornati versus, Hor.A.P. 441: barbam,

i.e. to stroke, Hier. Ep. 50, 2. — P. a. comp.:

tornatioris eloquii,

Aug. de Catechiz. 8.

torquĕo, torsi, tortum, 2 (archaic inf. torquerier, Hor. S. 2, 8, 67), v. a. [Gr. trepô, to turn; cf. atrekês; also Sanscr. tarkus; Gr. atraktos, a spindle; and strephô, to twist], to turn, turn about or away; to twist, bend, wind (class.; syn. converto).

Lit.

In gen.:

cervices oculosque,

Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39:

oculum,

to roll, distort, id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

ora,

to twist awry, id. Off. 1, 36, 131:

ab obscenis sermonibus aurem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 127:

oculos ad moenia,

Verg. A. 4, 220:

ad sonitum vocis vestigia,

id. ib. 3, 669:

serpens squamosos orbes Torquet,

Ov. M. 3, 42; cf.

anguis,

Verg. G. 3, 38:

capillos ferro,

i. e. to curl, frizzle, Ov. A. A. 1, 505:

stamina pollice,

id. M. 12, 475:

remis aquas,

id. F. 5, 644:

spumas,

Verg. A. 3, 208:

taxos in arcus,

to bend, id. G. 2, 448:

tegumen torquens immane leonis,

winding about him, id. A. 7, 666:

cum terra circum axem se convertat et torqueat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

torta circum bracchia vestis,

Tac. H. 5, 22.—

In partic.

To whirl around, to whirl in the act of throwing, to wield, brandish, to fling with force, to hurl (mostly poet.):

torquet nunc lapidem, nunc ingens machina tignum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 73:

amnis torquet sonantia saxa,

Verg. A. 6, 551:

stuppea torquentem Balearis verbera fundae,

id. G. 1, 309:

jaculum in hostem,

id. A. 10, 585; Ov. M. 12, 323: hastam in hunc, id. ib 5, 137;

for which: hastam alicui,

Val. Fl. 3, 193:

telum aurata ad tempora,

Verg. A. 12, 536:

tela manu,

Ov. M. 12, 99:

valido pila lacerto,

id. F. 2, 11:

glebas, ramos,

id. M. 11, 30:

cum fulmina torquet (Juppiter),

Verg. A. 4, 208;

and trop.: cum Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,

id. ib. 9, 671; cf.:

Eurus nubes in occiduum orbem,

Luc. 4, 63.—In prose:

torquere amentatas hastas lacertis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 242.—

To twist awry, misplace, turn aside, distort:

negat sibi umquam, cum oculum torsisset, duas ex lucernā flammulas esse visas,

Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

ora Tristia temptantum sensu (sapor) torquebit amaro,

Verg. G. 2, 247.—

To wrench the limbs upon the rack, to put to the rack or to the torture, to rack, torture (class.):

ita te nervo torquebo, itidem uti catapultae solent,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 12:

eculeo torqueri,

Cic. Fin. 3, 13, 42:

aliquem servilem in modum,

Suet. Aug. 27; cf.:

ira torquentium,

Tac. A. 15, 57:

servum in caput domini,

against his master, Dig. 48, 18, 1: vinctus tortusve, [p. 1880] Suet. Aug. 40 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to twist, wrest, distort, turn, bend, direct (a favorite expression of Cicero):

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

torquere et flectere imbecillitatem animorum,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

oratio ita flexibilis, ut sequatur, quocumque torqueas,

id. Or. 16, 52:

omnia ad suae causae commodum,

id. Inv. 2, 14, 46:

verbo ac litterā jus omne torqueri,

wrested, perverted, id. Caecin. 27, 77:

sonum,

to inflect, Auct. Her. 3, 14, 25:

cuncta tuo qui bella, pater, sub numine torques,

Verg. A. 12, 180:

versare sententias, et huc atque illuc torquere,

Tac. H. 1, 85.—

In partic. (acc. to A. 2.), to rack, torment, torture (syn.:

ango, crucio): tuae libidines te torquent,

Cic. Par. 2, 18:

mitto aurum coronarium, quod te diutissime torsit,

id. Pis. 37, 90: acriter nos tuae supplicationes torserunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 1:

equidem dies noctesque torqueor,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4:

verbi controversia jam diu torquet Graeculos homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47; 3, 9, 33:

stulti malorum memoriā torquentur,

id. Fin. 1, 17, 57:

sollicitudine, poenitentia, etc., torquetur mens,

Quint. 12, 1, 7:

invidiā vel amore vigil torquebere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 37; Ov. H. 20, 123:

torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat,

id. ib. 9, 36; cf. Hor. S. 2, 8, 67:

Aeacus torquet umbras,

holds inquisition over, Juv. 1, 9.— Transf.: (reges) dicuntur torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborant, qs. to rack with wine, i. e. to try or test with wine, Hor. A. P. 435; so,

vino tortus et irā,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 38.—

To hurl, fling (of language):

curvum sermone rotato enthymema,

Juv. 6, 449.—Hence, tortus, a, um, P. a., twisted, crooked, contorted, distorted.

Lit.:

via (labyrinthi),

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 42:

quercus,

i. e. a twisted oakgarland, Verg. G. 1, 349.—Hence,

Subst.: torta, ae, f., a twisted loaf, a twist, Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 3. —

Trop.:

condiciones,

confused, complicated, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 25. — Adv.: tortē, awry, crookedly:

torte penitusque remota,

Lucr. 4, 305 (329).

vī̆bro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [cf. Sanscr. vip, to tremble].

Act., to set in tremulous motion, to move rapidly to and fro, to brandish, shake, agitate (class.; syn.: quatio, ventilo).

Lit.:

hastas ante pugnam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 325:

hastam,

id. Off. 2, 8, 29:

flamina vestes,

to cause to flutter, Ov. M. 1, 528:

faces,

Claud. Epith. 97:

multifidas linguas (draco),

Val. Fl. 1, 61:

tremor vibrat ossa,

makes tremble, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 152:

viscera vibrantur (equitando),

are shaken about, Tac. A. 12, 51:

impositus scuto more gentis et sustinentium umeris vibratus, dux eligitur,

id. H. 4, 15:

digitis vibratis jactare sententias,

Quint. 11, 3, 120:

thyrsum manu,

Sen. Oedip. 420:

serpens squalidum crista caput vibrans,

id. Herc. Oet. 1254.— Poet.:

vibrata flammis aequora,

i. e. glimmering, sparkling, Val. Fl. 8, 306:

crines vibrati,

i. e. curled, frizzled, Verg. A. 12, 100; Plin. 2, 78, 80, § 189.—

Mid.: sic mea vibrari pallentia membra videres,

Ov. H. 11, 77.—

Transf., to throw with a vibratory motion, to launch, hurl:

sicas et spargere venena,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 23:

conferti et quasi cohaerentes tela vibrare non poterant,

Curt. 3, 11, 4:

tremulum excusso jaculum lacerto,

Ov. H. 4, 43:

per auras spicula,

id. M. 8, 374:

fulmina (Juppiter),

id. ib. 2, 308; cf.:

vibratus ab aethere fulgor,

Verg. A. 8, 524:

jaculum ex arborum ramis vibrari,

Plin. 8, 23, 35, § 85. —

Trop.

Of language, to fling, hurl, launch:

truces vibrare iambos,

Cat. 36, 5; cf. 2. vibratus, II.—

To threaten:

tela undique mortem vibrantia,

Amm. 31, 13, 2. —

Neutr., to be in tremulous motion, etc.

Lit.

In gen., to shake, quiver, vibrate, tremble:

linguā vibrante (serpentis),

Lucr. 3, 657; Ov. M. 3, 34:

terrae motus non simplici modo quatitur, sed tremit vibratque,

Plin. 2, 80, 82, § 194.—

Of the voice or sounds, to tremble:

(haec vox) sonat adhuc et vibrat in auribus meis,

Sen. Prov. 3, 3; cf.:

sonus lusciniae vibrans,

Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82:

querelā adhuc vibrante,

Val. Max. 5, 3, 2:

ejusmodi fabulae vibrabant,

Petr. 47.—

To glimmer, glitter, gleam, scintillate, etc.:

mare, quā a sole collucet, albescit et vibrat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 105: signa, Flor. 3, 11:

in tremulo vibrant incendia ponto,

Sil. 2, 664; Val. Fl. 2, 583; 2, 342; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 2.—Of bright weapons:

juvenes Tela tenent dextrā lato vibrantia ferro,

Ov. M. 8, 342:

gladius,

Verg. A. 9, 769; cf.:

clipeum Vibranti medium cuspis transverberat ictu,

id. ib. 10, 484.—

Trop., of language:

cujus (Demosthenis) non tam vibrarent fulmina illa, nisi numeris contorta ferrentur,

would not have been hurled with such vigor, Cic. Or. 70, 234; cf.:

oratio incitata et vibrans,

id. Brut. 95, 326:

sententiae,

Quint. 10, 1, 60; 11, 3, 120. —Hence, vĭbrātus, a, um, P. a., impetuous, forcible:

iambus flammis fulminis vibratior,

Aus. Ep. 21, 5.

vĭrĭdo, āre, 1, v. a. and n. [id.].

Act., to make green, cause to grow green:

hastas floribus,

Val. Fl. 6, 136:

vada subnatis viridentur ab herbis,

become green, Ov. Hal. 90.—More freq.,

Neutr., in the part. pres. viridans, growing green, green, verdant:

cingit viridanti tempora lauro,

Verg. A. 5, 539:

herbae,

Lucr. 2, 33; 5, 1396:

hedera,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 117; cf.:

proximus ut viridante toro consederat herbae,

Verg. A. 5, 388:

gemmae,

Plin. 37, 8, 34, § 113:

color,

Lucr. 5, 785.

vīto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for vicito; root vic-; Gr. Wik in eikô, to yield; cf. ichnos, trace], to shun, seek to escape, avoid, evade (class.; syn.: fugio, effugio).

Lit.:

tela,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

hastas, spicula,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 18:

lacum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 24 fin.:

rupem et puteum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 135:

aequora,

id. C. 1, 14, 20:

forum,

id. Epod. 2, 7:

balnea,

id. A. P. 298:

sapiens, vitatu quidque petitu Sit melius, causas reddet tibi,

id. S. 1, 4, 115:

insidias,

Phaedr. 1, 19, 2:

periculosum lucrum,

id. 5, 4, 8:

vitataque traxit in arma,

Ov. M. 13, 39.—

Trop.

With acc.:

vitia,

Cic. Rep. 2, 5, 10; Hor. S. 1, 2, 24:

vituperationem,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 44:

omnes suspitiones,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20 fin.:

periculum,

id. B. C. 1, 70:

mortem fugā,

id. B. G. 5, 20:

proditionem celeritate,

Sall. J. 76, 1:

culpam,

Hor. A. P. 267:

se ipsum,

to shun one's self, be tired of one's own company, id. S. 2, 7, 113:

impatientiam nauseae,

Suet. Calig. 23.—

With dat. (Plautin.):

infortunio,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 19; id. Poen. prol. 25:

huic verbo,

id. Cas. 2, 2, 35:

malo,

Petr. 82.—

With ne:

erit in enumeratione vitandum, ne, etc.,

Cic. Part. Or. 17, 60:

ne experiatur,

Cels. 2, 17.—

With inf.:

tangere vitet Scripta,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 16.