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1 hardware abstraction layer
"A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms."English-Arabic terms dictionary > hardware abstraction layer
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2 hardware tree
A record in RAM of the current system configuration based on the information for all devices in the hardware branch of the registry. The hardware tree is created each time the system is started or whenever a dynamic change occurs to the system configuration. -
3 hardware branch
"The hardware archive root key in the registry that is a superset of the memory-resident hardware tree. Although the hardware tree contains information only about those devices currently detected and running in the system, the registry contains a complete list of all hardware ever installed on the particular computer. The hardware root key is \\HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE\Hardware." -
4 system management interrupt
An interrupt generated by the host-controller-emulation hardware when a universal serial bus (USB) keyboard or mouse data is received and steered by the host controller hardware to a System Management Interrupt (SMI) or the standard host controller interrupt.English-Arabic terms dictionary > system management interrupt
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5 hardware locking
"The act of forcing a computer into Hardware Locked Mode (HLM), where the computer is not under the control of the operating system; instead, the boot sequence is stopped at a firmware screen and the user is told to call customer support. Hardware Locked Mode (HLM) prevents the use of a computer in the case of tampering or default on the agreement with the customer." -
6 system volume
"The first volume that is accessed when a computer starts up. This volume contains the hardware-specific files that are required to load Windows and includes the computer's boot manager (for loading multiple operating systems). Generally, the system volume can be, but is not required to be, the same volume as the operating system volume." -
7 system partition
"The partition that contains the hardware-specific files needed to load Windows (for example, Ntldr, Osloader, Boot.ini, Ntdetect.com). The system partition can be, but does not have to be, the same as the boot partition." -
8 hardware
"The physical components of a computer system, including any peripheral equipment such as printers, modems, and mouse devices." -
9 system requirements
"A minimum hardware configuration of a computer (typically relates to CPU speed and type, size of RAM, free space on hard disk, and presence of other devices such as sound card, CD-ROM, etc.) needed to run a software program on it." -
10 system rating
A number that gives a general indication of the performance capability of your computer's hardware. -
11 Hardware Locked Mode
"A mode in which the computer is not under the control of the operating system; rather, the boot sequence is halted at a firmware screen and the user is told to call customer support." -
12 System Information
"A program that shows details about a computer's hardware configuration, computer components, and software, including drivers." -
13 basic input/output system
"The set of essential software routines that test computer hardware at startup, start the operating system, and support the transfer of information between hardware devices. The BIOS is stored in read-only memory (ROM) so that it can be run when the computer is turned on. Although critical to performance, the BIOS is usually invisible to computer users."نظام الإدخال/الإخراج الأساسي -
14 operating system
"The software that controls the allocation and usage of hardware resources such as memory, central processing unit (CPU) time, disk space, and peripheral devices. The operating system is the foundation on which programs are built." -
15 virtual machine
"A software implementation of a computer that emulates a complete hardware system, from processor to network card, in a self-contained, isolated software environment, enabling the simultaneous operation of otherwise incompatible operating systems." -
16 HAL
"A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms." -
17 configuration
"In reference to a single microcomputer, the sum of a system's internal and external components, including memory, disk drives, keyboard, video, and generally less critical add-on hardware, such as a mouse, modem, or printer. Software (the operating system and various device drivers), the user's choices established through configuration files such as the AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files on IBM PCs and compatibles, and sometimes hardware (switches and jumpers) are needed to ""configure the configuration"" to work correctly. Although system configuration can be changed, as by adding more memory or disk capacity, the basic structure of the system--its architecture--remains the same." -
18 emulate
For a hardware or software system to behave in the same manner as another hardware or software system.يقلّد -
19 kernel
"The core of layered architecture that manages the most basic operations of the operating system and the computer's processor. The kernel schedules different blocks of executing code, called threads, for the processor to keep it as busy as possible and coordinates multiple processors to optimize performance. The kernel also synchronizes activities among Executive-level subcomponents, such as I/O Manager and Process Manager, and handles hardware exceptions and other hardware-dependent functions. The kernel works closely with the hardware abstraction layer." -
20 power management
"Mechanisms in software and hardware to minimize system power consumption, manage system thermal limits, and maximize system battery life. Power management involves trade-offs among system speed, noise, battery life, processing speed, and power consumption."
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