gronov

sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

for steterant,

Verg. A. 3, 110;

steterint,

id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.

Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).

Causative, with acc.

To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

Verg. G. 2, 489:

tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

Stat. Th. 7, 393:

(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

Verg. A. 2, 245:

aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

victima Sistitur ante aras,

Ov. M. 15, 132:

quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

Verg. A. 8, 85:

post haec Sistitur crater,

Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —

To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

terrā sistēre petitā,

id. ib. 3, 635:

(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

Verg. A. 6, 676:

ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

hic siste patrem,

Sen. Phoen. 121:

Annam huc siste sororem,

Verg. A. 4, 634.—

To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

aciem in litore sistit,

Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

Tac. H. 3, 21.—

Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

Cic. Att. 3, 25:

te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 853.—

With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

omnia salva sistentur tibi,

all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

tutum patrio te limine sistam,

will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Pelasgis siste levem campum,

Stat. Th. 8, 328:

modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—

Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—

As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

id. 4, 415:

incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

Ov. M. 1, 307. —

As jurid. term.

In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

Gai. 4, 184:

fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

id. ib. 6, 25:

quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

Liv. 3, 45, 3:

interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

Gell. 7, 1, 10:

si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

Dig. 2, 11, 11:

si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

ib. 2, 9, 5:

sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

ib. 2, 9, 6:

cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

ib. 2, 6, 4:

si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—

Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

vadimonium sistit,

Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—

Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —

Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—

Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

Tac. A. 15, 72:

cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

id. ib. 4 37:

at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

id. ib. 15, 18:

monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

id. H. 4, 53:

sistere monumenta,

Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.

Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.

Causative (rare;

perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

v. sto),

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—

Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—

Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.

Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.

Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).

To stand still:

solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

sistunt amnes,

Verg. G. 1, 479:

incurrit, errat, sistit,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—

To remain, stop:

Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—

Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

depunge, ubi sistam,

Pers. 6, 79:

nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—

To cease (dub.):

hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—

Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).

To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.

With gradum:

plano sistit uterque gradum,

arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

siste properantem gradum,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

repente sistunt gradum,

Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—

With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

fugam foedam siste,

Liv. 1, 12, 5:

si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—

Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

esseda siste,

Prop. 2, 1, 76:

equos,

Verg. A. 12, 355:

quadrijugos,

Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—

With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

exercitus iter sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 50.—

With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—

Of living objects, in gen.

To arrest their course, make them halt:

aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

Tac. H. 2, 23:

festinantia sistens Fata,

staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

aliquem cuspide,

Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

cervum vulnere sistere,

id. 2, 78.—

To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

Liv. 1, 37, 3:

ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

id. 10, 14, 18:

nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

Curt. 5, 3, 11:

nec sisti poterant scandentes,

Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —

Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

Tac. A. 3, 52.—

To arrest the motion of fluids.

Of water:

sistere aquam fluviis,

Verg. A. 4, 489:

amnis, siste parumper aquas,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

quae concita flumina sistunt,

id. M. 7, 154:

sistito infestum mare,

calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—

Of blood and secretions:

(ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

sanguinem,

Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

fluctiones,

id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

nomas,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

mensis,

id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

vomitiones,

id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

alvum bubus,

id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

alvum,

stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

ventrem,

id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—

To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

ille oculos sistit,

Stat. Th. 2, 539.—

To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

querelas,

Ov. M. 7, 711:

fletus,

id. ib. 14, 835:

lacrimas,

id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

minas,

id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

opus,

id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

labores,

id. ib. 5, 490:

furorem,

Stat. Th. 5, 663:

furialem impetum,

Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

Ov. M. 14, 803:

antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

id. F. 4, 387:

sitim sistere,

to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

ruinas,

to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

ventum,

to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

(motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—

Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

Tac. H. 2, 11:

dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —

Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).

Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

Liv. 2, 29, 8:

si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

id. 3, 9, 8:

vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—

Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.

Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—

In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

Liv. 39, 13, 8:

stato loco statisque diebus,

id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

stato lustri die,

Sen. Troad. 781:

status sacrificii dies,

Flor. 1, 3, 16:

statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

stato tempore,

Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

stata tempora (partus),

Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

stata quinquennia,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

stata sacra,

Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

stata foedera,

id. ib. 11, 380:

status flatus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

stati cursus siderum,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—

Moderate, average, normal:

inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

as-sĕquor ( ads-, Fleck., B. and K., Halm), sĕcūtus (or sĕquutus; v. sequor), 3, v. dep., to follow one in order to come up to him, to pursue.

A.. In gen. (only ante-class. in the two foll. exs.): ne sequere, adsequere, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 73 Müll.:

Adsequere, retine,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 89.—Far more freq.,

Esp., to reach one by pursuing him:

sequendo pervenire ad aliquem: nec quicquam sequi, quod adsequi non queas,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Hence, to overtake, come up with a person or thing (with the idea of active exertion; while consequi designates merely a coming up with, a meeting with a desired object, the attainment of a wish; cf. Doed. Syn. III. p. 147 sq. According to gen. usage, adsequor is found only in prose;

but consequor is freq. found in the poets): si es Romae jam me adsequi non potes, sin es in viā, cum eris me adsecutus, coram agemus,

Cic. Att. 3, 5; [p. 178] poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 94:

Pisonem nuntius adsequitur,

Tac. A. 2, 75.—In the histt. also absol.:

ut si viā rectā vestigia sequentes īssent, haud dubie adsecuturi fuerint,

Liv. 28, 16:

in Bruttios raptim, ne Gracchus adsequeretur, concessit,

id. 24, 20:

nondum adsecutā parte suorum,

arrived, id. 33, 8; Tac. H. 3, 60.—

Trop.

To gain, obtain, procure:

eosdem honorum gradus adsecuti,

Cic. Planc. 25, 60:

immortalitatem,

id. ib. 37, 90:

omnes magistratus sine repulsā,

id. Pis. 1, 2; so Sall. J. 4, 4:

regnum,

Curt. 4, 6 al.:

nihil quicquam egregium,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134; id. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

quā in re nihil aliud adsequeris, nisi ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 96:

adsecutas virtute, ne, etc.,

Just. 2, 4.—

To attain to one in any quality, i. e. to come up to, to equal, match; more freq. in regard to the quality itself, to attain to:

Sisenna Clitarchum velle imitari videtur: quem si adsequi posset, aliquantum ab optimo tamen abesset,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2 fin.:

benevolentiam tuam erga me imitabor, merita non adsequar,

id. Fam. 6, 4 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 4 fin.:

qui illorum prudentiam, non dicam adsequi, sed quanta fuerit perspicere possint,

id. Har. Resp. 9, 18:

ingenium alicujus aliquā ex parte,

Plin. Ep. 4, 8, 5: ut longitudo aut plenitudo harum multitudinem alterius adsequatur et exaequet, Auct. ad Her. 4, 20.—

Transf. to mental objects, to attain to by an effort of the under standing, to comprehend, understand:

ut essent, qui cogitationem adsequi possent et voluntatem interpretari,

Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 139:

quibus (ratione et intellegentiā) utimur ad eam rem, ut apertis obscura adsequamur,

id. N. D. 3, 15, 38:

ut scribas ad me, quid ipse conjecturā adsequare,

id. Att. 7, 13 A fin.:

Quis tot ludibria fortunae... aut animo adsequi queat aut oratione complecti?

Curt. 4, 16, 10; Sex. Caecil. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 5:

quid istuc sit, videor ferme adsequi,

Gell. 3, 1, 3:

visum est et mihi adsecuto omnia a principio diligenter ex ordine tibi scribere,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 3:

adsecutus es meam doctrinam,

ib. 2 Tim. 3, 10; ib. 1 Tim. 4, 6.

► Pass. acc. to Prisc. p. 791 P., but without an example; in Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73 fin., instead of the earlier reading, it is better to read, ut haec diligentia nihil eorum investigare, nihil adsequi potuerit; cf. Zumpt ad h. l., and Gronov. Observ. 1, 12, 107; so also B. and K.

aestĭmo (arch. aestŭ-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [from aes, with the termination -tumo, which also appears in autumo; cf.: legitumus, finitumus, maritumus; later, legitimus, finitimus, maritimus; compare the Goth. aistjan, to estimate].

To determine or estimate the extrinsic ( money) value of a thing, to value, rate, appraise; constr. with gen. or abl. (v. of price, Zumpt. §§

444 and 456): domum emit prope dimidio carius quam aestimabat,

Cic. Dom. 44:

frumentum III denariis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 92:

aliquid tenuissime,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

prata magno,

id. Par. 6, 3:

perfecit (Aratus) aestimandis possessionibus, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 23, 82; hence, litem alicui or alicujus, to estimate the value of an object in question, and thus determine how much the convicted person shall pay, to estimate or assess the damages; cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 38, and Beier ad Cic. Oratt. Fragm. Exc. IV. p. 265; Cic. Verr. l. l.—

Trop., to estimate the intrinsic ( moral) worth of a thing, to weigh, value, hold, etc. (while existimare, as a consequence of aestimare, signifies to judge a thing in any way after estimating its value: ex pretio rei judicare; cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 3, 4; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 17; Corte and Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 41; 34, 2; and aestimator).— Constr.

That which serves as a standard by which a thing is estimated with ex or the abl.:

vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimant,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10:

aliquem ex artificio comico,

id. ib.:

cum in Aquitaniam pervenisset, quae pars, ex tertiā parte Galliae est aestimanda, etc.,

i. e. is to be reckoned as a third part, Caes. B. G. 3, 20:

amicitias inimicitiasque non ex re, sed ex commodo,

Sall. C. 10, 5.—With simple abl.:

virtutem annis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48: aliquid vitā, to measure a thing by life, i. e. to hold it as dear as life, Curt. 5, 5:

nec Macedonas veteri famā, sed praesentibus viribus aestimandos,

Just. 30, 4.—

The value attached to a thing in estimating it, in the gen. or abl. pretii (cf. I.); poet. also with acc. nihil:

auctoritatem alicujus magni,

Cic. Att. 7, 15: quod non minoris aestimamus quam quemlibet triumphum, Nep. Cat. 1:

aliquid unius assis,

Cat. 5, 2:

aliquid permagno,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

non magno,

id. Fin. 3, 3, 11; so id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8:

non nihilo aestimandum,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 62:

magno te aestimaturum,

Liv. 40, 55:

magno aestimantibus se,

id. 40, 41. And with definite numerals which give the price-current for which a thing may be had; cf. Zumpt. § 456; Sall. Fragm. p. 974 Corte:

denis in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimari,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

emori nolo, sed me esse mortuum nihil aestimo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15.—

Among the histt. with a rel. clause.:

aestimantibus, quanta futuri spe tam magna tacuisset,

Tac. Agr. 18 fin.:

quantopere dilectus sit, facile est aestimare,

Suet. Aug. 57 (but in Sall. J. 31, 19, the correct read. is existumabitis, Dietsch).

aestĭmo (arch. aestŭ-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [from aes, with the termination -tumo, which also appears in autumo; cf.: legitumus, finitumus, maritumus; later, legitimus, finitimus, maritimus; compare the Goth. aistjan, to estimate].

To determine or estimate the extrinsic ( money) value of a thing, to value, rate, appraise; constr. with gen. or abl. (v. of price, Zumpt. §§

444 and 456): domum emit prope dimidio carius quam aestimabat,

Cic. Dom. 44:

frumentum III denariis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 92:

aliquid tenuissime,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

prata magno,

id. Par. 6, 3:

perfecit (Aratus) aestimandis possessionibus, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 23, 82; hence, litem alicui or alicujus, to estimate the value of an object in question, and thus determine how much the convicted person shall pay, to estimate or assess the damages; cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 38, and Beier ad Cic. Oratt. Fragm. Exc. IV. p. 265; Cic. Verr. l. l.—

Trop., to estimate the intrinsic ( moral) worth of a thing, to weigh, value, hold, etc. (while existimare, as a consequence of aestimare, signifies to judge a thing in any way after estimating its value: ex pretio rei judicare; cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 3, 4; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 17; Corte and Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 41; 34, 2; and aestimator).— Constr.

That which serves as a standard by which a thing is estimated with ex or the abl.:

vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimant,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10:

aliquem ex artificio comico,

id. ib.:

cum in Aquitaniam pervenisset, quae pars, ex tertiā parte Galliae est aestimanda, etc.,

i. e. is to be reckoned as a third part, Caes. B. G. 3, 20:

amicitias inimicitiasque non ex re, sed ex commodo,

Sall. C. 10, 5.—With simple abl.:

virtutem annis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 48: aliquid vitā, to measure a thing by life, i. e. to hold it as dear as life, Curt. 5, 5:

nec Macedonas veteri famā, sed praesentibus viribus aestimandos,

Just. 30, 4.—

The value attached to a thing in estimating it, in the gen. or abl. pretii (cf. I.); poet. also with acc. nihil:

auctoritatem alicujus magni,

Cic. Att. 7, 15: quod non minoris aestimamus quam quemlibet triumphum, Nep. Cat. 1:

aliquid unius assis,

Cat. 5, 2:

aliquid permagno,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

non magno,

id. Fin. 3, 3, 11; so id. Tusc. 3, 4, 8:

non nihilo aestimandum,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 62:

magno te aestimaturum,

Liv. 40, 55:

magno aestimantibus se,

id. 40, 41. And with definite numerals which give the price-current for which a thing may be had; cf. Zumpt. § 456; Sall. Fragm. p. 974 Corte:

denis in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimari,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

emori nolo, sed me esse mortuum nihil aestimo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15.—

Among the histt. with a rel. clause.:

aestimantibus, quanta futuri spe tam magna tacuisset,

Tac. Agr. 18 fin.:

quantopere dilectus sit, facile est aestimare,

Suet. Aug. 57 (but in Sall. J. 31, 19, the correct read. is existumabitis, Dietsch).

Argŏs, n. (only nom. and acc.), more freq. in the plur. Argi, ōrum, m. (Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.: Graecanice hoc Argos, cum Latine Argei; cf. Prob. p. 1447 P.; Phocae Ars, p. 1707 P.), = Argos.

A.. Argos, the capital of Argolis, in the Peloponnesus, sacred to Juno, also called Argos Hippium and Argos Dipsium or Inachium, Plin. 4, 5, 9; 7, 56, 57; cf.

Mann. Gr. p. 641 sq.: quaerit Argos Amymonen,

Ov. M. 2, 240; so id. ib. 6, 414; Hor. C. 1, 7, 9:

securum per Argos,

Ov. H. 14, 34; so Luc. 10, 60:

patriis ab Argis Pellor,

Ov. M. 14, 476; 15, 164; Verg. A. 7, 286; Hor. S. 2, 3, 132; id. Ep. 2, 2, 128; id. A. P. 118; Liv. 34, 25 et saep.—The acc. Argos, occurring in the histt., is best considered as plur., since the sing. seems rather to belong to the poets and geographers (e. g. Plin. above cited); cf. Daehne and Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 1.—

Poet., Argos is sometimes put for the whole of Greece, Luc. 10, 60.—Hence,

Derivv., the adjj.,

1.. Argīvus, a, um (i. e. ArgiFus from ArgeiFos, like Achivus from Achaios), of Argos, Argive, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 53:

Argivus orator,

Cic. Brut. 13, 50:

augur,

i.e. Amphiaraus, Hor. C. 3, 16, 12 [p. 159] — An epithet of Juno (as in the Iliad Argeia is an appel. of Here) as tutelary goddess of Argos, Verg. A. 3, 547.—

Poet. for Greek or Grecian in gen.:

castra,

Verg. A. 11, 243:

phalanx,

id. ib. 2, 254:

ensis,

id. ib. 2, 393:

Thalia,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 25 (cf. id. ib. 2, 16, 38: Graja Camena).—And so Argivi for the Greeks:

classis Argivūm,

Verg. A. 1, 40; 5, 672; Hor. C. 3, 3, 67; Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 4.—

Without digamma, Argēus ( Argī-), a, um, Argive or Grecian:

Argia sacerdos,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 47, 113 (B. and K., Argiva): Tibur Argeo positum colono (cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 670), Hor. C. 2, 6, 5 K. and H.; so,

Tibur Argeum,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 46 Merk. —

Argŏlis, ĭdis, f., = Argolis.

Argive:

Alcmene,

Ov. M. 9, 276:

puppis,

id. R. Am. 735.—

Subst. (sc. terra), the province of Argolis, in Peloponnesus, Plin. 4 prooem.; Mel. 2, 3.—Hence, Argŏlĭ-cus, a, um, adj., = Argolikos, Argolic:

sinus,

Plin. 4, 5, 9, § 17:

mare,

Verg. A. 5, 52:

urbes,

id. ib. 3, 283:

leo,

the Nemean lion, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1932 al. —Also Grecian in gen.:

duces,

the Grecian leaders in the Trojan war, Ov. M. 12, 627:

classis,

id. ib. 13, 659 al.—

Argus, a, um, adj., Argive:

Argus pro Argivus, Plaut. Am. (prol. 98): Amphitruo natus Argis ex Argo patre,

Non. p. 487, 31. (So the much-contested passage seems to be better explained than when, with Gronov. Observv. 4, 298, Argo is considered as abl. from Argos, begotten of a father from Argos, to which Argis in the plur. does not correspond.)

Argŏs, n. (only nom. and acc.), more freq. in the plur. Argi, ōrum, m. (Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.: Graecanice hoc Argos, cum Latine Argei; cf. Prob. p. 1447 P.; Phocae Ars, p. 1707 P.), = Argos.

A.. Argos, the capital of Argolis, in the Peloponnesus, sacred to Juno, also called Argos Hippium and Argos Dipsium or Inachium, Plin. 4, 5, 9; 7, 56, 57; cf.

Mann. Gr. p. 641 sq.: quaerit Argos Amymonen,

Ov. M. 2, 240; so id. ib. 6, 414; Hor. C. 1, 7, 9:

securum per Argos,

Ov. H. 14, 34; so Luc. 10, 60:

patriis ab Argis Pellor,

Ov. M. 14, 476; 15, 164; Verg. A. 7, 286; Hor. S. 2, 3, 132; id. Ep. 2, 2, 128; id. A. P. 118; Liv. 34, 25 et saep.—The acc. Argos, occurring in the histt., is best considered as plur., since the sing. seems rather to belong to the poets and geographers (e. g. Plin. above cited); cf. Daehne and Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 1.—

Poet., Argos is sometimes put for the whole of Greece, Luc. 10, 60.—Hence,

Derivv., the adjj.,

1.. Argīvus, a, um (i. e. ArgiFus from ArgeiFos, like Achivus from Achaios), of Argos, Argive, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 53:

Argivus orator,

Cic. Brut. 13, 50:

augur,

i.e. Amphiaraus, Hor. C. 3, 16, 12 [p. 159] — An epithet of Juno (as in the Iliad Argeia is an appel. of Here) as tutelary goddess of Argos, Verg. A. 3, 547.—

Poet. for Greek or Grecian in gen.:

castra,

Verg. A. 11, 243:

phalanx,

id. ib. 2, 254:

ensis,

id. ib. 2, 393:

Thalia,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 25 (cf. id. ib. 2, 16, 38: Graja Camena).—And so Argivi for the Greeks:

classis Argivūm,

Verg. A. 1, 40; 5, 672; Hor. C. 3, 3, 67; Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 4.—

Without digamma, Argēus ( Argī-), a, um, Argive or Grecian:

Argia sacerdos,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 47, 113 (B. and K., Argiva): Tibur Argeo positum colono (cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 670), Hor. C. 2, 6, 5 K. and H.; so,

Tibur Argeum,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 46 Merk. —

Argŏlis, ĭdis, f., = Argolis.

Argive:

Alcmene,

Ov. M. 9, 276:

puppis,

id. R. Am. 735.—

Subst. (sc. terra), the province of Argolis, in Peloponnesus, Plin. 4 prooem.; Mel. 2, 3.—Hence, Argŏlĭ-cus, a, um, adj., = Argolikos, Argolic:

sinus,

Plin. 4, 5, 9, § 17:

mare,

Verg. A. 5, 52:

urbes,

id. ib. 3, 283:

leo,

the Nemean lion, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1932 al. —Also Grecian in gen.:

duces,

the Grecian leaders in the Trojan war, Ov. M. 12, 627:

classis,

id. ib. 13, 659 al.—

Argus, a, um, adj., Argive:

Argus pro Argivus, Plaut. Am. (prol. 98): Amphitruo natus Argis ex Argo patre,

Non. p. 487, 31. (So the much-contested passage seems to be better explained than when, with Gronov. Observv. 4, 298, Argo is considered as abl. from Argos, begotten of a father from Argos, to which Argis in the plur. does not correspond.)

as-sĕquor ( ads-, Fleck., B. and K., Halm), sĕcūtus (or sĕquutus; v. sequor), 3, v. dep., to follow one in order to come up to him, to pursue.

A.. In gen. (only ante-class. in the two foll. exs.): ne sequere, adsequere, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 73 Müll.:

Adsequere, retine,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 89.—Far more freq.,

Esp., to reach one by pursuing him:

sequendo pervenire ad aliquem: nec quicquam sequi, quod adsequi non queas,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Hence, to overtake, come up with a person or thing (with the idea of active exertion; while consequi designates merely a coming up with, a meeting with a desired object, the attainment of a wish; cf. Doed. Syn. III. p. 147 sq. According to gen. usage, adsequor is found only in prose;

but consequor is freq. found in the poets): si es Romae jam me adsequi non potes, sin es in viā, cum eris me adsecutus, coram agemus,

Cic. Att. 3, 5; [p. 178] poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 94:

Pisonem nuntius adsequitur,

Tac. A. 2, 75.—In the histt. also absol.:

ut si viā rectā vestigia sequentes īssent, haud dubie adsecuturi fuerint,

Liv. 28, 16:

in Bruttios raptim, ne Gracchus adsequeretur, concessit,

id. 24, 20:

nondum adsecutā parte suorum,

arrived, id. 33, 8; Tac. H. 3, 60.—

Trop.

To gain, obtain, procure:

eosdem honorum gradus adsecuti,

Cic. Planc. 25, 60:

immortalitatem,

id. ib. 37, 90:

omnes magistratus sine repulsā,

id. Pis. 1, 2; so Sall. J. 4, 4:

regnum,

Curt. 4, 6 al.:

nihil quicquam egregium,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134; id. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

quā in re nihil aliud adsequeris, nisi ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 96:

adsecutas virtute, ne, etc.,

Just. 2, 4.—

To attain to one in any quality, i. e. to come up to, to equal, match; more freq. in regard to the quality itself, to attain to:

Sisenna Clitarchum velle imitari videtur: quem si adsequi posset, aliquantum ab optimo tamen abesset,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2 fin.:

benevolentiam tuam erga me imitabor, merita non adsequar,

id. Fam. 6, 4 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 4 fin.:

qui illorum prudentiam, non dicam adsequi, sed quanta fuerit perspicere possint,

id. Har. Resp. 9, 18:

ingenium alicujus aliquā ex parte,

Plin. Ep. 4, 8, 5: ut longitudo aut plenitudo harum multitudinem alterius adsequatur et exaequet, Auct. ad Her. 4, 20.—

Transf. to mental objects, to attain to by an effort of the under standing, to comprehend, understand:

ut essent, qui cogitationem adsequi possent et voluntatem interpretari,

Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 139:

quibus (ratione et intellegentiā) utimur ad eam rem, ut apertis obscura adsequamur,

id. N. D. 3, 15, 38:

ut scribas ad me, quid ipse conjecturā adsequare,

id. Att. 7, 13 A fin.:

Quis tot ludibria fortunae... aut animo adsequi queat aut oratione complecti?

Curt. 4, 16, 10; Sex. Caecil. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 5:

quid istuc sit, videor ferme adsequi,

Gell. 3, 1, 3:

visum est et mihi adsecuto omnia a principio diligenter ex ordine tibi scribere,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 3:

adsecutus es meam doctrinam,

ib. 2 Tim. 3, 10; ib. 1 Tim. 4, 6.

► Pass. acc. to Prisc. p. 791 P., but without an example; in Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73 fin., instead of the earlier reading, it is better to read, ut haec diligentia nihil eorum investigare, nihil adsequi potuerit; cf. Zumpt ad h. l., and Gronov. Observ. 1, 12, 107; so also B. and K.

ăvĕo, ēre, v. a. [from Sanscr. av, to love, to wish; to satisfy one's self, to be content, to do or fare well], to wish, desire earnestly, to long for, crave (syn.: volo, cupio): avere nihil aliud est quam cupere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 14 Müll.: ab ludis animus atque aures avent Avide exspectantes nuntium, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 70 (Trag. v. 70 Vahl.).—Constr. with inf., acc., and absol.

With inf.:

te imitari aveo,

Lucr. 3, 6:

Illud in his quoque te rebus cognoscere avemus,

id. 2, 216:

res exponere,

id. 4, 778:

rationem reddere,

id. 3, 259:

discedere aventes,

id. 4, 1203:

Non est mihi tempus aventi Ponere signa novis praeceptis,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 1; 2, 6, 99:

propiusque accedere aventi figere pectora,

Ov. M. 2, 503:

valde aveo scire quid agas,

Cic. Att. 1, 15; 2, 18; id. Fin. 2, 14, 46; id. Off. 1, 4, 13; id. Div. 1, 6, 11:

Jam mens praetrepidans avet vagari,

Cat. 46, 7:

avet (ara) spargier agno,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 7:

ipsum L. Paulum omnium oculi conspicere urbem curru ingredientem avent,

Liv. 45, 39, 8; 33, 32, 8; Col. 3, 21, 6:

avebat animus antire statimque memorare exitus,

Tac. A. 4, 71; 12, 36.—

With acc.:

quia semper aves quod abest, praesentia temnis,

Lucr. 3, 957; so id. 3, 1082; 3, 1083:

parto, quod avebas,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 94:

aveo genus legationis ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 15, 11 fin. (acc. to conj. of Gronov.; so B. and K.; v. Orell. ad h. l.); Sil. 9, 371.—

Absol.:

Et mora, quae fluvios passim refrenat aventes,

which restrains the eager river, Lucr. 6, 531, where Lachm. and Munro read euntīs:

Talem dira sibi scelerisque dolique ministram Quaerit avens,

Val. Fl. 2, 123; Aur. Vict. Caes. 3.—

Avens = libens, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7.— ăventer, adv., eagerly, earnestly (post - class.), Sid. Ep. 2, 2; v. Amm. 18, 5 and 19.

ăvĕo (or, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 21, hă-vĕo; cf. Spald. ad l. l. and Schneid. Gr. 1, p. 185), ēre, v. n. [v. 1. aveo init. ], to be or fare well; except once in Mamert., used only in the imper. ave, aveto, avete, and inf. avere, as a form of salutation, both at meeting and separating, like salve and chaire (hence, Fest. p. 13 explains it by gaudeo).

In gen., Hail! God bless thee, farewell! adieu (prob. not used by Cic.): Caesar simulatque, Have, mihi dixit, statim exposuit, [p. 214] i. e. had saluted me, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 4:

numquam dicis Ave, sed reddis etc.,

Mart. 3, 95, 1:

Ave! gratiā plena, Dominus tecum!

Vulg. Luc. 1, 28:

Jesus occurrit illis dicens Avete!

ib. Matt. 28, 9.—

In mock homage (eccl. Lat.): dixit Ave! Rabbi,

Vulg. Matt. 26, 49; 27, 29; ib. Marc. 15, 18; ib. Joan. 19, 3.—Haveto at the end of a letter, Cato ap. Sall. C. 35, 6; and Ave at the beginning, August. ap. Gell. 15, 7, 3:

Marcus avere jubet,

Mart. 3, 5, 10 al. —

Esp.

As a morning greeting (diff. from vale, a greeting at separating in the evening; cf. Suet. Galb. 4:

ut liberti servique mane salvere, vesperi valere sibi singuli dicerent): et matutinum portat ineptus ave,

Mart. 1, 56, 6; 1, 56, 109 fin.; 4, 79, 4; 7, 39, 2.—

As a farewell to the dead, = vale: Atque in perpetuom, frater, ave atque vale, *Cat. 101, 10;

and so frequently in inscriptions,

Inscr. Orell. 2663; 4732; 4734; 4735;

4742. But in Martial avere is distinguished, as a greeting to the living, from valere, a greeting to the dead: Jam satis est, Afer: non vis avere: vale!

Mart. 9, 7, 4. And thus the ambiguity of avere in the anecdote in Suet. Claud. 21 is to be explained: Emissurus (Claudius) Fucinum lacum naumachiam ante commisit. Sed cum proclamantibus naumachiariis, Ave ( farewell), Imperator, morituri te salutant: respondisset, Avete vos (i. e. as dying), neque post hanc vocem, quasi venia data (since they interpreted the exclamation as live!), quisquam dimicare vellet, etc.—

As a mere expression of goodwill (eccl. Lat.):

nec Ave ei dixeritis,

nor bid him God-speed, Vulg. 2 Joan. 10, 11.

.. cum is avere jubeat, qui jam fecit, ut averem, Mamert. Grat. Act. ad Julian.

căpĭtālis, e, adj. [caput].

Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —

Transf.

Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:

periculum,

peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:

caedis,

id. Most. 2, 2, 44:

morbus,

endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—

Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:

accusare aliquem rei capitalis,

of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,

id. Sen. 12, 42:

cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,

Liv. 3, 13, 4:

reus rerum capitalium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:

manifesti rerum capitalium,

Sall. C. 52 fin.:

rerum capitalium condemnati,

id. ib. 36, 2:

damnati,

Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:

in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

crimen,

id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.

flagitia,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:

maleficia,

Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:

judex rei capitalis,

Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:

capitalium rerum vindices,

Sall. C. 55 al.:

fraudem admittere,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

causae,

Quint. 8, 3, 14:

judicia,

id. 4, 1, 57:

noxa,

Liv. 3, 55, 5:

poenā afficere aliquem,

Suet. Caes. 48:

condemnare,

id. Dom. 14:

animadversione punire,

id. Aug. 24:

supplicio incesta coërcere,

id. Dom. 8:

capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

supplicium,

Curt. 3, 2, 17:

capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,

Fest. p. 50:

judicium trium virorum capitalium,

who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death ( real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:

capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,

Fest. p. 37: capital kephalikê timôria, Vet. Gloss.

Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:

quique non paruerit capital esto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:

praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,

Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:

degredi viā capital leges fecere,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—

Capitale:

capitale est obicere anteacta,

Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—

Plur.:

capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:

capitalia ausi plerique,

Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—

Trop.:

inimicus,

a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:

hostis,

a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

adversarius,

id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:

odium,

id. Lael. 1, 2:

ira,

Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:

inimicitiae,

Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:

minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,

very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:

capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,

id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:

totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,

id. Sen. 12, 39.—

That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:

Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,

a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. — Comp.:

hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,

more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:

lacessere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:

odisse,

mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,

As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.

căpĭtālis, e, adj. [caput].

Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —

Transf.

Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:

periculum,

peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:

caedis,

id. Most. 2, 2, 44:

morbus,

endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—

Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:

accusare aliquem rei capitalis,

of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,

id. Sen. 12, 42:

cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,

Liv. 3, 13, 4:

reus rerum capitalium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:

manifesti rerum capitalium,

Sall. C. 52 fin.:

rerum capitalium condemnati,

id. ib. 36, 2:

damnati,

Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:

in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

crimen,

id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.

flagitia,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:

maleficia,

Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:

judex rei capitalis,

Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:

capitalium rerum vindices,

Sall. C. 55 al.:

fraudem admittere,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

causae,

Quint. 8, 3, 14:

judicia,

id. 4, 1, 57:

noxa,

Liv. 3, 55, 5:

poenā afficere aliquem,

Suet. Caes. 48:

condemnare,

id. Dom. 14:

animadversione punire,

id. Aug. 24:

supplicio incesta coërcere,

id. Dom. 8:

capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

supplicium,

Curt. 3, 2, 17:

capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,

Fest. p. 50:

judicium trium virorum capitalium,

who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death ( real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:

capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,

Fest. p. 37: capital kephalikê timôria, Vet. Gloss.

Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:

quique non paruerit capital esto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:

praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,

Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:

degredi viā capital leges fecere,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—

Capitale:

capitale est obicere anteacta,

Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—

Plur.:

capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:

capitalia ausi plerique,

Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—

Trop.:

inimicus,

a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:

hostis,

a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

adversarius,

id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:

odium,

id. Lael. 1, 2:

ira,

Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:

inimicitiae,

Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:

minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,

very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:

capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,

id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:

totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,

id. Sen. 12, 39.—

That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:

Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,

a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. — Comp.:

hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,

more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:

lacessere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:

odisse,

mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,

As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.

căpĭtālis, e, adj. [caput].

Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —

Transf.

Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:

periculum,

peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:

caedis,

id. Most. 2, 2, 44:

morbus,

endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—

Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:

accusare aliquem rei capitalis,

of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,

id. Sen. 12, 42:

cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,

Liv. 3, 13, 4:

reus rerum capitalium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:

manifesti rerum capitalium,

Sall. C. 52 fin.:

rerum capitalium condemnati,

id. ib. 36, 2:

damnati,

Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:

in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

crimen,

id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.

flagitia,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:

maleficia,

Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:

judex rei capitalis,

Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:

capitalium rerum vindices,

Sall. C. 55 al.:

fraudem admittere,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

causae,

Quint. 8, 3, 14:

judicia,

id. 4, 1, 57:

noxa,

Liv. 3, 55, 5:

poenā afficere aliquem,

Suet. Caes. 48:

condemnare,

id. Dom. 14:

animadversione punire,

id. Aug. 24:

supplicio incesta coërcere,

id. Dom. 8:

capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

supplicium,

Curt. 3, 2, 17:

capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,

Fest. p. 50:

judicium trium virorum capitalium,

who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death ( real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:

capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,

Fest. p. 37: capital kephalikê timôria, Vet. Gloss.

Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:

quique non paruerit capital esto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:

praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,

Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:

degredi viā capital leges fecere,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—

Capitale:

capitale est obicere anteacta,

Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—

Plur.:

capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:

capitalia ausi plerique,

Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—

Trop.:

inimicus,

a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:

hostis,

a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

adversarius,

id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:

odium,

id. Lael. 1, 2:

ira,

Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:

inimicitiae,

Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:

minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,

very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:

capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,

id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:

totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,

id. Sen. 12, 39.—

That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:

Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,

a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. — Comp.:

hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,

more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:

lacessere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:

odisse,

mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,

As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.

circŭlātim, adv. [circulor], circularly, in a circle (post-Aug. and rare).

Prop.:

pectori circulatim cerotaria apponere,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 29, 153; id. Tard. 1, 4, 91; Petr. 67 Gronov. (Büch circumlatum).—

Fig., in circles, groups, or companies: multitudo circulatim suo quaeque more lamentata est, * Suet. Caes. 84 fin.

con-tŭmēlĭa (post-class. access. form contŭmĭa, Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; cf.: contumia contumelia, Gloss. Isid.), ae, f. [from a root tem, whence also temno, contemno, and contumax; cf. Dig. 47, 10, 1], abuse, insult, affront, reproach, invective, contumely (cf.: injuria, hubris; very freq. and class. in sing. and plur.):

contumelia a contemptu dicta est, quia nemo nisi quem contempsit, tali injuriā notat,

Sen. Const. 11, 2: patior facile injuriam, si est vacua a contumeliā, Pac. ap. Non. p. 430, 16; cf.

Caecil. ib.: contumeliam alteri facere,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 82; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 79; cf. id. Eun. 5, 2, 26:

contumeliam dicere alicui,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 33; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 29; Liv. 25, 22, 13:

contumeliam si dicis, audies,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 77:

jacere in aliquem,

Cic. Sull. 7, 23:

meretricum perpeti,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 3; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 96:

in se accipere,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1; cf.:

tanta contumelia accepta,

Caes. B. G. 7, 10:

alicui imponere,

Sall. C. 48, 9:

quibus tu privatim injurias plurimas contumeliasque imposuisti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

indignitates contumeliasque perferre,

Caes. B. G. 2, 14: graves, severe reproaches (opp. libera consilia), Hor. Epod. 11, 26:

aliquid in suam contumeliam vertere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 8:

per contumeliam,

id. ib. 1, 9; Quint. 4, 1, 11:

contumeliā perfugae appellari ab aliquo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 28; cf. Liv. 3, 50, 6 et saep.:

in contumeliam ignominiamque nostram certare juvat,

id. 4, 4, 12:

contumeliae verborum,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5.—In mal. part., violation, Liv. 8, 28, 2; Auct. Har. Resp. 20, 42.—The expression facere contumeliam is censured by Cic. (Phil. 3, 9, 22) in the words of Antonius: nulla contumelia est, quam facit dignus; but it is not clear on what grounds (whether as an archaism, or because it is used after the analogy of jacturam facere, in the sense of contumelia adfici); v. Quint. 9, 3, 13, and cf. esp. Gronov. Observv. 3, 8, pp. 488-502 (pp. 241-247 Frotsch.).—Personified: Contŭmē-lĭa, like Hubris, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28.—

Transf., injury, assault, annoyance, violence, blows, etc. ( = injuria):

naves totae factae ex robore ad quamvis vim et contumeliam perferendam,

injury, violence, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; so Phaedr. 1, 2, 21:

praeberi ora contumeliis,

to the blows, Tac. H. 3, 31; 3, 85:

debilitatis suae,

annoyance, hardship, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 9; cf. injuria.

con-tŭmēlĭa (post-class. access. form contŭmĭa, Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; cf.: contumia contumelia, Gloss. Isid.), ae, f. [from a root tem, whence also temno, contemno, and contumax; cf. Dig. 47, 10, 1], abuse, insult, affront, reproach, invective, contumely (cf.: injuria, hubris; very freq. and class. in sing. and plur.):

contumelia a contemptu dicta est, quia nemo nisi quem contempsit, tali injuriā notat,

Sen. Const. 11, 2: patior facile injuriam, si est vacua a contumeliā, Pac. ap. Non. p. 430, 16; cf.

Caecil. ib.: contumeliam alteri facere,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 82; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 79; cf. id. Eun. 5, 2, 26:

contumeliam dicere alicui,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 33; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 29; Liv. 25, 22, 13:

contumeliam si dicis, audies,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 77:

jacere in aliquem,

Cic. Sull. 7, 23:

meretricum perpeti,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 3; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 96:

in se accipere,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1; cf.:

tanta contumelia accepta,

Caes. B. G. 7, 10:

alicui imponere,

Sall. C. 48, 9:

quibus tu privatim injurias plurimas contumeliasque imposuisti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

indignitates contumeliasque perferre,

Caes. B. G. 2, 14: graves, severe reproaches (opp. libera consilia), Hor. Epod. 11, 26:

aliquid in suam contumeliam vertere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 8:

per contumeliam,

id. ib. 1, 9; Quint. 4, 1, 11:

contumeliā perfugae appellari ab aliquo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 28; cf. Liv. 3, 50, 6 et saep.:

in contumeliam ignominiamque nostram certare juvat,

id. 4, 4, 12:

contumeliae verborum,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5.—In mal. part., violation, Liv. 8, 28, 2; Auct. Har. Resp. 20, 42.—The expression facere contumeliam is censured by Cic. (Phil. 3, 9, 22) in the words of Antonius: nulla contumelia est, quam facit dignus; but it is not clear on what grounds (whether as an archaism, or because it is used after the analogy of jacturam facere, in the sense of contumelia adfici); v. Quint. 9, 3, 13, and cf. esp. Gronov. Observv. 3, 8, pp. 488-502 (pp. 241-247 Frotsch.).—Personified: Contŭmē-lĭa, like Hubris, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28.—

Transf., injury, assault, annoyance, violence, blows, etc. ( = injuria):

naves totae factae ex robore ad quamvis vim et contumeliam perferendam,

injury, violence, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; so Phaedr. 1, 2, 21:

praeberi ora contumeliis,

to the blows, Tac. H. 3, 31; 3, 85:

debilitatis suae,

annoyance, hardship, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 9; cf. injuria.

dē-prĕcor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a.

To avert, ward off (from one's self or others) by earnest prayer; to deprecate; also to pray, to intercede for the averting of any evil, or to obtain pardon for any transgression (cf. Gell. 6, 16, 3).

In gen. (for syn. cf.: averto, averrunco, avoco, revoco —freq. and class.), constr. with the acc. (rei v. personae), the inf., the acc. and inf., ne, quominus, quin, and absol.

With acc. rei:

ullam ab sese calamitatem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60 fin.; cf.:

ut a me quandam prope justam patriae querimoniam detester ac deprecer,

id. Cat. 1, 11: quibus servitutem mea miseria deprecor? Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 9; cf.:

ego meae cum vitae parcam, letum inimico deprecer?

id. ib. §

10: qui nullum genus supplicii deprecatus est neque recusavit,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:

mortem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40, 6; cf.:

non jam mortem neque aerumnas, tantummodo inimici imperium et cruciatus corporis deprecor,

Sall. J. 24, 10:

periculum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5; Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 3 (with refugere), Liv. 3, 58:

poenam,

id. 40, 15:

ignominiam,

id. 27, 20 fin.:

iram senatus,

id. 39, 35:

praecipiendi munus,

Quint. 2, 12, 12 et saep.—Of abstract subjects:

Claudii invidiam Gracchi caritas deprecabatur,

averted, Cic. Rep. 6, 2 (ap. Gell. 6, 16, 11; and Non. 290, 17).—

With acc. pers., usually in the sense of praying:

quem deprecarentur, cum omnes essent sordidati?

Cic. Sest. 12: in hoc te deprecor, ne, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1:

Patres, ne festinarent decernere, etc.,

Liv. 34, 59:

senatum litteris deprecatus est, ne, etc.,

Suet. Caes. 29:

dispensatorem deprecati sumus, ut, etc.,

Petr. 30, 9:

deos mala (opp. bona rogare),

Sen. Q. N. 2, 33; cf.:

hoc superos, hoc te quoque deprecor,

Val. Fl. 8, 53:

numina versu,

Petr. 133, 2: Dominum, Vulg. [p. 552] Esth. 14, 3 et saep.—Less freq. in the sense of averting:

lecto te solum, lecto te deprecor uno,

Prop. 2, 34, 17 (3, 32, 7 M.).—

With inf.:

umbram accipere,

Stat. Th. 8, 116; Luc. 9, 213.—

With acc. and inf., to plead in excuse:

postquam errasse regem et Jugurthae scelere lapsum deprecati sunt,

Sall. J. 104, 4.—

With ne:

primum deprecor, ne me, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 1:

unum petere ac deprecari... ne se armis despoliaret,

Caes. B. G. 2, 31, 4:

spem ne nostram fieri patiare caducam, deprecor,

Ov. H. 15 (16), 170; cf. no., b; so,

opp. to postulo ut,

Liv. 40, 15, 8.—And with the dat. of the person for whom one entreats: deprecari alicui ne vapulet, Plaut. As. grex 5.—

With quominus:

neque illum se deprecari, quominus pergat,

Liv. 3, 9, 10 (but non precarere is the true reading in Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79 fin.).—So very rarely

with quin:

quin gravedinem ipsi ferat frigus,

Cat. 44, 18.—

With ut (rarely):

deprecatus esse dicitur, ut se tertium in amicitiam reciperent,

Lact. 5, 17, 23; cf.

supra,

Petr. 30, 9.—

Absol.:

pro amico, pro republica deprecari,

Cic. Sest. 12 fin.; cf. Suet. Claud. 21; id. Vit. 14:

arma deponat, roget, deprecetur,

Cic. Phil. 5, 1, 3; id. Or. 40, 138; Caes. B. G. 4, 7, 3; Quint. 5, 13, 2; *Verg. A. 12, 931 al.—

In relig. lang., to imprecate: diras devotiones in eum deprecata, Ap. M. 9, p. 227.—

Transf.:

quasi non totidem mox deprecor illi Assidue,

execrate, Cat. 92, 3 (dictum est quasi detestor vel exsecror vel depello vel abominor, Gell. 6, 16, 5).—

To pray for, intercede in behalf of (that which is in danger):

vitam alicujus ab aliquo,

Cic. Sull. 26; cf. vitam sibi, Auct. B. Afr. 89, 3;

paucos dies exsolvendo donativo deprecatum,

Tac. H. 1, 41:

quos senatus non ad pacem deprecandam, sed ad denuntiandum bellum miserat,

Cic. Fam. 12, 24. Also with personal objects:

a vobis deprecor custodem salutis meae,

Cic. Planc. 42, 102:

nullae sunt imagines, quae me a vobis deprecentur,

id. Agr. 2, 36 fin.:

te assiduae lacrimae C. Marcelli deprecantur,

id. Fam. 4, 7 fin. —Sometimes, by zeugma, deprecor is used in both senses, I. and II., with different objects: non mortem sed dilationem mortis deprecantur, Justin. 11, 9, 14; Gronov. ad loc.

► dēprĕcātus, in pass. signif.:

deprecatum bellum,

Just. 8, 5, 4: deprecato summo numine, Ap. M. 11, p. 270.

dē-prĕcor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a.

To avert, ward off (from one's self or others) by earnest prayer; to deprecate; also to pray, to intercede for the averting of any evil, or to obtain pardon for any transgression (cf. Gell. 6, 16, 3).

In gen. (for syn. cf.: averto, averrunco, avoco, revoco —freq. and class.), constr. with the acc. (rei v. personae), the inf., the acc. and inf., ne, quominus, quin, and absol.

With acc. rei:

ullam ab sese calamitatem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60 fin.; cf.:

ut a me quandam prope justam patriae querimoniam detester ac deprecer,

id. Cat. 1, 11: quibus servitutem mea miseria deprecor? Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 9; cf.:

ego meae cum vitae parcam, letum inimico deprecer?

id. ib. §

10: qui nullum genus supplicii deprecatus est neque recusavit,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:

mortem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40, 6; cf.:

non jam mortem neque aerumnas, tantummodo inimici imperium et cruciatus corporis deprecor,

Sall. J. 24, 10:

periculum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5; Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 3 (with refugere), Liv. 3, 58:

poenam,

id. 40, 15:

ignominiam,

id. 27, 20 fin.:

iram senatus,

id. 39, 35:

praecipiendi munus,

Quint. 2, 12, 12 et saep.—Of abstract subjects:

Claudii invidiam Gracchi caritas deprecabatur,

averted, Cic. Rep. 6, 2 (ap. Gell. 6, 16, 11; and Non. 290, 17).—

With acc. pers., usually in the sense of praying:

quem deprecarentur, cum omnes essent sordidati?

Cic. Sest. 12: in hoc te deprecor, ne, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1:

Patres, ne festinarent decernere, etc.,

Liv. 34, 59:

senatum litteris deprecatus est, ne, etc.,

Suet. Caes. 29:

dispensatorem deprecati sumus, ut, etc.,

Petr. 30, 9:

deos mala (opp. bona rogare),

Sen. Q. N. 2, 33; cf.:

hoc superos, hoc te quoque deprecor,

Val. Fl. 8, 53:

numina versu,

Petr. 133, 2: Dominum, Vulg. [p. 552] Esth. 14, 3 et saep.—Less freq. in the sense of averting:

lecto te solum, lecto te deprecor uno,

Prop. 2, 34, 17 (3, 32, 7 M.).—

With inf.:

umbram accipere,

Stat. Th. 8, 116; Luc. 9, 213.—

With acc. and inf., to plead in excuse:

postquam errasse regem et Jugurthae scelere lapsum deprecati sunt,

Sall. J. 104, 4.—

With ne:

primum deprecor, ne me, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 1:

unum petere ac deprecari... ne se armis despoliaret,

Caes. B. G. 2, 31, 4:

spem ne nostram fieri patiare caducam, deprecor,

Ov. H. 15 (16), 170; cf. no., b; so,

opp. to postulo ut,

Liv. 40, 15, 8.—And with the dat. of the person for whom one entreats: deprecari alicui ne vapulet, Plaut. As. grex 5.—

With quominus:

neque illum se deprecari, quominus pergat,

Liv. 3, 9, 10 (but non precarere is the true reading in Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79 fin.).—So very rarely

with quin:

quin gravedinem ipsi ferat frigus,

Cat. 44, 18.—

With ut (rarely):

deprecatus esse dicitur, ut se tertium in amicitiam reciperent,

Lact. 5, 17, 23; cf.

supra,

Petr. 30, 9.—

Absol.:

pro amico, pro republica deprecari,

Cic. Sest. 12 fin.; cf. Suet. Claud. 21; id. Vit. 14:

arma deponat, roget, deprecetur,

Cic. Phil. 5, 1, 3; id. Or. 40, 138; Caes. B. G. 4, 7, 3; Quint. 5, 13, 2; *Verg. A. 12, 931 al.—

In relig. lang., to imprecate: diras devotiones in eum deprecata, Ap. M. 9, p. 227.—

Transf.:

quasi non totidem mox deprecor illi Assidue,

execrate, Cat. 92, 3 (dictum est quasi detestor vel exsecror vel depello vel abominor, Gell. 6, 16, 5).—

To pray for, intercede in behalf of (that which is in danger):

vitam alicujus ab aliquo,

Cic. Sull. 26; cf. vitam sibi, Auct. B. Afr. 89, 3;

paucos dies exsolvendo donativo deprecatum,

Tac. H. 1, 41:

quos senatus non ad pacem deprecandam, sed ad denuntiandum bellum miserat,

Cic. Fam. 12, 24. Also with personal objects:

a vobis deprecor custodem salutis meae,

Cic. Planc. 42, 102:

nullae sunt imagines, quae me a vobis deprecentur,

id. Agr. 2, 36 fin.:

te assiduae lacrimae C. Marcelli deprecantur,

id. Fam. 4, 7 fin. —Sometimes, by zeugma, deprecor is used in both senses, I. and II., with different objects: non mortem sed dilationem mortis deprecantur, Justin. 11, 9, 14; Gronov. ad loc.

► dēprĕcātus, in pass. signif.:

deprecatum bellum,

Just. 8, 5, 4: deprecato summo numine, Ap. M. 11, p. 270.

exsulto ( exult-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. [id.], to spring vigorously, to leap or jump up (class.; esp. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.:

equi ferocitate exsultantes,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90:

equi,

Nep. Eum. 5:

exsultantes loligines,

Cic. Div. 2, 70, 145: pisciculi, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 66, 1:

pecora exsultantia,

Plin. 18, 35, 88, § 364:

taurus in herba,

Ov. M. 2, 864; cf. id. ib. 11, 79:

(curetes) in numerum exsultant,

i. e. dance, Lucr. 2, 631.—

Of inanimate subjects:

sanguis emicat exsultans alte,

Lucr. 2, 195:

pila exsultat,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 10 fin.:

exsultant aestu latices,

Verg. A. 7, 464; cf. Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 114:

exsultant vada atque aestu miscentur harenae,

Verg. A. 3, 557:

glaebae,

Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 179: densiores circa pampini exsultant, spring up, i. e. come up, grow up, id. 17, 22, 35, § 180:

breves (syllabae) si continuantur, exsultant,

to skip, hop, Quint. 9, 4, 91.—

Trop.

In gen., to gambol about, move freely, expatiate:

hic (in pectore) exsultat pavor ac metus,

riot, gambol, Lucr. 3, 141:

cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf.:

in reliquis (orationibus) exsultavit audacius (Demosthenes),

id. Or. 8, 26:

assurgendi exsultandique in laudando licentia,

Quint. 2, 2, 9:

solidos novus exsultabis in actus,

will undertake with alacrity, Stat. S. 4, 4, 38.—

In partic., to exult, rejoice exceedingly; to run riot, to revel; to vaunt, boast: exsultantem te et praefidentem tibi repriment legum habenae, Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 166; cf.:

rex ille (Tarquinius) victoriis divitiisque subnixus, exsultabat insolentiā,

id. Rep. 2, 25; and:

exsultasse populum insolentiā libertatis,

id. ib. 1, 40:

exsultare eam (partem animi) in somno immoderateque jactari,

id. Div. 1, 29, 60: exsultare voluptate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 301, 7 (Rep. 3, 36 ed. Mos.):

laetitiā,

id. Clu. 5, 14; id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16 (with temere gestiens); id. Att. 15, 21, 1; Liv. 27, 2, 2:

gaudio,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

victoriā,

id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16; cf.

successu,

Verg. A. 2, 386:

gestis,

Tac. Agr. 8:

vana spe,

Quint. 6, 4, 17 et saep.: in ruinis alicujus, [p. 706] Cic. Balb. 26, 58: in omni crudelitate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 300, 26 (Rep. 2, 41 ed. Mos.):

Graeci exsultant, quod, etc.,

id. Att. 6, 1, 15: dum histrio in cubiculum principis exsultaverit (= exorchêsaito, Gronov.), Tac. A. 11, 28 (al. insultaverit).— Absol.:

illa theatra (i. e. spectatores) exsultant,

Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39 Mos. N. cr.:

furorem exsultantem reprimere,

id. Sest. 44, 95; cf.:

exsultantem laetitiam comprimere,

id. Top. 22, 86:

laus in qua maxime ceterorum exsultat oratio,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 54.—Hence, ex-sultans ( exult-), antis, P. a.

(Acc. to I. B. fin.) Of short syllables, skipping, hopping:

paululum morae damus inter ultimum ac proximum verbum... alioqui sit exsultantissimum et trimetri finis,

Quint. 9, 4, 108.—

(Acc. to II. B.)

Boastful, vain-glorious:

turbati aut exsultantis animi motus,

Tac. H. 1, 17.—

Of an orator or an oration, diffuse, prolix:

fiunt pro grandibus tumidi... laetis corrupti, compositis exsultantes,

Quint. 10, 2, 16; cf. id. 12, 10, 12; 8, 3, 56; 9, 4, 69 (with remissae);

10, 4, 1: Cicero supra modum exsultans et superfluens,

Tac. Dial. 18.— Hence, * Adv.: exsultanter, diffusely, at large; only comp.:

quae hilarius et quasi exsultantius scripsi,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.

ăvĕo, ēre, v. a. [from Sanscr. av, to love, to wish; to satisfy one's self, to be content, to do or fare well], to wish, desire earnestly, to long for, crave (syn.: volo, cupio): avere nihil aliud est quam cupere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 14 Müll.: ab ludis animus atque aures avent Avide exspectantes nuntium, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 70 (Trag. v. 70 Vahl.).—Constr. with inf., acc., and absol.

With inf.:

te imitari aveo,

Lucr. 3, 6:

Illud in his quoque te rebus cognoscere avemus,

id. 2, 216:

res exponere,

id. 4, 778:

rationem reddere,

id. 3, 259:

discedere aventes,

id. 4, 1203:

Non est mihi tempus aventi Ponere signa novis praeceptis,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 1; 2, 6, 99:

propiusque accedere aventi figere pectora,

Ov. M. 2, 503:

valde aveo scire quid agas,

Cic. Att. 1, 15; 2, 18; id. Fin. 2, 14, 46; id. Off. 1, 4, 13; id. Div. 1, 6, 11:

Jam mens praetrepidans avet vagari,

Cat. 46, 7:

avet (ara) spargier agno,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 7:

ipsum L. Paulum omnium oculi conspicere urbem curru ingredientem avent,

Liv. 45, 39, 8; 33, 32, 8; Col. 3, 21, 6:

avebat animus antire statimque memorare exitus,

Tac. A. 4, 71; 12, 36.—

With acc.:

quia semper aves quod abest, praesentia temnis,

Lucr. 3, 957; so id. 3, 1082; 3, 1083:

parto, quod avebas,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 94:

aveo genus legationis ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 15, 11 fin. (acc. to conj. of Gronov.; so B. and K.; v. Orell. ad h. l.); Sil. 9, 371.—

Absol.:

Et mora, quae fluvios passim refrenat aventes,

which restrains the eager river, Lucr. 6, 531, where Lachm. and Munro read euntīs:

Talem dira sibi scelerisque dolique ministram Quaerit avens,

Val. Fl. 2, 123; Aur. Vict. Caes. 3.—

Avens = libens, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7.— ăventer, adv., eagerly, earnestly (post - class.), Sid. Ep. 2, 2; v. Amm. 18, 5 and 19.

ăvĕo (or, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 21, hă-vĕo; cf. Spald. ad l. l. and Schneid. Gr. 1, p. 185), ēre, v. n. [v. 1. aveo init. ], to be or fare well; except once in Mamert., used only in the imper. ave, aveto, avete, and inf. avere, as a form of salutation, both at meeting and separating, like salve and chaire (hence, Fest. p. 13 explains it by gaudeo).

In gen., Hail! God bless thee, farewell! adieu (prob. not used by Cic.): Caesar simulatque, Have, mihi dixit, statim exposuit, [p. 214] i. e. had saluted me, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 4:

numquam dicis Ave, sed reddis etc.,

Mart. 3, 95, 1:

Ave! gratiā plena, Dominus tecum!

Vulg. Luc. 1, 28:

Jesus occurrit illis dicens Avete!

ib. Matt. 28, 9.—

In mock homage (eccl. Lat.): dixit Ave! Rabbi,

Vulg. Matt. 26, 49; 27, 29; ib. Marc. 15, 18; ib. Joan. 19, 3.—Haveto at the end of a letter, Cato ap. Sall. C. 35, 6; and Ave at the beginning, August. ap. Gell. 15, 7, 3:

Marcus avere jubet,

Mart. 3, 5, 10 al. —

Esp.

As a morning greeting (diff. from vale, a greeting at separating in the evening; cf. Suet. Galb. 4:

ut liberti servique mane salvere, vesperi valere sibi singuli dicerent): et matutinum portat ineptus ave,

Mart. 1, 56, 6; 1, 56, 109 fin.; 4, 79, 4; 7, 39, 2.—

As a farewell to the dead, = vale: Atque in perpetuom, frater, ave atque vale, *Cat. 101, 10;

and so frequently in inscriptions,

Inscr. Orell. 2663; 4732; 4734; 4735;

4742. But in Martial avere is distinguished, as a greeting to the living, from valere, a greeting to the dead: Jam satis est, Afer: non vis avere: vale!

Mart. 9, 7, 4. And thus the ambiguity of avere in the anecdote in Suet. Claud. 21 is to be explained: Emissurus (Claudius) Fucinum lacum naumachiam ante commisit. Sed cum proclamantibus naumachiariis, Ave ( farewell), Imperator, morituri te salutant: respondisset, Avete vos (i. e. as dying), neque post hanc vocem, quasi venia data (since they interpreted the exclamation as live!), quisquam dimicare vellet, etc.—

As a mere expression of goodwill (eccl. Lat.):

nec Ave ei dixeritis,

nor bid him God-speed, Vulg. 2 Joan. 10, 11.

.. cum is avere jubeat, qui jam fecit, ut averem, Mamert. Grat. Act. ad Julian.

lascīvĭa, ae, f. [lascivus], sportiveness, playfulness, frolicsomeness, jollity.

In a good sense (class.):

adulescens plenus amoris ac lasciviae,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 23:

hilaritas et lascivia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

laeta (agrestium),

Lucr. 5, 1400:

ut nudi juvenes, Lycaeum Pana venerantes, per lusum atque lasciviam currerent,

Liv. 1, 5, 2 Drak.:

in juvenales lusus lasciviamque versi,

id. 24, 16, 14; 37, 20, 5: piscium, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

si quid per lasciviam, et non data opera ut furtum committeretur, factum sit,

Gai. Inst. 3, 181.—Of inanim. things:

naturae,

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123.—Comic.:

o virgarum lascivia,

thou scourge's pastime! Plaut. As. 2, 2, 32.—

In a bad sense, wantonness, licentiousness, petulance, impudence, lewdness, lasciviousness (mostly postAug.;

not in Cic.): quos soluto imperio licentia corruperat,

Sall. J. 39 fin.;

with superbia,

id. ib. 41:

maledicendi,

Quint. 9, 2, 76:

theatralis populi,

Tac. A. 11, 13: lasciviae [p. 1038] notae, of lewdness, Suet. Calig. 36; cf.:

Caesonia luxuriae ac lasciviae perditae,

id. ib. 25: ignoscitur, nisi in lata et incauta neglegentia vel lascivia fuit, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 12, 5, 2; cf.

Gai. Inst. l. l. supra. —Of a licentious, prolix style: lasciviae flosculis capi,

Quint. 2, 5, 22:

alios recens haec lascivia deliciaeque et omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis imperitae composita delectant,

id. 10, 1, 43:

lasciviam a vobis prohibetote,

impious exultation, Liv. 23, 10, 3 Gronov. ad loc.