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1 úcar-
vb. "to sin, trespass; to do wrong" pl. aorist úcarer in VT43:12, we would rather expect *úcarir, a form seemingly indicated by an emendation in one variant of the text in question, VT43:21. The verb is car- "do" with the prefix ú-, here suggesting something morally bad *"do wrong" rather than simple negation. -
2 uscarë(þ)
noun doing wrong PE17:151. Also uxarë. Cf. úcarë. -
3 uxarë
noun doing wrong PE17:151. Also uscarë. Cf. úcarë. -
4 Vala
1 noun "Power, God, angelic power", pl. Valar or Vali BAL, Appendix E, LT2:348, described as angelic governors or angelic guardians Letters:354, 407. The Valar are a group of immensely powerful spirits guarding the world on behalf of its Creator; they are sometimes called Gods as when Valacirca, q.v., is translated Sickle of the Gods, but this is strictly wrong according to Christian terminology: the Valar were created beings. The noun vala is also the name of tengwa \#22 Appendix E. Genitive plural Valion "of the Valar" FS, MR:18; this form shows the pl. Vali, irregular alternative to Valar the straightforward gen. pl. Valaron is also attested, PE17:175. Pl. allative valannar *"to/on the Valar" LR:47, 56; SD:246. Feminine form Valië Silm, in Tolkiens earlier material also Valdë; his early writings also list Valon or Valmo q.v. as specifically masc. forms. The gender-specific forms are not obligatory; thus in PE17:22 Varda is called a Vala not a Valië, likewise Yavanna in PE17:93. Vala is properly or originally a verb "has power" sc. over the matter of Eä, the universe, also used as a noun "a Power" WJ:403. The verb vala- "rule, order", exclusively used with reference to the Valar, is only attested in the sentences á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!" and Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar will be done" WJ:404. However, Tolkien did not originally intend the word Valar to signify "powers"; in his early conception it apparently meant "the happy ones", cf. valto, vald- LT2:348. For various compounds including the word Valar, see below. -
5 úsahtië(þ)
noun "inducement to do wrong" VT43:23; allative úsahtienna attested the alternative form úsahtíenna with a long í must be erroneous, as pointed out by the editors ibid.. Compare sahta-, sahtië. -
6 raica
"k" adj. "crooked, bent, wrong" RÁYAK, VT39:7, pl. raicar in LR:47 read perhaps *raicë in LotR-style Quenya -
7 lango
1 noun "broad sword", also "prow of a ship" LAG 2 noun passage, especially across or over an obstacle, also neck PE17:92 3 noun "throat" Tolkien also listed the plural form langwi; in the Etymologies as printed in LR, Christopher Tolkien improperly prefixed an asterisk as if it were an primitive or wrong form; see VT45:26. This indicates that lango has the stem-form *langu-. Compare ango "snake", stem \#angu-, pl. angwi. But whatever the case, lango was changed to lanco. LANG, see LANK -
8 ulca
adj. "evil, bad, wicked, wrong" QL:97, VT43:23-24, VT48:32, VT49:14; compounded in henulca "evileyed", SD:68; variant olca, q.v. Compare noun ulco. The adj. ulca may also itself be used as a noun evil, as in the ablative form ulcallo from evil VT43:8, 10 and the sentence cé mo quetë ulca *if one speaks evil VT49:19.
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