-
41 GET
net- (pa.t. nentë given) – QL:66 -
42 GO
lelya- or lenna- (pa.t. lendë in both cases; the printed Etymologies gives "linna" instad of lenna-, but according to VT45:27 this is a misreading) (proceed, travel); \#men- (attested in the aorist: menë "goes"), vanya- (pa.t. vannë) (depart, disappear – it may be that Tolkien abandoned the verb vanya-, if it is regarded as the conceptual predecessor of auta-, see GO AWAY below), GO ROUND pel- (revolve, return; the Silmarillion Appendix also mentions “encircle” as a meaning of the root PEL, cf. also “Qenya” pele- “surround, fence in, pen in”; pa.t. pellë given, QL:73). GO OVER, see CROSS. GO ATHWART tara- (cross); GO AWAY auta- (leave, pass); pa.t. oantë, perf. oantië (in the physical sense "went away [to another place]", vánë ("the most frequently used past [tense]" – less "physical" than oantë, rather meaning to be lost or to disappear), also anwë (this pa.t. was "only found in archaic language"), perf. avánië (pl. avánier is attested); perf. vánië with no augment may occur in verse. GO FORTH TOWARDS (with the thing approached as direct object) tenta-, pa.t. tentanë (the verb can also mean “direct toward” or “be directed toward”, in the intransitive tense apparently with the pa.t. tenantë). CAUSE TO GO (in a desired direction) menta- (send), GONE vanwa (departed, vanished, dead, lost, past and over, no longer to be had) BE GONE! heca! – also with pronominal affixes: sg hecat, pl hecal "you be gone!" (stand aside!) LET GO lerya- (release, set free), sen- (let loose, free) –WJ:363, LED/VT45:27, VT47:11, 30, PEL, LT2:347, WAN, Nam, WJ:364, VT41:5, VT49:23, WJ:366, VT41:5, VT43:18 -
43 GOOSE
ván, wán (pl. váni is given, but seems perfectly regular) –WA-N- -
44 GREY
\#mista (isolated from lassemista "leaf-grey"), also hiswa, but the most usual word for "grey" may be sindë (stem *sindi-) (Þ) or sinda (Þ). (WJ has sindë "pale or silvery grey", wheras sinda is given in Silm:438; cf. also sindanoriello "from a grey land", Sindacollo "Grey-cloak" and Sindar "Grey-Elves, *Grey Ones".)GREY-ELVES Sindar (Þ) (sg. Sinda), less commonly Sindeldi (sg Sindel); GREY-CLOAK Sindacollo, Singollo (Þ) (so in Silm:421; MR:217 has Sindicollo, presupposing sindë, sindi- as the word for "grey"); GREY-ELVEN sindarinwa (adj), Sindarin (= Grey-Elven language) (Þ) –LotR:505 cf. Letters:224, KHIS, LotR:1171, Silm:438, THIN/WJ:384, Nam, Silm:419, WJ:384, LotR:1157, 1161 -
45 HEIR
aryon (also haryon is glossed as "heir", but this gloss is paranthetic and "prince" is given as the primary meaning. Hildinyar is translated "my heirs" in Aragorn's oath; it appears that this is actually a form of hildo "follower".) –GAR (see 3AR), LotR:1003, 1004 -
46 HELL
Angamando ("Iron-prison", Morgoth's dungeon-fortress in the First Age. This is the form given in MR; Etym has Angamanda, LT1:249/252 has Angamandu/Angamandi or Eremandu "Hells of Iron". In LT1:259, Mandos is glossed "hell", but Mandos was simply the halls of the dead and not a place of torture. GL:51 also has fatanyu.) –MR:350, MBAD -
47 HISTORY
nyárë (tale, saga), quenta (narrative, story), quentalë (account, narration), lúmequentalë, lúmequenta (chronological account), HISTORICAL lúmequentalëa. (In VT39:16, quentalë is defined as "narration" or "History", used as an abstract referring to universal History, but also used with particular reference; hence "the history of the Noldor" can be quentalë Noldoron or quentalë Noldorinwa, but this refers to the real events rather than an account of them: that part of universal History which concerned the Noldor.) HISTORICAL ACCOUNT quentasta (any particular arrangement, by some author, of a series of reconds or evidences into a given historical account – not History as such, which is quentalë). THE HISTORY OF THE ELVES I·Eldanyárë –NAR2, KWET/VT39:16, LU, LR:199 -
48 HUNT
(noun), HUNTING roimë (the misreading "raime" occurs in the Etymologies as printed in LR; see VT46:12 for this correction). No verb "to hunt" is given in Etym, but roita- "pursue" is derived from the same stem and can probably be translated *"hunt" as well. LT1:260 has rauta- "hunt". –ROY1 -
49 IDEA
intya (guess, supposition), inca (cited with a final hyphen in the source, but it does not seem to be a verbal stem); *selma (Þ) ("a fixed idea, will". In WJ:319, the word is given as Þelma, but Þ (th) would become s in the Noldorin Quenya. Cf. Þindë, sindë in WJ:384; see GREY) –INK, VT45:18, WJ:319 -
50 IRELAND
Íverind- (As indicated by the hyphen, some ending is needed – a Quenya word cannot end in nd. The normal form must be *Íverin, becoming Íverind(e)- before an ending, e.g. genitive *Íverindo, locative *Íverindessë [cf. Lórien, locative Lóriendessë]. The name is also given as Íwerin or Iverindor, "an island off the west coast of Tol Eressëa" – Eressëa later becoming England in this early version of Tolkien's mythology.) –LT2:344, cf 285 -
51 JOIN
The intransitive verb verya- + allative is suggested to mean “be joined to”; this is also the idiom for “get married to” (see MARRY). JOINING (noun) yanwë (isthmus, bridge) –YAT, also VT45:45 (where the stem is given as YAN rather than YAT), VT45:46 -
52 KNOCK
\#pet- (strike), pa.t. pentë given. The verb is cited as "pete", perhaps with a suffixed stem-vowel. KNOCK (keep on knocking) tamba- –QL:73, TAM -
53 LAUGH
lala- –PM:359 cf. 343. (Note: a homophone means "deny".) Past tense perhaps *landë, given the derivation stated (whereas lala "deny" might have the past tense *lalanë or *lallë). -
54 LEAVE
(vb) auta- (go away, pass), pa.t. oantë, oantië (in the physical sense "went away [to another place]") or vánë ("the most frequently used past [tense]" – less "physical" than oantë, meaning "disappeared" rather than "went away"), perf. avánië (pl avánier is attested); perf. vánië with no augment may occur in verse. For "leave", Etym also has lesta, pa.t. lendë; this is also the past tense of "go". The stem from which lesta- is derived was "replaced" by another. Lesta has a wholly different meaning in later writings; see GIRDLE, MEASURE. LEAVE OUT hehta- (pa.t. hehtanë is given but seems perfectly regular) (put aside, exclude, abandon, forsake) –WJ:366, ELED (noun) – with leave of: lenémë (+ genitive) -
55 LITTLE
(see also SMALL) titta (tiny). LITTLE ELF Teler, Telellë (adj. telerëa, telella); LITTLE FINGER lepinca, lepincë (with stem lepinci- given older form lepinki, VT48:18), nícë; in children's play also called winimo "baby" (Exilic *vinimo). LITTLE TOE, see under TOE. –TIT, LT1:267, VT47:10, 26, VT48:5 -
56 MAN
nér (ner-; pl. neri given) (\#ner as the final element in compounds, as in vëaner and úner, see below), †vëo (-wë as final element in compounds); hanu (male); (ADULT) MAN vëaner; MANLY vëa (adult, vigorous); LARGE/STRONG MAN nerdo, SMALL MAN nercë (perhaps with stem nerci-) MANHOOD vië (vigour); MAN-SPEARHEAD (a wedge-formation of soldiers) nernehta, NOMAN úner (All these words can apparently be used of adult males of any sentient race. For "Men" in the sence "humans", see MORTALS, FOLLOWERS.) –DER, WEG (cf. VT46:21 indicating that †vëo should be marked as an archaic/poetic word), VT47:33, VT45:16, UT:282, UT:211 -
57 MIND
sáma (pl. sámar is given), sanar (“thinker, reflector”), indo (heart, mood), (inner mind:) órë (heart) (Note: a homophone means "rising"), síma (imagination), also (?) isima. MIND-MOOD inwisti –VT39:23, VT41:13, MR:216, LotR:1157, VT49:16, MR:229 -
58 MORTAL
fírima (pl. Fírimar is attested, lit. "those apt to die", WJ:387), also in the personal (masculine) form \#fírimo (pl. fírimor, VT49:10, pl. allative fírimonnar "to mortals", VT44:35). The form firima with a short i occurs in VT46:4. Firya (pl. Firyar is attested); MORTAL MAN firë (pl firi is given but seems perfectly regular) –PHIR, WJ:387 -
59 MOTHER
amillë, also short amil (probably with stem amill-), ammë (see also MUMMY). The form ontaril in VT43:32 and the variants \#ontari, \#ontarië in VT44:7, 18 seem to be more technical terms, etymologically *"female begetter". MY MOTHER emya (for em-nya, VT48:19). MOTHER-NAME (OF INSIGHT) \#amilessë (tercenya) (i.e., names given by Elvish mothers to their children, indicating some dominant feature of the nature of the child as perceived by its mother. Only pl amilessi tercenyë is attested.) MOTHER OF GOD (Mary, in Tolkien's Quenya renderings of Catholic prayers) Eruamillë, Eruontari, Eruontarië –VT43:32, VT44:18-19, AM1, VT43:32, MR:217, VT43:32, VT44:7, 18 -
60 NICKNAME
("mostly given as a title of admiration or honour") epessë (after-name) –UT:266
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