function+block+type

— ablation-protected engine

— ablative engine

— abort engine

— accelerating rocket engine

— acid-cooled rocket engine

— actual engine

— adjustable-thrust rocket engine

— aerojet engine

— aeropulse engine

— aerothermodynamic integration engine

— afterburning engine

— aft-fan engine

— ailing engine

— air engine

— airborne rocket engine

— air-breathing engine

— air-burning engine

— air-collection engine

— air-feed engine

— air-jet engine

— airline engine

— airplane engine

— airstream engine

— alcohol engine

— all-attitude engine

— all-fuel engine

— ancillary engine

— annihilation rocket engine

— antispin rocket engine

— apogee engine

— arcjet engine

— arresting engine

— ascent engine

— assist-climb rocket engine

— assisted takeoff engine

— atmospheric jet engine

— attitude-control engine

— augmented turbofan engine

— auxiliary rocket engine

— axial engine

— axial-centrifugal-flow engine

— axial-flow engine

— bare engine

— barrel engine

— basic engine

— below-wing engine

— bench engine

— bifuel rocket engine

— bipropellant rocket engine

— bleedoff rocket engine

— block-cast engine

— booster engine

— bottom engine

— brake engine

— braking engine

— buried engine

— burned engine

— bypass engine

— calibrated engine

— calibrated-thrust engine

— capacitative-cooled engine

— capsular engine

— carburetted engine

— carburettor engine

— center engine

— centrifugal-flow engine

— ceramic-coated engine

— cesium-ion engine

— chemical fuel engine

— chemical-ignition engine

— cigarette-burning rocket engine

— clear the engine

— closed-cycle engine

— clustered engine

— coaxial plasma engine

— cold engine

— cold-jet engine

— cold-reaction engine

— combustion engine

— composite engine

— compound engine

— compressorless engine

— conk-out engine

— constant-duty engine

— constant-speed engine

— constant-thrust engine

— control engine

— controllable-thrust engine

— cooled engine

— core engine

— coupled engines

— cowled engine

— critical engine

— cruise engine

— cruising engine

— cryogenic engine

— cut the engine

— dead engine

— deflected-thrust engine

— demonstrator engine

— deorbit engine

— descent engine

— development engine

— direct-drive engine

— direct-injection engine

— direct-lift engine

— disintegrating engine

— diverted-jet engine

— docking engine

— double-flow engine

— double-nozzled engine

— double-row engine

— double-unit engine

— down-rated engine

— downwind engine

— driving engine

— droppable engine

— dry engine

— dry-fuel rocket engine

— dry-sump engine

— dual function engine

— dual-chamber rocket engine

— dual-flow engine

— dual-thrust rocket engine

— ducted rocket engine

— ducted-fan engine

— duplex engine

— earth-satellite engine

— ejection-seat rocket engine

— ejector-seat rocket engine

— electrical rocket engine

— electric-ignition engine

— electromagnetic jet engine

— electrostatic rocket engine

— electrothermal jet engine

— end-burning rocket engine

— engine got sick

— engine out

— environmental engine

— escape rocket engine

— evaporative-cooled engine

— expendable engine

— expended engine

— explosive engine

— external engine

— external-burning engine

— failed engine

— fan engine

— fan-afterburner engine

— fan-burning jet engine

— fast-response rocket engine

— feathered engine

— film-cooled engine

— final-stage rocket engine

— finite-thrust engine

— finned-rocket engine

— first-stage engine

— fixed-geometry engine

— flame-ignition rocket engine

— flameout engine

— flat engine

— flat-rated engine

— flat-rating engine

— flight-cleared engine

— flight-qualified engine

— flight-type engine

— flightworthy engine

— flyable engine

— forced-induction engine

— forward-facing rocket engine

— forward-firing rocket engine

— forward-thrust jet engine

— four-chamber engine

— four-stroke engine

— free-turbine engine

— front-fan engine

— fuel-optimal engine

— full-scale engine

— full-sized engine

— fuselage-mounted engine

— gas-generator engine

— gasoline engine

— gas-pressurized rocket engine

— gas-turbine engine

— geared engine

— gearless engine

— good engine

— gun an engine

— healthy engine

— heat engine

— heat-sponge engine

— helicopter engine

— helium-injection engine

— high-bypass ratio engine

— high-compression-ratio engine

— higher-powered engine

— highly developed engine

— high-performance engine

— high-power engine

— high-pressure engine

— high-speed engine

— high-thrust engine

— high-time engine

— honeycomb engine

— horizontal-mounted engine

— hot engine

— hot peroxide engine

— hot-reaction rocket engine

— hybrid engine

— hybrid-propellant engine

— hydrazine engine

— hydrogen-burning engine

— hydrogen-electrothermal engine

— hydrogen-fluorine engine

— hydrogen-oxygen engine

— hydrogen-peroxide engine

— hydrojet engine

— hypergolic engine

— hypersonic engine

— hypothetical engine

— ideal-cycle engine

— idling engine

— ignite the engine

— impulse-duct engine

— impulse-rocket engine

— inboard engine

— inhibited engine

— injected engine

— in-line engine

— inoperative engine

— installed engine

— intermittent-cycle engine

— intermittent-detonation engine

— internal engine

— internal-combustion engine

— interplanetary engine

— inverted vee engine

— ionic engine

— ionospheric ramjet engine

— isentropic engine

— jato engine

— jet attitude engine

— jet-propulsion engine

— jet transport engine

— jet-control engine

— jet-lift engine

— jettison engine

— jumbo engine

— kerosene-burning engine

— kerosene-fueled engine

— kick engine

— kill the engine

— lander engine

— lateral-burning rocket engine

— launch vehicle engine

— launching rocket engine

— left-handed engine

— lift jet engine

— lift/propulsion engine

— lift/thrust engine

— lift-cruise engine

— liftoff engine

— lightweight engine

— limited-life engine

— limited-thrust engine

— liquid-air engine

— liquid-chemical rocket engine

— liquid-cooled engine

— liquid-fuelrocket engine

— liquid-oxygen rocket engine

— liquid-propellant rocket engine

— liquid-solid rocket engine

— liquid-sustainer engine

— live engine

— long-burning engine

— long-duration engine

— long-life engine

— long-period engine

— long-stroke engine

— low-altitude engine

— low-consumption engine

— lower-powered engine

— low-mounted engine

— low-noise-level engine

— low-performance engine

— low-pressure engine

— low-thrust engine

— lox/liquid hydrogen engine

— lunar engine

— lunar module engine

— lunar rover engine

— lunar-descent engine

— lunar-takeoff engine

— magnetic-pinch plasma engine

— magnetogasdynamie engine

— magnetohydrodynamic engine

— main engine

— main propulsion engine

— malfunctioning engine

— maneuvering engine

— master engine

— matched engine

— microrocket engine

— midcourse correction engine

— middle engine

— military engine

— missile engine

— modular engine

— monopropellant rocket engine

— monopropellant-plus-fuel engine

— movable engine

— multibank engine

— multichamber rocket engine

— multifuel engine

— multilift engines

— multiple engine

— multiple-beam ion engine

— multiple-chamber rocket engine

— multiple-nozzle engine

— multirow engine

— multi-unit rocket engine

— nacelle-mounted engine

— nameplate engine

— nonafterburning engine

— noncryogenic engine

— nonexpendable engine

— nonregenerative engine

— non-supercharged engine

— nonthrottleable engine

— nonthrust rocket engine

— nuclear-electric engine

— nuclear-fission engine

— one-flow engine

— one-shaft engine

— one-shot engine

— one-spool engine

— open-cycle engine

— operational engine

— opposed-cylinder engine

— opposed-piston engine

— orbital module engine

— orbiter engine

— orbiting ramjet engine

— ordnance turbojet engine

— orienting-thrust engine

— outboard engine

— outer engine

— outer-space engine

— overcooled engine

— oversized engine

— oxidizer-cooled rocket engine

— paired engine

— paper engine

— parallel booster engines

— peroxide engine

— petrol engine

— photon engine

— pickle an engine

— pilot engine

— piston-driven engine

— pitch-control jet engine

— pivoted engine

— plasma engine

— plasmajet engine

— plenum-chamber-burning engine

— plug-in engine

— plug-nozzle engine

— podded engine

— pod-mounted engine

— porous-cooled engine

— powder rocket engine

— powerful engine

— power-limited engine

— preproduction engine

— pressure-feed engine

— propellant-cooled engine

— propulsion engine

— propulsive jet engine

— pulse reaction engine

— pulsejet engine

— pump-fed rocket engine

— pure lift engine

— pylon-mounted engine

— quadruple-chamber rocket engine

— quantum engine

— quiet engine

— race the engine

— radial engine

— radioisotope engine

— ramjet engine

— rato engine

— RCS engine

— reaction propulsion engine

— real engine

— reciprocating engine

— recombination ramjet engine

— refractory-liner rocket engine

— regenerative engine

— regeneratively-cooled engine

— reheated engine

— relight the engine

— rematched engine

— remotely-controlled engine

— replace the engine

— replacement engine

— research engine

— resonant jet engine

— restartable engine

— restricted-burning rocket engine

— retarding rocket engine

— retractable engine

— retrofire rocket engine

— retrograde rocket engine

— retrorocket engine

— retrothrust engine

— return engine

— reusable engine

— reversed engine

— reverse-thrust rocket engine

— right-handed engine

— ring engine

— rocket engine

— rocket-ramjet engine

— roll-control jet engine

— rotary engine

— rotatable-nozzles engine

— rough-running engine

— rubber engine

— run down engine

— running engine

— satellite-like engine

— scaled-down engine

— scaled-up engine

— sealed rocket engine

— sea-level engine

— secondary engine

— second-stage engine

— segmented-rocket engine

— selfcontained-rocket engine

— separable engine

— separation engine

— series-produced engine

— service engine

— service propulsion engine

— shaft-turbine engine

— short-burning engine

— short-duration engine

— short-life engine

— short-period engine

— short-stroke engine

— shut-down engine

— shuttle engine

— side engine

— side-burning rocket engine

— simulated failed engine

— single-barrelled rocket engine

— single-chamber rocket engine

— single-nozzle engine

— single-row engine

— single-shaft engine

— single-shot engine

— single-start engine

— sleeve-valve engine

— smoke-free engine

— smokeless engine

— smoky engine

— solar engine

— solid sustainer engine

— solid-liquid rocket engine

— solid-propellant boost engine

— solid-propellant rocket engine

— space engine

— space shuttle engine

— space vehicle engine

— spaceborne engine

— spacecraft engine

— spare engine

— spark-ignition engine

— spindown engine

— spinup engine

— split-compressor engine

— stage engine

— stage-one engine

— start the engine

— starting engine

— station-keeping engine

— steam-burning rocket engine

— steerable rocket engine

— steering engine

— stopcock the engine

— storable liquid-propellant engine

— straight-jet engine

— strap-on engine

— study engine

— submerged engine

— subscale engine

— subsonic jet engine

— supercharged engine

— supercompression engine

— superperformance engine

— supersonic combustion engine

— supersonic jet engine

— supplementary engine

— surge-free engine

— sustainer engine

— sustaining engine

— sweat-cooled engine

— swiveling engine

— swiveling-nozzle engine

— symmetrically opposite engine

— tail-mounted engine

— takeoff rocket engine

— tandem boost engine

— test engine

— testbed engine

— thermal-jet engine

— thermionic engine

— thermochemical rocket engine

— thermojet engine

— thermonuclear rocket engine

— three-barreled engine

— three-chambered engine

— three-shaft engine

— three-spool engine

— throttleable engine

— throttled back engine

— thrust engine

— tiltable engine

— tilting engine

— tiny engine

— tip engine

— trajectory-correction engine

— transonic engine

— transpiration-cooled rocket engine

— transtage engine

— traveling-wave plasma engine

— tri-chamber engine

— trim rocket engine

— triple-barreled engine

— triple-chamber engine

— turbine engine

— turboelectric engine

— turbofan engine

— turbofanramjet engine

— turbofed engine

— turbojet engine

— turboprop engine

— turbopump rocket engine

— turboram rocket engine

— turboramjet engine

— turborocket engine

— turbosupercharged engine

— twin-combustion-chamber engine

— twin-shaft engine

— two-chamber engine

— two-dimensional-ion engine

— two-propellants rocket engine

— two-row engine

— two-segment engine

— two-shaft engine

— two-spool engine

— uncooled rocket engine

— underslung engine

— underwing engine

— unreheated engine

— unrestricted-burning rocket engine

— unsegmented engine

— unsilenced engine

— unsupercharged engine

— upper-stage engine

— uprated engine

— upwind engine

— V/STOL engine

— valveless engine

— vapor-cycle-cooled engine

— vaporization-cooled engine

— variable-geometry engine

— variable-thrust engine

— vectorable engine

— vectored-thrust engine

— vee engine

— vernier engine

— vertical lift engine

— vertical-mounted engine

— vibration-free engine

— Wankel engine

— warmed engine

— water-cooled engine

— water-injection engine

— wet-sump engine

— widely-throttleable engine

— wing pod engine

— wing-mounted engine

— wing-root-buried engine

— wingtip-mounted engine

— wlndmllling engine

— wraparound boost engine

— zero-stage engine

[ˈkɔnstənt]

address constant вчт. адресная константа all other things constant при прочих равных условиях basic real constant вчт. базисная вещественная константа block constant вчт. признак группы c-type constant вчт. символьная константа case constant вчт. константа варианта character constant вчт. символьная константа compile-time constant вчт. статическая константа complex constant вчт. комплексная константа constant верный constant константа constant неизменный, неослабный constant неизменный constant непрерывный constant физ., мат. постоянная (величина), константа; constant of friction коэффициент трения constant постоянная constant постоянная величина constant постоянный; in terms of constant prizes в неизменных ценах constant постоянный constant твердый; верный (идее и т. п.) constant устойчивый constant физ., мат. постоянная (величина), константа; constant of friction коэффициент трения contiguous constant вчт. зависимая константа decay constant вчт. постоянная затухания deferred constant вчт. задержанная постоянная deferred constant вчт. константа времени выполнения diffusion constant вчт. коэффициент диффузии figurative constant вчт. данные файла figurative constant вчт. фигуральная константа floating constant вчт. плавающая константа function constant вчт. функциональная константа group constant вчт. групповая константа grouped constant вчт. табличная константа hexadecimal constant вчт. шестнадцатеричная константа constant постоянный; in terms of constant prizes в неизменных ценах integer constant вчт. целочисленная константа layout constant вчт. макет расположения layout constant вчт. шаблон manifest constant вчт. именованная константа manifest constant вчт. переименованная константа multiplicative constant вчт. постоянный множитель named constant вчт. именованная константа nonconfiguous constant вчт. независимая константа notation constant вчт. нотационная константа numeric constant вчт. числовая константа octal constant вчт. восьмеричная константа predicate constant вчт. предикатная константа proportionality constant вчт. коэффициент пропорциональности real constant вчт. вещественная константа row constant вчт. ограничение по строкам run-time constant вчт. константа времени выполнения sign constant вчт. знаковая константа smoothing constant вчт. сглаживающая постоянная static constant вчт. статическая константа string constant вчт. строковая константа structured constant вчт. структурная константа system constant вчт. константа операционной системы transfer constant вчт. коэффициент передачи type constant вчт. типизованная константа typed constant вчт. типированная постоянная zero constant вчт. константа нуль

1) код; система кодирования || кодировать

2) программа, текст программы, код || программировать, писать программу

3) технические условия

4) нормы и правила; правила эксплуатации

1) модуль; блок; узел

2) разбивать на модули

3) унифицированный элемент

4) космонавт. отсек

1) Общая лексика: англосаксонский

2) Компьютерная техника: Activity Start, Amateur Satellite

3) Биология: ammoniacal silver

4) Авиация: accomplishment summary, aerospatiale, auto stabilization

5) Медицина: aortic stenosis (стеноз аортального клапана)

6) Латинский язык: Anno Societatis

7) Военный термин: Aerial Surveillance, Air Service, Air Staff, Air Surveillance, Armed Services, Armed Services Committee, Army Security, Army Staff, Assault Shotgun, FAADC2I Simplified Handheld Terminal Unit, admiral superintendent, aerospace studies, air speed, air station, air superiority, air support, air-to-surface, ammunition storage, ammunition store, angle of sight, antenna site, apprentice seaman, area surveillance, arm of service, armament supplies, armor school, armored shop, army surplus, arsenal section, assistant secretary, atomic strike, automatic switching, Access System (JOPES)

8) Техника: Automatically Switching, acquisition sensor, action statement, adaptive system, aerial shot, air glow spectrum, air supply, air-seasoned, alto-stratus, ampere-second, angle shot, anisotropic semiconductor, antenna systems, antisubmarine search, arithmetically symmetrical, asdic search, astronomical spectroscopy, atmosphere and space, audio sensitivity, auto sequential, automatic search, Австралийский стандарт (Australian Standard)

9) Сельское хозяйство: astigmatic

10) Шутливое выражение: After Sperry

11) Химия: Ammonium Sulphate

12) Математика: почти наверное (almost sure)

13) Юридический термин: Alaska Statute, Alaska Statutes

14) Коммерция: anticipated sales

15) Экономика: aggregate supply

16) Грубое выражение: Absolutely Stupid

17) Оптика: angular sensitivity

18) Политика: Australia

19) Телекоммуникации: Autonomous System, Application System (SNA, APPN)

20) Сокращение: Acquisition Strategy, Advanced Sensors, Aeronautical Standard, Air Search, Aircraft Standard, Aircraft Survivability, Airlift Squadron, Anglo-Saxon, Anti-Spoofing, Anti-Submarine, Assamese, Australia (NATO country code), Automatic Sprinkler, Submarine Tender (USA), airscoop, airspeed, ammeter switch, antisubmarine, artificial satellite, Academy of Science, aortic stenosis, (USN Rating) Aviation Support Equipment Technician, ATM Switch, Aanstaande, Abandon Ship, Ablaufsprache (German: Sequential Function Chart), Abstract Syntax, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), Access Stratum (3GPP), Access System, Acquisition/Application System, Acrylonitrile Styrene, Action Script (scripting language used in flash, similar to Java), Activesync (Microsoft software), Activity Start (ITU-T), Acute Sinusitis, Adam Sandler (actor), Additional Shift (used on overtime forms), Additive Solution (preservative to extend life of red blood cells), Address Strobe, Administrative Simplification, Administrative Site, Administrative Support, Administrative System (Bellcore), Adopted Son, Adult Situations, Adult Swim (Cartoon Network programming block), Advanced Schottky, Advanced Server (Microsoft Windows), Advanced Subsidiary level (UK), Advanced Switching, Aeronautical Science (Flight Major), Aerospace Corporation, Aerospace Society, Aerospace Standards, Aes Sedai (Wheel of Time book series), Aft Shroud, After-Sales Service, AfterStep (Window Manager for X), Agency Services, Agent Society (International Society on Intelligent Agent Technologies), Aggregate Subbase (construction), Aggregate Supply (economics), Aggressor Squadron, Agrarian System, Air Sampling (station), Air Sealed, Air Seasoned Timber, Airfield Services, Aksje Selskap (Norwegian: Limited Company), Alarm Surveillance, Alaska Airlines, Inc., Alaska (IATA airline code), Alessandro Scarlatti (classical composer), Alignment Signal (ITU-T), Alka-Seltzer, All Source, All Star (sports), All Stars (Disney resort), Allowance Standard, Alpha Smart (electronic keyboard), Alto Saxophone, Altostratus (cloud formation), American Samoa (US postal abbreviation), American Singles, Amino Salicylic Acid, Ammunition Specialist, Ampere Sensor, Ampere Switch, Anaerobic Seeder, Anakin Skywalker (Star Wars Character), Anal Seepage, Analog Switch, Analysis Subsystem, Anatolian Studies, Ancillary Services, Angel Sanctuary (Manga), Angelman Syndrome, Angle Slam (wrestling finishing move), Angled Single, Ankylosing Spondylitis (chronic inflammatory form of arthritis affecting the spine), Anno Satanas, Annual Summary, Anonim Sirketi (Turkish: Joint Stock Company), Anonymous Sender, Another Subject, Answer Supervision, Anti Static, Anti Surge (type of electric fuse), Anti Sweat, Anti-Scintillation, Anti-Social, Antichrist Superstar (Marilyn Manson album), Aperture Stop, AppleScript, AppleShare, Applicability Statement, Application Software (NEC), Application System, Applied Science, Approaches Standards (school grading system), Aqueous Solution, Archive Server, Area Security, Area Source, Area Supervisor (FAA ARTCC Area Supervisor 1 or more Sector Suites), Arme'e du Salut (Salvation Army), Arnold Schwarzenegger (body builder, actor, politician), Arsenal Ship, Articulation Score, Artificial Stupidity, As Stated, Asbestos Survey, Ascent Stage, Asian Sensation, Asperger Syndrome (Asperger's Disorder), Aspheric Subassembly, Assassin/Assassination, Assault Support, Assault at Selonia (Star Wars novel), Assigned (Telabs), Assistant Referee (Soccer), Associate in Science, Associate of Science, Associated Students, Associated Support, Associazione Sportiva (Italian: sports club), Athletics (Oakland baseball team), Attachment Sheet, Audioslave (band), Auger Spectroscopy, Auris Sinister (Latin: Left Ear), Austin Servers (online gaming community), Australia (including Ashmore, Cartier & Coral Sea Islands), Australian Shepherd (dog breed), Australian Standard, Authentication Server, Authentication Service, Author Space (webcomic), Authorization Subsystem, Automation Specialist, Autonomous System (ATM), Autosavants.com (car enthusiasts), Auxiliary Steam, Auxiliary Submarine, Aviation Safety, Complex Antenna, Submarine Tender, Wait (logging abbreviation), analog secure (US DoD), aviation ship (US DoD), active substance

21) Физиология: Anal sphincter, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Arteriosclerosis, Auris Sinistra (left Ear)

22) Вычислительная техника: Architectural Simulator, add-subtract, automated software distribution, Authentication Service (DCE), Autonomous System (IP, Internet, RFC 1930), Advanced Server (MS, Windows, NT), (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) Advanced Server (RedHat, Linux), архитектурный имитатор

23) Нефть: absorption spectroscopy, after shot, anhydrite stringer, после перфорирования, после торпедирования (after shot), пропласток ангидрита (anhydrite seam), Array Sonic

24) Связь: Access Switch / Access Server

25) Банковское дело: по предъявлении (after sight)

26) Деловая лексика: Allocation Status, после предъявления (after sight), отчёт о продаже товара (account sales)

27) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: amine sewer (system), (LSS) array sonic (long-spaced sonic), (LSS) многозондовый акустический каротаж (с большим радиусом исследования), (WFT) array sonic (full waveform tool)

28) Образование: American Standard Code for Safety Glazing Materials

29) Инвестиции: after sight

30) Сетевые технологии: Add Subnet, Appliance Server, Application Server, сервер приложений, (autonomus system) АС (автономная система) (объединение сетей с одинаковой маршрутизационной политикой и общей администрацией; состоит из одной или нескольких систем), (autonomus system) автономная система (АС)

31) Полимеры: American standard

32) Программирование: Add Sideways

33) Автоматика: Automation System (система автоматизации)

34) Контроль качества: aerospace standard

35) Макаров: active space, активные пространства, (active space) активное пространство

36) Золотодобыча: Alex Stewart Assayers, компания Alex Stewart Assayers (AS)

37) Расширение файла: Autonomous System (Internet)

38) Электротехника: amperemeter switch

39) США: American Samoa

40) Программное обеспечение: Advanced Solutions

1) Общая лексика: англосаксонский

2) Компьютерная техника: Activity Start, Amateur Satellite

3) Биология: ammoniacal silver

4) Авиация: accomplishment summary, aerospatiale, auto stabilization

5) Медицина: aortic stenosis (стеноз аортального клапана)

6) Латинский язык: Anno Societatis

7) Военный термин: Aerial Surveillance, Air Service, Air Staff, Air Surveillance, Armed Services, Armed Services Committee, Army Security, Army Staff, Assault Shotgun, FAADC2I Simplified Handheld Terminal Unit, admiral superintendent, aerospace studies, air speed, air station, air superiority, air support, air-to-surface, ammunition storage, ammunition store, angle of sight, antenna site, apprentice seaman, area surveillance, arm of service, armament supplies, armor school, armored shop, army surplus, arsenal section, assistant secretary, atomic strike, automatic switching, Access System (JOPES)

8) Техника: Automatically Switching, acquisition sensor, action statement, adaptive system, aerial shot, air glow spectrum, air supply, air-seasoned, alto-stratus, ampere-second, angle shot, anisotropic semiconductor, antenna systems, antisubmarine search, arithmetically symmetrical, asdic search, astronomical spectroscopy, atmosphere and space, audio sensitivity, auto sequential, automatic search, Австралийский стандарт (Australian Standard)

9) Сельское хозяйство: astigmatic

10) Шутливое выражение: After Sperry

11) Химия: Ammonium Sulphate

12) Математика: почти наверное (almost sure)

13) Юридический термин: Alaska Statute, Alaska Statutes

14) Коммерция: anticipated sales

15) Экономика: aggregate supply

16) Грубое выражение: Absolutely Stupid

17) Оптика: angular sensitivity

18) Политика: Australia

19) Телекоммуникации: Autonomous System, Application System (SNA, APPN)

20) Сокращение: Acquisition Strategy, Advanced Sensors, Aeronautical Standard, Air Search, Aircraft Standard, Aircraft Survivability, Airlift Squadron, Anglo-Saxon, Anti-Spoofing, Anti-Submarine, Assamese, Australia (NATO country code), Automatic Sprinkler, Submarine Tender (USA), airscoop, airspeed, ammeter switch, antisubmarine, artificial satellite, Academy of Science, aortic stenosis, (USN Rating) Aviation Support Equipment Technician, ATM Switch, Aanstaande, Abandon Ship, Ablaufsprache (German: Sequential Function Chart), Abstract Syntax, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), Access Stratum (3GPP), Access System, Acquisition/Application System, Acrylonitrile Styrene, Action Script (scripting language used in flash, similar to Java), Activesync (Microsoft software), Activity Start (ITU-T), Acute Sinusitis, Adam Sandler (actor), Additional Shift (used on overtime forms), Additive Solution (preservative to extend life of red blood cells), Address Strobe, Administrative Simplification, Administrative Site, Administrative Support, Administrative System (Bellcore), Adopted Son, Adult Situations, Adult Swim (Cartoon Network programming block), Advanced Schottky, Advanced Server (Microsoft Windows), Advanced Subsidiary level (UK), Advanced Switching, Aeronautical Science (Flight Major), Aerospace Corporation, Aerospace Society, Aerospace Standards, Aes Sedai (Wheel of Time book series), Aft Shroud, After-Sales Service, AfterStep (Window Manager for X), Agency Services, Agent Society (International Society on Intelligent Agent Technologies), Aggregate Subbase (construction), Aggregate Supply (economics), Aggressor Squadron, Agrarian System, Air Sampling (station), Air Sealed, Air Seasoned Timber, Airfield Services, Aksje Selskap (Norwegian: Limited Company), Alarm Surveillance, Alaska Airlines, Inc., Alaska (IATA airline code), Alessandro Scarlatti (classical composer), Alignment Signal (ITU-T), Alka-Seltzer, All Source, All Star (sports), All Stars (Disney resort), Allowance Standard, Alpha Smart (electronic keyboard), Alto Saxophone, Altostratus (cloud formation), American Samoa (US postal abbreviation), American Singles, Amino Salicylic Acid, Ammunition Specialist, Ampere Sensor, Ampere Switch, Anaerobic Seeder, Anakin Skywalker (Star Wars Character), Anal Seepage, Analog Switch, Analysis Subsystem, Anatolian Studies, Ancillary Services, Angel Sanctuary (Manga), Angelman Syndrome, Angle Slam (wrestling finishing move), Angled Single, Ankylosing Spondylitis (chronic inflammatory form of arthritis affecting the spine), Anno Satanas, Annual Summary, Anonim Sirketi (Turkish: Joint Stock Company), Anonymous Sender, Another Subject, Answer Supervision, Anti Static, Anti Surge (type of electric fuse), Anti Sweat, Anti-Scintillation, Anti-Social, Antichrist Superstar (Marilyn Manson album), Aperture Stop, AppleScript, AppleShare, Applicability Statement, Application Software (NEC), Application System, Applied Science, Approaches Standards (school grading system), Aqueous Solution, Archive Server, Area Security, Area Source, Area Supervisor (FAA ARTCC Area Supervisor 1 or more Sector Suites), Arme'e du Salut (Salvation Army), Arnold Schwarzenegger (body builder, actor, politician), Arsenal Ship, Articulation Score, Artificial Stupidity, As Stated, Asbestos Survey, Ascent Stage, Asian Sensation, Asperger Syndrome (Asperger's Disorder), Aspheric Subassembly, Assassin/Assassination, Assault Support, Assault at Selonia (Star Wars novel), Assigned (Telabs), Assistant Referee (Soccer), Associate in Science, Associate of Science, Associated Students, Associated Support, Associazione Sportiva (Italian: sports club), Athletics (Oakland baseball team), Attachment Sheet, Audioslave (band), Auger Spectroscopy, Auris Sinister (Latin: Left Ear), Austin Servers (online gaming community), Australia (including Ashmore, Cartier & Coral Sea Islands), Australian Shepherd (dog breed), Australian Standard, Authentication Server, Authentication Service, Author Space (webcomic), Authorization Subsystem, Automation Specialist, Autonomous System (ATM), Autosavants.com (car enthusiasts), Auxiliary Steam, Auxiliary Submarine, Aviation Safety, Complex Antenna, Submarine Tender, Wait (logging abbreviation), analog secure (US DoD), aviation ship (US DoD), active substance

21) Физиология: Anal sphincter, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Arteriosclerosis, Auris Sinistra (left Ear)

22) Вычислительная техника: Architectural Simulator, add-subtract, automated software distribution, Authentication Service (DCE), Autonomous System (IP, Internet, RFC 1930), Advanced Server (MS, Windows, NT), (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) Advanced Server (RedHat, Linux), архитектурный имитатор

23) Нефть: absorption spectroscopy, after shot, anhydrite stringer, после перфорирования, после торпедирования (after shot), пропласток ангидрита (anhydrite seam), Array Sonic

24) Связь: Access Switch / Access Server

25) Банковское дело: по предъявлении (after sight)

26) Деловая лексика: Allocation Status, после предъявления (after sight), отчёт о продаже товара (account sales)

27) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: amine sewer (system), (LSS) array sonic (long-spaced sonic), (LSS) многозондовый акустический каротаж (с большим радиусом исследования), (WFT) array sonic (full waveform tool)

28) Образование: American Standard Code for Safety Glazing Materials

29) Инвестиции: after sight

30) Сетевые технологии: Add Subnet, Appliance Server, Application Server, сервер приложений, (autonomus system) АС (автономная система) (объединение сетей с одинаковой маршрутизационной политикой и общей администрацией; состоит из одной или нескольких систем), (autonomus system) автономная система (АС)

31) Полимеры: American standard

32) Программирование: Add Sideways

33) Автоматика: Automation System (система автоматизации)

34) Контроль качества: aerospace standard

35) Макаров: active space, активные пространства, (active space) активное пространство

36) Золотодобыча: Alex Stewart Assayers, компания Alex Stewart Assayers (AS)

37) Расширение файла: Autonomous System (Internet)

38) Электротехника: amperemeter switch

39) США: American Samoa

40) Программное обеспечение: Advanced Solutions

1) Общая лексика: англосаксонский

2) Компьютерная техника: Activity Start, Amateur Satellite

3) Биология: ammoniacal silver

4) Авиация: accomplishment summary, aerospatiale, auto stabilization

5) Медицина: aortic stenosis (стеноз аортального клапана)

6) Латинский язык: Anno Societatis

7) Военный термин: Aerial Surveillance, Air Service, Air Staff, Air Surveillance, Armed Services, Armed Services Committee, Army Security, Army Staff, Assault Shotgun, FAADC2I Simplified Handheld Terminal Unit, admiral superintendent, aerospace studies, air speed, air station, air superiority, air support, air-to-surface, ammunition storage, ammunition store, angle of sight, antenna site, apprentice seaman, area surveillance, arm of service, armament supplies, armor school, armored shop, army surplus, arsenal section, assistant secretary, atomic strike, automatic switching, Access System (JOPES)

8) Техника: Automatically Switching, acquisition sensor, action statement, adaptive system, aerial shot, air glow spectrum, air supply, air-seasoned, alto-stratus, ampere-second, angle shot, anisotropic semiconductor, antenna systems, antisubmarine search, arithmetically symmetrical, asdic search, astronomical spectroscopy, atmosphere and space, audio sensitivity, auto sequential, automatic search, Австралийский стандарт (Australian Standard)

9) Сельское хозяйство: astigmatic

10) Шутливое выражение: After Sperry

11) Химия: Ammonium Sulphate

12) Математика: почти наверное (almost sure)

13) Юридический термин: Alaska Statute, Alaska Statutes

14) Коммерция: anticipated sales

15) Экономика: aggregate supply

16) Грубое выражение: Absolutely Stupid

17) Оптика: angular sensitivity

18) Политика: Australia

19) Телекоммуникации: Autonomous System, Application System (SNA, APPN)

20) Сокращение: Acquisition Strategy, Advanced Sensors, Aeronautical Standard, Air Search, Aircraft Standard, Aircraft Survivability, Airlift Squadron, Anglo-Saxon, Anti-Spoofing, Anti-Submarine, Assamese, Australia (NATO country code), Automatic Sprinkler, Submarine Tender (USA), airscoop, airspeed, ammeter switch, antisubmarine, artificial satellite, Academy of Science, aortic stenosis, (USN Rating) Aviation Support Equipment Technician, ATM Switch, Aanstaande, Abandon Ship, Ablaufsprache (German: Sequential Function Chart), Abstract Syntax, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), Access Stratum (3GPP), Access System, Acquisition/Application System, Acrylonitrile Styrene, Action Script (scripting language used in flash, similar to Java), Activesync (Microsoft software), Activity Start (ITU-T), Acute Sinusitis, Adam Sandler (actor), Additional Shift (used on overtime forms), Additive Solution (preservative to extend life of red blood cells), Address Strobe, Administrative Simplification, Administrative Site, Administrative Support, Administrative System (Bellcore), Adopted Son, Adult Situations, Adult Swim (Cartoon Network programming block), Advanced Schottky, Advanced Server (Microsoft Windows), Advanced Subsidiary level (UK), Advanced Switching, Aeronautical Science (Flight Major), Aerospace Corporation, Aerospace Society, Aerospace Standards, Aes Sedai (Wheel of Time book series), Aft Shroud, After-Sales Service, AfterStep (Window Manager for X), Agency Services, Agent Society (International Society on Intelligent Agent Technologies), Aggregate Subbase (construction), Aggregate Supply (economics), Aggressor Squadron, Agrarian System, Air Sampling (station), Air Sealed, Air Seasoned Timber, Airfield Services, Aksje Selskap (Norwegian: Limited Company), Alarm Surveillance, Alaska Airlines, Inc., Alaska (IATA airline code), Alessandro Scarlatti (classical composer), Alignment Signal (ITU-T), Alka-Seltzer, All Source, All Star (sports), All Stars (Disney resort), Allowance Standard, Alpha Smart (electronic keyboard), Alto Saxophone, Altostratus (cloud formation), American Samoa (US postal abbreviation), American Singles, Amino Salicylic Acid, Ammunition Specialist, Ampere Sensor, Ampere Switch, Anaerobic Seeder, Anakin Skywalker (Star Wars Character), Anal Seepage, Analog Switch, Analysis Subsystem, Anatolian Studies, Ancillary Services, Angel Sanctuary (Manga), Angelman Syndrome, Angle Slam (wrestling finishing move), Angled Single, Ankylosing Spondylitis (chronic inflammatory form of arthritis affecting the spine), Anno Satanas, Annual Summary, Anonim Sirketi (Turkish: Joint Stock Company), Anonymous Sender, Another Subject, Answer Supervision, Anti Static, Anti Surge (type of electric fuse), Anti Sweat, Anti-Scintillation, Anti-Social, Antichrist Superstar (Marilyn Manson album), Aperture Stop, AppleScript, AppleShare, Applicability Statement, Application Software (NEC), Application System, Applied Science, Approaches Standards (school grading system), Aqueous Solution, Archive Server, Area Security, Area Source, Area Supervisor (FAA ARTCC Area Supervisor 1 or more Sector Suites), Arme'e du Salut (Salvation Army), Arnold Schwarzenegger (body builder, actor, politician), Arsenal Ship, Articulation Score, Artificial Stupidity, As Stated, Asbestos Survey, Ascent Stage, Asian Sensation, Asperger Syndrome (Asperger's Disorder), Aspheric Subassembly, Assassin/Assassination, Assault Support, Assault at Selonia (Star Wars novel), Assigned (Telabs), Assistant Referee (Soccer), Associate in Science, Associate of Science, Associated Students, Associated Support, Associazione Sportiva (Italian: sports club), Athletics (Oakland baseball team), Attachment Sheet, Audioslave (band), Auger Spectroscopy, Auris Sinister (Latin: Left Ear), Austin Servers (online gaming community), Australia (including Ashmore, Cartier & Coral Sea Islands), Australian Shepherd (dog breed), Australian Standard, Authentication Server, Authentication Service, Author Space (webcomic), Authorization Subsystem, Automation Specialist, Autonomous System (ATM), Autosavants.com (car enthusiasts), Auxiliary Steam, Auxiliary Submarine, Aviation Safety, Complex Antenna, Submarine Tender, Wait (logging abbreviation), analog secure (US DoD), aviation ship (US DoD), active substance

21) Физиология: Anal sphincter, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Arteriosclerosis, Auris Sinistra (left Ear)

22) Вычислительная техника: Architectural Simulator, add-subtract, automated software distribution, Authentication Service (DCE), Autonomous System (IP, Internet, RFC 1930), Advanced Server (MS, Windows, NT), (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) Advanced Server (RedHat, Linux), архитектурный имитатор

23) Нефть: absorption spectroscopy, after shot, anhydrite stringer, после перфорирования, после торпедирования (after shot), пропласток ангидрита (anhydrite seam), Array Sonic

24) Связь: Access Switch / Access Server

25) Банковское дело: по предъявлении (after sight)

26) Деловая лексика: Allocation Status, после предъявления (after sight), отчёт о продаже товара (account sales)

27) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: amine sewer (system), (LSS) array sonic (long-spaced sonic), (LSS) многозондовый акустический каротаж (с большим радиусом исследования), (WFT) array sonic (full waveform tool)

28) Образование: American Standard Code for Safety Glazing Materials

29) Инвестиции: after sight

30) Сетевые технологии: Add Subnet, Appliance Server, Application Server, сервер приложений, (autonomus system) АС (автономная система) (объединение сетей с одинаковой маршрутизационной политикой и общей администрацией; состоит из одной или нескольких систем), (autonomus system) автономная система (АС)

31) Полимеры: American standard

32) Программирование: Add Sideways

33) Автоматика: Automation System (система автоматизации)

34) Контроль качества: aerospace standard

35) Макаров: active space, активные пространства, (active space) активное пространство

36) Золотодобыча: Alex Stewart Assayers, компания Alex Stewart Assayers (AS)

37) Расширение файла: Autonomous System (Internet)

38) Электротехника: amperemeter switch

39) США: American Samoa

40) Программное обеспечение: Advanced Solutions

1) код

а) совокупность символов или сигналов и система правил для представления информации в виде последовательности элементов такой совокупности

б) вчт программа; текст программы

2) кодировать

а) представлять информацию в виде последовательности элементов некоторой совокупности символов или сигналов по определённой системе правил

б) вчт программировать

3) pl вчт скрытые коды (напр. в текстовых редакторах)

4) бион генетический код

5) модулировать (напр. в системе с дельта-модуляцией)

6) преобразовывать из аналоговой формы в цифровую

7) кодекс

•

- Able code

- byte-code

- C/A code

- cross-interleaved Read-Solomon code

- cue code

- error-correcting code

- error-detecting code

- error detection and correction code

- error-locating code

- Golay sequential code

- Gray code

- high density bipolar code

- Hollerith code

- international standard recording code

- interrogation -code

- operation code

- order code

- Read-Solomon product code

- recurrent code

- transfer authentication code

- transorthogonal code

- Universal code

- universal product code

1) код

а) совокупность символов или сигналов и система правил для представления информации в виде последовательности элементов такой совокупности

б) вчт. программа; текст программы

2) кодировать

а) представлять информацию в виде последовательности элементов некоторой совокупности символов или сигналов по определённой системе правил

б) вчт. программировать

3) pl.; вчт. скрытые коды (напр. в текстовых редакторах)

4) бион. генетический код

5) модулировать (напр. в системе с дельта-модуляцией)

6) преобразовывать из аналоговой формы в цифровую

7) кодекс

•

- Able code

- native code

- nonprint code

1) модель; модификация

2) модель (образец; уменьшенная, упрощенная копия)

3) модель (абстрактная схема; концепция)

•

- abstract model

- business model

- camera model

- digital terrain model

- domain model

- pull model

- push model

- qualitative model

1 adj

COMP&DP lógico

2

- absolutely segregated algebra

- abstract algebra

- acyclic algebra

- adjacency algebra

- affine algebra

- affinoidal algebra

- algebra of attributes

- algebra of bounded representation type

- algebra of circuits

- algebra of classes

- algebra of constants

- algebra of endomorphisms

- algebra of events

- algebra of finite order

- algebra of finite rank

- algebra of infinite order

- algebra of infinite rank

- algebra of linearly bounded degree

- algebra of logic

- algebra of partitions

- algebra of quantities

- algebra of recursive functions

- algebra of relations

- algebra of residue classes

- algebra of rows

- algebra of sets

- algebra of smooth germs

- algebra of states and events

- algebra of subsets

- algebra of terms

- algebra of uniform index

- algebra of varieties

- algebraic algebra

- alternate exterior algebra

- alternating algebra

- amenable algebra

- analytic algebra

- annihilator algebra

- annulus algebra

- anticommutative algebra

- antisymmetric algebra

- associative algebra

- atomic algebra

- atomic boolean algebra

- atomless algebra

- attainable algebra

- augmented algebra

- auxiliary algebra

- Banach algebra

- barreled algebra

- basis of algebra

- bicylinder algebra

- bidual algebra

- biregular algebra

- block algebra

- bornological algebra

- cardinal algebra

- Cartan algebra

- categorical algebra

- causal algebra

- centerless algebra

- central algebra

- central division algebra

- centralizable algebra

- circuit algebra

- class algebra

- classical algebra

- closed algebra

- closure algebra

- cofibrant algebra

- cohomology algebra

- collapsing algebra

- collinear algebra

- color algebra

- combinatorial algebra

- commutant algebra

- commutator algebra

- commuting algebra

- compact algebra

- compactly embedded algebra

- complete algebra

- complex algebra

- complexified algebra

- compression of algebra

- condition algebra

- conformal algebra

- connected algebra

- conservative algebra

- constraint algebra

- context-free algebra

- contracted algebra

- contraction algebra

- contravariant algebra

- convex algebra

- convolution algebra

- coordinate algebra

- cosimple algebra

- countably additive algebra

- countably generated algebra

- covered algebra

- cubic algebra

- current algebra

- cylindric algebra

- decidable algebra

- degenerate algebra

- derivation algebra

- derived algebra

- dichotomic algebra

- difference algebra

- differentiable algebra

- differential algebra

- disk algebra

- distinguished algebra

- distributive algebra

- division algebra

- elastic algebra

- elementary algebra

- embedded algebra

- endomorphism algebra

- enumerable algebra

- enveloping algebra

- exceptional algebra

- extended algebra

- exterior algebra

- extremal algebra

- field-like algebra

- finite algebra

- finitely defined algebra

- finitely generated algebra

- fixed algebra

- flat algebra

- free Lie algebra

- freely generated algebra

- full algebra

- fully reducible algebra

- function algebra

- functionally complete algebra

- functionally free algebra

- generalized algebra

- generic algebra

- geometrical algebra

- graded algebra

- graph algebra

- group algebra

- groupoid algebra

- hereditarily paracompact algebra

- heterogeneous algebra

- higher algebra

- holonomy algebra

- homeomorphic algebras

- homogeneous algebra

- homological algebra

- homotopical algebra

- hypercomplex algebra

- hyperfinite algebra

- ideal algebra

- idempotent algebra

- image algebra

- implicative algebra

- imprimitivity algebra

- incidence algebra

- incomplete algebra

- indecomposable algebra

- infinite algebra

- infinitely generated algebra

- injective algebra

- integral algebra

- intuitionistic algebra

- inverse algebra

- involutory algebra

- irreducible algebra

- krakowian algebra

- left algebra

- left-alternative algebra

- limit algebra

- linearly compact algebra

- linearly topological algebra

- local algebra

- locally finite algebra

- locally nilpotent algebra

- locally solvable algebra

- loop algebra

- matrix algebra

- maximal algebra

- measure algebra

- monadic algebra

- monoid algebra

- monomial algebra

- monounary algebra

- multilinear algebra

- multiplication algebra

- multiplicatively convex algebra

- multiplier algebra

- nilpotent algebra

- nonassociative algebra

- nonatomic algebra

- noncommutative algebra

- noncommutative polynomial algebra

- noncompact algebra

- nondegenerated algebra

- nonisomorphic algebra

- nonmetric algebra

- normal algebra

- normalizable algebra

- normalized algebra

- null algebra

- numeroid algebra

- operation algebra

- optional algebra

- ordered algebra

- orthogonal algebra

- p-adic algebra

- pair algebra

- partial algebra

- partially ordered algebra

- polyadic algebra

- polydisk algebra

- polylinear algebra

- polynomial algebra

- power-associative algebra

- primitive algebra

- probability algebra

- projective algebra

- propositional algebra

- pseudonormal algebra

- pseudosimple algebra

- quantifier algebra

- quasiassociative algebra

- quasifinite algebra

- quasilocal algebra

- quasiminor algebra

- quaternion algebra

- quotient algebra

- radical algebra

- ramified algebra

- rational algebra

- real algebra

- reduced algebra

- reductive algebra

- regularizable algebra

- relational algebra

- relationship algebra

- representable algebra

- representation algebra

- residue algebra

- restricted algebra

- retractable algebra

- right alternative algebra

- scale algebra

- segmental algebra

- segregated algebra

- self-adjoint algebra

- semifinite algebra

- semigroup algebra

- semilinear algebra

- semiordered algebra

- semisimple algebra

- semisimplicial algebra

- semitensor algebra

- separable algebra

- sigma algebra

- skew-commutative algebra

- solvable algebra

- special algebra

- spinor algebra

- split algebra

- standard algebra

- star algebra

- state algebra

- stiff algebra

- stochastic algebra

- strict algebra

- subdirectly irreducible algebra

- subdirectly reducible algebra

- subtractive algebra

- sufficient algebra

- superatomic algebra

- supplemented algebra

- switching algebra

- symbolic algebra

- symplectic algebra

- syncopated algebra

- tangent algebra

- ternary algebra

- three-dimensional algebra

- topological algebra

- topologically symmetrical algebra

- transition algebra

- tree algebra

- triply generated algebra

- twisted polynomial algebra

- two-dimensional algebra

- two-element algebra

- two-valued algebra

- uncountable algebra

- ungraded algebra

- uniform algebra

- uniformly closed algebra

- unimodular algebra

- uniserial algebra

- unitary algebra

- universal algebra

- unramified algebra

- variable algebra

- vector algebra

- vector-matrix algebra

- weakly distributive algebra

- weakly hereditary algebra

- word algebra

   1) The Book of Nature Is Written in the Language of Mathematics

   Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)

   2) Arranging Speech so as to Reply Appropriately

   It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)

   3) No Other Animal Has the Language Capacity of the Human

   It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)

   4) Human Beings Do Not Live Only in the World of Objects

   Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)

   5) Language Powerfully Conditions All Our Thinking

   It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)

   6) A List of Language Games

   [A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]

   Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling it

   Solving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into another

   LANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)

   7) Language Constrains Certain Modes of Interpretation

   We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)

   8) We Dissect Nature in Accordance with Our Native Languages

   We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.

   The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)

   9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own Language

   The forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)

    10) The Analysis of Certain Types of Utterances

   It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)

    11) The Dictionary of a Language Is a System of Concepts

   In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)

    12) Talk about the Evolution of the Language Capacity is Beside the Point

   In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)

    13) The Development of Language

   [It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)

    14) Sentential and Conceptual Levels in Language

   he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.

   The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)

    15) Linguistic Realities Have Not Yet Been Captured by Theoretical Models

   The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.

   But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)

    16) The Final Steps to Human Language

   The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)

    17) The Inadequacy of Formal Linguistic Models for Ordinary Language Usage

    t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)

    18) When a Language Is an Abstract Machine

   A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)

    19) Metaphor and Metonymy Underpin the Formation of Linguistic Signs

   Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)

    20) Language and the Analysis of Nature

   It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)

    21) Correspondence Rules for Mapping Old Theory into Subsets of New Theory

   First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....

   Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)

    22) The Inclusion of Non- linguistic Factors in a Theory of Grammar

   If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)

    23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human Interaction

   Language cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)

    24) The Genetic Blueprints of Language

   By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)

    25) Languages Are Machines

   Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)