full+professor

or·dent·lich [ʼɔrdn̩tlɪç] adj

1) ( aufgeräumt) tidy;

hinterlasst bitte das Spielzimmer in \ordentlichem Zustand! please leave the playroom neat and tidy!

2) ( Ordnung liebend) orderly;

ein \ordentlicher Staatsbürger a respectable citizen;

er ist nicht gerade einer der \ordentlichsten Menschen he is not exactly one of the tidiest people

3) (fam: tüchtig) proper;

eine \ordentliche Portion a decent portion;

eine \ordentliche Tracht Prügel a [real] good hiding ( hum)

4) ( annehmbar) decent, reasonable

5) ( ordnungsgemäß) proper;

ein \ordentliches Gericht a court of law;

ein \ordentliches Mitglied a full member;

ein \ordentlicher Professor a full professor

1) ( säuberlich) neatly, tidily

2) ( gesittet) properly, respectably

3) (fam: tüchtig) properly;

\ordentlich essen to eat well;

greift/langt \ordentlich zu! tuck in! ( fam)

4) ( diszipliniert) properly;

\ordentlich zu arbeiten beginnen to get down to work;

\ordentlich studieren to study seriously

5) ( annehmbar) [really] well;

ich habe \ordentlicher gegessen I have eaten better

(full) professor

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(full) professor

1  professor

♦voorbeelden:

1   buitengewoon hoogleraar • extraordinary professor

     gewoon hoogleraar • (full) professor

     hij is benoemd tot hoogleraar in de informatica • he has been appointed professor of computer science

SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology

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After obtaining his AB degree from De Pere University, Wisconsin (1937), and his AM and PhD from the University of Michigan (1938 and 1941, respectively), Burks carried out research at the Moore School of Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, during the Second World War, and at the same time taught philosophy in another department. There, with Herman Goldstine, he was involved in the construction of ENIAC (the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer).

In 1946 he took a post as Assistant Professor of Engineering at Michigan University, and subsequently became Associate Professor (1948) and Full Professor (1954). Between 1946 and 1948 he was also associated with the computer activities of John von Neumann at the Institute of Advanced Studies, Princeton, and was involved in the development of the Whirlwind I computer (the first stored-program computer) by Jay Forrester at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1948 until 1954 he was a consultant for the Burroughs Corporation and also contributed to the Oak Ridge computer ORACLE. He was Chairman of the Michigan University Department of Communications Science in 1967–71 and at various times was Visiting Professor at Harvard University and the universities of Illinois and Stanford. In 1975 he became Editor of the Journal of Computer and System Sciences.

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SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology

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Charles H.Townes entered Furman University, Greenville, at the early age of 16 and in 1935 obtained a BA in modern languages and a BS in physics. After a year of postgraduate study at Duke University, he received a master's degree in physics in 1936. He then went on to the California Institute of Technology, where he obtained a PhD in 1939. From 1939 to 1947 he worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, mainly on airborne radar, although he also did some work on radio astronomy. In 1948 he joined Columbia University as Associate Professor of Physics and in 1950 was appointed a full professor. He was Director of the University's Radiation Laboratory from 1950 to 1952, and from 1952 to 1955 he was Chairman of the Physics Department.

To meet the need for an oscillator generating very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation, Townes in 1951 realized that use could be made of the different natural energy levels of atoms and molecules. The practical application of this idea was achieved in his laboratory in 1953 using ammonia gas to make the device known as a maser (an acronym of microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). The maser was developed in the next few years and in 1958, in a joint paper with his brother-in-law Arthur L. Schawlow, Townes suggested the possibility of a further development into optical frequencies or an optical maser, later known as a laser (an acronym of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). Two years later the first such device was made by Theodore H. Maiman.

In 1959 Townes was given leave from Columbia University to serve as Vice-President and Director of Research at the Institute for Defense Analyses until 1961. He was then appointed Provost and Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1967 he became University Professor of Physics at the University of California, where he has extended his research interests in the field of microwave and infra-red astronomy. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Astronomical Society.

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1. (= zwykły) ordinary, regular, usual; członek zwyczajny ordinary member; kiełbasa zwyczajna pork sausage ( of coarsely ground pork meat); profesor zwyczajny full professor; (zwł. w odniesieniu do uczelni nieanglojęzycznych) professor ordinarius; zwyczajna kolej rzeczy the usual course of events.

2. (= przeciętny) ( o człowieku) ordinary; ( o rzeczy) everyday, common(place); ( o jedzeniu) plain.

3. biol. (= pospolity) common.

4. (= oczywisty) downright, sheer, mere; zwyczajny tchórz downright l. mere coward; zwyczajna bezmyślność sheer thoughlessness.

ordinary

1. full professor

2. tenured professor

1) General subject: professor in ordinary

2) leg.N.P. full professor

professore ordinario

univ. professor BE, full professor AE

\

→  professore

ordentlicher Professor (full) professor (Prof., prof.)

instruction, education. - bilgisi didactics. - görevlisi lecturer in a university (whose appointment is part-time or temporary). - özgürlüğü academic freedom. - programı/izlencesi curriculum. - üyesi university teacher who is either an associate or full professor. - yardımcısı university teacher who is not a lecturer and whose rank is below that of associate professor. - yılı academic year, school year.

1. agg

1) (consueto, normale) ordinary, usual, (tariffa, spedizione, seduta) ordinary

2) (rozzo: persona) common, coarse, (scadente: materiale, stoffa) poor-quality

3) (professore) Scol permanent, Univ full

2. sm

1)

2) Scol permanent teacher, Univ (full) professor

Ordinarius m full professor

a. ÉDUCATION staff teacher, member of (teaching) staff

b. UNIVERSITÉ full professor

Univ full professor

Univ full professor

I 〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord〉

1 [waaraan men gewend is] usual ⇒ regular, customary

2 [gebruikelijk] usual ⇒ regular, ordinary

3 [van de meest bekende soort] common

4 [volgens de regelmatige orde] regular ⇒ ordinary

5 [niet opvallend, alledaags] ordinary ⇒ common(place), plain

6 [gewend aan, vertrouwd met] used to ⇒ accustomed to

♦voorbeelden:

1   in zijn gewone doen zijn • be oneself

     zijn gewone gang gaan • go about one's business

2   de gewone betekenis van een woord • the usual meaning of a word

     de gewone gang van zaken • the usual course (of events)/procedure

3   gewone aandelen • ordinary shares

4   gewoon hoogleraar • (full) professor

     dat is gewoon • that's natural

5   het gewone leven • everyday life

     de gewone man/burger • the ordinary/common man, the average citizen

     een gewoon mens • an ordinary/average person

     gewoon soldaat • a private

     het gewone volk • the common people; 〈 pejoratief〉 the common herd

     de gewoonste zaak ter wereld • a very usual thing

     radio is nu iets heel gewoons • radio is something very ordinary/nothing special these days

6   ik ben het zo gewoon • that's what I'm used to

     dat was men van hem niet gewoon • that was unlike him

II 〈 bijwoord〉

1 [op de gebruikelijke wijze] normally

2 [in de gebruikelijke mate] normally ⇒ ordinarily, usually

3 [ronduit gezegd] simply ⇒ just

4 [zonder meer] just ⇒ simply

♦voorbeelden:

1   doe maar gewoon • (do) act normal(ly), behave yourself

     ga alsjeblieft gewoon zitten • just sit down, won't you?

3   gewoon heerlijk • simply delightful

     het is gewoon niet te eten • it is simply inedible

4   hij heet gewoon Smith • he's just plain Smith

     zij praatte er heel gewoon over • she was very casual about it

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

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Both her father, a mathematician, and her mother encouraged Flügge-Lotz in her desire, unusual for a woman at that time, for a technical education. Her interest in aeronautics was awakened when she was a child, by seeing zeppelins (see Zeppelin, Ferdinand, Count von) being tested. In 1923 she entered the Technische Hochschule in Hannover to study engineering, specializing in aeronautics; she was often the only woman in the class. She obtained her doctorate in 1929 and began working in aeronautics. Two years later she derived the Lotz Method for calculating the distribution in aircraft wings of different shapes, which became widely used. Later, Flügge-Lotz took up an interest in automatic flight control of aircraft, notably of the discontinuous or "on-off" type. These were simple in design, inexpensive to manufacture and reliable in operation. By 1928 she had risen to the position of head of the Department of Theoretical Aerodynamics at Göttingen University, but she and her husband, Wilhelm Flügge, an engineering academic known for his anti-Nazi views, felt themselves increasingly discriminated against by the Hitler regime. In 1948 they emigrated to the USA, where Flügge was soon offered a professorship in engineering, while his wife had at first to make do with a lectureship. But her distinguished work eventually earned her appointment as the first woman full professor in the Engineering Department at Stanford University.

She later extended her work on automatic flight control to the guidance of rockets and missiles, earning herself the description "a female Werner von Braun ".

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SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

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Haber's father was a manufacturer of dyestuffs, so he studied organic chemistry at Berlin and Heidelberg universities to equip him to enter his father's firm. But his interest turned to physical chemistry and remained there throughout his life. He became Assistant at the Technische Hochschule in Karlsruhe in 1894; his first work there was on pyrolysis and electrochemistry, and he published his Grundrisse der technischen Electrochemie in 1898. Haber became famous for thorough and illuminating theoretical studies in areas of growing practical importance. He rose through the academic ranks and was appointed a full professor in 1906. In 1912 he was also appointed Director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry at Dahlem, outside Berlin.

Early in the twentieth century Haber invented a process for the synthesis of ammonia. The English chemist and physicist Sir William Crookes (1832–1919) had warned of the danger of mass hunger because the deposits of Chilean nitrate were becoming exhausted and nitrogenous fertilizers would not suffice for the world's growing population. A solution lay in the use of the nitrogen in the air, and the efforts of chemists centred on ways of converting it to usable nitrate. Haber was aware of contemporary work on the fixation of nitrogen by the cyanamide and arc processes, but in 1904 he turned to the study of ammonia formation from its elements, nitrogen and hydrogen. During 1907–9 Haber found that the yield of ammonia reached an industrially viable level if the reaction took place under a pressure of 150–200 atmospheres and a temperature of 600°C (1,112° F) in the presence of a suitable catalyst—first osmium, later uranium. He devised an apparatus in which a mixture of the gases was pumped through a converter, in which the ammonia formed was withdrawn while the unchanged gases were recirculated. By 1913, Haber's collaborator, Carl Bosch had succeeded in raising this laboratory process to the industrial scale. It was the first successful high-pressure industrial chemical process, and solved the nitrogen problem. The outbreak of the First World War directed the work of the institute in Dahlem to military purposes, and Haber was placed in charge of chemical warfare. In this capacity, he developed poisonous gases as well as the means of defence against them, such as gas masks. The synthetic-ammonia process was diverted to produce nitric acid for explosives. The great benefits and achievement of the Haber-Bosch process were recognized by the award in 1919 of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, but on account of Haber's association with chemical warfare, British, French and American scientists denounced the award; this only added to the sense of bitterness he already felt at his country's defeat in the war. He concentrated on the theoretical studies for which he was renowned, in particular on pyrolysis and autoxidation, and both the Karlsruhe and the Dahlem laboratories became international centres for discussion and research in physical chemistry.

With the Nazi takeover in 1933, Haber found that, as a Jew, he was relegated to second-class status. He did not see why he should appoint staff on account of their grandmothers instead of their ability, so he resigned his posts and went into exile. For some months he accepted hospitality in Cambridge, but he was on his way to a new post in what is now Israel when he died suddenly in Basel, Switzerland.

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