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21 топливный цикл с использованием денатурированного ядерного топлива
Engineering: denatured fuel cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > топливный цикл с использованием денатурированного ядерного топлива
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22 установка топливного цикла ядерного реактора
Engineering: fuel cycle facilityУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > установка топливного цикла ядерного реактора
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23 цикл с увеличенным выгоранием топлива
Engineering: extended-burnup fuel cycle (ядерного)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > цикл с увеличенным выгоранием топлива
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24 топливный цикл
1) Engineering: fuel cycle2) Special term: fuel cycle (процесс использования топлива в ядерном реакторе)3) Makarov: burn-out cycle (реактора), fuel cycle (реактора), fuel cycle (nuclear) (ядерный)4) Electrical engineering: fuel cycle (на АЭС) -
25 однократный топливный цикл
1) Engineering: once-through fuel cycle, throw-away fuel cycle, throwaway fuel cycle2) Electrical engineering: once-through fuel cycle (на АЭС), open fuel cycle (на АЭС)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > однократный топливный цикл
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26 замкнутый топливный цикл
1) Engineering: closed fuel cycle2) Electrical engineering: closed fuel cycle (на АЭС), recycling fuel cycle (на АЭС)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > замкнутый топливный цикл
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27 ядерный топливный цикл
1) Engineering: nuclear fuel cycle2) Abbreviation: ЯТЦ3) Atomic energy: nuclear fuel cycle front-end, NFC (сокр. от "nuclear fuel cycle")Универсальный русско-английский словарь > ядерный топливный цикл
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28 внешний цикл переработки ядерного топлива
1) Engineering: external nuclear-fuel cycle2) Electrical engineering: excore fuel cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > внешний цикл переработки ядерного топлива
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29 внутренний топливный цикл реактора
1) Engineering: in-core reactor fuel cycle2) Electrical engineering: incore reactor fuel cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > внутренний топливный цикл реактора
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30 незамкнутый топливный цикл
1) Engineering: open fuel cycle2) Electrical engineering: nonrecycling fuel cycle (на АЭС)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > незамкнутый топливный цикл
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31 Международная программа по оценке ядерного топливного цикла
1) Engineering: International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Estimation2) Makarov: International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Estimation( INFCE)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Международная программа по оценке ядерного топливного цикла
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32 конец топливного цикла
1) Engineering: back end of fuel cycle (ядерного)2) Nuclear physics: back end of a fuel cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > конец топливного цикла
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33 топливный цикл с низкой вероятностью риска распространения делящихся материалов
1) Engineering: low-proliferation risk fuel cycle2) Nuclear physics: low-proliferation-risk fuel cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > топливный цикл с низкой вероятностью риска распространения делящихся материалов
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34 внереакторный топливный цикл
1) Engineering: out-of-pile fuel cycle2) Makarov: out-of-pile cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > внереакторный топливный цикл
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35 открытый топливный цикл
Power engineering: OTFC (Открытый, в смысле не замкнутый ядерный топливный цикл. Абривеатура от англ. One-Through (open) Fuel Cycle)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > открытый топливный цикл
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36 цикл воспроизводства ядерного топлива
Engineering: fuel-breeding cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > цикл воспроизводства ядерного топлива
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37 цикл впрыска топлива
Engineering: fuel injection cycleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > цикл впрыска топлива
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38 термический кпд
1) Engineering: coefficient of thermal efficiency, cycle efficiency, fuel efficiency, thermal efficiency2) Metallurgy: fuel effervescive, thermal effervescive3) Astronautics: thermal cycle efficiency4) Silicates: heat efficiency5) Electrical engineering: efficiency of cycle -
39 Ricardo, Sir Harry Ralph
[br]b. 26 January 1885 London, Englandd. 18 May 1974 Graffham, Sussex, England[br]English mechanical engineer; researcher, designer and developer of internal combustion engines.[br]Harry Ricardo was the eldest child and only son of Halsey Ricardo (architect) and Catherine Rendel (daughter of Alexander Rendel, senior partner in the firm of consulting civil engineers that later became Rendel, Palmer and Tritton). He was educated at Rugby School and at Cambridge. While still at school, he designed and made a steam engine to drive his bicycle, and by the time he went up to Cambridge in 1903 he was a skilled craftsman. At Cambridge, he made a motor cycle powered by a petrol engine of his own design, and with this he won a fuel-consumption competition by covering almost 40 miles (64 km) on a quart (1.14 1) of petrol. This brought him to the attention of Professor Bertram Hopkinson, who invited him to help with research on turbulence and pre-ignition in internal combustion engines. After leaving Cambridge in 1907, he joined his grandfather's firm and became head of the design department for mechanical equipment used in civil engineering. In 1916 he was asked to help with the problem of loading tanks on to railway trucks. He was then given the task of designing and organizing the manufacture of engines for tanks, and the success of this enterprise encouraged him to set up his own establishment at Shoreham, devoted to research on, and design and development of, internal combustion engines.Leading on from the work with Hopkinson were his discoveries on the suppression of detonation in spark-ignition engines. He noted that the current paraffinic fuels were more prone to detonation than the aromatics, which were being discarded as they did not comply with the existing specifications because of their high specific gravity. He introduced the concepts of "highest useful compression ratio" (HUCR) and "toluene number" for fuel samples burned in a special variable compression-ratio engine. The toluene number was the proportion of toluene in heptane that gave the same HUCR as the fuel sample. Later, toluene was superseded by iso-octane to give the now familiar octane rating. He went on to improve the combustion in side-valve engines by increasing turbulence, shortening the flame path and minimizing the clearance between piston and head by concentrating the combustion space over the valves. By these means, the compression ratio could be increased to that used by overhead-valve engines before detonation intervened. The very hot poppet valve restricted the advancement of all internal combustion engines, so he turned his attention to eliminating it by use of the single sleeve-valve, this being developed with support from the Air Ministry. By the end of the Second World War some 130,000 such aero-engines had been built by Bristol, Napier and Rolls-Royce before the piston aero-engine was superseded by the gas turbine of Whittle. He even contributed to the success of the latter by developing a fuel control system for it.Concurrent with this was work on the diesel engine. He designed and developed the engine that halved the fuel consumption of London buses. He invented and perfected the "Comet" series of combustion chambers for diesel engines, and the Company was consulted by the vast majority of international internal combustion engine manufacturers. He published and lectured widely and fully deserved his many honours; he was elected FRS in 1929, was President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1944–5 and was knighted in 1948. This shy and modest, though very determined man was highly regarded by all who came into contact with him. It was said that research into internal combustion engines, his family and boats constituted all that he would wish from life.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1948. FRS 1929. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1944–5.Bibliography1968, Memo \& Machines. The Pattern of My Life, London: Constable.Further ReadingSir William Hawthorne, 1976, "Harry Ralph Ricardo", Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 22.JBBiographical history of technology > Ricardo, Sir Harry Ralph
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40 регенеративное охлаждение
1) Engineering: regenerative cooling2) Astronautics: closed-cycle cooling, fuel cooling3) Coolers: regenerative coolhouseУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > регенеративное охлаждение
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