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1 by-product
['baɪprɔdʌkt]n( of industrial process) produkt m uboczny; ( of situation) skutek m uboczny* * *noun (something obtained or formed during the making of something else: Coal tar is a by-product of the process of obtaining gas from coal.) produkt uboczny -
2 coke
-
3 kerosene
['kɛrəsiːn]n (US)nafta f* * *['kerəsi:n](paraffin oil, obtained from petroleum or from coal: The jet plane refuelled with kerosene; ( also adjective) a kerosene lamp/stove.) nafta -
4 creosote
['krɪəsəut]nkreozot m* * *['kriəsout](an oily liquid obtained from coal tar, used in preserving wood.) kreozot -
5 mine
I pronII 1. n 2. vta friend of mine — (pewien) (mój) kolega m /(pewna) (moja) koleżanka f
* * *I pronoun(something which belongs to me: Are these pencils yours or mine? He is a friend of mine (= one of my friends).) mój, moja, moje itd.II 1. noun1) (a place (usually underground) from which metals, coal, salt etc are dug: a coalmine; My father worked in the mines.) kopalnia2) (a type of bomb used underwater or placed just beneath the surface of the ground: The ship has been blown up by a mine.) mina2. verb1) (to dig (for metals etc) in a mine: Coal is mined near here.) wydobywać2) (to place explosive mines in: They've mined the mouth of the river.) zaminowywać3) (to blow up with mines: His ship was mined.) wysadzić w powietrze za pomocą min•- miner- mining
- minefield -
6 pit
[pɪt] 1. n( hole dug) dół m, wykop m; (in road, face) dziura f; ( coal mine) kopalnia f; (also: orchestra pit) kanał m dla orkiestry- the pits2. vtto pit one's wits against sb — mierzyć się (zmierzyć się perf) (intelektualnie) z kimś
to pit o.s. against — mierzyć się (zmierzyć się perf) z +instr
to pit sb against sb — rzucać (rzucić perf) kogoś przeciw komuś
* * *I 1. [pit] noun1) (a large hole in the ground: The campers dug a pit for their rubbish.) dół2) (a place from which minerals are dug, especially a coal-mine: a chalk-pit; He works at/down the pit.) kopalnia3) (a place beside a motor race track for repairing and refuelling racing cars: The leading car has gone into the pit(s).) boks2. verb((with against) to set (a person or thing) against another in a fight, competition etc: He was pitted against a much stronger man.) wystawiać do pojedynku- pitfallII 1. [pit] noun(the hard stone of a peach, cherry etc.) pestka2. verb(to remove the stone from (a peach, cherry etc).) drelować -
7 depth
[dɛpθ]n(of hole, water etc) głębokość f; (of emotion, knowledge) głębia fthe depths — czeluść, otchłań
to go out of one's depth ( lit, fig) — tracić (stracić perf) grunt pod nogami
to study sth in depth — studiować (przestudiować perf) coś dogłębnie
* * *[depƟ]1) (the distance from the top downwards or from the surface inwards especially if great: Coal is mined at a depth of 1,000 m.) głębokość2) (intensity or strength especially if great: The depth of colour was astonishing; The depth of his feeling prevented him from speaking.) głębia•- depths- in-depth
- in depth -
8 of
[ɔvˌ əv]prep1) ( usu)2) (from, out of) z +gen3) ( about) o +loc4) (indicating source, direction) od +gen* * *[əv]1) (belonging to: a friend of mine.)2) (away from (a place etc); after (a given time): within five miles of London; within a year of his death.) od3) (written etc by: the plays of Shakespeare.) autorstwa...4) (belonging to or forming a group: He is one of my friends.) z5) (showing: a picture of my father.)6) (made from; consisting of: a dress of silk; a collection of pictures.) z7) (used to show an amount, measurement of something: a gallon of petrol; five bags of coal.)8) (about: an account of his work.)9) (containing: a box of chocolates.)10) (used to show a cause: She died of hunger.) z, od11) (used to show a loss or removal: She was robbed of her jewels.) z12) (used to show the connection between an action and its object: the smoking of a cigarette.)13) (used to show character, qualities etc: a man of courage.) pełen..., z...14) ((American) (of time) a certain number of minutes before (the hour): It's ten minutes of three.) przed -
9 fender
['fɛndə(r)]n( of fireplace) osłona f zabezpieczająca; ( on boat) odbijacz m; (US) ( of car) błotnik m* * *['fendə]1) (anything used to protect a boat from touching another, a pier etc: She hung old car tyres over the side of the boat to act as fenders.) odbijacz2) (a low guard around a fireplace to prevent coal etc from falling out.) krata3) ((American) a wing of a car.) błotnik -
10 tip
[tɪp] 1. n(of paintbrush, tree) czubek m; ( of tongue) koniec m; ( gratuity) napiwek m; ( BRIT) ( for rubbish) wysypisko nt; ( for coal) hałda f; ( advice) rada f, wskazówka f2. vtwaiter dawać (dać perf) napiwek +dat; (bowl, bottle) przechylać (przechylić perf); (also: tip over) przewracać (przewrócić perf); (also: tip out) wysypywać (wysypać perf); ( predict) typować (wytypować perf)Phrasal Verbs:- tip off* * *I 1. [tip] noun(the small or thin end, point or top of something: the tips of my fingers.) koniuszek2. verb(to put, or form, a tip on: The spear was tipped with an iron point.) zakończyć, okuć- tipped- tip-top
- be on the tip of one's tongue II 1. [tip] past tense, past participle - tipped; verb1) (to (make something) slant: The boat tipped to one side.) przechylać (się)2) (to empty (something) from a container, or remove (something) from a surface, with this kind of motion: He tipped the water out of the bucket.) wylewać, wysypywać3) (to dump (rubbish): People have been tipping their rubbish in this field.) rzucać2. noun(a place where rubbish is thrown: a refuse/rubbish tip.) śmietnisko- tip overIII 1. [tip] noun(a gift of money given to a waiter etc, for personal service: I gave him a generous tip.) napiwek2. verb(to give such a gift to.) dać napiwekIV [tip] noun(a piece of useful information; a hint: He gave me some good tips on/about gardening.) rada, wskazówka- tip off -
11 black
[blæk] 1. adj 2. n 3. vt ( BRIT)(INDUSTRY) bojkotować (zbojkotować perf)to give sb a black eye — podbić ( perf) komuś oko
Phrasal Verbs:* * *[blæk] 1. adjective1) (of the colour in which these words are printed: black paint.) czarny2) (without light: a black night; The night was black and starless.) ciemny3) (dirty: Your hands are black!; black hands from lifting coal.) czarny4) (without milk: black coffee.) czarny5) (evil: black magic.) zły6) ((often offensive: currently acceptable in the United States, South Africa etc) Negro, of African, West Indian descent.) kolorowy7) ((especially South Africa) coloured; of mixed descent (increasingly used by people of mixed descent to refer to themselves).) czarnoskóry2. noun1) (the colour in which these words are printed: Black and white are opposites.) czarny kolor, czerń2) (something (eg paint) black in colour: I've used up all the black.) czerń3) ((often with capital: often offensive: currently acceptable in the United states, South Africa etc) a Negro; a person of African, West Indian etc descent.) Murzyn3. verb(to make black.) uczernić- blacken
- black art/magic
- blackbird
- blackboard
- black box
- the Black Death
- black eye
- blackhead
- blacklist 4. verb(to put (a person etc) on such a list.) wciągnąć na czarną listę5. noun(the act of blackmailing: money got by blackmail.) szantaż- Black Maria
- black market
- black marketeer
- blackout
- black sheep
- blacksmith
- black and blue
- black out
- in black and white -
12 coalmine
-
13 cut off
vtpiece, village, supply odcinać (odciąć perf); limb obcinać (obciąć perf); ( TEL) rozłączać (rozłączyć perf)* * *1) (to interrupt or break a telephone connection: I was cut off in the middle of the telephone call.) przerywać2) (to separate: They were cut off from the rest of the army.) odcinać3) (to stop or prevent delivery of: They've cut off our supplies of coal.) odcinać -
14 face
[feɪs] 1. n ( ANAT)twarz f; ( expression) mina f; ( of clock) tarcza f; (of mountain, cliff) ściana f; (of cube, dice) ścianka f; ( fig) oblicze nt2. vtperson direction, object zwracać się (zwrócić się perf) twarzą do +gen; unpleasant situation stawiać (stawić perf) czoło +dat; building, seat być zwróconym w kierunku +gento make/pull a face — robić (zrobić perf) minę
in the face of — w obliczu +gen
face to face (with) — twarzą w twarz (z +instr)
to be facing sb/sth — person być zwróconym twarzą do kogoś/czegoś
to face the fact that … — przyjmować (przyjąć perf) do wiadomości (fakt), że …
Phrasal Verbs:* * *[feis] 1. noun1) (the front part of the head, from forehead to chin: a beautiful face.) twarz2) (a surface especially the front surface: a rock face.) powierzchnia3) (in mining, the end of a tunnel etc where work is being done: a coal face.) przodek2. verb1) (to be opposite to: My house faces the park.) wychodzić na2) (to turn, stand etc in the direction of: She faced him across the desk.) stanąć naprzeciw3) (to meet or accept boldly: to face one's fate.) stawić czoło•- - faced- facial
- facing
- facecloth
- facelift
- face-powder
- face-saving
- face value
- at face value
- face the music
- face to face
- face up to
- in the face of
- lose face
- make/pull a face
- on the face of it
- put a good face on it
- save one's face -
15 haul
[hɔːl] 1. vt 2. n( stolen goods etc) łup m, zdobycz f; ( of fish) połów m* * *[ho:l] 1. verb1) (to pull with great effort or difficulty: Horses are used to haul barges along canals.) holować2) (to carry by some form of transport: Coal is hauled by road and rail.) transportować2. noun1) (a strong pull: He gave the rope a haul.) szarpnięcie2) (the amount of anything, especially fish, that is got at one time: The fishermen had a good haul; The thieves got away from the jeweller's with a good haul.) połów, zdobycz•- haulage- haulier
- a long haul -
16 shovel
['ʃʌvl] 1. nszufla f, łopata f; ( mechanical) koparka f2. vt* * *1. noun(a tool like a spade, with a short handle, used for scooping up and moving coal, gravel etc.) szufla2. verb(to move (as if) with a shovel, especially in large quantities: He shovelled snow from the path; Don't shovel your food into your mouth!) szuflować -
17 tar
[tɑː]nsmoła flow/middle tar cigarettes — papierosy o niskiej/średniej zawartości substancji smolistych
* * *1. noun(any of several kinds of thick, black, sticky material obtained from wood, coal etc and used eg in roadmaking.) smoła2. verb(to cover with tar: The road has just been tarred.) smołować- tarry
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