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1 conception
conception [kɔ̃sεpsjɔ̃]feminine nouna. [d'enfant, projet] conception ; [de produit] designb. ( = idée) idea ; ( = réalisation) creation* * *kɔ̃sɛpsjɔ̃1) Biologie conception2) ( formulation d'idée) conception3) ( élaboration de la forme) design4) ( idée) idea; ( façon de voir) conception* * *kɔ̃sɛpsjɔ̃ nfconception, [machine] design* * *conception nf1 Biol conception;2 ( formulation d'idée) conception; la conception de l'œuvre a été lente it took a long time to conceive the work;3 ( élaboration de la forme) design; au stade de la conception at the design stage; voiture d'une conception révolutionnaire car with a revolutionary design;4 ( idée) idea; ( façon de voir) conception; elle a une conception bizarre de la fidélité she has a pretty odd conception ou idea of fidelity; ils ont une conception différente du mariage they don't share the same views on marriage, they have a different conception of marriage.conception assistée par ordinateur, CAO computer-aided design, CAD; conception et fabrication assistées par ordinateur, CFAO CAD-CAM; conception de programmes assistée par ordinateur, CPAO computer-aided software engineering, CASE.[kɔ̃sɛpsjɔ̃] nom féminin2. (littéraire) [compréhension] understanding4. [élaboration - généralement] design ; [ - par une entreprise] product design5. INFORMATIQUE -
2 новинка
1) General subject: gimmick, latest, news, nova, novelty, speciality (о товаре), specialty (о товаре)2) French: nouveaute3) Mathematics: something new4) Trade: latest offer5) Economy: product innovation, recent development, specialty7) Cinema: catch-up8) Perfume: innovation, newcomer9) Advertising: new development, sensation10) Business: newly-designed product11) Makarov: latest thing, the latest thing -
3 régime
régime [ʀeʒim]masculine nounb. ( = système administratif) system ; ( = règlements) regulations• se marier sous le régime de la communauté/de la séparation de biens to opt for a marriage settlement based on joint ownership of property/on separate ownership of propertyd. (diététique) diet• être/mettre qn au régime to be/put sb on a diet• régime sans sel/basses calories salt-free/low-calorie diete. [de moteur] speed• à ce régime, nous n'aurons bientôt plus d'argent at this rate we'll soon have no money left• fonctionner or marcher or tourner à plein régime [moteur] to run at top speed ; [usine] to run at full capacity• baisse de régime ( = ralentissement) slowdownf. [de pluies, fleuve] régimeg. [de dattes, bananes] bunch* * *ʀeʒimnom masculin1) ( alimentation) dietêtre/se mettre au régime — to be/to go on a diet
2) Politique ( mode de gouvernement) system (of government); ( gouvernement) government; ( totalitaire) regime3) ( conditions) system, regime5) Droittourner à plein régime — [moteur] to run at top speed; [usine] to work at full capacity
à ce régime — fig at this rate
8) Géographie, Météorologie regime9) ( de bananes) bunch; ( de dattes) cluster10) Linguistique object* * *ʀeʒim nm1) POLITIQUE regime2) ADMINISTRATION, DROIT (carcéral, fiscal) system3) MÉDECINE diet4) TECHNIQUE, AUTOMOBILES (engine) speedà haut régime — at high revs, fig
L'économie tourne à plein régime. — The economy is running at full capacity.
5) GÉOGRAPHIE, [fleuve] rate of flow6) [bananes, dattes]* * *régime nm1 ( alimentation) diet; régime sans sel/sucre/graisse salt-/sugar-/fat-free diet; régime lacté/hautes calories milk/high-calorie diet; être/se mettre au régime to be/to go on a diet; suivre un régime to be on a diet; être au régime jockey○ hum to be on a starvation diet; être au régime sec hum to be on the wagon○; produit de régime dietary product;2 Pol ( mode de gouvernement) system (of government); ( gouvernement) government; ( totalitaire) regime; régime parlementaire parliamentary system;3 ( conditions) system, regime; régime pénitentiaire/scolaire prison/school system; régime de faveur preferential treatment;4 Admin ( organisation) scheme; ( règlement) regulations; régime d'assurances/de retraite insurance/pension scheme; régime des changes/d'échanges exchange/trade regulations; régime complémentaire private pension scheme that supplements the state scheme;5 Jur régime matrimonial marriage settlement; régime de la communauté des biens agreement whereby a married couple's property is jointly owned; régime de la séparation des biens agreement whereby each spouse retains ownership of his/her property;6 Mécan ( rythme) (running) speed; bas/haut régime low/high revs; tourner à plein régime [moteur] to run at top speed; [usine] to work at full capacity; à ce régime fig at this rate;9 ( de bananes) bunch; ( de dattes) cluster, bunch;[reʒim] nom masculinrégime militaire/parlementaire/totalitaire military/parliamentary/totalitarian regime[gouvernement] regimerégime de Sécurité socialesubdivision of the French social security system applying to certain professional groupsêtre marié sous le régime de la communauté to opt for a marriage based on joint ownership of property3. ÉCONOMIE4. MÉDECINEêtre au régime to be on a diet, to be dietingtravailler à plein régime [personne] to work flat outrégime de croisière economic ou cruising speed6. GÉOGRAPHIErégime d'un fleuve rate of flow, regimen of a riverrégime glaciaire/nivo-glaciaire/nivo-pluvial glacial/snow and ice/snow and rain regimele régime des vents the prevailing winds ou wind system7. LINGUISTIQUErégime direct/indirect direct/indirect object9. BOTANIQUEun régime de bananes a hand ou stem ou bunch of bananasun régime de dattes a bunch ou cluster of datesThe French Sécurité sociale system is divided into the following types of régimes: 1. Le régime général des salariés, which provides social security cover for people in paid employment.2. Les régimes spéciaux, which provide tailor-made cover for certain socioprofessional groups (civil servants, miners, students, etc).3. Les régimes particuliers, designed for the self-employed.4. Les régimes complémentaires, which provide additional retirement cover for wage-earners. -
4 fonction
c black fonction [fɔ̃ksjɔ̃]feminine nouna. functionc black b. ( = métier) office━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ Le mot anglais s'écrit avec - un- au début.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━The term la fonction publique has great cultural significance in France, and covers a much broader range of activities than the English term « civil service ». There are almost three million « fonctionnaires » (also known as « agents de l'État ») in France. They include teachers, social services staff, post office workers and employees of the French rail service.Because this status theoretically guarantees total job security, « fonctionnaires » are sometimes stereotyped as being unfairly privileged compared to private sector employees. → CONCOURS* * *fɔ̃ksjɔ̃prendre ses fonctions, entrer en fonctions — to take up one's post
2) ( dépendance)3) ( rôle) function4) Mathématique, Informatique, Chimie, Biologie function5) ( secteur) profession6) Technologie function7) Linguistique function•Phrasal Verbs:* * *fɔ̃ksjɔ̃1. nf1) (= rôle) function2) (= emploi, poste) post, positionvoiture de fonction [salarié] — company car, [ministre] official car
3) MATHÉMATIQUE, LINGUISTIQUE function4) (locutions)être fonction de (= dépendre de) — to depend on
en fonction de (= selon) — according to
2. fonctions nfpl(professionnelles) dutiesentrer en fonctions (entreprise, administration) — to take up one's post, to take up one's duties, POLITIQUEto take up office
* * *fonction nf1 Admin, Entr ( poste) post; ( activité) duties (pl); prendre ses fonctions, entrer en fonctions to take up one's post; depuis votre prise de or entrée en fonctions since you took up your post; se démettre/être démis de ses fonctions gén to resign/to be dismissed from one's post; [membre du gouvernement] to resign/to be dismissed from office; dans le cadre de mes fonctions as part of my duties; dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions while carrying out their duties; la formation n'entre pas dans leurs fonctions training is not part of their duties; occuper la fonction de secrétaire to hold the position of secretary; quitter ses fonctions to leave one's job; être/rester en fonction(s) to be/stay in office; logement de fonction accommodation provided with the job; voiture de fonction company car; occuper d'importantes fonctions to hold important office; être appelé à de hautes fonctions to be called to high office;2 ( dépendance) en fonction de according to; être fonction de to vary according to; réagir en fonction de cinq paramètres to react according to five parameters; le salaire est fonction des diplômes the salary varies according to qualifications;3 ( rôle) function; fonction d'une machine/un produit function of a machine/a product; avoir pour fonction de faire to be designed to do; faire fonction de to serve as; faire fonction de dessert/levier to serve as dessert/a lever;4 Biol function; les fonctions hépatiques liver functions; la fonction crée l'organe the organ is shaped by its function;5 Math, Ordinat function; fonction du deuxième degré second degree function; fonction continue/dérivée/exponentielle/périodique continuous/derived/exponential/periodic function;6 ( secteur) profession; fonction enseignante/médicale teaching/medical profession;7 Tech function; la fonction avance rapide est en panne the fast forward function does not work;8 Chimie function; fonction acide/base acid/base function;9 Ling function; fonctionsujet/complément subject/complement function; fonction connotative/dénotative connotative/denotative function.fonction de fonctions Math functional; fonction primitive Ordinat primitive; fonction publique Admin civil service; entrer dans la fonction publique to join the civil service.[fɔ̃ksjɔ̃] nom féminin1. [emploi] officeentrer en fonction ou fonctions to take up one's postremplir ses fonctions to carry out one's job ou functionsse démettre de ses fonctions to resign one's post ou from one's duties2. [rôle] functionla pièce a pour fonction de maintenir l'équilibre de la balance the part serves to keep the scales balanced3. [dépendre de]————————de fonction locution adjectivale————————en fonction de locution prépositionnelle————————fonction publique nom fémininla fonction publique the civil ou public service -
5 Concorde
Franco-British supersonic aircraft, in service from 1976 to 2003: the world's only supersonic commercial airliner. Concorde had a distinguished career, until this was brought to a stop following a fatal accident in the year 2000, at Gonesse, near Paris. All Concordes were withdrawn from service (by BA and Air France) following this disaster, and though the plane later took to the air again, commercial operations were stopped in 2003, following further fears about the plane's safety. Concorde was a magnificent product of the brave new world of 1960's optimism, designed at a time when environmental considerations and fuel economy were just not issues. Its extravagent operating costs meant that it was never really profitable except on the London-New York route, and was never bought by any airlines other than the British and French national flag carriers. It was nonetheless a magnificent symbol of prestige, used by Presidents and other VIPs, as well as a fantastic technological achievement. This technological prowess seems even more significant, when one remembers that Concorde was designed and built at a time when computer operated systems were in their infancy.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Concorde
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6 НКУ распределения и управления
- switchgear/controlgear
- switchgear and controlgear
- switchboard
- PSC-assembly
- power switchgear and controlgear assembly
- panel
- LV switchgear assembly
- LV switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low voltage switchboard
- low voltage controlgear and assembly
- electrical switchboard
- assembly
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления (НКУ)
Низковольтные коммутационные аппараты и устройства управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования, собранные совместно, со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями и конструктивными элементами.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439-1-2012]
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления
Комбинация низковольтных коммутационных аппаратов с устройствами управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования и т. п., полностью смонтированных изготовителем НКУ (под его ответственность на единой конструктивной основе) со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями с соответствующими конструктивными элементами
Примечания
1. В настоящем стандарте сокращение НКУ используют для обозначения низковольтных комплектных устройств распределения и управления.
2. Аппараты, входящие в состав НКУ, могут быть электромеханическими или электронными.
3. По различным причинам, например по условиям транспортирования или изготовления, некоторые операции сборки могут быть выполнены на месте установки, вне предприятия-изготовителя.
[ ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60439-1-92)]EN
power switchgear and controlgear assembly (PSC-assembly)
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly used to distribute and control energy for all types of loads, intended for industrial, commercial and similar applications where operation by ordinary persons is not intended
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signalling, protective, regulation equipment, etc., completely assembled under the responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts.
[IEC 61892-3, ed. 2.0 (2007-11)]
switchgear and controlgear
a general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEV number 441-11-01]
switchgear and controlgear
electric equipment intended to be connected to an electric circuit for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the following functions: protection, control, isolation, switching
NOTE – The French and English terms can be considered as equivalent in most cases. However, the French term has a broader meaning than the English term and includes for example connecting devices, plugs and socket-outlets, etc. In English, these latter devices are known as accessories.
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
switchboard
A large single electric control panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted (either on the back or on the face, or both) switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments; not intended for installation in a cabinet but may be completely enclosed in metal; usually is accessible from both the front and rear.
[ McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture & Construction]
switchboard
One or more panels accommodating control switches, indicators, and other apparatus for operating electric circuits
[ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language]FR
ensemble d'appareillage de puissance (ensemble PSC)
ensemble d'appareillage à basse tension utilisé pour répartir et commander l'énergie pour tous les types de charges et prévu pour des applications industrielles, commerciales et analogues dans lesquelles l'exploitation par des personnes ordinaires n'est pas prévue
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
appareillage, m
matériel électrique destiné à être relié à un circuit électrique en vue d'assurer une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes: protection, commande, sectionnement, connexion
NOTE – Les termes français et anglais peuvent être considérés comme équivalents dans la plupart des cas. Toutefois, le terme français couvre un domaine plus étendu que le terme anglais, et comprend notamment les dispositifs de connexion, les prises de courant, etc. En anglais, ces derniers sont dénommés "accessories".
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu'aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEV number 441-11-01]
A switchboard as defined in the National Electrical Code is a large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted, on the face or back or both switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and, usually, instruments.
Switchboards are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not intended to be installed in cabinets.
The types of switchboards, classified by basic features of construction, are as follows:
1. Live-front vertical panels
2. Dead-front boards
3. Safety enclosed boards( metal-clad)
[American electricians’ handbook]
The switchboard plays an essential role in the availability of electric power, while meeting the needs of personal and property safety.
Its definition, design and installation are based on precise rules; there is no place for improvisation.
The IEC 61439 standard aims to better define " low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies", ensuring that the specified performances are reached.
It specifies in particular:
> the responsibilities of each player, distinguishing those of the original equipment manufacturer - the organization that performed the original design and associated verification of an assembly in accordance with the standard, and of the assembly manufacturer - the organization taking responsibility for the finished assembly;
> the design and verification rules, constituting a benchmark for product certification.
All the component parts of the electrical switchboard are concerned by the IEC 61439 standard.
Equipment produced in accordance with the requirements of this switchboard standard ensures the safety and reliability of the installation.
A switchboard must comply with the requirements of standard IEC 61439-1 and 2 to guarantee the safety and reliability of the installation.
Managers of installations, fully aware of the professional and legal liabilities weighing on their company and on themselves, demand a high level of safety for the electrical installation.
What is more, the serious economic consequences of prolonged halts in production mean that the electrical switchboard must provide excellent continuity of service, whatever the operating conditions.
[Schneider Electric]НКУ играет главную роль в обеспечении электроэнергией, удовлетворяя при этом всем требованиям по безопасности людей и сохранности имущества.
Выбор конструкции, проектирование и монтаж основаны на чётких правилах, не допускающих никакой импровизации.
Требования к низковольтным комплектным устройствам распределения и управления сформулированы в стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000).
В частности, он определяет:
> распределение ответственности между изготовителем НКУ - организацией, разработавшей конструкцию НКУ и проверившей его на соответствие требованиям стандарта, и сборщиком – организацией, выполнившей сборку НКУ;
> конструкцию, технические характеристики, виды и методы испытаний НКУ.
В стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000) описываются все компоненты НКУ.
Оборудование, изготовленное в соответствии с требованиями этого стандарта, обеспечивает безопасность и надежность электроустановки.
Для того чтобы гарантировать безопасность эксплуатации и надежность работы электроустановки, распределительный щит должен соответствовать требованиям стандарта МЭК 61439-1 и 2.
Лица, ответственные за электроустановки, должны быть полностью осведомлены о профессиональной и юридической ответственности, возложенной на их компанию и на них лично, за обеспечение высокого уровня безопасности эксплуатации этих электроустановок.
Кроме того, поскольку длительные перерывы производства приводят к серьезным экономическим последствиям, электрический распределительный щит должен обеспечивать надежную и бесперебойную работу независимо от условий эксплуатации.
[Перевод Интент]LV switchgear assemblies are undoubtedly the components of the electric installation more subject to the direct intervention of personnel (operations, maintenance, etc.) and for this reason users demand from them higher and higher safety requirements.
The compliance of an assembly with the state of the art and therefore, presumptively, with the relevant technical Standard, cannot be based only on the fact that the components which constitute it comply with the state of the art and therefore, at least presumptively, with the relevant technical standards.
In other words, the whole assembly must be designed, built and tested in compliance with the state of the art.
Since the assemblies under consideration are low voltage equipment, their rated voltage shall not exceed 1000 Va.c. or 1500 Vd.c. As regards currents, neither upper nor lower limits are provided in the application field of this Standard.
The Standard IEC 60439-1 states the construction, safety and maintenance requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, without dealing with the functional aspects which remain a competence of the designer of the plant for which the assembly is intended.
[ABB]Низковольтные комплектные устройства (НКУ), вне всякого сомнения, являются частями электроустановок, которые наиболее подвержены непосредственному вмешательству оперативного, обслуживающего и т. п. персонала. Вот почему требования потребителей к безопасности НКУ становятся все выше и выше.
Соответствие НКУ современному положению дел и вследствие этого, гипотетически, соответствующим техническим стандартам, не может основываться только на том факте, что составляющие НКУ компоненты соответствуют современному состоянию дел и поэтому, по крайней мере, гипотетически, - соответствующим техническим стандартам
Другими словами, НКУ должно быть разработано, изготовлено и испытано в соответствии с современными требованиями.
Мы рассматриваем низковольтные комплектные устройства и это означает, что их номинальное напряжение не превышает 1000 В переменного тока или 1500 В постоянного тока. Что касается тока, то ни верхнее, ни нижнее значение стандартами, относящимися к данной области, не оговариваются
Стандарт МЭК 60439-1 устанавливает требования к конструкции, безопасности и техническому обслуживанию низковольтных комплектных устройств без учета их функций, полагая, что функции НКУ являются компетенцией проектировщиков электроустановки, частью которых эти НКУ являются.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Классификация
>>>Действия
Синонимы
Сопутствующие термины
EN
- assembly
- electrical switchboard
- low voltage controlgear and assembly
- low voltage switchboard
- low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear assembly
- panel
- power switchgear and controlgear assembly
- PSC-assembly
- switchboard
- switchgear and controlgear
- switchgear/controlgear
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > НКУ распределения и управления
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7 wasabi
( JAPAN)very hot, green Japanese horseradish.Green relative of horseradish that is primarily used with sushi and sashimi.♦ Japanese plant with green roots tasting like strong horseradish and used in cooking in the form of green paste. Many people call it "Japanese mustard", although it is not related to the mustard plant.♦ a hot, spicy condiment made from the roots of Japanese horseradish, chartreuse in color♦ Called Japanese horseradish, this is a root that is dried and ground to a fine powder. This powder is then reconstituted and used for dipping sauce with soy sauce when eating sushi and sashimi. Water Bath -The French call this cooking technique Bain Marie. It consists of placing a container of food in a large, shallow pan of warm water, which surrounds the food with consistent gentle heat. The food may be cooked in this manner either in an oven or on top of a range. This technique is designed to cook delicate dishes such as custards, sauces and savory mousses without breaking or curdling them. It can also be used to keep foods warm. The principle is that the water in the water bath must come to the level of the product being cooked within the container.♦ Japanese horseradish style flavoring, comes in tubes or powder. maya’s bachan (grandma) has a wasabi farm on the side of a mountain and it’s very cool
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