fixum+est

fīgo, xi, xum, 3 (archaic part. perf. ficta, Lucr. 3, 4; Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 4), v. a. [Gr. sphing-ô, to bind fast; sphigmos, phimos, muzzle; cf. fīlum, for figlum. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 186; Germ. dick. dicht; Engl. thick. etc., Corss. Krit. Nachtr. p. 233], to fix, fasten, drive or thrust in, attach, affix (class.; cf.: pango, configo, defigo).

Lit., constr. aliquid, aliquid in with abl. ( poet. also in with acc., or aliquid with abl. only):

imbrices medias clavulis,

Cato, R. R. 21, 3:

palum in parietem,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 4:

mucrones in cive an in hoste,

Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 6:

tabulam decreti Caesaris aut beneficii,

to post up, id. ib. 1, 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 12, 5 fin.:

Antonius accepta grandi pecunia fixit legem a dictatore comitiis latam,

i. e. posted it up as having been carried, id. Att. 14, 12, 1; cf.:

adsentiri, ne qua tabula ullius decreti Caesaris figeretur,

id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

fixit leges pretio atque refixit,

Verg. A. 6, 622:

quique aera legum vetustate delapsa, noscerent figerentque,

Tac. H. 4, 40:

nec verba minacia aere fixo legebantur,

Ov. M. 1, 91:

quam damnatis crucem servis fixeras,

hadst fixed in the ground, erected, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 12:

feraces plantas humo,

to plant, set, Verg. G. 4, 115:

clavos verticibus,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 5:

cuneos,

Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 109 (dub.):

veribus trementia (frusta),

to fix on spits, Verg. A. 1, 212:

spicula pectore,

Prop. 2, 13, 2 (3, 4, 2 M.);

for which: harundo in vertice fixa,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 7:

cristas vertice,

Verg. A. 10, 701:

fumantes taedas sub pectore,

id. ib. 7, 457:

notas in collo dente,

to impress, Tib. 1, 8, 38:

virus in venas per vulnera,

injects, Cic. Arat. 432: vestigia, plants his steps, i. e. moves on, Verg. A. 6, 159:

arma quae fixa in parietibus fuerant,

fastened up, hung up, Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74; cf.:

scuta sublime fixa,

id. ib. 2, 31, 67:

arma ad postem Herculis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 5:

arma thalamo,

Verg. A. 4, 495:

arma Troïa hic,

id. ib. 1, 248:

clipeum postibus,

id. ib. 3, 287:

dona Laurenti Divo,

id. ib. 12, 768: ID AES AD STATVAM LORICATAM DIVI IVLII, S. C. ap. Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 13:

qui spolia ex hoste fixa domi haberent,

Liv. 23, 23, 6; 38, 43, 11:

navalem coronam fastigio Palatinae domus,

Suet. Claud. 17:

luteum opus celsā sub trabe (hirundo),

Ov. F. 1, 158: ipse summis saxis fixus asperis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107, and id. Pis. 19, 43 (Trag. v. 413 ed. Vahl.):

aliquem cruci,

nail, Quint. 7, 1, 30; Suet. Dom. 10:

corpus lacerum in crucem (al. cruce),

Just. 21, 4 fin.:

figit in virgine vultus,

fixes, Verg. A. 12, 70:

oculos solo,

id. ib. 1, 482:

oculos in terram,

Sen. Ep. 11: in poet. transf.:

oculos horrenda in virgine fixus,

Verg. A. 11, 507 (cf.:

defixus lumina vultu,

id. ib. 6, 156; Tac. A. 3, 1):

Caesar in silentium fixus,

Tac. A. 6, 50 (56):

obstipo capite et figentes lumine terram,

Pers. 3, 80:

foribus miser oscula figit,

kisses, Lucr. 4, 1179:

oscula dulcia,

Verg. A. 1, 687:

sedem Cumis,

to fix his abode, Juv. 3, 2:

domos,

Tac. A. 13, 54.—

Transf., to fix by piercing through, to transfix, pierce (cf. configo, II.):

hunc intorto figit telo,

Verg. A. 10, 382:

hunc jaculo acuto,

Ov. M. 10, 131: hostes telis, Auct. B. Alex. 30 fin.:

fixisse puellas gestit (Cupido),

Tib. 2, 1, 71:

cervos,

Verg. E. 2, 29:

dammas,

id. G. 1, 308; id. A. 5, 515; Sil. 1, 305:

cutem (clavi),

Sen. Prov. 3:

olli per galeam fixo stetit hasta cerebro,

Verg. A. 12, 537:

aprum,

Juv. 1, 23:

figar a sagitta,

Ov. H. 16, 278:

vulnus,

to inflict, Mart. 1, 61, 4.

Trop.

To fix, fasten, direct.

With in and abl.: ego omnia mea studia, omnem operam, curam, industriam, cogitationem, [p. 749] mentem denique omnem in Milonis consulatu fixi et locavi, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 3.—

With in and acc. (rare):

fixus in silentium,

Tac. A. 6, 50.—

In other constructions:

beneficium, quemadmodum dicitur, trabali clavo,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

nostras intra te fige querelas,

Juv. 9, 94:

penitus hoc se malum fixit,

Sen. Tranq. 15:

nequitiae fige modum tuae,

Hor. C. 3, 15, 2. —

(Acc. to I. B.) Of speech, to sting; taunt, rally a person:

aliquem maledictis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 93:

adversarios,

id. Or. 26, 89.—Hence, fixus, a, um, P. a., fixed, fast, immovable.

Lit. (very rare):

illud maneat et fixum sit,

Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 25:

inque tuis nunc Fixa pedum pono pressis vestigia signis,

i. e. firmly fixed in, Lucr. 3, 4; cf.

in the foll.: astra,

the fixed stars, Manil. 2, 35; so,

flammae,

Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 15.— Far more freq.,

Trop.:

vestigia (integritatis) non pressa leviter, sed fixa ad memoriam illius provinciae sempiternam,

Cic. Sest. 5, 13:

non ita fixum, ut convelli non liceret,

id. Clu. 45, 126: fixum et statutum, id. Mur., 30, 62; cf.:

consilium fixum,

id. Att. 6, 14, 2:

animo fixum immotumque sedere, ne, etc.,

Verg. A, 4, 15: fixum est, with a subj.-clause, it is fixed, determined, Sil. 2, 364; 3, 114:

decretum stabile, fixum, ratum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27; cf.:

ratum, fixum, firmum,

permanent, id. ib. 2, 46, 141:

illud fixum in animis vestris tenetote,

fixed, impressed, id. Balb. 28, 64: quae perpetuo animo meo fixa manebunt, Lepid. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 3.— Adv.: fixe, fixedly (late Lat.):

ubi tenacius habitabit et fixius,

Aug. Ep. 6 fin.

stăbĭlis, e, adj. [sto, prop. where one can stand; hence, pregn.], that stands firm; firm, steadfast, steady, stable (class.; esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: firmus, constans).

Lit.:

via plana et stabilis (opp. praeceps et lubrica),

Cic. Fl. 42, 105:

locus ad insistendum,

Liv. 44, 5, 10:

solum,

id. 44, 9, 7:

stabulum,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 56:

domus,

id. Merc. 3, 4, 68:

medio sedet insula ponto,

Ov. F. 4, 303:

per stabilem ratem tamquam viam,

Liv. 21, 28, 8:

elephanti pondere ipso stabiles,

id. 21, 28, 12:

stabilior Romanus erat,

was more firm, stood his ground better, id. 44, 35, 19; cf.:

stabili gradu impetum hostium excipere,

id. 6, 12, 8; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

Romani stabili pugnae assueti,

Liv. 28, 2, 7:

pugna,

id. 31, 35, 6:

acies,

id. 30, 11, 9:

proelium,

Tac. A. 2, 21:

quae domus tam stabilis, quae tam firma civitas est, quae? etc.,

Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

stabilis pulsus,

a steady pulse, Plin. 11, 37, 89, § 219:

venae aquarum,

steadily flowing, id. 30, 3, 28, § 48.—

Trop., firm, enduring, durable, stable; immutable, unwavering; steadfast, intrepid (syn.:

firmus, constans, certus): fundamentum,

Lucr. 5, 1121:

amici firmi et stabiles et constantes,

Cic. Lael. 17, 62:

stabilem se in amicitiā praestare,

id. ib. 17, 64:

stabile et fixum et permanens bonum,

id. Tusc. 5, 14, 40:

decretum stabile, fixum, ratum,

id. Ac. 2, 9, 27:

stabilis certaque sententia (opp. errans et vaga),

id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: urbs sedem stabilem non habebit, id. Marcell. 9, 29:

matrimonium stabile et certum,

id. Phil. 2, 18, 44:

stabilis et certa possessio,

id. Lael. 15, 55:

praecepta firma, stabilia,

id. Off. 1, 2, 6:

opinio,

id. N. D. 2, 2, 5:

oratio stabilis ac non mutata,

id. Mil. 34, 92:

nihil est tam ad diuturnitatem memoriae stabile quam, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 129:

animus stabilis amicis,

id. Inv. 1, 30, 47:

virtus, Quae maneat stabili cum fugit illa (Fortuna) pede,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 30.—Of springs:

aquae certae, stabilesque et salubres,

unfailing, perennial, Plin. 31, 3, 28, § 48: eam (summam voluptatem) tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit: eam stabilem appellas (opp. in motu), i. e. a fixed state or condition, Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 75.—Of feet, syllables, etc., in verse:

spondei,

Hor. A. P. 256; so,

pedes, dochmius, syllabae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 4, 97 sq.: stabilia probant, i. e. consisting of such feet, etc., id. 9, 4, 116.— Comp.:

imperium stabilius,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 41.— Sup.: quaestus stabilissimus, Cato, R. R. praef. fin. —

Stabile est, with subject - clause, like certum est, it is settled, it is decided:

profecto stabile'st, me patri aurum reddere,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 25.—Hence, adv.: stăbĭlĭter (acc. to I.), firmly, durably, permanently (very rare):

includatur tympanum,

Vitr. 10, 14.— Comp.:

fundare molem,

Suet. Claud. 20.

firmus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. dhar-, dharā-mi, hold, support; Gr. thra-, thrê-sasthai, to sit down, thrênus, thronos; cf.: frētus, frēnum], firm (in opp. to frail, destructible), steadfast, stable, strong, powerful (freq. and class.; esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: constans, stabilis, solidus).

Lit.:

nos fragili vastum ligno sulcavimus aequor: Quae tulit Aesoniden, firma carina fuit,

Ov. P. 1, 4, 35:

robora,

Verg. A. 2, 481:

arbor,

Ov. A. A. 2, 652:

vincula,

id. F. 1, 370:

janua,

i. e. shut fast, id. Am. 2, 12, 3; cf.

sera,

id. P. 1, 2, 24:

solum,

Curt. 5, 1:

firmioris testae murices,

Plin. 9, 33, 52, § 102: sunt et Amineae vites, firmissima vina. Verg. G. 2, 97:

firmo cibo pasta pecus,

strengthening, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 2:

firmius est triticum quam milium: id ipsum quam hordeum: ex tritico firmissima siligo,

Cels. 2, 18:

effice ut valeas, et ut ad nos firmus ac valens quam primum venias,

Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1 and 2; cf.:

mihi placebat, si firmior esses, etc.,

id. ib. 16, 5, 1:

nondum satis firmo corpore,

id. ib. 11, 27, 1:

hinc remiges firmissimi, illinc inopia affectissimi,

Vell. 2, 84, 2.—With dat.:

area firma templis sustinendis,

Liv. 2, 5, 4:

testa in structura oneri ferendo firma,

Vitr. 2, 8, 19:

adversis,

Tac. Agr. 35 fin.

Trop., firm in strength or durability, also in opinion, affection, etc., fast, constant, steadfast, immovable, powerful, strong, true, faithful:

quae enim domus tam stabilis, quae tam firma civitas est, quae non odiis et discidiis funditus possit everti?

Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

res publica firma atque robusta,

id. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf.:

civitas imprimis firma,

Caes. B. G. 5, 54, 2:

Trinobantes prope firmissima earum regionum civitas,

id. ib. 5, 20, 1; cf.

also: Mutina firmissima et splendidissima colonia,

Cic. Phil. 5, 9, 24:

tres potentissimi ac firmissimi populi,

id. ib. 1, 3 fin.; and:

evocatorum firma manus,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 3: Antonius ab equitatu firmus esse dicebatur, strong in cavalry, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 2.— With ad and acc.: satis firmus ad castra facienda, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 1:

Chrysippi consolatio ad veritatem firmissima est,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 79:

exercitus satis firmus ad tantum bellum,

Liv. 23, 25, 6; cf.:

cohortes minime firmae ad dimicandum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 60, 2; Sall. H. 4, 62, 16.— With contra: Jugurtha nihil satis firmum contra Metellum putat, Sall. J. 80, 1.—With adversus:

firmus adversus militarem largitionem,

Tac. H. 2, 82:

firmior adversus fortuita,

id. ib. 4, 51:

adversus convicia malosque rumores,

Suet. Tib. 28.— Absol.:

cum neque magnas copias neque firmas haberet,

Nep. Eum. 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 8; Sall. J. 56, 2:

concordi populo nihil esse immutabilius, nihil firmius,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32:

praesidia firmissima,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 35:

fundamenta defensionis firmissima,

id. Cael. 2, 7:

firmior fortuna,

id. Rep. 1, 17:

constitutio Romuli,

id. ib. 2, 31 (ap. Non. 526, 10):

illud ratum, firmum, fixum fuisse vis,

Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141:

officii praecepta firma, stabilia,

id. Off. 1, 2, 6; cf.:

opinio, firma et stabilis,

id. Brut. 30, 114:

firma et constans assensio,

id. Ac. 1, 11, 42:

ne in maximis quidem rebus quicquam adhuc inveni firmius,

id. Or. 71, 237:

spem firmissimam habere,

id. Fam. 6, 5, 4; cf.

, transf.: firmior candidatus,

i. e. who has stronger, greater hopes of being elected, id. Att. 1, 1, 2:

litterae,

i. e. containing news that may be relied upon, id. ib. 7, 25; cf. id. ib. 16, 5:

senatum sua sponte bene firmum firmiorem vestra auctoritate fecistis,

id. Phil. 6, 7, 18; cf.:

vir in suscepta causa firmissimus,

id. Mil. 33, 91:

accusator firmus verusque,

id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29;

with this cf.: vir pro veritate firmissimus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 19:

sunt fortasse in sententia firmiores,

id. Balb. 27, 61:

firmus in hoc,

Tib. 3, 2, 5:

non firmus rectum defendis et haeres,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 26:

firmus proposito,

Vell. 2, 63 fin.; so,

firmissimus irā,

Ov. M. 7, 457: firmo id constantique animo facias licet, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 2:

nunc opus pectore firmo,

Verg. A. 6, 261:

firmi amici sunt (opp.: amici collabascunt),

Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 16:

firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici),

Cic. Lael. 17, 62:

ex infidelissimis sociis firmissimos reddere,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 14:

non brevis et suffragatoria, sed firma et perpetua amicitia,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 7, 26:

firmissimae amicitiae,

Quint. 1, 2, 20:

fides firma nobis,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 6.—

Poet. with inf.:

fundus nec vendibilis nec pascere firmus,

able, capable, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 47. —Hence, adv., firmly, steadily, lastingly, powerfully; in two (equally common) forms: firme and firmĭter.

Form firme, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 24; id. Trin. 2, 2, 54:

insistere,

Suet. Calig. 26:

firme graviterque aliquid comprehendere,

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; cf.:

satis firme aliquid concipere animo,

id. ib. 2, 2, 6:

continere multa,

Quint. 11, 2, 2:

sustinere assensus suos,

Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 31:

graviter et firme respondere,

Plin. Ep. 6, 13, 3.—

Form firmiter: firmiter hoc tuo sit pectore fixum, Lucil. ap. Non. 512, 20:

nisi suffulcis firmiter,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 77:

insistere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26, 1:

in suo gradu collocari,

Cic. Rep. 1, 45 fin.: stabilita matrimonia, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 512, 23 (Rep. 6, 2 ed. Mos.):

promisisse,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2 111:

meminisse,

Gell. 13, 8, 2.—

Comp.:

firmius durare,

Plin. 35, 12, 46, § 165:

firmius coire,

Ov. H. 19, 67.—

Sup.:

asseverare,

Cic. Att. 10, 14 fin.:

pulvinus quam firmissime statuatur,

Vitr. 5, 12.

rĕor, rătus, 2 (2 pers. pres. rere, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 22; id. Ep. 3, 4, 45; id. Trin. 2, 4, 13; Verg. A. 3, 381; 7, 437; Hor. S. 1, 9, 49: reris, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 9; Verg. A. 6, 97; Hor. S. 2, 3, 134), v. dep. a. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. rta, correct; Zend, areta, complete; Gr. aretê, valor].

To reckon, calculate; v. infra, P. a.—Hence, by a usual transfer (like censere, putare, existimare, etc.),—

To believe, think, suppose, imagine, judge, deem (class.; esp. freq. in the poets; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153;

not in Cæs.: horridum reor,

Quint. 8, 3, 26; cf.: opinor, arbitror, credo, censeo).

With obj.-clause:

hoc servi esse officium reor,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 7; so,

reor,

id. Ep. 3, 4, 49; id. Pers. 2, 1, 2; id. Rud. 4, 2, 21; id. Truc. 2, 7, 16; Lucr. 5, 1419; Verg. A. 4, 45; 5, 24; 7, 273; 370; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 70; Ov. M. 1, 394; 11, 438; 12, 505; Quint. 2, 16, 9 al.: reris and rere, v. supra:

retur,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 17; id. Ep. 3, 2, 32; id. Mil. 3, 1, 119; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72; Stat. Th. 11, 59:

remur,

Plaut. As. Grex. 6; Cic. Off. 2, 9, 32:

remini,

Arn. 4, 146:

rentur,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 20; id. Mil. 2, 6, 7; Lucr. 1, 155; 6, 91; Cic. Top. 20, 78; Liv. 1, 59; 5, 3; 24, 37; 40, 5 fin. Drak.:

rebar,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 5; Cic. de Or. 3, 22, 82; Verg. A. 6, 690; Ov. M. 13, 497; 14, 203:

rebare,

Cic. Att. 14, 8, 1:

rebatur,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 26; id. Att. 7, 3, 10; Liv. 9, 3; 27, 25; 30, 9 al.:

rebamur,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 43:

rebantur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15; Liv. 1, 26; 3, 41; 4, 1 et saep.:

rebor,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 303:

rebitur,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 28:

rear,

id. Most. 1, 3, 2; Cat. 63, 55; Verg. A. 9, 253:

rearis,

Lucr. 1, 80; 2, 731; 5, 114; 247; 6, 536 al.: reare, Caecil. ap. Gell. 617, 13:

reamur,

Lucr. 2, 952; 4, 37; 5, 78;

6, 764: reantur,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:

ratus sum, etc., sim, etc.,

id. As. 5, 2, 11; id. Capt. 2, 2, 6; id. Ep. 4, 2, 26 al.; Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 21; Verg. A. 2, 25; Ov. M. 4, 674; 5, 203; 7, 841 al.; Sall. C. 48, 5; 55, 1; Liv. 2, 27; 3, 2; Quint. 11, 3, 31; 12, 10, 5 et saep. al.—

Absol., Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 4:

quos quidem plures, quam rebar, esse cognovi,

Cic. Div. 2, 2, 5:

jam illud mali plus nobis vivit quam ratae (sc. sumus),

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 32:

ut reor a facie, Calliopea fuit,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 38:

ut rebare, Venus (nec te sententia fallit) Trojanas sustentat opes,

Verg. A. 10, 608:

ut potius reor,

id. ib. 12, 188:

atque, ut ipse rebatur viam suāpte naturā difficilem inexpugnabilem fecit,

Liv. 31, 39, 9:

nam, reor, non ullis, si vita longior daretur, posset esse jucundior,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 94.—Hence, ră-tus, a, um, P. a., pass., reckoned, calculated, fixed by calculation; hence, fixed, settled, established, firm, unalterable, sure, certain, valid, etc. (class.):

quod modo erat ratum inritumst,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (7), 58:

neu quod egissem esset ratum,

id. Hec. 4, 1, 30:

rata et certa spatia definire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

motus (stellarum) constantes et rati,

id. N. D. 2, 20, 51:

astrorum rati immutabilesque cursus,

id. ib. 2, 37, 95;

2, 38, 97: si nihil fieri potest, nisi quod ab omni aeternitate certum fuerit esse futurum rato tempore,

id. Div. 2, 7, 19; 2, 30, 63:

jussum ratum atque firmum,

id. Caecin. 33, 96:

decretum stabile, fixum, ratum esse debeat,

id. Ac. 2, 9, 27:

illud certum, ratum, firmum, fixum vis,

id. ib. 2, 46, 141:

censorias subscriptiones omnes fixas et in perpetuum ratas putet esse,

id. Clu. 47, 132; cf.:

ut amicitia societasque nostra in aeternum rata sit,

Tac. H. 4, 64:

cujus tribunatus si ratus est, nihil est, quod irritum possit esse,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; cf.

so, opp. irritus,

id. Phil. 5, 7, 21; cf.

ratosne habeant an vanos pectoris orsus, id. poët. Div. 2, 30, 63: testamenta (opp. rupta),

id. de Or. 1, 38, 173:

populi comitia ne essent rata, nisi, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 32, 56:

ut Faustae, cui cautum ille voluisset, ratum esset,

id. Att. 5, 8, 2: neque ratum est quod dicas, Att. ap. Fest. p. 228; Nep. Att. 10, 1:

dixerat idque ratum Stygii per flumina Annuit,

Verg. A, 9, 104:

si haec Turno rata vita maneret,

id. ib. 10, 629:

rata sint sua visa precatur,

may be fulfilled, accomplished, Ov. M. 9, 702; 9, 474; 14, 815; 3, 341; id. H. 15 (16), 15; id. F. 1, 696; 3, 77; id. P. 2, 5, 3; cf.:

(ebrietas) spes jubet esse ratas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 17:

pax,

Sall. J. 112, 3:

fides et vox,

Ov. M. 3, 341; id. Tr. 3, 10, 36:

dicta,

id. F. 2, 488.— Sup.: beneficia ratissima atque gratissima, Cato ap. Fest. pp. 286 and 287 Müll. — Poet., transf., of a person: occiduntur: ubi potitur ratu' Romulu' praedam, the resolved, determined (syn. certus), Enn. ap. Fest. p. 274 Müll. (Ann. v. 78 Vahl.). —Hence,

In particular connections.

Pro ratā parte (portione), secundum ratam partem, and absol., pro ratā, according to a certain part, i. e. in proportion, proportionally:

militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur, quaterna in singulos jugera, et pro ratā parte centurionibus evocatisque,

Caes. B. C. 1, 17 fin.; cf.:

pro ratā parte,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18 Mos. N. cr.:

perinde ut cuique data sunt pro ratā parte,

id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94:

utinam ex omni senatu pro rata parte esset!

id. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

decumam partem relinqui placet, si plenae fuerint alvi, si minus, pro ratā portione,

Plin. 11, 15, 15, § 40:

item secundum ratam partem ex altitudine columnarum expediendae sunt altitudines epistyliorum,

Vitr. 3, 3 med.:

tantum pediti daturum fuisse credunt, et pro ratā aliis, si, etc.,

Liv. 45, 40; so Capitol. M. Aur. 7, and often in the Digests.—

Ratum aliquid facere (efficere) habere, ducere, also ratum alicui esse, to make or account any thing fixed or valid; to confirm, ratify, approve: quid augur (habet), cur a dextrā corvus a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum? make a confirmatory, i. e. a favorable augury, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

parens nati rata verba Fecit,

i. e. fulfilled, Ov. M. 4, 387:

juvenes cum avum regem salutassent, secuta ex omni multitudine consentiens vox ratum nomen imperiumque regi effecit,

Liv. 1, 6:

efficiant ratas, utraque diva preces,

Ov. F. 1, 696:

quae nobis imperatores commoda tribuerunt, ea rata atque perpetua auctoritate vestrā faciatis,

Liv. 28, 39, 16: eos ratum habere judicium, si totum corruptum sit;

si unus accusator corruptus sit, rescindere,

Cic. Part. Or. 36, 125; so,

ratum habere,

id. Rosc. Com. 1, 3; id. Att. 14, 21, 2; id. N. D. 1, 5, 10: Atteius Capito ap. Gell. 13, 12, 2; cf.:

(fata) ratosne habeant an vanos pectoris orsus, Cic. poët. Div. 2, 30, 63: cavere de rato,

Dig. 3, 4, 6, § 3:

qui non duxerint societatem ratam, ubi nec divini quicquam nec humani sanctum esset,

Liv. 27, 17 fin.:

ista ipsa, quae te emisse scribis, non solum rata mihi erunt, sed etiam grata,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1.—

Rarely, ratum servare: quaeris an quod gessit ratum servum. Ego vero servo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 11, 1.

25, 12, for the corrupted curata auctoritas eventu of the MS., read cum rato auctoritas eventu; v. Weissenb. ad h. l.

stătŭo, ui, utum, 3, v. a. [statum, sup. of sto], to cause to stand (cf.: colloco, pono).

Corporeally.

To cause to stand, set up, set, station, fix in an upright position.

To set up, set in the ground, erect:

ibi arbores pedicino in lapide statuito,

Cato, R. R. 18:

inter parietes arbores ubi statues,

id. ib.:

stipites statuito,

id. ib.:

palis statutis crebris,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14 init.:

pedamenta jacentia statuenda,

are to be raised, Col. 4, 26:

pedamentum inter duas vitis,

Plin. 17, 22, 21, § 194:

hic statui volo primum aquilam,

the standard of the troops, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:

signifer, statue signum,

plant the ensign, Liv. 5, 55, 1; Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.—

To plant (rare):

eodem modo vineam statuito, alligato, flexatoque uti fuerit,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198:

agro qui statuit meo Te, triste lignum (i. e. arborem),

Hor. C. 2, 13, 10.—

In gen., to place, set or fix, set up, set forth things or persons.

Without specifying the place:

ollam statuito cum aqua,

let a jar stand with water, Cato, R. R. 156 (157):

crateras magnos statuunt, i. e. on the table,

Verg. A. 1, 724; so,

crateras laeti statuunt,

id. ib. 7, 147: haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, well placed, i. e. so that the hull stands perpendicularly (cf.:

bene lineatam carinam collocavit, v. 42),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44:

nec quidquam explicare, nec statuere potuerant, nec quod statutum esset, manebat, omnia perscindente vento,

Liv. 21, 58, 7:

eo die tabernacula statui passus non est,

to pitch, Caes. B. C. 1, 81; so, aciem statuere, to draw up an army:

aciem quam arte statuerat, latius porrigit,

Sall. J. 52, 6.—

With designation of the place by in and abl.; by adv. of place; by ante, apud, ad, circa, super, and acc.; by pro and abl.; by abl. alone (very rare), or by in and acc. (very rare): signa domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. 7, 19, 95 (p. 782 P.):

statuite hic lectulos,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:

etiamsi in caelo Capitolium statueretur,

Cic. Or. 3, 46, 180:

statuitur Sollius in illo gladiatorum convivio... atuitur, ut dico, eques Romanus in Apronii convivio,

is taken to the banquet, id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 sq.:

tabernacula in foro statuere,

Liv. 39, 46, 3:

in principiis statuit tabernaculum,

Nep. Eum. 7, 1:

in nostris castris tibi tabernaculum statue,

Curt. 5, 11, 6; 8, 13, 20:

statui in medium undique conspicuum tabernaculum jussit,

id. 9, 6, 1:

(sagittae) longae, nisi prius in terra statuerent arcum, haud satis apte imponuntur,

id. 8, 14, 19:

sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis, superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur,

Tac. A. 2, 83:

donum deae apud Antium statuitur,

id. ib. 3, 71:

pro rigidis calamos columnis,

Ov. F. 3, 529:

jamque ratem Scythicis auster statuisset in oris,

Val. Fl. 3, 653:

statuere vas in loco frigido,

Pall. Oct. 22.—Of living beings:

capite in terram statuerem, Ut cerebro dispergat viam,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:

qui capite ipse sua in statuit vestigia sese (= qui sese ipse capite in sua vestigia statuit),

i. e. stands on his head, Lucr. 4, 472:

patrem ejus a mortuis excitasses, statuisses ante oculos,

Cic. Or. 1, 57, 245:

captivos vinctos in medio statuit,

Liv. 21, 42, 1:

ubi primum equus Curtium in vado statuit,

id. 1, 13, 5:

quattuor cohortes in fronte statuit,

id. 28, 33, 12:

ante se statuit funditores,

id. 42, 58, 10:

puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem cum statuisset,

id. 7, 2, 9:

procul in conspectu eum (Philopoemenem) statuerunt,

id. 39, 49, 11:

media porta robora legionum, duabus circa portis milites levemque armaturam statuit,

id. 23, 16, 8:

bovem ad fanum Dianae et ante aram statuit,

id. 1, 45, 6:

cum Calchanta circa aram statuisset,

Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 6:

marium si qui eo loci statuisset,

id. 3, 1, 2 fin.:

adulescentes ante Caesarem statuunt,

Tac. A. 4, 8:

in fronte statuerat ferratos, in cornibus cohortes,

id. ib. 3, 45:

puer quis Ad cyathum statuetur?

Hor. C. 1, 29, 8:

tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam Ante aras,

id. S. 2, 3, 199:

et statuam ante aras aurata fronte juvencum,

Verg. A. 9, 627:

clara regione profundi Aetheros innumeri statuerunt agmina cygni,

Stat. Th. 3, 525.—

Pregn., to construct and place, to set up after constructing, to erect, make.

Of statues, temples, columns, altars, trophies, etc.; constr. with acc. alone, or acc. of the structure and dat. of the person for whom or in whose honor it is erected:

siquidem mihi aram et statuam statuis,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 122:

huic statuam statui decet ex auro,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 1:

ne ego aurea pro statua vineam tibi statuam,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 52:

eique statuam equestrem in rostris statui placere,

Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41; so id. ib. 9, 5, 10; 9, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151; 2, 2, 20, § 48; so,

simulacrum alicui statuere,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:

effigiem,

Verg. A. 2, 184:

Mancinus eo habitu sibi statuit quo, etc. (effigiem),

Plin. 34, 5, 10, § 18:

simulacrum in curia,

Tac. A. 14, 12:

quanam in civitate tempium statueretur,

id. ib. 4, 55:

se primos templum urbis Romae statuisse,

id. ib. 4, 56; so id. ib. 4, 15:

nec tibi de Pario statuam, Germanice, templum,

Ov. P. 4, 8, 31:

templa tibi statuam, tribuam tibi turis honorem,

id. M. 14, 128:

super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui nisi columellam,

Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:

victimas atque aras diis Manibus statuentes,

Tac. A. 3, 2:

statuitque aras e cespite,

Ov. M. 7, 240:

statuantur arae,

Sen. Med. 579:

aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:

monumentum,

id. ib. § 70; so,

in alio orbe tropaea statuere,

Curt. 7, 7, 14;

so,

Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 18: ut illum di perdant qui primus statuit hic solarium, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5:

princeps Romanis solarium horologium statuisse L. Papirius Cursor proditur,

Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 213:

a miliario in capite Romani fori statuto,

id. 3, 5, 9, § 66:

carceres eo anno in Circo primum statuti,

Liv. 8, 20, 1:

quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?

Verg. A. 2, 150:

multo altiorem statui crucem jussit,

Suet. Galb. 9:

obeliscam,

Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71:

at nunc disturba quas statuisti machinas,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 137:

incensis operibus quae statuerat,

Nep. Milt. 7, 4:

si vallum statuitur procul urbis illecebris,

Tac. A. 4, 2:

castra in quinto lapide a Carthagine statuit,

Just. 22, 6, 9.—

Poet. and in post-class. prose (rare):

aliquem statuere = alicui statuam statuere: inter et Aegidas media statuaris in urbe,

Ov. H. 2, 67:

statuarque tumulo hilaris et coronatus,

my statue will be erected, Tac. Dial. 13; so with two acc.: custodem medio statuit quam vilicus horto, whose statue he placed as protectress, etc., Mart. 3, 68, 9; cf.

in double sense: nudam te statuet, i. e. nudam faciet (= nudabit fortunis), and statuam tibi nu dam faciet,

Mart. 4, 28, 8.—

Of cities, etc., to establish, found, build (in class. prose usu. condo):

Agamemnon tres ibi urbes statuit,

Vell. 1, 1, 2:

urbem quam statuo vestra est,

Verg. A. 1, 573:

urbom praeclaram,

id. ib. 4, 655:

Persarum statuit Babylona Semiramis urbem,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 21:

ibi civitatem statuerunt,

Just. 23, 1; so,

licentia et impunitas asyla statuendi (= aperiendi),

Tac. A. 3, 60.—Hence, transf.: carmen statuere = carmen condere, to compose, devise a song:

nunc volucrum... inexpertum carmen, quod tacita statuere bruma,

Stat. S. 4, 5, 12.—

To cause to stand still, to stop (rare; cf.

sisto, III. B.): navem extemplo statuimus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 57:

et statuit fessos, fessus et ipse, boves,

Prop. 4 (5), 9, 4:

famuli hoc modo statuerunt aquas,

Arn. 1, p. 30: sanguinem, Oct. Hor. 4.—

To cause to stand firm, strengthen, support (rare; = stabilire), only transf.: qui rem publicam certo animo adjuverit, statuerit, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 56, 120 (Trag. Rel. v. 357 Rib.).

Trop.

To establish, constitute (= constituo).

Esp.: exemplum or documentum (v. edo fin., and cf. Sen. Phoen. 320), to set forth an example or precedent for warning or imitation:

statuite exemplum impudenti, date pudori praemium,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 6:

exemplum statuite in me ut adulescentuli Vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:

ut illi intellegere possint, in quo homine statueris exemplum hujus modi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45, § 111:

in quos aliquid exempli populus Romanus statui putat oportere,

id. ib. 2, 3, 90, §

210: statuam in te exemplum, ne quis posthac infelicibus miseriis patriae illudat,

Just. 8, 7, 14:

documentum autem statui oportere, si quis resipiscat et antiquam societatem respiciat,

Liv. 24, 45, 5: statueretur immo [p. 1753] documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet, a precedent, Tac. A. 12, 6.—

Jus statuere, to establish a principle or relation of law:

ut (majores nostri) omnia omnium rerum jura statuerint,

Cic. Caecin. 12, 34: qui magistratum potestatemve habebit, si quid in aliquem novi juris statuerit, ipse quoque, adversario postulante, eodem jure uti debebit, if he has established any new principle of law, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 2, 2, 1, § 1:

si quid injungere inferiori velis, id prius in te ac tuos si ipse juris statueris, facilius omnes oboedientes habeas,

if you first admit it against yourself, Liv. 26, 36, 3:

si dicemus in omnibus aequabile jus statui convenire,

equal principles of law should be applied to all, Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. —

In gen., to establish by authority (of relations, institutions, rights, duties, etc.):

(Numa) omnis partis religionis statuit sanctissime,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

hoc judicium sic exspectatur ut non unae rei statui, sed omnibus constitui putetur,

id. Tull. 15, 36:

ad formandos animos statuendasque vitae leges, Quint. prooem. 14: sic hujus (virtutis) ut caelestium statuta magnitudo est,

Sen. Ep. 79, 10:

vectigal etiam novum ex salaria annona statuerunt,

Liv. 29, 37, 2:

novos statuere fines,

id. 42, 24, 8:

neque eos quos statuit terminos observat,

id. 21, 44, 5:

quibus rebus cum pax statuta esset,

Just. 5, 10, 8; so id. 25, 1, 1:

sedesque ibi statuentibus,

id. 18, 5, 11.—

With double acc., to constitute, appoint, create:

Hirtius arbitrum me statuebat non modo hujus rei, sed totius consulatus sui,

Cic. Att. 14, 1, a, 2:

telluris erum natura nec illum, nec quemquam constituit,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 130:

de principatu (vinorum) se quisque judicem statuet,

Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 59:

praefectus his statuitur Andragoras,

Just. 21, 4, 5.—

To determine, fix, etc. (of temporal or local relations); constr. usually with acc. and dat. or acc. and gen.

Modum statuere alicui or alicujus rei, to determine the manner, mode, or measure of, assign limits, restrictions or restraints to a thing or person, to impose restraints upon.

With dat.:

diuturnitati imperii modum statuendum putavistis,

that a limit should be assigned to the duration of his power, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26:

statui mihi tum modum et orationi meae,

imposed restraints upon myself and my words, id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

non statuendo felicitati modum, nec cohibendo fortunam,

by not assigning any limits to his success, Liv. 30, 30, 23 (Pompeium) affirmabant, libertati publicae statuturum modum, Vell. 2, 40:

cupidinibus statuat natura modum,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 111:

quem modum sibi ipsa statuit (crudelitas)?

Val. Max. 9, 2 pr.:

modum ipsae res statuunt (i. e. sibi),

Plin. 28, 15, 61, § 216:

modum nuptiarum sumptibus statuerunt,

Just. 21, 4, 5:

timori quem meo statuam modum?

Sen. Thyest. 483;

and with finem: jam statui aerumnis modum et finem cladi,

id. Herc. Fur. 206. —

With gen.:

honestius te inimicitiarum modum statuere potuisse quam me humanitatis,

Cic. Sull. 17, 48:

ipse modum statuam carminis,

Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 44:

errorisque sui sic statuisse modum,

Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 36:

modum statuunt fellis pondere denarii,

they limit the quantity of the gall to the weight of a denarius, Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 254.—

Condicionem or legem alicui, to impose a condition or law upon one, to dictate, assign a condition to:

hanc tu condicionem statuis Gaditanis,

Cic. Balb. 10, 25:

providete ne duriorem vobis condicionem statuatis ordinique vestro quam ferre possit,

id. Rab. Post. 6, 15:

alter eam sibi legem statuerat ut, etc.,

id. Phil. 10, 6, 12: pretio statuta lege ne modum excederet, etc., the law being assigned to the price that not, etc., i. e. the price being limited by the law, etc., Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:

pacis legem universae Graeciae statuit,

Just. 9, 5, 2.—So with ellipsis of dat., to agree upon, stipulate:

statutis condicionibus,

Just. 6, 1, 3:

omnibus consentientibus Carthago conditur, statuto annuo vectigali pro solo urbis,

id. 18, 5, 14. —

Finem, to assign or put an end to, make an end of:

haud opinor commode Finem statuisse orationi militem,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 21:

et finem statuit cuppedinis atque timoris,

Lucr. 6, 25:

cum Fulvius Flaccus finem poenae eorum statuere cogeretur,

Val. Max. 3, 2, ext. 1: majores vestri omnium magnarum rerum et principia exorsi ab diis sunt, et finem statuerunt, finished, Liv. 45, 39, 10; so,

terminum: nam templis numquam statuetur terminus aevi,

Stat. S. 3, 1, 180:

cum consilii tui bene fortiterque suscepti eum tibi finem statueris, quem ipsa fortuna terminum nostrarum contentionum esse voluisset,

since you have assigned that end, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2.—

Pretium alicui rei, to assign a price to something; fix, determine the price of something:

quae probast mers, pretium ei statuit,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:

numquam avare pretium statui arti meae,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:

statuit frumento pretium,

Tac. A. 2, 87; so with dat. understood:

ut eos (obsides) pretio quantum ipsi statuissent patres redimi paterentur,

Liv. 45, 42, 7:

pretium statuit (i. e. vecturae et sali),

id. 45, 29, 13; so with in and acc.: ut in singulas amphoras (vini) centeni nummi statuantur, that the price may be set down at 100 sesterces for an amphora, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56.—

Statuere diem, horam, tempus, locum alicui rei, or alicui, or with dat. gerund., to assign or appoint a day, time, place, etc. (for the more usual diem dicere):

statutus est comitiis dies,

Liv. 24, 27, 1:

diem patrando facinori statuerat,

id. 35, 35, 15:

multitudini diem statuit ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,

Sall. C. 36, 2:

dies insidiis statuitur,

id. J. 70, 3:

ad tempus locumque colloquio statuendum,

Liv. 28, 35, 4:

subverti leges quae sua spatia (= tempora) quaerendis aut potiundis honoribus statuerint,

Tac. A. 2, 36.—With ellipsis of dat.:

observans quem statuere diem,

Mart. 4, 54, 6:

noctem unam poscit: statuitur nox,

Tac. A. 13, 44.—Esp. in the part. statutus, fixed, appointed (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with status; v. sisto fin.):

institum ut quotannis... libri diebus statutis (statis) recitarentur,

Suet. Claud. 42:

ut die statuta omnes equos ante regiam producerent,

Just. 1, 10, 1:

quaedam (genera) statutum tempus anni habent,

Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 135:

fruges quoque maturitatem statuto tempore expectant,

Curt. 6, 3, 7:

sacrificium non esse redditum statuto tempore,

id. 8, 2, 6:

statuto tempore quo urbem Mithridati traderet,

Just. 16, 4, 9:

cum ad statutam horam omnes convenissent,

id. 1, 10, 8:

intra tempus statutum,

fixed by the law, Dig. 4, 4, 19 and 20.—

To recount, count up, state (very rare): statue sex et quinquaginta annos, quibus mox divus Augustus rempublicam rexit: adice Tiberii tres et viginti... centum et viginti anni colliguntur, count, fix the number at, Tac. Or. 17:

Cinyphiae segetis citius numerabis aristas... quam tibi nostrorum statuatur summa laborum,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 29.—

To decide, determine, with reference to a result, to settle, fix, bring about, choose, make a decision.

Of disputes, differences, questions, etc., between others.

With interrog.-clause:

ut statuatis hoc judicio utrum posthac amicitias clarorum virorum calamitati hominibus an ornamento esse malitis,

Cic. Balb. 28, 65:

eam potestatem habetis ut statuatis utrum nos... semper miseri lugeamus, an, etc.,

id. Mil. 2, 4:

in hoc homine statuatis, possitne senatoribus judicantibus homo nocentissim us pecuniosissimusque damnari,

id. Verr. 1, 16, 47:

vos statuite, recuperatores, utra (sententia) utilior esse videatur,

id. Caecin. 27, 77:

decidis tu statuisque quid iis ad denarium solveretur,

id. Quint. 4, 17:

magni esse judicis statuere quid quemque cuique praestare oporteret,

id. Off. 3, 17, 70:

mihi vero Pompeius statuisse videtur quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,

id. Mil. 6, 15:

semel (senatus) statuerent quid donatum Masinissae vellent,

Liv. 42, 23:

nec quid faciendum modo sit statuunt, sed, etc.,

decide, dictate, id. 44, 22:

nondum statuerat conservaret eum necne,

Nep. Eum. 11, 2:

statutumque (est) quantum curules, quantum plebei pignoris caperent,

Tac. A. 13, 28: semel nobis esse statuendum quod consilium in illo sequamur, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4. —

With de:

ut consules de Caesaris actis cognoscerent, statuerent, judicarent,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 8:

et collegas suos de religione statuisse, in senatu de lege statuturos,

id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

ut de absente eo C. Licinius statueret ac judicaret,

Liv. 42, 22:

si de summa rerum liberum senatui permittat rex statuendi jus,

id. 42, 62: qui ab exercitu ab imperatore eove cui de ea re statuendi potestas fuerit, dimissus erit, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 3, 2, 1.—Often with reference to punishment:

cum de P. Lentulo ceterisque statuetis, pro certo habetote, vos simul de exercitu Catilinae decernere,

Sall. C. 52, 17:

satis visum de Vestilia statuere,

to pass sentence against, Tac. A. 2, 85:

jus statuendi de procuratoribus,

id. ib. 12, 54:

facta patribus potestate statuendi de Caeciliano,

id. ib. 6, 7; so id. ib. 13, 28; cf. id. ib. 15, 14; 2, 85; Suet. Tib. 61 fin. —In partic.: de se statuere, to decide on, or dispose of one's self, i. e. of one's life, = to commit suicide:

eorum qui de se statuebant humabantur corpora,

Tac. A. 6, 29.—

With de and abl. and interrog.-clause:

si quibusdam populis permittendum esse videatur ut statuant ipsi de suis rebus quo jure uti velint,

Cic. Balb. 8, 22.—

With contra:

consequeris tamen ut eos ipsos quos contra statuas aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34. —

With indef. obj., usu. a neutr. pron.:

utrum igitur hoc Graeci statuent... an nostri praetores?

Cic. Fl. 12, 27:

dixisti quippiam: fixum (i. e. id) et statutum est,

id. Mur. 30, 62:

eoque utrique quod statuit contenti sunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 87:

senatus, ne quid absente rege statueret,

Liv. 39, 24, 13:

maturato opus est, quidquid statuere placet (senatui),

id. 8, 13, 17:

id ubi in P. Licinio ita statutum est,

id. 41, 15, 10:

interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,

Curt. 8, 14, 43:

quid in futurum statuerim, aperiam,

Tac. A. 4, 37:

utque rata essent quae procuratores sui in judicando statuerent,

Suet. Claud. 12;

qul statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit,

Sen. Med. 2, 199:

non ergo quod libet statuere arbiter potest,

Dig. 4, 8, 32, § 15; cf.:

earum rerum quas Caesar statuisset, decrevisset, egisset,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 11.—

With de or super and abl.:

vos de crudelissimis parricidis quid statuatis cunctamini?

Sall. C. 52, 31:

nihil super ea re nisi ex voluntate filii statuere,

Suet. Tib. 13:

ne quid super tanta re absente principe statueretur,

Tac. H. 4, 9.—

Absol., mostly pass. impers.:

ita expediri posse consilium ut pro merito cujusque statueretur,

Liv. 8, 14, 1:

tunc ut quaeque causa erit statuetis,

id. 3, 53, 10:

non ex rumore statuendum,

decisions should not be founded on rumors, Tac. A. 3, 69.—

With cognoscere, to examine ( officially) and decide:

petit ut vel ipse de eo causa cognita statuat, vel civitatem statuere jubeat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19:

consuli ut cognosceret statueretque senatus permiserat,

Liv. 39, 3, 2:

missuros qui de eorum controversiis cognoscerent statuerentque,

id. 40, 20, 1; 45, 13, 11:

quod causa cognita erit statuendum,

Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 8.—

With reference to the mind of the subject, to decide, to make up one's mind, conclude, determine, be convinced, usu. with interrog.clause:

numquam intellegis, statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi homicidae sint an vindices libertatis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

illud mirum videri solet, tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum judicem an arbitrum, rem an litem dici oporteret,

id. Mur. 12, 27:

neque tamen possum statuere, utrum magis mirer, etc.,

id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:

ipsi statuerent, quo tempore possent suo jure arma capere,

id. Tull. 5, 12:

ut statuerem quid esset faciendum,

id. Att. 7, 26, 3:

statuere enim qui sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis,

id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:

si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes,

id. Fam. 4, 2, 4:

tu quantum tribuendum nobis putes statuas ipse, et, ut spero, statues ex nostra dignitate,

id. ib. 5, 8, 4:

vix statui posse utrum quae pro se, an quae contra fratrem petiturus esset ab senatu magis impetrabilia forent,

Liv. 45, 19, 6:

quam satis statuerat, utram foveret partem,

id. 42, 29, 11:

posse ipsam Liviam statuere, nubendum post Drusum, an, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

statue quem poenae extrahas,

Sen. Troad. 661.—So with apud animum, to make up one's mind:

vix statuere apud animum meum possum atrum pejor ipsa res an pejore exemplo agatur,

Liv. 34, 2, 4:

proinde ipsi primum statuerent apud animos quid vellent,

id. 6, 39, 11.—Rarely with neutr, pron. as object:

quidquid nos de communi sententia statuerimus,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:

sic statue, quidquid statuis, ut causam famamque tuam in arto stare scias,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1306.—

To decree, order, prescribe.

With ut or ne: statuunt ut decem milia hominum in oppidum submittantur, [p. 1754] Caes. B. G. 7, 21:

eos (Siculos) statuisse ut hoc quod dico postularet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 103:

statuunt illi atque decernunt ut eae litterae... removerentur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 71, §

173: statuit iste ut arator... vadimonium promitteret,

id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §

38: orare patres ut statuerent ne absentium nomina reciperentur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §

103: statuitur ne post M. Brutum proconsulem sit Creta provincia,

id. Phil. 2, 38, 97:

(Tiberius) auxit patrum honorem statuendo ut qui ad senatum provocavissent, etc.,

Tac. A. 14, 28:

statuiturque (a senatu) ut... in servitute haberentur,

id. ib. 12, 53.—So of a decree, determination, or agreement by several persons or parties to be carried out by each of them:

statutum esse (inter plebem et Poenos) ut... impedimenta diriperent,

Liv. 23, 16, 6:

Athenienses cum statuerent, ut urbe relicta naves conscenderent,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:

statuunt ut fallere custodes tentent,

Ov. M. 4, 84.—

With acc. (post-Aug.):

remedium statuere,

to prescribe a remedy against public abuses, Tac. A. 3, 28; 6, 4:

Caesar ducentesimam (vectigalis) in posterum statuit,

decreed that one half of one per cent. be the tax, id. ib. 2, 42.—So with sic (= hoc):

sic, di, statuistis,

Ov. M. 4, 661.—

With dat. and acc. (not ante-Aug.):

eis (Vestalibus) stipendium de publico statuit,

decreed, allowed a salary, Liv. 1, 20, 3:

Aurelio quoque annuam pecuniam statuit princeps,

decreed, granted, Tac. A. 13, 34:

biduum criminibus obiciendis statuitur,

are allowed, id. ib. 3, 13:

itaque et alimenta pueris statuta... et patribus praemia statuta,

Just. 12, 4, 8:

ceu Aeolus insanis statuat certamina ventis,

Stat. Th. 6, 300:

non hoc statui sub tempore rebus occasum Aeoniis,

id. ib. 7, 219:

statuere alicui munera,

Val. Fl. 2, 566.—

With dat. and interrog.-clause:

cur his quoque statuisti quantum ex hoc genere frumenti darent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

ordo iis quo quisque die supplicarent, statutus,

Liv. 7, 28, 8.—

In partic., of punishment, etc., to decree, measure out, inflict.

With poenam, etc., with or without in and acc. pers. (mostly post-Aug.):

considerando... in utra (lege) major poena statuatur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

poenam statui par fuisse,

Tac. A. 14, 49:

qui non judicium, sed poenam statui videbant,

id. ib. 11, 6:

eadem poena in Catum Firmium statuitur,

id. ib. 6, 31:

senatu universo in socios facinoris ultimam statuente poenam,

Suet. Caes. 14;

so with mercedem (= poenam): debuisse gravissimam temeritatis mercedem statui,

Liv. 39, 55, 3; cf.

also: Thrasea, non quidquid nocens reus pati mereretur, id egregio sub principe statuendum disseruit,

Tac. A. 14, 48.— Absol.:

non debere eripi patribus vim statuendi (sc. poenas),

Tac. A. 3, 70.—

With indef. obj., generally with in and acc.: aliquid gravius in aliquem, to proceed severely against:

obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

fac aliquid gravius in Hejum statuisse Mamertinos,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 19:

res monet cavere ab illis magis quam quid in illos statuamus consultare,

Sall. C. 52, 3:

qui cum triste aliquid statuit, fit tristis et ipse,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 119:

si quid ob eam rem de se crudelius statuerent,

Just. 2, 15, 10.—

With a word expressing the kind of punishment (post-Aug.):

in Pompeiam Sabinam exilium statuitur,

Tac. A. 6, 24 (18).—

De capite, to pass sentence of death:

legem illam praeclaram quae de capite civis Romani nisi comitiis centuriatis statui vetaret,

Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61.—

Referring to one's own acts, to resolve, determine, purpose, to propose, with inf. (first in Cic.;

freq. and class.): statuit ab initio et in eo perseveravit, jus publicano non dicere,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:

P. Clodius cum statuisset omni scelere in praetura vexare rem publicam,

id. Mil. 9, 24:

statuerat excusare,

to decline the office, id. Lig. 7, 21:

cum statuissem scribere ad te aliquid,

id. Off. 1, 2, 4:

quod iste certe statuerat et deliberaverat non adesse,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:

se statuisse animum advertere in omnes nauarchos,

id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §

105: nam statueram in perpetuum tacere,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

statueram... nihil de illo dicere,

id. Fragm. Clod. 1, 1:

statueram recta Appia Romam (i. e. venire),

id. Att. 16, 10, 1:

Pompeius statuerat bello decertare,

Caes. B. C. 3, 86: si cedere hinc statuisset, Liv. 44, 39, 7:

triumphare mense Januario statuerat,

id. 39, 15:

immemor sim propositi quo statui non ultra attingere externa nisi qua Romanis cohaererent rebus,

id. 39, 48:

rex quamquam dissimulare statuerat,

id. 42, 21:

opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit,

id. 42, 54, 9:

ut statuisse non pugnare consules cognitum est,

id. 2, 45, 9:

exaugurare fana statuit,

id. 1, 55, 2:

Delphos mittere statuit,

id. 1, 56, 5:

eos deducere in agros statuerunt,

id. 40, 38, 2:

tradere se, ait, moenia statuisse,

id. 8, 25, 10:

Samnitium exercitus certamine ultimo fortunam experiri statuit,

id. 7, 37, 4:

statuit sic adfectos hosti non obicere,

id. 44, 36, 2:

sub idem tempus statuit senatus Carthaginem excidere,

Vell. 1, 12, 2:

statui pauca disserere,

Tac. H. 4, 73:

amoliri juvenem specie honoris statuit,

id. A. 2, 42:

statuerat urbem novam condere,

Curt. 4, 8, 1:

statuerat parcere urbi conditae a Cyro,

id. 7, 6, 20:

rex statuerat inde abire,

id. 7, 11, 4:

Alexander statuerat ex Syria petere Africam,

id. 10, 1, 17; 10, 5, 24; 5, 27 (9), 13; so,

statutum habere cum animo ac deliberatum,

to have firmly and deliberately resolved, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.—With sic:

caedis initium fecisset a me, sic enim statuerat,

id. Phil. 3, 7, 29.—

To judge, declare as a judgment, be of opinion, hold (especially of legal opinions), think, consider (always implying the establishment of a principle, or a decided conviction; cf.: existimo, puto, etc.).

With acc. and inf.

In gen.:

senatus consulta falsa delata ab eo judicavimus... leges statuimus per vim et contra auspicia latas,

Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12:

statuit senatus hoc ne illi quidem esse licitum cui concesserat omnia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81:

quin is tamen (judex) statuat fieri non posse ut de isto non severissime judicetur,

id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §

144: hujusce rei vos (recuperatores) statuetis nullam esse actionem qui obstiterit armatis hominibus?

id. Caecin. 13, 39, ut quisquam juris numeretur peritus, qui id statuit esse jus quod non oporteat judicari, who holds that to be the law, id. ib. 24, 68:

is (Pompeius) se in publico statuit esse non posse,

id. Pis. 13, 29:

tu unquam tantam plagam tacitus accipere potuisses, nisi hoc ita statuisses, quidquid dixisses te deterius esse facturum?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133:

si causa cum causa contenderet, nos nostram perfacile cuivis probaturos statuebamus,

we were sure, id. Quint. 30, 92:

non statuit sibi quidquam licere quod non patrem suum facere vidisset,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211:

hi sibi nullam societatem communis utilitatis causa statuunt esse cum civibus,

assume, id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

cum igitur statuisset opus esse ad eam rem constituendam pecunia,

had become convinced, id. ib. 2, 23, 82:

quo cive neminem ego statuo in hac re publica esse fortiorem,

id. Planc. 21, 51:

quam quidem laudem sapientiae statuo esse maximam,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

hoc anno statuit temporis esse satis,

Ov. F. 1, 34:

nolim statuas me mente maligna id facere,

Cat. 67, 37.— So with sic:

velim sic statuas tuas mihi litteras longissimas quasque gratissimas fore,

Cic. Fam. 7, 33 fin.:

ego sic statuo a me in hac causa pietatis potius quam defensionis partes esse susceptas,

I hold, lay down as the principle of my defence, id. Sest. 2, 3:

quod sic statuit omnino consularem legem nullam putare,

id. ib. 64, 135:

sic statuo et judico, neminem tot et tanta habuisse ornamenta dicendi,

id. Or. 2, 28, 122. —Hence, statui, I have judged, i. e. I know, and statueram, I had judged, i. e. I knew:

ut ego qui in te satis consilii statuerim esse, mallem Peducaeum tibi consilium dare quam me, ironically,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4:

qui saepe audissent, nihil esse pulchrius quam Syracusarum moenia, statuerant se, si ea Verre praetore non vidissent, numquam esse visuros,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95.—With neutr. pron.:

si dicam non recte aliquid statuere eos qui consulantur,

that they hold an erroneous opinion, Cic. Caecin. 24, 68; cf.:

quis hoc statuit umquam, aut cui concedi potest, ut eum jure potuerit occidere a quo, etc.,

id. Tull. 24, 56; Quint. 5, 13, 21.—

Particularly of a conclusion drawn from circumstances, to judge, infer, conclude; declare (as an inference):

cum tuto senatum haberi non posse judicavistis, tum statuiistis, etiam intra muros Antonii scelus versari,

Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: quod si aliter statuetis, videte ne hoc vos statuatis, qui vivus decesserit, ei vim non esse factam, id. Caecin. 16, 46:

quid? si tu ipse statuisti, bona P. Quinctii ex edicto possessa non esse?

id. Quint. 24, 76:

ergo ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67:

Juppiter esse pium statuit quodcumque juvaret,

Ov. H. 4, 133.—With neutr. pron.:

hoc (i. e. litteris Gabinii credendum non esse) statuit senatus cum frequens supplicationem Gabinio denegavit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14:

quod si tum statuit opus esse, quid cum ille decessisset, Flacco existimatis statuendum et faciendum fuisse?

id. Fl. 12, 29; cf. id. Caecin. 16, 46, supra; so,

hoc si ita statuetis,

id. ib. 16, 47.—

Esp. with gerund.-clause.

To hold, judge, think, consider, acknowledge, that something must be done, or should have been done:

tu cum tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas... non statuebas tibi de illorum factis rationem esse reddendam?

did you not consider, did it not strike you? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29: statuit, si hoc crimen extenuari vellet, nauarchos omnes vita esse privandos, he thought it necessary to deprive, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §

103: ut statuas mihi non modo non cedendum, sed etiam tuo auxilio utendum fuisse,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

statuebam sic, boni nihil ab illis nugis expectandum,

id. Sest. 10, 24:

Antigonus statuit aliquid sibi consilii novi esse capiendum,

Nep. Eum. 8, 4. —So with opus fuisse:

ut hoc statuatis oratione longa nihil opus fuisse,

acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: causam sibi dicendam esse statuerat jam ante quam hoc usu venit, knew (cf. a. supra), id. ib. 2, 5, 39, § 101. —

To think that one must do something, to resolve, propose, usu. with dat. pers.:

manendum mihi statuebam quasi in vigilia quadam consulari ac senatoria,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: quae vobis fit injuria si statuimus, vestro nobis judicio standum esse, if we conclude, purpose, to abide, etc., id. Fl. 27, 65:

ut ea quae statuisses tibi in senatu dicenda, reticeres,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 1:

statuit tamen nihil sibi in tantis injuriis gravius faciendum,

id. Clu. 6, 16:

Caesar statuit exspectandam classem,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

non expectandum sibi statuit dum, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 11:

quod eo tempore statuerat non esse faciendum,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

statuit sibi nihil agitandum,

Sall. J. 39, 5:

Metellus statuit alio more bellum gerendum,

id. ib. 54, 5:

Laco statuit accuratius sibi agendum cum Pharnabazo,

Nep. Alcib. 10, 2:

sororis filios tollendos statuit,

Just. 38, 1.—

With ut:

si, ut Manilius statuebat, sic est judicatum (= ut judicandum esse statuebat),

Cic. Caecin. 24, 69:

ut veteres statuerunt poetae (ut = quod ita esse),

id. Arat. 267 (33): quae majora auribus accepta sunt quam oculis noscuntur, ut statuit, as he thought, i. e. that those things were greater, etc., Liv. 45, 27:

cum esset, ut ego mihi statuo, talis qualem te esse video,

Cic. Mur. 14, 32.—

With two acc. (= duco, existimo):

omnes qui libere de re publica sensimus, statuit ille quidem non inimicos, sed hostes,

regarded not as adversaries, but as foes, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 3:

Anaximenes aera deum statuit,

id. N. D. 10, 26:

voluptatem summum bonum statuens,

id. Off. 1, 2, 5:

video Lentulum cujus ego parentem deum ac patronum statuo fortunae ac nominis mei,

id. Sest. 69, 144:

si rectum statuerimus concedere amicis quidquid velint,

id. Lael. 11, 38:

Hieronymus summum bonum statuit non dolere,

id. Fin. 2, 6, 19:

noster vero Plato Titanum e genere statuit eos qui... adversentur magistratibus,

id. Leg. 3, 2, 5:

decretum postulat, quo justae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae statuerentur,

Tac. A. 12, 7:

optimum in praesentia statuit reponere odium,

id. Agr. 39.— P. a.: stătūtus, a, um, i. e. baculo, propped, leaning on a stick (dub. v. I. C. supra):

vidistis senem... statutum, ventriosum?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11.—Hence, subst.: stătūtum, i, n., a law, decision, determination, statute (late Lat.):

Dei,

Lact. 2, 16, 14:

Parcarum leges ac statuta,

id. 1, 11, 14:

statuta Dei et placita,

id. 7, 25, 8.

ăpo (or ăpio, Isid. Orig. 19, 30), ĕre, v. a. [cf.: haptô, apiscor, apex].

A.. To fasten, attach, join, bind, tie to (syn.: ligo, adligo, jungo, conjungo, recto): comprehendere antiqui vinculo apere dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. apex, p. 18 Müll.; cf. apex; used only in part. perf. pass. aptus (the P. a. v. infra):

uteri terrae radicibus apti,

fastened to the earth, Lucr. 5, 808 (Lachm., terram and apti = adepti):

bracchia validis ex apta lacertis,

united with the strong shoulders, id. 4, 829:

gladium e lacunari setā equinā aptum demitti jussit,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62:

linguam vinclis de pectore imo aptis moveri,

Gell. 1, 15.—

Trop.: ex aliquā re (like pendere ex aliquā re), depending upon, arising from (so only in Cic.):

rerum causae aliae ex aliis aptae et necessitate nexae,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 25, 70:

honestum, ex quo aptum est officium,

id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Fin. 2, 14, 47:

ex quā re (sc. virtute) una vita omnis apta sit,

id. Ac. 2, 10, 31:

causa ex aeternis causis apta,

id. Fat. 15, 34:

cui viro ex se apta sunt omnia, etc.,

id. Tusc. 5, 12, 36 (as transl. of Plat. Menex. p. 302: Hotôi gar andri eis heauton anêrtêtai panta, etc.); cf. id. Fam. 5, 13.—Once also with pendere:

non ex verbis aptum pendere jus,

Cic. Caecin. 18.—Also without ex:

vitā modicā et aptā virtute perfrui,

Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 56:

rudentibus apta fortuna,

id. Tusc. 5, 14, [p. 138] 40.—

A.. Joined, bound, or tied together, connected:

aptum conexum et colligatum significat,

Non. p. 234, 32 (so most freq. in Lucr.):

conjugio corporis atque animae consistimus uniter apti,

Lucr. 3, 846; 5, 555; 5, 558:

genus... validis aptum per viscera nervis,

bound together by the strong band of the sinews, id. 5, 928:

quae memorare queam inter se singlariter apta,

id. 6, 1067 al.:

facilius est apta dissolvere quam dissipata conectere,

Cic. Or. 71, 235:

quā ex conjunctione caelum ita aptum est, ut, etc.,

id. Tim. 5:

qui tam certos caeli motus, tamque omnia inter se conexa et apta viderit,

id. N. D. 2, 38, 97; Gell. 6, 2. —

Trop.:

omnia inter se apta et conexa,

Cic. Fin. 4, 19, 53:

apta inter se et cohaerentia,

id. N. D 3, 1, 4:

efficiatur aptum illud, quod fuerit antea diffiuens ac solutum,

id. Or. 70, 233.— Poet., with abl., endowed, furnished, or ornamented with something: fides alma, apta pinnis, furnished with wings, winged, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 29, 105:

stellis fulgentibus apta caeli domus,

the abode of heaven studded with glittering stars, Lucr. 6, 357 (cf. id. 5, 1205: stellis micantibus aethera fixum);

imitated by Verg.: caelum stellis fulgentibus aptum,

Verg. A. 11, 202, and:

axis stellis ardentibus aptus,

id. ib. 4, 482:

veste signis ingentibus aptā,

Lucr. 5, 1428:

magis apta figura,

id. 2, 814: lucus opacus teneris fruticibus aptus, Varr. ap. Non. p. 235, 9:

Tyrio prodeat apta sinu,

Tib. 1, 9, 70.—Hence,

aptus, a, um, P. a., pr., fitted to something; hence, suited, suitable, proper, apposite, fit, appropriate, adapted, conformable to (cf. accommodatus and appositus, 2.).

In gen.: aptus is, qui convenienter alicui junctus est, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. apex, p. 18 Müll. (so most freq. after the Cic. per.); constr. with ad or dat.; of persons always with dat.

With ad:

ossa habent commissuras ad stabilitatem aptas,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139:

in pulmonibus inest raritas quaedam ad hauriendum spiritum aptissima,

id. ib. 2, 55, 136:

locus ad insidias aptior,

id. Mil. 20:

calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,

id. de Or. 1, 54, 231:

castra ad bellum ducendum aptissima,

Caes. B. C. 2, 37; so Vulg. 1 Par. 7, 40; ib. 2 Par. 26, 13:

aptum ad proelium,

ib. 1 Reg. 14, 52:

fornices in muro erant apti ad excurrendum,

Liv. 36, 23, 3 al. —

With dat.:

non omnia rebus sunt omnibus apta,

Lucr. 6, 961:

aliis alias animantibus aptas Res,

id. 6, 773:

initia apta et accommodata naturae,

Cic. Fin. 4, 17, 46:

quod verum, simplex sincerumque sit, id esse naturae hominis aptissimum,

id. Off. 1, 4, 13:

haec genera dicendi aptiora sunt adulescentibus,

id. Brut. 95, 223; so id. ib. 62, 326; id. Tusc. 1, 36, 87; id. Or. 22, 1 al.:

quod aetati tuae esset aptissimum,

id. Off. 1, 2, 4; so Nep. Att. 16, 1:

apta dies sacrificio,

Liv. 1, 45:

venti aptiores Romanae quam suae classi,

id. 25, 37 al.:

notavi portus puppibus aptos,

Ov. M. 3, 596; 4, 160:

armis apta magis tellus,

Prop. 4, 22, 19:

aptum equis Argos,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 9:

apta vinculo conjugali,

Vulg. Ruth, 1, 12; ib. Luc. 9, 62:

aptus amicis,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 43 et saep.— Other constrr.:

With in (cf. Rudd. II. p. 96, n. 60):

in quod (genus pugnae) minime apti sunt,

Liv. 38, 21:

formas deus aptus in omnes,

apt for, easily changed into, Ov. M. 14, 765:

in ceteros apta usus,

Vulg. Deut. 20, 20:

vasa apta in interitum,

ib. Rom. 9, 22.—

With qui (cf. Zumpt, §

568): nulla videbatur aptior persona, quae de illā aetate loqueretur,

Cic. Am. 1, 4:

est mihi, quae lanas molliat, apta manus,

Ov. H. 3, 70.—

Poet., with inf:

(Circe) apta cantu veteres mutare figuras,

Tib. 4, 1, 63:

aetas mollis et apta regi,

Ov. A. A. 1, 10.— Esp. freq.,

Absol., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 235, 16:

amor,

Prop. 4, 22, 42:

saltus,

Ov. M. 2, 498:

ars,

Tib. 1, 7, 60:

apta oscula,

Tib. 1, 4, 54; Ov. H. 15, 132:

lar aptus,

an extensive, satisfying possession, Hor. C. 1, 12, 43.—So in prose:

aptus exercitus,

an army good in fight, ready for battle, Liv. 10, 25:

tempus aptum,

the right time, id. 35, 19; so Vulg. Eccli. 20, 6 al.—

Esp., in rhet., of the fitness, appropriateness of discourse:

quid aptum sit, hoc est quid maxime decens in oratione,

Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 210; so apta oratio, which has the appropriate rhet. fulness and periodic rounding: numerosa et apta oratio, id. Or. 50, 168; cf. id. ib. 50, 70; so id. Brut. 17, 68:

Thucydides verbis aptus et pressus,

exact and brief in expression, id. de Or. 2, 13, 56.—Hence, aptē, adv., closely, fitly, suitably, nicely, rightly.

Lit.

Absol.:

atque ita apte cohaeret (mundi corpus), ut etc.,

Cic. Tim. 5: altera est nexa cum superiore et inde apteque pendens, id. ap. Non. p. 235, 18:

capiti apte reponere,

Liv. 1, 34, 8.—

With ad:

apte convenire ad pedem,

Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 46.— Sup.,

With inter:

ut inter se quam aptissime cohaereant extrema (verba) cum primis etc.,

Cic. Or. 44, 149.—

Trop., fitly, suitably, properly, duly, rightly.

Absol.:

facile judicabimus, quid eorum apte fiat,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146:

quod est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,

id. ib. 1, 1, 2:

apte et quiete ferre,

id. ib. 4, 17, 38:

non equite apte locato,

Liv. 4, 37, 8:

Qui doceant, apte quid tibi possit emi,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 88:

nec aliter imperium apte regi potest,

Curt. 8, 8, 13:

floribus compositis apte et utiliter,

Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 46. — Comp.:

qualia aptius suis referentur locis,

Plin. 2, 62, 62, § 153:

Aptius haec puero, quam tibi, dona dabis,

Mart. 13, 26.—

With dat.:

si quid exierit numeris aptius,

Quint. 10, 12, 26.— Sup.:

seruntur Parilibus tamen aptissime,

Plin. 19, 3, 24, § 69.—

With ad:

(ut) ad rerum dignitatem apte et quasi decore (loquamur),

Cic. de Or. 1, 32, 144:

spolia ducis hostium caesi suspensa fabricato ad id apte ferculo gerens,

Liv. 1, 10, 5.

sto, stĕti, stătum, 1 (scanned stĕtĕrunt, Verg. A. 2, 774; 3, 48; Ov. H. 7, 166; Prop. 2, 8, 10), v. n. [root sta-; Sanscr. sthā, sthalam, locus; Gr. sta-, histêmi, to set, place; statêr, weight; O. H. Germ. stām; Goth. standa; Engl. stand], to stand, in opposition to sitting, walking, or lying prostrate, to stand still, remain standing, stand upright.

Lit.

In gen.:

hos quos videtis stare hic captivos duos, Illi qui astant, hi stant ambo, non sedent,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 1 sq.; cf.:

cum virgo staret et Caecilia in sellā sederet,

Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:

si iste ibit, ito: stabit, astato simul,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 74:

abi intro, noli stare,

id. Mil. 4, 3, 36; so (opp. ire) id. Merc. 3, 3, 21; id. Mil. 4, 2, 95; 4, 9, 10; id. Pers. 3, 3, 43; 4, 4, 50; Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 6; 3, 2, 12:

i: quid stas, lapis?

id. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:

ante aedes,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 56; 1, 1, 250; 2, 2, 35; id. Truc. 2, 3, 14:

ante ostium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 4; id. And. 3, 1, 17; id. Hec. 3, 4, 14; 5, 4, 14:

ante oculos,

Ov. Am. 1, 5, 17:

ad januam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 353:

ad undam,

Verg. G. 4, 356:

orantem juxta,

Stat. Th. 11, 618:

hic foris,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 12:

hinc procul,

Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 1:

propter in occulto,

Cic. Clu. 28, 78; cf.:

qui proximi steterant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 3:

propius,

Hor. A. P. 361:

sta ilico,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18:

qui frequentissimi in gradibus concordiae steterunt,

Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 21:

stans pede in uno,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 10 et saep.—Of things:

ita statim stant signa,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 120:

quorum statuae steterunt in Rostris,

Cic. Phil. 9, 2, 4:

statua,

id. Div. 1, 34, 75:

signa ad impluvium, ad valvas Junonis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61:

stabat acuta silex,

Verg. A. 8, 233:

columna,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 14:

cerea effigies,

id. S. 1, 8, 32; cf. poet.:

aeneus ut stes,

id. ib. 2, 3, 183.— Pass. impers.: Ps. Statur hic ad hunc modum. Sim. Statum vide hominis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 44: Gn. Quid agitur? Pa. Statur, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:

confecto munerum cursu moriar stando,

Amm. 24, 3, 7.—Prov.:

inter sacrum saxumque sto, nec quid faciam scio,

i.e. I am in a pinch, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 84; v. sacrum.—

In partic.

Pregn., to stand firm or immovable; to last, remain, continue: cui nec arae patriae domi stant; fractae et disjectae jacent, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 115 Vahl.):

nec domus ulla nec urbs stare poterit,

Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

stantibus Hierosolymis,

id. Fl. 28, 69:

ut praeter spem stare muros viderunt,

Liv. 38, 5:

urbem innoxiam stare incolumem pati,

id. 31, 31, 15:

hasta, quae radice novā, non ferro stabat adacto,

stuck fast, remained fixed, Ov. M. 15, 562:

missum stetit inguine ferrum,

id. ib. 5, 132; cf. id. ib. 5, 34;

8, 415: stat glacies iners,

Hor. C. 2, 9, 5:

aquae,

Ov. M. 4, 732:

longā stare senectā,

Sil. 3, 94:

cornus stetit inter tempora frontis,

id. 4, 142.—

To remain, tarry, linger any where (cf. moror):

paulisper stetimus in illā ganearum tuarum nidore atque fumo,

Cic. Pis. 6, 13:

hos quos video volitare in foro, quos stare ad curiam,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5: cur non aut stantem comprehenderint, aut fugientem consecuti sint, remaining in the city, id. Cael, 28, 67;

so (opp. fugio),

id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54:

cum gladiis in conspectu senatus,

id. Phil. 2, 4, 8:

qui domi stare non poterant,

id. Fl. 6, 13:

(meretrix) olente in fornice stans,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 30; cf. Ov. Am. 1, 10, 21; Juv. 10, 239; cf.

of minerals not attracted by the magnet: pondere enim fretae partim stant, quod genus aurum,

Lucr. 6, 1058. —

In milit. lang.

To stand in the ranks or under arms, to fight:

quisque uti steterat, jacet obtinetque ordinem,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 86: ut sustinere corpora plerique nequeuntes arma sua quisque stantes incumberet, Sall. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 229 (H. 3, 72 Dietsch):

cum milites a mane diei jejuni sub armis stetissent defatigati, Auct. B. Afr. 42, 3: primo haud impari stetere acie,

Liv. 26, 44:

in Asia totius Asiae steterunt vires,

id. 37, 58: in acie, Auct. B. Hisp. 28 fin.:

pars acie stabat, Auct. B. Afr. 51, 6: stetit acies in armis,

Sen. Phoen. 389; cf.:

stetit ordine certo Infelix acies,

Luc. 7, 2, 16.—

Pregn., to stand firm in fight, stand one's ground, maintain the contest (opp. abjecto scuto fugere), Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:

in acie stare ac pugnare (opp. in castra refugere),

Liv. 22, 60, 25:

Tarquiniensis, novus hostis non stetit solum, sed etiam ab suā parte Romanum pepulit,

id. 2, 6, 11:

comminus,

Caes. B. C. 1, 47:

inque gradu stetimus, certi non cedere,

Ov. M. 9, 43; cf.:

contra leonem,

Spart. Carac. 5.—

Transf., of a battle, to last, hold out, continue (a favorite expression of Livy):

ibi aliquamdiu atrox pugna stetit,

Liv. 29, 2:

diu pugna neutro inclinata stetit,

id. 27, 2:

ita anceps dicitur certamen stetisse,

id. 8, 38:

primo stetit ambiguā spe pugna,

id. 7, 7.—

Nautical t. t., to lie, to lie or ride at anchor:

ante hostium portus in salo stare,

Liv. 37, 16;

Auct. B. Afr. 62: naves regiae in sinu Maliaco,

Liv. 36, 20:

classis instructa in portu,

id. 37, 11:

classis in salo ad Leptim, Auct. B. Afr. 62, 4: litore puppes,

Verg. A. 6, 901.—

Of servants, to stand, wait, attend (very rare): neque pueri eximiā facie stabant, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 15, 12, 2:

sto exspectans, si quid mihi imperent,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 46:

ad cyathum et vinum,

Suet. Caes. 49; cf.:

ad pedes,

id. Galb. 22.—

Of buildings, cities, etc., to stand finished, be erected (mostly poet.):

intra annum nova urbs stetit,

Liv. 6, 4, 6:

jam stabant Thebae,

Ov. M. 3, 131:

moenia jam stabant,

id. F. 3, 181:

stet Capitolium Fulgens,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 42:

aedificant muros... Stabat opus,

Ov. M. 11, 205:

jam stare ratem,

Val. Fl. 1, 96.—

Of the countenance, to be unmoved, to be at rest ( poet.):

stat num quam facies,

Luc. 5, 214:

stant ora metu,

are rigid, Val. Fl. 4, 639; cf.:

cur ad patrios non stant tua lumina vultus,

Stat. Th. 10, 693.—

To stand up, stand upright, stand on end; to bristle up, stiffen, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose): papillae, Lucil. ap. Non. 391, 26:

mammae,

Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 249:

steterunt comae,

Verg. A. 2, 774; 3, 48; Ov. M. 7, 631; cf. id. ib. 10, 425:

crines fulvi pulvere,

Stat. Th. 3, 326:

setae,

Ov. M. 8, 286:

in vertice cristae,

id. ib. 6, 672:

aristae,

id. ib. 10, 655:

stantes oculi,

prominent, Ov. F. 6, 133:

oculis rigentibus et genis stantibus,

fixed, Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 49. —In mal. part., Mart. 3, 73, 2; App. M. 2, p. 117, 39; Auct. Priap. 75, 2.—Rarely of fluids, to coagulate, stiffen:

sanguis stetit,

Sen. Oedip. 585.—

With abl., to stand out with, be thick with, full of any thing (mostly poet.): stant pulvere campi, Enn. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. C. 1, 9, 1 (Ann. v. 592 Vahl.): cupressi Stant rectis foliis, id. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 2, 444 (Ann. v. 268 ib.): stat sentibu' fundus, Lucil. ap. Don. Ter. And. 4, 2, 16; Titin. ap. Non. 391, 21; so,

ager sentibus,

Caecil. ib. 391, 23:

vides ut altā stet nive candidum Soracte,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 1: caelum caligine stat, Sisenn. ap. Non. 392, 8:

pulvere caelum,

Verg. A. 12, 408:

pulvereo globo astra,

Stat. Th. 7, 124:

stant lumina (Charontis) flammā,

Verg. A. 6, 300:

stant pulvere Syrtes,

Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 257.

Trop.

In gen., to stand: mentes, rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

stetisse ipsum in fastigio eloquentiae,

Quint. 12, 1, 20.—

In partic.

Pregn., to stand one's ground, stand firm or unshaken; to endure, persevere, persist, abide, continue:

moribus antiquis res stat Romana virisque, Enn. ap. Aug. Civ. Dei, 2, 21 (Ann. v. 492 Vahl.): disciplinam militarem, quā stetit ad hanc diem Romana res, solvisti,

Liv. 8, 7:

res publica staret,

Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf. id. Cat. 2, 10, 21:

stante urbe et curiā,

id. Planc. 29, 71:

ut eo neglecto civitas stare non possit,

id. Cael. 1, 1:

utinam res publica stetisset, quo coeperat statu,

id. Off. 2, 1, 3:

qui illam (rem publicam) cadere posse stante me non putārant,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 2:

ut stante re publicā facere solebamus,

id. Off. 2, 1, 3:

neque enim aliter stare possemus,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

per quos homines ordinesque steterim, quibusque munitus fuerim, non ignoras,

id. Fam. 13, 29, 7; cf.:

eorum auxilio, qui me stante stare non poterant,

id. ib. 7, 2, 3:

respublica stetit virtute tuā,

Liv. 4, 40:

stetit regnum puero,

id. 1, 3:

dum stetimus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 17:

stamus animis,

Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2:

stas animo,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 213:

Gabinium sine provinciā stare non posse,

could not hold out, subsist, Cic. Pis. 6, 12; cf. id. Fl. 6, 14; Suet. Oth. 5:

nedum sermonum stet honos,

Hor. A. P. 69.—Hence, nearly—esse, tantā stat praedita culpā (natura), Lucr. 5, 199:

pausam stare fragori,

id. 1, 747.—

(Acc. to its use as a milit. t. t., v. supra, I. B. 3.) To maintain the contest:

cum in senatu pulcherrime staremus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 1.—

Stare in aliquā re, simply aliquā re, and post-class. also alicui rei, to stand firm, persist, persevere; to rest, abide, adhere to, continue in a thing.

In aliquā re:

si in fide non stetit,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28:

sin in eo non stat,

id. Att. 2, 4, 1:

stare oportet in eo, quod sit judicatum,

id. Fin. 1, 14, 47:

in sententiā,

Liv. 4, 44.—

With abl.:

eā omnes stant sententiā,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 35:

suis stare judiciis,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81:

censoris opinione,

id. Clu. 47, 132:

alicujus decreto,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

stare conditionibus,

Cic. Att. 7, 15, 2:

stare conventis,

id. Off. 3, 25, 95:

stare jurejurando,

Quint. 5, 6, 4:

nihil quo stat loco stabit, omnia sternet abducetque vetustas,

Sen. ad Marc. 26, 4.— Pass. impers.:

stabitur consilio,

Liv. 7, 35:

etsi priore foedere staretur,

id. 21, 19:

famā rerum standum est,

id. 7, 6.—

With dat.:

arbitri sententiae stare,

Dig. 4, 7, 23 fin.:

voluntati patris,

ib. 26, 7, 3; 36, 3, 6:

rei judicatae,

ib. 42, 1, 32:

emptioni,

ib. 19, 1, 13; ib. 4, 8, 27 (five times) et saep.—

Stat sententia, aliquid, or, impersonally, stat ( alicui), the determination stands or holds good; I ( thou, he, etc.) am determined: Pa. Vide quid agas. Ph. Stat sententia, Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 18:

Hannibal, postquam ipsi sententia stetit, pergere ire,

Liv. 21, 30:

stat sententia tradere mecum Dotalem patriam,

Ov. M. 8, 67:

modo nobis stet illud, unā vivere in studiis nostris,

Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5:

stat pectore fixum, Aeetae sociare manus,

Val. Fl. 5, 289:

nos in Asiam convertemus: neque adhuc stabat, quo potissimum,

Cic. Att. 3, 14, 2:

mihi stat alere morbum,

Nep. Att. 21, 6:

quos ut seponi stetit,

Sil. 3, 68:

stat, casus renovare omnes,

Verg. A. 2, 750. —

In aliquā re, or simply aliquā re, to rest on, be fixed on, depend upon, etc.:

omnis in Ascanio stat cura parentis,

Verg. A. 1, 646:

regnum fraternā stare concordiā,

Liv. 45, 19:

quā (disciplinā) stetit Romana res,

id. 8, 7:

hac arte (i.e. bello) in patriā steti,

id. 5, 44, 2; Val. Fl. 3, 673; Verg. A. 2, 163:

magis famā quam vi stare res suas,

Tac. A. 6, 30:

apud quos virtute quam pecuniā res Romana melius stetit,

id. H. 2, 69 fin.:

famā bella stare,

Curt. 3, 8, 7.—

In theatr. lang., of plays and actors, to stand, i.e. to please, take, succeed:

quod si intellegeret, cum stetit olim nova (fabula), Actoris operā magis stetisse quam suā,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 9 sq.:

partim vix steti, id. Hec. prol. alt. 7: securus, cadat an recto stat fabula talo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 176:

illi, scripta quibus comoedia prisca viris est, Hoc stabant, hoc sunt imitandi,

id. S. 1, 10, 17.—

Stare, ab, cum, or pro aliquo, or aliquā re, or with adv. loci, to stand by, on the side of, adhere to a person or thing, take the part of:

ut nemo contra civium perditorum dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causā steterit constantius,

Cic. Brut. 79, 273:

a se potius quam ab adversariis,

id. Inv. 1, 43, 81:

a mendacio contra verum,

id. ib. 1, 3, 4:

a contrariā ratione,

Auct. Her. 4, 2, 4:

cum di prope ipsi cum Hannibale starent,

Liv. 26, 41, 17; 5, 38:

stabat cum eo senatus majestas,

id. 8, 34, 1:

nobiscum adversus bar, baros,

Nep. Ages. 5, 4:

si pro meā patriā ista virtus staret,

Liv. 2, 12:

pro jure gentium,

id. 38, 25:

pro vobis adversus reges stetimus,

id. 45, 22, 10; 23, 8, 3 Fabri ad loc.:

pro Jubā atque Afris,

Quint. 11, 1, 80:

pro signis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 200:

quamvis duces non essent praesentes, staret tamen pro partibus invicta fortuna ultoris,

Flor. 4, 7, 10:

hic primo pro Pompei partibus, mox simulatione contra Pompeium stetit,

Vell. 2, 48, 4:

voluptas pro iisdem partibus standi,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 4, 1; cf.:

et dii quoque pro meliore stant causā,

Curt. 4, 1, 13:

hinc stas, illinc causam dicis,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 48:

unde stetisset, eo se victoria transferret,

Just. 5, 4, 12: non semper vostra evortet: nunc Juppiter hac stat, stands at your side, stands by you, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 263 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. A. 12, 565.—So with in:

Graeci, qui in Darei partibus steterant,

Curt. 3, 11, 18.—

Stare per aliquem, to stand to one's account, be chargeable or owing to one; to lie at one's door, be one's fault; followed by a negative consequence or effect, expressed by quin, [p. 1763] quominus, or ne.

With quin:

quoniam per eum non stetisset, quin praestaretur, etc.,

Liv. 2, 31, 11 Weissenb.ad loc.—

With quominus (freq.):

si poterit fieri, ut ne pater per me stetisse credat, Quominus haec fierent nuptiae, volo: sed si id non poterit, Id faciam in proclivi quod est, per me stetisse, ut credat,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 16 sq.:

Caesar ubi cognovit per Afranium stare, quominus proelio dimicaretur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 41:

graviter eam rem tulerunt, quod stetisse per Trebonium, quominus oppido potirentur, videbatur,

id. ib. 2, 13; so,

nec, quominus perpetua cum eis amicitia esset, per populum Romanum stetisse,

Liv. 8, 2, 2; 9, 14, 1; 6, 33, 2; 44, 14, 12.—

With ne:

ne praestaremus per vos stetit, qui, etc.,

Liv. 45, 23, 6:

non per milites stetisse, ne vincerent,

id. 3, 61, 2:

quasi per ipsum staret, ne redderetur,

Suet. Aug. 28.—Rarely without the negation; so with ut:

per quam (ignorantiam) stetit, ut tibi obligarer,

Plin. Ep. 10, 6 (22), 2; cf. Ter. And. 4, 2, 17 supra; absol.:

id est, non per me stetit, sed per illud,

Quint. 3, 6, 78; with subj.-clause:

si per eum non stetit, parere defuncti voluntati,

Dig. 32, 1, 36.—

Of price, to stand one in, to come to, to cost (mostly post-Aug.):

Periclum vitae meae tuo stat periculo,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 82:

Polybius scribit, centum talentis eam rem Achaeis stetisse,

Liv. 34, 50; cf.:

sit argumento tibi gratis stare navem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

haud illi stabunt Aeneia parvo Hospitia,

Verg. A. 10, 494:

quae neque magno Stet pretio,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 122:

multo sanguine ac vulneribus ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30:

haud scio an magno detrimento certamen staturum fuerit,

id. 3, 60:

utrique vindicta libertatis morte stetit,

Vell. 2, 64, 3:

heu quanto regnis nox stetit una tuis?

Ov. F. 2, 812 et saep.:

nulla pestis humano generi pluris stetit,

Sen. Ira, 1, 2, 1.

dē-stĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [obs. stanare; a particip. stem from root STA, v. sto; and cf.: dono, digno, etc., Corss. 2, 416], to make fast, make firm, bind (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense—for syn. cf.: decerno, scisco, statuo, jubeo, constituo, sancio, definio).

Lit.:

antemnas ad malos,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 6:

rates ancoris,

id. B. C. 1, 25, 7:

falces (laqueis),

id. B. G. 7, 22, 2:

arcas,

Vitr. 5, 12, 3; dub., v. destina.—

Trop., to establish, determine, resolve, consider; to design, intend, devote, destine; to appoint, choose, elect (syn.: definire, describere, designare, etc.).

In gen. (in Livy freq. connected with animis, v. the foll.).

With double acc.:

aliquem consulem,

Liv. 10, 22; cf. Tac. A. 1, 3:

Papirium parem destinant animis Magno Alexandro ducem, si, etc.,

Liv. 9, 16 fin.; cf.:

animis auctorem caedis,

id. 33, 28:

aliquem regem,

Just. 42, 4, 14 et saep.—

With inf. or a clause:

infectis iis, quae agere destinaverat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 33 fin.; cf. Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 53 al.:

potiorem populi Romani quam regis Persei amicitiam habere,

Liv. 43, 7; 7, 33; Quint. 5, 1, 3; Phaedr. 4, 27, 1; Ov. M. 8, 157 al.—

With dat.:

sibi aliquid,

i. e. to intend purchasing, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 113; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

operi destinati possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 2:

aliquem foro,

Quint. 2, 8, 8:

me arae,

Verg. A 2, 129:

diem necis alicui,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45:

domos publicis usibus,

Vell. 2, 81 fin.: quod signum cuique loco, Quint. 11, 2, 29:

Anticyram omnem illis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 83:

cados tibi,

id. Od. 2, 7, 20 et saep.—

With ad:

tempore locoque ad certamen destinatis,

Liv. 33, 37:

aliquem ad mortem,

id. 2, 54:

consilia ad bellum,

id. 42, 48:

materiam ad scribendum,

Quint. 5, 10, 9 al.:

ad omne obsequium destinati,

Curt. 5, 28, 5.—

With in:

saxo aurove in aliud destinato,

Tac. H. 4, 53 fin.:

legati in provinciam destinati,

Dig. 5, 1, 2:

noctem proximam in fugam,

Amm. 29, 6.—

In partic.

In the lang. of archers, slingers, etc., to fix upon as a mark, to aim at ( = designare scopum):

locum oris,

Liv. 38, 29, 7; so id. 21, 54, 6.— Transf.:

sagittas,

to shoot at the mark, Aur. Vict. Caes. 42.—

In the lang. of trade: sibi aliquid, to fix upon for one's self, to intend to buy:

minis triginta sibi puellam destinat,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 45; id. Most. 3, 1, 113; id. Pers. 4, 3, 72; Lucil. ap. Non. 289, 31; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3 al.— Hence, dēstĭnātus, a, um, destined, fixed (syn.: fixus, certus).

Adj.:

certis quibusdam destinatisque sententiis quasi addicti,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5:

ad horam mortis destinatam,

id. ib. 5, 22, 63:

si hoc bene fixum omnibus destinatumque in animo est,

Liv. 21, 44 fin.:

persona (coupled with certus),

Quint. 3, 6, 57; cf. Cic. Rep. 4, 3.—Destinatum est alicui, with inf. = certum est, it is one's decision, will; he has determined, Liv. 6, 6, 7; Suet. Tib. 13; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 5 al.—

Subst.

dēstĭnāta, ae, f., = sponsa, a betrothed female, bride, Suet. Caes. 27; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 6.—

dēs-tĭnātum, i, n.

A mark or aim, Liv. 38, 26 fin.; Curt. 7, 5 fin. —

An intended, determined object, design, intention:

neque tuis neque Liviae destinatis adversabor,

Tac. A. 4, 40 fin.; cf.:

destinata retinens,

id. ib. 6, 32; so id. H. 4, 18:

antequam destinata componam,

the intended narration, id. ib. 1, 4:

ad destinatum persequor,

the goal of life, Vulg. Philip. 3, 14: destinata dare, the intentions, dispositions of a will, Phaedr. 4, 5, 27; so,

ex destinato,

adv., designedly, intentionally, Sen. Clem. 1, 6; id. Ben. 6, 10 fin.; Suet. Cal. 43;

and in a like sense merely destinato,

Suet. Caes. 60.— dēstĭ-nātē, adv. (perh. only in Ammianus), resolutely, obstinately:

certare,

Amm. 18, 2.— Comp., id. 20, 4; 7; 23, 1; 27, 3.

dē-stĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [obs. stanare; a particip. stem from root STA, v. sto; and cf.: dono, digno, etc., Corss. 2, 416], to make fast, make firm, bind (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense—for syn. cf.: decerno, scisco, statuo, jubeo, constituo, sancio, definio).

Lit.:

antemnas ad malos,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 6:

rates ancoris,

id. B. C. 1, 25, 7:

falces (laqueis),

id. B. G. 7, 22, 2:

arcas,

Vitr. 5, 12, 3; dub., v. destina.—

Trop., to establish, determine, resolve, consider; to design, intend, devote, destine; to appoint, choose, elect (syn.: definire, describere, designare, etc.).

In gen. (in Livy freq. connected with animis, v. the foll.).

With double acc.:

aliquem consulem,

Liv. 10, 22; cf. Tac. A. 1, 3:

Papirium parem destinant animis Magno Alexandro ducem, si, etc.,

Liv. 9, 16 fin.; cf.:

animis auctorem caedis,

id. 33, 28:

aliquem regem,

Just. 42, 4, 14 et saep.—

With inf. or a clause:

infectis iis, quae agere destinaverat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 33 fin.; cf. Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 53 al.:

potiorem populi Romani quam regis Persei amicitiam habere,

Liv. 43, 7; 7, 33; Quint. 5, 1, 3; Phaedr. 4, 27, 1; Ov. M. 8, 157 al.—

With dat.:

sibi aliquid,

i. e. to intend purchasing, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 113; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

operi destinati possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 2:

aliquem foro,

Quint. 2, 8, 8:

me arae,

Verg. A 2, 129:

diem necis alicui,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45:

domos publicis usibus,

Vell. 2, 81 fin.: quod signum cuique loco, Quint. 11, 2, 29:

Anticyram omnem illis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 83:

cados tibi,

id. Od. 2, 7, 20 et saep.—

With ad:

tempore locoque ad certamen destinatis,

Liv. 33, 37:

aliquem ad mortem,

id. 2, 54:

consilia ad bellum,

id. 42, 48:

materiam ad scribendum,

Quint. 5, 10, 9 al.:

ad omne obsequium destinati,

Curt. 5, 28, 5.—

With in:

saxo aurove in aliud destinato,

Tac. H. 4, 53 fin.:

legati in provinciam destinati,

Dig. 5, 1, 2:

noctem proximam in fugam,

Amm. 29, 6.—

In partic.

In the lang. of archers, slingers, etc., to fix upon as a mark, to aim at ( = designare scopum):

locum oris,

Liv. 38, 29, 7; so id. 21, 54, 6.— Transf.:

sagittas,

to shoot at the mark, Aur. Vict. Caes. 42.—

In the lang. of trade: sibi aliquid, to fix upon for one's self, to intend to buy:

minis triginta sibi puellam destinat,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 45; id. Most. 3, 1, 113; id. Pers. 4, 3, 72; Lucil. ap. Non. 289, 31; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3 al.— Hence, dēstĭnātus, a, um, destined, fixed (syn.: fixus, certus).

Adj.:

certis quibusdam destinatisque sententiis quasi addicti,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5:

ad horam mortis destinatam,

id. ib. 5, 22, 63:

si hoc bene fixum omnibus destinatumque in animo est,

Liv. 21, 44 fin.:

persona (coupled with certus),

Quint. 3, 6, 57; cf. Cic. Rep. 4, 3.—Destinatum est alicui, with inf. = certum est, it is one's decision, will; he has determined, Liv. 6, 6, 7; Suet. Tib. 13; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 5 al.—

Subst.

dēstĭnāta, ae, f., = sponsa, a betrothed female, bride, Suet. Caes. 27; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 6.—

dēs-tĭnātum, i, n.

A mark or aim, Liv. 38, 26 fin.; Curt. 7, 5 fin. —

An intended, determined object, design, intention:

neque tuis neque Liviae destinatis adversabor,

Tac. A. 4, 40 fin.; cf.:

destinata retinens,

id. ib. 6, 32; so id. H. 4, 18:

antequam destinata componam,

the intended narration, id. ib. 1, 4:

ad destinatum persequor,

the goal of life, Vulg. Philip. 3, 14: destinata dare, the intentions, dispositions of a will, Phaedr. 4, 5, 27; so,

ex destinato,

adv., designedly, intentionally, Sen. Clem. 1, 6; id. Ben. 6, 10 fin.; Suet. Cal. 43;

and in a like sense merely destinato,

Suet. Caes. 60.— dēstĭ-nātē, adv. (perh. only in Ammianus), resolutely, obstinately:

certare,

Amm. 18, 2.— Comp., id. 20, 4; 7; 23, 1; 27, 3.

sĕdeo, sēdi, sessum, 2, v. n. [Sanscr. root sad-; Gr. ἙΔ, to sit; cf. ἕδος, ἕζομαι; Lat. sedes, insidiae, sedare, sella, etc.; Engl. sit, seat], to sit.

Lit. (very freq. in prose and poetry); constr. absol., with in, the simple abl., or with other prepp. and advv. of place.

In gen.

Absol.:

hi stant ambo, non sedent,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 2; cf. id. ib. 12; id. Mil. 2, 1, 4:

quid sit, quod cum tot summi oratores sedeant, ego potissimum surrexerim,

remain sitting, Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1:

sedens iis assensi,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 9:

lumbi sedendo dolent,

Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 6:

supplex ille sedet,

Prop. 4 (5), 5, 37.—

With in:

in subselliis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 5:

sedilibus in primis eques sedet,

Hor. Epod. 4, 16:

in proscaenio,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 18; cf.: aliquem in XIIII. sessum deducere, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 2; Suet. Caes. 39 (v. quattuordecim): malo in illā tuā sedeculā sedere quam in istorum sella curuli, Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf.:

in sellā,

id. Div. 1, 46, 104:

in saxo (ejecti),

Plaut. Rud. prol. 73; Ov. H. 10, 49:

in arā (mulieres supplices),

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 9:

in solio,

Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69; Ov. M. 2, 23:

in equo,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27:

in leone,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109; and with a gen. specification of the place where:

in conclavi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 35:

in hemicyclio domi,

Cic. Lael. 1, 2:

bubo in culmine,

Ov. M. 6, 432:

cornix in humo,

id. Am. 3, 5, 22:

musca in temone,

Phaedr. 3, 6, 1.—

With simple abl. (not ante-Aug.):

bis sex caelestes, medio Jove, sedibus altis sedent,

Ov. M. 6, 72:

solio,

id. ib. 6, 650;

14, 261: sede regiā,

Liv. 1, 41:

eburneis sellis,

id. 5, 41:

sellā curuli,

id. 30, 19:

carpento,

id. 1, 34:

cymbā,

Ov. M. 1, 293:

puppe,

id. F. 6, 471:

humo,

id. M. 4, 261:

equo,

Mart. 5, 38, 4; 11, 104, 14; cf.:

dorso aselli,

Ov. F. 3, 749:

delphine,

id. M. 11, 237:

columbae viridi solo,

Verg. A. 6, 192:

recessu,

Ov. M. 1, 177; 14, 261:

theatro,

id. A. A. 1, 497.—

With other prepp. and advv. of place:

inter ancillas,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 46:

ante fores,

Ov. M. 4, 452; Tib. 1, 3, 30:

ad tumulum supplex,

id. 2, 6, 33:

sub arbore,

Ov. M. 4, 95:

sub Jove,

id. ib. 4, 261:

ducis sub pede,

id. Tr. 4, 2, 44:

post me gradu uno,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 40:

apud quem,

Cic. Rep. 3, 28, 32 (ap. Non. 522, 30) et saep.:

non sedeo istic, vos sedete,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 36:

illic,

Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 4; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 41.—

Late Lat., pass., of animals, to be ridden (cf. Engl. to sit a horse):

sederi equos in civitatibus non sivit,

Spart. Hadr. 22;

Cod. Th. 9, 30, 3: cum (Bucephalus) ab equario suo mollius sederetur,

Sol. 45:

animalia sedentur,

Veg. 2, 28, 12.—

In partic.

Of magistrates, esp. of judges, to sit in council, in court, or on the bench:

(Scaevolā tribuno) in Rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem Crassus,

Cic. Brut. 43, 161:

ejus igitur mortis sedetis ultores, etc.,

id. Mil. 29, 79; id. Clu. 37, 103 sq.:

si idcirco sedetis, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; so,

judex,

Liv. 40, 8:

Appius, ne ejus rei causā sedisse videretur,

id. 3, 46, 9; Phaedr. 1, 10, 6:

sedissem forsitan unus De centum judex in tua verba viris,

Ov. P. 3, 5, 23; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 3:

Minos arbiter,

Prop. 3, 19 (4, 18), 27; cf.:

sedeo pro tribunali,

id. ib. 1, 10, 9: a quibus si qui quaereret, sedissentne judices in Q. Fabricium, sedisse se dicerent, Cic Clu. 38, 105; cf. id. Rab. Post. 5, 10.—Also of the assistants of the judges:

nobis in tribunali Q. Pompeii praetoris urbani sedentibus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 168; id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12.—In Quint., also of the advocate, Quint. 11, 3, 132.—Of witnesses:

dicendo contra reum, cum quo sederit,

Quint. 5, 7, 32.—Of a presiding officer:

sedente Claudio,

Tac. A. 11, 11.—Of augurs sitting to wait for an augurium:

sed secundum augures sedere est augurium captare,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 9, 4; cf. id. ib. 1, 56; Interp. Mai ad Verg. A. 10, 241; Fest. s. v. silentio, p. 248, a Müll.; cf. Becker, Antiq. 2, 3, p. 76.—

To continue sitting, to sit still; to continue, remain, tarry, wait, abide in a place; and with an implication of inactivity, to sit idly, be inactive; to linger, loiter, etc.:

isdem consulibus sedentibus atque inspectantibus lata lex est, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 15, 33 (cf. id. Pis. 9):

majores nostri, qui in oppido sederent, quam qui rura colerent, desidiosiores putabant,

Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. §

1: quasi claudus sutor domi sedet totos dies,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 34; cf.:

an sedere oportuit Domi,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 38:

iis ventis istinc navigatur, qui si essent, nos Corcyrae non sederemus,

Cic. Fam. 16, 7:

quor sedebas in foro, si eras coquos Tu solus?

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 11:

in villā totos dies,

Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2:

circum argentarias cottidie,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 48:

sedemus desides domi,

Liv. 3, 68:

statuit congredi quam cum tantis copiis refugere aut tam diu uno loco sedere,

Nep. Dat. 8, 1:

non cuivis contingit adire Corinthum. Sedit qui timuit, ne non succederet,

sat still, stayed at home, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 37.—Esp. of waiting on an oracle or a god for an answer or for aid (= Gr. ïzein):

ante sacras fores,

Tib. 1, 3, 30:

illius ad tumulum fugiam supplexque sedebo,

id. 2, 6, 33:

custos ad mea busta sedens,

Prop. 3, 16 (4, 15), 24:

meliora deos sedet omina poscens,

Verg. G. 3, 456; so of a lover at the door of his mistress: me retinent victum formosae vincla puellae, Et sedeo janitor, Tib. [p. 1659] 1, 1, 56:

et frustra credula turba sedet,

id. 4, 4, 18.—

Of long, esp. of inactive encamping in war, to sit, i. e. to remain encamped, to keep the field, before an enemy's fortress or army:

hostium copiae magnae contra me sedebant, Cato ap. Charis, p. 197 P.: septimum decimum annum Ilico sedent,

Naev. 6, 2:

dum apud hostes sedimus,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 52:

sedendo expugnare urbem,

Liv. 2, 12:

sedendo et cunctando bellum gerere,

id. 22, 24:

quieto sedente rege ad Enipeum,

id. 44, 27:

ad Suessulam,

id. 7, 37; 9, 3; 9, 44; 10, 25; 22, 39; 23, 19; 44, 27; Verg. A. 5, 440:

apud moenia Contrebiae,

Val. Max. 7, 4, 5.—Hence, prov.:

compressis, quod aiunt, manibus sedere,

Liv. 7, 13, 7; and:

vetus proverbium est, Romanus sedendo vincit (prob. originating with Q. Fabius Cunctator),

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 2.—

For desideo (2.), to sit at stool, Marc. Emp. 29; so,

sordido in loco sedere,

Val. Max. 9, 13, 2.—

Trop. (in prose not freq. till after the Aug. per.; not in Cic.).

In gen., to sink or settle down, to subside:

cum pondere libra Prona nec hac plus parte sedet nec surgit ab illā,

Tib. 4, 1, 42:

quod neque tam fuerunt gravia, ut depressa sederent, Nec levia, ut possent per summas labier oras,

Lucr. 5, 474; cf.: flamma petit altum; propior locus aëra cepit;

Sederunt medio terra fretumque solo,

Ov. F. 1,110:

sedet nebula densior campo quam montibus,

Liv. 22, 4:

sedet vox auribus,

sinks into, penetrates, Quint. 11, 3, 40: rupti aliqui montes tumulique sedere, Sall. Fragm. ap. Isid. Orig. 14, 1, 2 (H. 2, 43 Dietsch); cf.:

sedisse immensos montes,

Tac. A. 2, 47: memor illius escae, Quae simplex olim sibi sederit, sat well upon your stomach, i. e. agreed well with you, Hor. S. 2, 2, 73; Quint. 9, 4, 94.—

Of feelings, passions, etc.: his dictis sedere minae, subsided, i. e. were quieted, = sedatae sunt, Sil. 10, 624; cf.:

nusquam irae: sedit rabies feritasque famesque,

Stat. Th. 10, 823. —

Of places, to sink, i. e. to lie low, to be in the valley or plain:

campo Nola sedet,

Sil. 12, 162:

mediisque sedent convallibus arva,

Luc. 3, 380; Stat. Th. 1, 330; cf.:

lactuca sedens,

i. e. lower, Mart. 10, 48, 9 ( = sessilis, id. 3, 47, 8).—

In partic., to sit, sit close or tight, to hold or hang fast, to be fast, firm, fixed, immovable; be settled, established, etc.:

tempus fuit, quo navit in undis, Nunc sedet Ortygie,

Ov. M. 15, 337:

in liquido sederunt ossa cerebro,

stuck fast, id. ib. 12, 289;

so of weapons, etc., that sink deep: clava (Herculis), adversi sedit in ore viri,

id. F. 1, 576:

cujus (Scaevae) in scuto centum atque viginti tela sedere,

Flor. 4, 2, 40:

librata cum sederit (glans),

Liv. 38, 29; hence, poet. also, of deep-seated wounds: plagam sedere Cedendo arcebat, from sinking or penetrating deeply, Ov. M. 3, 88:

alta sedent vulnera,

Luc. 1, 32.—Of clothes, to fit (opp. dissidere, v. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 96):

ita et sedet melius et continetur (pars togae),

sits better, Quint. 11, 3, 140 sq.; so,

toga umero,

id. 11, 3, 161; cf.:

quam bene umeris tuis sederet imperium,

Plin. Pan. 10, 6.—Of vessels:

sicco jam litore sedit,

Luc. 8, 726:

naves super aggerationem, quae fuerat sub aquā, sederent,

stuck fast, grounded, Vitr. 10, 22 med. et saep.:

cujus laetissima facies et amabilis vultus in omnium civium ore, oculis, animo sedet,

Plin. Pan. 55, 10:

aliquid fideliter in animo,

Sen. Ep. 2, 2:

unum Polynicis amati Nomen in ore sedet,

Stat. Th. 12, 114; so,

Cressa relicta in ingenio tuo,

Ov. H. 2, 76:

sedere coepit sententia haec,

to be established, Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 23; cf.:

nunc parum mihi sedet judicium,

Sen. Ep. 46, 3; Amm. 14, 1, 5; 15, 2, 5. —Hence, also of any thing fixed, resolved, or determined upon:

si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet, Ne cui, etc.,

Verg. A. 4, 15; cf.:

idque pio sedet Aeneae,

id. ib. 5, 418:

bellum,

Flor. 2, 15, 4:

consilium fugae,

id. 2, 18, 14:

haec,

Sil. 15, 352. —With a subject-clause:

tunc sedet Ferre iter impavidum,

Stat. Th. 1, 324:

vacuo petere omina caelo,

id. ib. 3, 459:

Aegaei scopulos habitare profundi,

Val. Fl. 2, 383.