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21 нивелировка
rigging
(нивелирование)
регулировка взаимного расположения элементов самолета (крыла, оперения, мотогондол) с помощью нивелиpa, которым измеряется превышение нивелировочных точек на конструкции самолета. — the relative adjustment or alignment of the component parts, controls, and control surfaces, so that the airplane will be airworthy and fly in a normal manner.
- и взвешивание (раздел 8 рэ) — leveling and weighing
информация, необходимая для нивелировки самолета для технического обслуживания, ремонта, а также для подготовки к взвешиванию, — information necessary to properly level the aircraft for maintenance, overhaul or major repairs, and to prepare the aircraft for weighing.
- (проверка взаимного положения и симметричности неподвижных поверхностей самолета: угла заклинения (установки) крыла, поперечного v и т.п.) — rigging check rigging checks cover the checks of the incidence and dihedral of fixed surfaces, and symmetry checks.
- (установка самолета в линию горизонтального полета без крена) — leveling /levelling/ то properly level the aircraft.
- крыла по углу поперечного v — wing dihedral rigging check
- крыла (или неподвижного стабилизатора) по установочному углу — wing (or horizontal stabilizer) incidence rigging check
- мотогондолы (контроль) — engine nacelle rigging check
-, окончательная — final leveling
- опор(ы) шасси (контроль) — landing gear rigging cheek
- поверхностей управления — control surfaces adjustment
-, поперечная — lateral leveling
-, предварительная — initial leveling
-, продольная — longitudinal leveling
- самолета, силовой установки и поверхностей управления — general rigging and power plant and control surfaces adjustment
- стабилизатора по углу поперечного v (контроль) — horizontal stabilizer dihedral rigging check
- стабилизатора (управляемогo) no установочному углу — horizontal stabilizer (incidence) setting rigging check
- фюзеляжа (проверка правильности стыковки) производить н. (см. нивелировать) — fuselage rigging check rig, levelРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > нивелировка
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22 ab
ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:I.AF VOBEIS,
Inscr. Orell. 3114;AF MVRO,
ib. 6601;AF CAPVA,
ib. 3308;AF SOLO,
ib. 589;AF LYCO,
ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):abs chorago,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):abs quivis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:abs terra,
Cato, R. R. 51;and in compounds: aps-cessero,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,
id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).In space, and,II.Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.I.Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):b.Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:fuga ab urbe turpissima,
Cic. Att. 7, 21:ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,
Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:c.oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,
id. ib. 1, 25, 2:profecti a domo,
Liv. 40, 33, 2;of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,
Liv. 8, 22, 6;of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,
Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,
id. 24, 40, 2.Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):B.Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,
id. Att. 7, 24:cum a vobis discessero,
id. Sen. 22:multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:so a fratre,
id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:a Pontio,
Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:ab ea,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.1.Of separation:2.ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:abesse a domo paulisper maluit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,
Sall. C. 40, 5:absint lacerti ab stabulis,
Verg. G. 4, 14.—Of distance:3.quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,
id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,
Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,
id. Pis. 11, 26; and:tam prope ab domo detineri,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,
eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,
id. 37, 38, 5). —To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:II.picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,
on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,
at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:erat a septentrionibus collis,
on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).Fig.A.In time.1.From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:2.Exul ab octava Marius bibit,
Juv. 1,40:mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,
immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:ab hac contione legati missi sunt,
immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:ab eo magistratu,
after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:a summa spe novissima exspectabat,
after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,
Liv. 30, 36, 1:statim a funere,
Suet. Caes. 85;and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,
id. ib. 60:protinus ab adoptione,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,
soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,
i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,
i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:b.ab hora tertia bibebatur,
from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,
since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:vixit ab omni aeternitate,
from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,
Nep. Att. 5, 3:in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,
after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,
since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,
id. Sen. 6, 19; and:ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,
since, Sall. C. 47, 2:diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,
Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,
since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,
from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,
Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,
from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:B.qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,
from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,a pueritia,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:jam inde ab adulescentia,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:ab adulescentia,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1:jam a prima adulescentia,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:ab ineunte adulescentia,
id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:a primis temporibus aetatis,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:a teneris unguiculis,
from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:usque a toga pura,
id. Att. 7, 8, 5:jam inde ab incunabulis,
Liv. 4, 36, 5:a prima lanugine,
Suet. Oth. 12:viridi ab aevo,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;rarely of animals: ab infantia,
Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,a pausillo puero,
id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:a puero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:a pueris,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:ab adulescente,
id. Quint. 3, 12:ab infante,
Col. 1, 8, 2:a parva virgine,
Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:a parvis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:a parvulo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:ab parvulis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:ab tenero,
Col. 5, 6, 20;and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.1.In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):2.suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:hic ab artificio suo non recessit,
id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:condicionem quam ab te peto,
id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:si quid ab illo acceperis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:ab defensione desistere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,
id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,
the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:tu nunc eris alter ab illo,
next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,
next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:quid hoc ab illo differt,
from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,
id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7:alieno a te animo fuit,
id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):subdole ab re consulit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:haut est ab re aucupis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,
Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).In partic.a.To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:b.a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:disputata ab eo,
id. ib. 1, 4 al.:illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:ita generati a natura sumus,
id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,
Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,
is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:salvebis a meo Cicerone,
i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,
i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:ne vir ab hoste cadat,
Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,
id. Off. 2, 6, 19:si calor est a sole,
id. N. D. 2, 52:ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),
id. Att. 16, 7, 5:metu poenae a Romanis,
Liv. 32, 23, 9:bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,
id. 3, 22, 2:ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,
id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:lassus ab equo indomito,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,
Prop. 5, 1, 126:tempus a nostris triste malis,
time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?
by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),
Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:si postulatur a populo,
if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:deseror conjuge,
Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;and in prose,
Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:c.pastores a Pergamide,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:Turnus ab Aricia,
Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,
Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:d.(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,
id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:e.da, puere, ab summo,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:coepere a fame mala,
Liv. 4, 12, 7:cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,
tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:f.a foliis et stercore purgato,
Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?
Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,
Liv. 21, 11, 5:expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,
id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,
Sall. C. 32:ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,
Liv. 21, 35, 12:ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133.With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:g.el metul a Chryside,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:ab Hannibale metuens,
Liv. 23, 36; and:metus a praetore,
id. 23, 15, 7;v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59:postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,
you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.With verbs of fastening and holding:h.funiculus a puppi religatus,
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:i.a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,
Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):j.id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22.Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:k.doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,a frigore laborantibus,
Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:laborare ab re frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:l.ab ingenio improbus,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:a me pudica'st,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:orba ab optimatibus contio,
Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):locus copiosus a frumento,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,
id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,
Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;so often in poets ab arte=arte,
artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:m.linguam ab irrisu exserentem,
thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:ab honore,
id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:n.ab illo injuria,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:fulgor ab auro,
Lucr. 2, 5:dulces a fontibus undae,
Verg. G. 2, 243.In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:o.scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:nonnuill ab novissimis,
id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:p.qui sunt ab ea disciplina,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:ab eo qui sunt,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,
id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;q.in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,
one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,a manu servus,
a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:► a.a peregre,
Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:a foris,
Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:ab intus,
ib. ib. 7, 15:ab invicem,
App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:a longe,
Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:a modo,
ib. ib. 23, 39;Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:a sursum,
ib. Marc. 15, 38.Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:b.Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 37, 91:a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?
id. Sen. 6:a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?
id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—c.It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:d.a vitae periculo,
Cic. Brut. 91, 313:a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,
id. Arch. 6, 12:a minus bono,
Sall. C. 2, 6:a satis miti principio,
Liv. 1, 6, 4:damnis dives ab ipsa suis,
Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):e.aque Chao,
Verg. G. 4, 347:aque mero,
Ov. M. 3, 631:aque viro,
id. H. 6, 156:aque suis,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:a meque,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:abs teque,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:a teque,
id. ib. 8, 11, §7: a primaque adulescentia,
id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.III.In composition ab,1.Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—2.It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.) -
23 винт (воздушный)
propeller
лопастный агрегат, приводимый во вращение двигателем для преобразования мощности (крутящего момента) двигателя в тягу (рис. 58) — function of propeller is conversion of engine shaft torque into thrust.
-, автоматический (ав) — automatically controllable propeller
-, авторотирующий — windmilling propeller
-, воздушный — propeller
-, гидравлический — hydraulically-controlled propeller
воздушный винт изменяемого шага, у которого перестановка лопастей в обоих направлениях (на больший шаг и на меньший) или только в одном направлении производится под действием масла, подаваемого в механизм винта. — a propeller the blades of which are adjusted hydraulically to a low and a high pitch angle.
-, гидромеханический — hydro-mechanical propeller
- двухсторонней схемы — propeller with double-acting system
-, зафлюгированный — feathered propeller
- изменяемого шага (виш, управляемый автоматически и принудительно) — variable-pitch propeller
воздушный винт, лопасти которого во время работы могут принудительно или автоматически поворачиваться вокруг своих осей (изменять шаг) — a propeller the pitch setting of which can be changed by the flight crew or by automatic means while the propeller is rotating.
- изменяемого шага с наземной регулировкой — ground adjustable-pitch propeller
- изменяемого шага (с принудительным управлением) — manually controllable propeller
-, моноблочный — integral propeller
-, находящийся на упоре полетного малого шага — propeller blades set in flightfine-pitch stop position
- неизменяемого шага — fixed-pitch propeller
воздушный винт, попасти которого не могут поворачиваться вокруг своих осей. — a propeller having no provision for changing the pitch setting.
-, неотбалансированный — out-of-balance propeller
-, неуравновешенный — out-of-balance propeller
- переменного шага — controllable /variable/ pitch propeller
-, разбалансированный — out-of-balance propeller
-, реверсивный — reversible-pitch propeller
воздушный винт, лопасти которого во время работы могут быть установлены в такое положение, при котором его вращение создает отрицательную сипу тяги. — reversible-pitch propellers. 200 complete cycles of control must be made from the lowest normal pitch to the maximum reverse pitch.
- с наземной регулировкой шага — ground adjustable-pitch propeller
- с неодинаковым уводом лопастей от плоскости вращения — out-of-track propeller a propeller having the blade tilt ot one blade different from that of the other(s).
- с неодинаковым шагом лопастей — out-of-pitch propeller a propeller having the blade angle of one blade different from that of any other.
- с упором земного малого шага — ground-fine-pitch propeller
- с упором полетного малого шага — flight-low/-fine/-pitch propeller
-, типичный (для испытаний) — representative propeller
-, толкающий — pusher propeller a propeller producing compression in the propeller shaft.
-, тянущий — tractor propeller a propeller producing tension in the propeller shaft.
- фиксированного шага — adjustable-pitch propeller
воздушный винт, попасти которого могут быть установлены под любым углом к плоскости вращения, но во время работы винта поворачиваться вокруг своих осей не могут. — a propeller, the blades of which can be adjusted to a desired pitch when not rotating.
-, флюгерный (флюгируемый) — feathering propeller
воздушный винт изменяемого шага, попасти которого могут быть установлены в положение "по потоку", характеризуемое тем, что в случае выключенного двигателя винт в полете прекращает вращаться и имеет минимальное лобовое сопротивление. — the propeller the blades of which can be set nearly parallel with the line of flight of the airplane for the purpose to decrease air resistance in case of engine failure, so that the propeller will not be rotated by the air.
-, четырехлопастный — four-blade(d) propeller
-, электромеханический — electrically-operated propeller
балансировка в. — propeller balancing
зазор между в. и элементами конструкции самолета — propeller structural clearance
клиренс в. — propeller clearance
обдувка от в. — slipstream
обороты (воздушного) в. — propeller speed
плоскость вращения в. — propeller disc plane
площадь диска в. — propeller disc area
площадь ометаемая воздушным в. — propeller disc area
поступь в. — propeller effective pitch
спед за в. — propeller wake
характеристика воздушного винта в. — propeller characteristic
шаг в. — propeller pitch
балансировать в. — balance the propeller
вводить винт во флюгер вращать в. по (через) 30о — feather the propeller turn the.propeller in increments of approx. 30 deg.
выводить в. из реверса — unreverse the propeller
выводить в. из флюгера — unfeather the propeller
застопорить в. — brake the propeller
затяжелять в. — set the propeller blades to higher pitch
зафлюгировать в. — feather the propeller
изменять шаг в. — change the propeller pitch
облегчать в. — move the propeller blades to lower pitch
отбалансировать в. — balance the propeller
поворачивать в. постепенно через...град. — turn the propeller in increments of... deg.
расфлюгировать в. — unfeather the propeller
реверсировать в. — reverse the propeller
снимать в. с упора полетного малого шага — unlatch the propeller flight low-pitch stop
ставить в. на упор малого полетного шага — latch the propeller flight lowpitch stop
флюгировать в. — feather the propellerРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > винт (воздушный)
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24 операция
operation вчт., making, operator, run, procedure, step* * *опера́ция ж.
operationвы́разить опера́цию че́рез штрих Ше́ффера ( в математической логике) — express an operation in terms of the Sheffer strokeзаверша́ть опера́цию — complete an operationза одну́ опера́цию — in one operationопера́ция над … мат. — operation on …начина́ть опера́цию вчт. — initiate an operationосуществля́ть [реализова́ть] опера́цию, напр. умноже́ния — perform the operation of, e. g., multiplicationосуществля́ть [реализова́ть] опера́цию умноже́ния с примене́нием, напр. сумми́рования и сдви́га вчт. — perform [carry out] multiplication by the combined operations of, e. g., addition and shiftingплани́ровать опера́цию вхо́да-вы́хода вчт. — schedule an input-output [I/ O] operationпрекраща́ть опера́цию вчт. — terminate an operationсовмеща́ть опера́ции (напр. чтения, записи и обработки данных) — overlap (e. g., read, write and process) operationsсовмеща́ть (выполне́ние) опера́ции вчт. — overlap operationsарифмети́ческая опера́ция — arithmetic(al) operation, arithmetic(s)арифмети́ческая опера́ция над поря́дками — exponent arithmetic(s)арифмети́ческая опера́ция с двойно́й то́чностью — double precision arithmetic(s)арифмети́ческая опера́ция с пла́вающей запято́й — floating-point arithmetic(s)арифмети́ческая опера́ция с фикси́рованной запято́й — fixed-point arithmeticsвычисли́тельная опера́ция — computationопера́ция Г ( в алгебре логики) — Pierce strokeопера́ция за́писи — write operationопера́ция запре́та — inhibit operationопера́ция И — AND operationопера́ция ИЛИ — OR operationлоги́ческая опера́ция — logical operationреализова́ть логи́ческую опера́цию аппарату́рно [физи́чески] — instrument [mechanize] a logical functionмаши́нная опера́ция — computer operationнала́дочная опера́ция — setting-up, adjustment, tuningопера́ция НЕ — NOT operationопера́ция «НЕ-И» — NAND operationопера́ция «НЕ-ИЛИ» — NOR operationнеобрати́мая опера́ция — irreversible operationотде́лочная опера́ция — finishing operationопера́ция отноше́ния ( в АЛГОЛе) — relation(al) operatorпо́лная опера́ция вчт. — complete operationпроизво́дственная опера́ция — ( в обрабатывающих отраслях) manufacturing operation; ( в перерабатывающих отраслях) processing operationплани́ровать произво́дственные опера́ции — schedule the operationsпроизво́дственная опера́ция обслу́живания — service operationпроизво́дственная, основна́я опера́ция — productive operationпроизво́дственные, вспомога́тельные опера́ции — auxiliary operationsопера́ция развё́ртывания ( в алгебре логики) — expansionраздели́тельная опера́ция метал. — shearing operationопера́ция счи́тывания — read operationтехнологи́ческая опера́ция — production operationопера́ция управле́ния — control operation -
25 температура
* * *температу́ра ж.
( степень нагретости) temperature; (точка превращения, перехода в другое состояние и т. п.) point, temperatureзави́сящий от температу́ры — temperature-dependentзамеря́ть [измеря́ть] температу́ру — take [measure] the temperatureне зави́сящий от температу́ры — temperature-independentне чувстви́тельный к температу́ре — temperature-insensitiveотсчи́тывать температу́ру от то́чки нуля́ — reckon temperature from zeroтемперату́ра па́дает — the temperature fallsподде́рживать температу́ру … гра́дусов — hold [maintain] a temperature of … degтемперату́ра поднима́ется — the temperature risesпри температу́ре … гра́дусов — at a temperature of … degreesвода́ кипи́т при температу́ре 100°C — water boils at a temperature of 100°Cрегистри́ровать [фикси́ровать] температу́ру, напр. во́здуха — ( отмечать зрительно) note [observe, read] the temperature of, e. g., the air; ( с записью на бумаге) record the temperature of, e. g., the airрегули́ровать температу́ру — ( автоматически) control temperature; ( вручную) adjust temperatureчувстви́тельный к температу́ре — temperature-sensitiveабсолю́тная температу́ра — absolute temperatureадиабати́ческая температу́ра — adiabatic temperatureатмосфе́рная температу́ра — atmospheric temperatureбезразме́рная температу́ра — dimensionless temperatureтемперату́ра бе́лого кале́ния — white heatнагрева́ть до температу́ры бе́лого кале́ния — raise to white heatви́димая температу́ра — apparent temperatureтемперату́ра возго́нки — sublimation temperatureтемперату́ра воспламене́ния — ignition temperature, fire pointтемперату́ра восстановле́ния — reduction temperatureтемперату́ра вспы́шки — flash pointтемперату́ра вы́пуска ста́ли — tap temperatureтемперату́ра вырожде́ния — degeneracy temperatureтемперату́ра горе́ния — combustion temperatureтемперату́ра горя́чей штампо́вки — forging temperatureтемперату́ра дово́дки метал. — finishing temperatureтемперату́ра дутья́ — air-blast temperatureтемперату́ра желатиниза́ции — gelatinization temperatureтемперату́ра жидкотеку́чести — free-flowing temperatureтемперату́ра зака́лки — hardening temperature; quenching temperatureтемперату́ра замерза́ния — freezing pointтемперату́ра замора́живания — freezing temperatureтемперату́ра застыва́ния — solidification [congelation] temperatureтемперату́ра затвердева́ния — hardening temperatureтемперату́ра излуче́ния — radiation temperatureио́нная температу́ра — ion temperatureтемперату́ра испаре́ния — vaporization temperatureисхо́дная температу́ра — reference temperatureтемперату́ра каландри́рования — calendering temperatureтемперату́ра каплепаде́ния — drop temperature, drop(ping) pointтемперату́ра кипе́ния — boiling pointтемперату́ра ко́вки — forging temperatureко́мнатная температу́ра — room [indoor] temperatureтемперату́ра компари́рования — standardization temperatureтемперату́ра конденса́ции — condensation pointконе́чная температу́ра — final temperatureтемперату́ра конца́ кипе́ния — final boiling pointтемперату́ра кра́сного кале́ния — red heatтемперату́ра кра́шения — dyeing temperatureкриоге́нная температу́ра — cryogenic temperatureтемперату́ра кристаллиза́ции — solidification temperatureкрити́ческая температу́ра — critical temperature, critical pointтемперату́ра крити́ческого перехо́да — characteristic transition temperatureтемперату́ра Кюри́ — Curie temperatureлета́льная температу́ра — lethal temperatureтемперату́ра ли́квидуса — liquidus temperatureтемперату́ра льдообразова́ния — ice formation pointмеждунаро́дная практическа́я температу́ра Ке́львина — Kelvin temperatureмеждунаро́дная практи́ческая температу́ра Це́льсия — Celsius temperatureми́нусовая температу́ра — subzero temperatureтемперату́ра на вхо́де — intake [inlet] temperatureтемперату́ра на вы́ходе — outlet temperatureтемперату́ра нагре́ва ( под термообработку) — reheat temperatureтемперату́ра насыще́ния — saturation temperatureтемперату́ра нача́ла кипе́ния — initial boiling [bubble] pointнача́льная температу́ра — initial temperatureнеустанови́вшаяся температу́ра — transient temperatureтемперату́ра ни́же нуля́ — subzero temperatureтемперату́ра ни́же то́чки замерза́ния — subfreezing temperatureнулева́я температу́ра — zero temperatureтемперату́ра ожиже́ния — liquefaction temperatureтемперату́ра окружа́ющей среды́ — ambient temperatureтемперату́ра отвержде́ния — hardening temperatureтемперату́ра о́тжига — annealing temperatureтемперату́ра о́тпуска — tempering temperatureтемперату́ра па́йки — soldering temperatureтемперату́ра парообразова́ния — vaporization temperatureтемперату́ра перегре́ва — superheat temperatureтемперату́ра перехо́да — transition temperatureтемперату́ра плавле́ния — melting pointплюсова́я температу́ра — above-zero temperatureпове́рхностная температу́ра — (sur)face temperatureтемперату́ра пове́рхностного тре́ния — skin-friction temperatureтемперату́ра по вла́жному термо́метру — wet-bulb [moist-bulb] temperatureповы́шенная температу́ра — elevated temperatureтемперату́ра полимериза́ции — polymerization temperatureтемперату́ра по́лного торможе́ния пото́ка — total [stagnation] temperatureтемперату́ра по мо́крому термо́метру — wet-bulb [moist-bulb] temperatureтемперату́ра помутне́ния — cloud temperature, cloud pointпостоя́нная температу́ра — constant [fixed] temperatureтемперату́ра по сухо́му термо́метру — dry-bulb temperatureпотенциа́льная температу́ра — potential temperatureпреде́льная температу́ра — limiting [ceiling] temperatureтемперату́ра прессова́ния — pressing temperatureприведё́нная температу́ра — reduced temperatureприземна́я температу́ра — ground temperatureтемперату́ра прока́тки — rolling temperatureпсихометри́ческая температу́ра — wet-butb [moist-bulb] temperatureрабо́чая температу́ра — operating [working] temperatureравнове́сная температу́ра — equilibrium temperatureрадиацио́нная температу́ра — radiation temperatureтемперату́ра радиоизлуче́ния — radio temperatureтемперату́ра разли́вки метал. — casting [pouring] temperatureтемперату́ра размягче́ния — softening temperatureтемперату́ра реа́кции — reaction temperatureтемперату́ра рекристаллиза́ции — recrystallization temperatureтемперату́ра са́дки метал. — charging temperatureтемперату́ра самовоспламене́ния — autoignition [spontaneous ignition] temperatureтемперату́ра сва́рки — welding heatтемперату́ра свё́ртывания — coagulation [curdling] temperatureтемперату́ра сгора́ния ( в сечении сопла) ракет. — combustion temperatureтемперату́ра сгуще́ния — stock pointтемперату́ра сжиже́ния — liquefaction temperatureтемперату́ра спека́ния — sintering temperatureстанда́ртная температу́ра — standard temperatureстатисти́ческая температу́ра — statistic(al) temperatureстати́ческая температу́ра — static temperatureтемперату́ра стеклова́ния ( полимеров) — glass transition temperatureсумма́рная температу́ра — total temperatureтемперату́ра схва́тывания — setting temperatureтемперату́ра та́яния — melting pointтемперату́ра теку́чести — flow temperature, flow pointтермодинами́ческая температу́ра — thermodynamic temperatureтемперату́ра торможе́ния — stagnation temperatureто́чечная температу́ра — point [spot] temperatureтемперату́ра упоря́дочения — order-disorder transition temperatureустанови́вшаяся температу́ра — steady-state temperatureтемперату́ра фа́кела — flame temperatureтемперату́ра фо́на — background temperatureтемперату́ра формова́ния — moulding temperatureтемперату́ра футеро́вки метал. — lining temperatureхаракте́рная температу́ра — representative temperatureтемперату́ра хране́ния — storage temperatureтемперату́ра хру́пкости — brittle(ness) temperatureцветова́я температу́ра — colour temperatureшумова́я температу́ра — noise temperatureэвтекти́ческая температу́ра — eutectic temperatureэвтекто́идная температу́ра — eutectoid temperatureэквивале́нтная температу́ра — equivalent temperatureэлектро́нная температу́ра — electron temperatureэнергети́ческая температу́ра — total radiation temperatureэффекти́вная температу́ра — effective temperatureя́дерная температу́ра — nuclear temperatureтемперату́ра я́дерного си́нтеза — fusion [thermonuclear] temperatureя́ркостная температу́ра — brightness [luminance] temperature -
26 ключ
1. м. брит. амер. spanner; wrench2. м. эл. switchручной переключатель; ручной ключ — manual switch
3. м. элк. gate4. м. свз. key5. м. alignment pin6. м. springсвечной ключ — spark-plug spanner; spark-plug wrench
умение хорошо работать телеграфным ключом приходит с практикой — good sending is a matter of practice
Синонимический ряд:источник (сущ.) источник; криница; криницу; родник -
27 стабилизатор
horizontal stabilizer (stab)
часть горизонтального оперения самолета, предназначенная (совместно с рулями высоты) для обеспечения продольной устойчивости и управляемости самолета (рис. 13). — the horizontal airfoil of the airplane tail section used for airplane longitudinal stability, to which the elevator is attached.
- (управляемое горизонтальное оперение) — trimming tailplane
-, вертикальный (киль) — vertical stabilizer
неподвижная часть вертикального оперения, предназначенная для путевой устойчивости самолета (рис. 13). — the vertical airfoil used for airplane directional stability, to which the rudder is attached.
-"включен" (табло) — stab arm(ed)
система управления стабилизатором находится в состоянии готовности к работе.
-, горизонтальный — horizontal stabilizer
- кессонной конструкции — torsion box stabilizer
-, курсовой (автопилота) — directional gyro
-, левый (левая консоль) — left horizontal stabilizer
-, моноблочный — stressed-skin horizontal stabilizer
- напряжения (эл.) — voltage regulator
-, неразъемный — one-piece horizontal stabilizer
-, неуправляемый (непереставной) — fixed stabilizer
-, переставной — adjustable /trimming/ horizontal stabilizer /tailplane/
стабилизатор, управляемый в полете для продольной балансировки самолета, с углом отклонения 0.5 град. вверх (на пикирование) и 10 град. вниз (на кабрирование). — the horizontal stabilizer is adjustable to provide longitudinal trim through a range of 0.5 degrees up (nose down) and 10 degrees down (nose up).
-, переставной (управляемый автоматом перестановки) — trimming stabilizer /tailplane/
- пламени (в жаровой трубе) — flame stabilizer /holder/
-, правый (правая консоль) — right horizontal stabilizer
-, продольно-поперечный (автопилота) — vertical (flight) gyro
- регулятора топлива — fuel flow stabilizer
-"резервное управление" (переключатель) — stabilizer standby control
- тока — current regulator
для стабилизации тока нагрузки генератора или др. источника питания. — то maintain output current of а generator or other voltage source.
-, управляемый — adjustable horizontal stabilizer
-, цельнопереставной — all-moving tailplane
управление стабилизатором (надпись) — stab trim
установка с. во взлетное положение — stabilizer setting for takeoff
переставлять с. — trim stabilizer /tailplane/Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > стабилизатор
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28 снимающий винт с упора полетного малого шага
Авиация и космонавтика. Русско-английский словарь > снимающий винт с упора полетного малого шага
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29 снявший воздушный винт с упора полетного малого шага
Авиация и космонавтика. Русско-английский словарь > снявший воздушный винт с упора полетного малого шага
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30 ставить воздушный винт на упор малого полетного шага
1. latch the propeller flight low-pitch stop2. latching propeller flight low-pitch stopАвиация и космонавтика. Русско-английский словарь > ставить воздушный винт на упор малого полетного шага
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