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  • 101 Dore (Dorr), Samuel Griswold

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. USA
    d. 1794 England
    [br]
    American inventor of the first rotary shearing machine.
    [br]
    To give a smooth surface to cloth such as the old English broadcloth, the nap was raised and then sheared off. Hand-operated shears of enormous size cut the fibres standing proud of the surface while the cloth was laid over a curved table top. Great skill was required to achieve a smooth finish. Various attempts, such as that in 1784 by James Harmer, a clergyman of Sheffield, were made to mechanize the process by placing several pairs of shears in a frame and operating them by cranks, but these were not successful. The first version of a rotary machine was made by Samuel Griswold Dore (sometimes spelt Dorr), an American from Albany, New York. His first frame, patented in 1792 in America, consisted of a wheel of twelve "spring knives" that were fixed like spokes and set at an angle of about 45° to the horizontal. Under this wheel, and on the same axle, rode a second one, carrying four "tangent knives" that lay almost flat upon the cloth. As the two wheels rotated above the cloth's surface, they acted in "the manner of shears". The principle used in Dore's machine is certainly different from that in the later, successful machine of John Lewis. The machine was thought to be too complicated and expensive for American woollen manufacturers and was much better suited to circumstances in the English industry, Dore therefore moved to England. However, in his British patent in 1793, he introduced a different design, which was more like that on which both Lewis's machine and the lawnmower were based, with knives set across the periphery of a hollow cylinder or barrel. Little more was heard of his machine in Britain, possibly because of Dore's death, which is mentioned in his patent of 1794, although it was used in America and France. Dore's son and others improved the machine in America and brought new specifications to England in 1811, when several patents were taken out.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1792. US patent (rotary shearing machine).
    1793. British patent no. 1,945 (rotary shearing machine). 1794. British patent no. 1,985.
    Further Reading
    D.J.Jeremy, 1981, Transatlantic Industrial Revolution. The Diffusion of Textile Technologies Between Britain and America, 1790–1830s, Oxford (examines Dore's inventions and their transfer to Britain).
    Mention of Dore can be found in: J. de L.Mann, 1971, The Cloth Industry in the West of England from 1660 to 1880, Oxford; K.G.Ponting, 1971, The Woollen Industry of South-West England, Bath.
    C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol. IV, Oxford: Clarendon Press (discusses Dore's inventions).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Dore (Dorr), Samuel Griswold

  • 102 حامل

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top. \ حَامِل \ pregnant: (of a woman or female animal) expecting to give birth. \ See Also حبلى (حُبْلَى)‏ \ حَامِل أَسْهُم \ shareholder: sb. who owns shares in a company. \ حَامِل شهادة الماجستير \ master: sb. holding a university degree higher than a bachelor.

    Arabic-English dictionary > حامل

  • 103 شمسية

    شَمْسِيَّة \ sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand.

    Arabic-English dictionary > شمسية

  • 104 مظلة

    مِظَلَّة \ awning: a covering like a tent, over a doorway or window, etc., to keep off the sun. sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun; a piece of material (above a window, above one’s eyes, etc.) that provides shade. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand. \ مِظَلَّة (المِصْباح)‏ \ shade: sth. that gives protection from a bright light: a lampshade. \ See Also كمة (كُمَّة)‏ \ مِظَلَّة للهُبوط (براشوت)‏ \ parachute: a device that slows the fall of a person (or of supplies) from an aircraft. \ مِظَلَّة المصباح \ lampshade: a cover for a lamp, to soften or direct its light.

    Arabic-English dictionary > مظلة

  • 105 awning

    مِظَلَّة \ awning: a covering like a tent, over a doorway or window, etc., to keep off the sun. sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun; a piece of material (above a window, above one’s eyes, etc.) that provides shade. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand.

    Arabic-English glossary > awning

  • 106 sunshade

    مِظَلَّة \ awning: a covering like a tent, over a doorway or window, etc., to keep off the sun. sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun; a piece of material (above a window, above one’s eyes, etc.) that provides shade. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand.

    Arabic-English glossary > sunshade

  • 107 umbrella

    مِظَلَّة \ awning: a covering like a tent, over a doorway or window, etc., to keep off the sun. sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun; a piece of material (above a window, above one’s eyes, etc.) that provides shade. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand.

    Arabic-English glossary > umbrella

  • 108 carrier

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top.

    Arabic-English glossary > carrier

  • 109 easel

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top.

    Arabic-English glossary > easel

  • 110 holder

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top.

    Arabic-English glossary > holder

  • 111 rack

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top.

    Arabic-English glossary > rack

  • 112 stand

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top.

    Arabic-English glossary > stand

  • 113 trestle

    حَامِل \ carrier: sth. fixed to a vehicle to carry a load. easel: a wooden frame on which a blackboard or painting can stand. holder: sb. or sth. that holds: a shareholder in a company; a cigarette holder. rack: a frame (of many kinds) on which things may be placed or hung: a plate rack in the kitchen; a hat rack in the hall. stand: sth. on which an object rests; a support: a silver cup on a wooden stand. trestle: a movable wooden support for a table top.

    Arabic-English glossary > trestle

  • 114 sunshade

    شَمْسِيَّة \ sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand.

    Arabic-English glossary > sunshade

  • 115 umbrella

    شَمْسِيَّة \ sunshade: a metal folding frame covered with ornamental cloth, and supported on a long handle fixed to the ground or carried as a protection against the sun. umbrella: a personal shelter (from rain or sun); it is made of cloth on a wire frame, which can be folded round a central stick that is carried in the hand.

    Arabic-English glossary > umbrella

  • 116 geçirilmek

    "1. to be passed. 2. /dan/ to be passed through. 3. /dan/ to be passed over. 4. /a/ to be carried over to, be moved over to; to be transported to, be conveyed to (a place). 5. /a/ to be recorded on/in, be entered in/on, be registered in, be written down on/in. 6. /a/ (for glass) to be put, fit, fixed, or inserted into (a frame). 7. /a/ (for a cover, a case) to be inserted into (a frame). 7. /a/ (for a cover, a case) to be put or slipped on/over. 8. /a/ (for a ring) to be put or slipped on. 9. (for someone) to be seen off. 10. /a/ (for someone) to be accompanied to (a place). 11. /da/ (for a period of time) to be passed or spent at/in. 12. /dan/ to be subjected to, be inflicted with. 13. /a/ (for a disease) to be transmitted to (someone, an animal), be spread to (someone, an animal). 14. /la/ (for a period of time) to be spent on/in/by (doing something)."

    Saja Türkçe - İngilizce Sözlük > geçirilmek

  • 117 открытая стойка

    1. rасkmount
    2. rack
    3. open rack
    4. open frame

     

    открытая стойка
    -
    [Интент]

    стойка
    Стандартизованная стойка для размещения оборудования. Наибольшее распространение получила стойка шириной 19 дюймов
    [ http://www.radistr.ru/misc/document423.phtml]
    стойка
    Конструктив, служащий для установки в него компьютерного и/или сетевого оборудования.
    [ http://www.outsourcing.ru/content/glossary/A/page-1.asp]
    стойка
     Конструкция, предназначенная для удобного, компактного, технологичного и безопасного крепления телекоммуникационного оборудования — серверов, маршрутизаторов, модемов, телефонных станций. Открытые монтажные телекоммуникационные стойки являются альтернативой монтажным шкафам.
    Монтажные стойки существуют в 3-х видах: однорамные, двухрамные (конструкция стоек позволяет устанавливать тяжелое оборудование на четырёхточечную фиксацию, что повышает их устойчивость и степень нагрузки) и серверные (специально разработанные для установки в них серверного оборудования); их отличительной особенностью являются повышенная жесткость и прочность конструкции, оптимальный вес, возможность установки дополнительных компонентов.
    [ http://www.dtln.ru/slovar-terminov]

    EN

    rack
    free-standing or fixed structure for housing electrical and electronic equipment
    [IEV number 581-25-03]

    FR

    bâti
    structure auto-stable ou fixe prévue pour contenir le matériel électrique et électronique
    [IEV number 581-25-03]

    4942

    1 - Открытая 4-опорная стойка;
    2 - Шкаф

    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

    DE

    • Gestell, n

    FR

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > открытая стойка

  • 118 неподвижный

    1) General subject: at rest, breathless (о воздухе, воде и т. п.), comatose, dead, firm as a vice, fixed, fixedly, flat footed, immobile, immovable, jointless, motionless, moveless, quiescent, rigid, set (о взгляде, улыбке), sit fast, sluggish, slumberous, slumbrous, stabile, standing, static, stationary, steadfast, still, still-house, stirless, stock-still, stockstill, stony, streamless (о воде), tranquil, unmoved, non-motile
    2) Geology: rigid (ледник), stagnant
    3) Biology: nonmotile
    4) Naval: permanent
    5) Medicine: akinetic
    7) Engineering: quiet, stagnant (о воздухе), inactive
    8) Bookish: immotile
    9) Rare: sit-fast
    10) Construction: fix
    11) Economy: changeless
    12) Automobile industry: fast, non-rotatable
    13) Telecommunications: nonmovable
    14) Sociology: incapable of moving
    15) Automation: positive, solid
    16) Aviation medicine: numb
    17) Makarov: calm, dead (о текущей среде), fixed point, nonmobile, nonmotile (о стадии в жизненном цикле, напр. кокколитофорид)
    18) General subject: statical

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > неподвижный

  • 119 срок

    1) General subject: amount of time (напр., reasonable amount of time (приемлемый срок)), date, deadline, duration, life (службы машины), maturity (погашения ценной бумаги наличными деньгами; срок кредита), period, space, spell, term, terms, time, milestones, time period
    3) Engineering: deadline (исполнения работы), fixed period
    4) Mathematics: fixed time
    5) Law: date of maturity (напр. векселя), day, length, limited time, maturity date (напр. векселя), run, tenor (векселя, депозита), time limit, timeframe
    9) Diplomatic term: lifespan (службы)
    10) Telecommunications: span (службы)
    12) Information technology: schedule
    13) Astronautics: due date
    14) Advertising: hour, timing
    15) Taxes: term ( time)
    17) leg.N.P. last date, limit, limitation, period of time
    18) Makarov: date (дата), period (период), term (период), time (период), time interval (период)
    19) SAP.tech. timeline

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > срок

  • 120 мост

    bridge, axle авто, mobile gantry, ( печи) bridge wall
    * * *
    мост м.
    1. стр. bridge
    наводи́ть (вре́менный) мост — launch [put up, put on] a bridge
    постро́ить мост че́рез, напр. ре́ку — bridge [span], e. g., a river
    свё́ртывать (вре́менный) мост — delaunch a bridge
    2. авто axle
    автодоро́жный мост — motor-road bridge
    мост автомоби́ля, веду́щий — drive axle
    мост автомоби́ля, веду́щий двухскоростно́й мост — two-speed [double-reduction, dual ratio] (drive) axle
    мост автомоби́ля, веду́щий, с повыша́ющей переда́чей — overdrive axle
    мост автомоби́ля, веду́щий, с полуося́ми, разгру́женными на три че́тверти — three-quarter floating (drive) axle
    мост автомоби́ля, веду́щий, с разгру́женными полуося́ми — floating (drive) axle
    мост автомоби́ля, за́дний — back [rear] axle
    мост автомоби́ля, пере́дний — front axle
    мост автомоби́ля, промежу́точный — intermediate axle
    мост автомоби́ля, управля́емый — guiding [leading, steering] axle
    мост а́нкерного колеса́ час. — escape wheel bridge
    мост а́нкерной ви́лки час. — pallet cock
    а́рочный мост — arch bridge
    бала́нсовый мост час. — balance cock
    ба́лочно-консо́льный мост — cantilever beam bridge
    ба́лочный мост — beam bridge
    ба́лочный мост с неразрезны́ми ба́лками — continuous bridge
    ба́лочный мост с разрезны́ми ба́лками — plate-girder bridge
    вентиляцио́нный, капита́льный мост горн. — permanent air crossing
    вентиляцио́нный, участко́вый мост горн. — district air crossing
    вися́чий мост — suspension bridge
    вися́чий, ка́бельный мост — cable suspension bridge
    вися́чий, цепно́й мост — chain suspension bridge
    возду́шный мост горн. — air crossing, air bridge
    вре́менный мост — temporary bridge
    городско́й мост — town [city] bridge
    двукры́лый мост — double-leaf bridge
    двухъя́русный мост — double-deck bridge
    железнодоро́жный мост — railway bridge
    железобето́нный мост — reinforced concrete bridge
    железобето́нный, моноли́тный мост — cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bridge
    железобето́нный, сбо́рный мост — prefabricated reinforced concrete bridge
    измери́тельный мост эл. — (electrical) bridge
    бала́нс измери́тельного моста́ нару́шен — the bridge is off-balance
    вы́звать разбала́нс измери́тельного моста́ — disturb [upset] the balance of a bridge
    измери́тельный мост нахо́дится в состоя́нии равнове́сия — the bridge is at balance
    измери́тельный мост сбаланси́рован — the bridge is at balance
    приводи́ть измери́тельный мост в состоя́ние равнове́сия — balance a bridge
    уравнове́шивать измери́тельный мост — balance a bridge
    измери́тельный, автомати́ческий мост — automatic [self-balancing] bridge
    измери́тельный, безреохо́рдный мост — fixed-resistance bridge
    измери́тельный мост Ви́на — Wien bridge
    измери́тельный, двойно́й мост — double [Kelvin] bridge
    измери́тельный, дека́дный мост — decade bridge
    измери́тельный, дифференциа́льный мост — differential bridge
    измери́тельный мост для измере́ния крутизны́ — transconductance bridge
    измери́тельный, ё́мкостный мост — capacitance bridge
    измери́тельный мост индукти́вностей — inductance bridge
    измери́тельный, квазиуравнове́шенный мост — semi-balanced bridge
    измери́тельный, магази́нный мост — box-type bridge
    измери́тельный мост магни́тной проница́емости — permeability bridge
    измери́тельный, магни́тный мост — magnetic bridge
    измери́тельный, магни́тный мост Ю́инга — Ewing permeability balance
    измери́тельный, многопле́чий мост — multiple-arm bridge
    измери́тельный, нелине́йный мост — non-linear bridge
    измери́тельный, неуравнове́шенный мост — unbalanced [deflection] bridge
    измери́тельный мост переме́нного то́ка — alternating current [a.c.] bridge
    измери́тельный мост по́лного сопротивле́ния — impedance bridge
    измери́тельный мост проводи́мостей — conductance bridge
    измери́тельный, проце́нтный мост — limit bridge
    измери́тельный, равнопле́чий мост — equal-arm bridge
    измери́тельный, резона́нсный мост — resonance bridge
    измери́тельный, реохо́рдный мост — slidewire bridge
    измери́тельный мост сопротивле́ний — resistance bridge
    измери́тельный мост со следя́щей систе́мой — servo-controlled bridge
    измери́тельный мост То́мсона — double bridge
    измери́тельный мост Уи́тстона — Wheatstone bridge
    измери́тельный, уравнове́шенный мост — balanced [null-type] bridge
    измери́тельный мост Ше́ринга — Schering bridge
    мост из станда́ртных элеме́нтов — unit construction bridge
    мост из тру́бчатых элеме́нтов — tubular bridge
    ка́менный мост — stone bridge
    колошнико́вый мост ( доменной печи) — top trestle
    консо́льный мост — cantilever bridge
    косо́й мост — skew [oblique] bridge
    малопролё́тный мост — snort-span bridge
    многопролё́тный мост — multiple-span bridge
    наплавно́й мост — floating [boat] bridge
    мост напо́льной зава́лочной маши́ны — bottom truck
    мост на ра́мных опо́рах — trestle bridge
    мост на сва́йных опо́рах — pile bridge
    неразводно́й мост — fixed bridge
    однокры́лый мост — single-leaf bridge
    однопролё́тный мост — single-span bridge
    отва́льный мост — dumping [conveyer] bridge
    отка́тный мост — traversing [rolling] bridge
    перегру́зочный мост ( доменной печи) — transfer trestle
    пешехо́дный мост — pedestrian overpass
    поворо́тный мост — swing bridge
    подъё́мно-отка́тный мост — rolling lift bridge
    подъё́мный мост — vertical-lift bridge
    понто́нный мост — pontoon bridge
    разводно́й мост — drawbridge, movable bridge
    ра́мный мост — frame [framed-truss] bridge
    раскрыва́ющийся мост — bascule bridge
    сва́йный мост — pile bridge
    мост с ездо́й по́верху — deck [top-road] bridge
    мост с ездо́й по́низу — bottom-road bridge
    мост с ездо́й посереди́не — (half-)through bridge
    ски́повый мост — skip bridge
    совмещё́нный мост — combined bridge
    сталежелезобето́нный мост — steel-reinforced concrete bridge
    станцио́нный пита́ющий мост свз. — battery supply [transmission] bridge, battery supply circuit, battery supply feed
    терми́сторный мост — thermistor bridge
    тра́нспортно-отва́льный мост горн. — transport and dumping [overburden] bridge
    цельносварно́й мост — all-welded bridge
    ши́нный мост эл. — busbar bridge
    щелево́й мост элк. — (slot) bridge hybrid, hybrid junction
    щелево́й, свё́рнутый мост элк. — folded bridge hybrid
    * * *

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > мост

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  • frame of reference — n. 1. Math. the fixed points, lines, or planes from which coordinates are measured 2. the set of ideas, facts, or circumstances within which something exists …   English World dictionary

  • Fixed-gear bicycle — A fixed gear bicycle or fixed wheel bicycle, is a bicycle without the ability to coast. The sprocket is screwed directly on to the hub and there is no freewheel mechanism. A reverse thread lockring is usually fitted to prevent the sprocket from… …   Wikipedia

  • Frame (telecommunications) — In computer networking, a frame is a data packet of fixed or variable length which has been encoded by a data link layer communications protocol for digital transmission over a node to node link. Each frame consists of a header frame… …   Wikipedia

  • Frame relay — In the context of computer networking, frame relay consists of an efficient data transmission technique used to send digital information. It is a message forwarding relay race like system in which data packets, called frames, are passed from one… …   Wikipedia

  • Frame — A frame is a structural system that supports other components of a physical construction. Frame may also refer to:Engineering construction* Framing (construction), a building term known as light frame construction * Frame (vehicle), to which… …   Wikipedia

  • Frame check sequence — A frame check sequence (FCS) refers to the extra checksum characters added to a frame in a communication protocol for error detection and correction. Frames are used to send upper layer data and ultimately the user application data from a source… …   Wikipedia

  • Fixed cut-off — Expansion Ex*pan sion, n. [L. expansio: cf. F. expansion.] 1. The act of expanding or spreading out; the condition of being expanded; dilation; enlargement. [1913 Webster] 2. That which is expanded; expanse; extend surface; as, the expansion of a …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Fixed expansion gear — Expansion Ex*pan sion, n. [L. expansio: cf. F. expansion.] 1. The act of expanding or spreading out; the condition of being expanded; dilation; enlargement. [1913 Webster] 2. That which is expanded; expanse; extend surface; as, the expansion of a …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • fixed-wing aircraft — aeroplane aer *o*plane aeroplane a [ e]r*o*plane , n. [a[ e]ro + plane.] (A[ e]ronautics) 1. A light rigid plane used in a[ e]rial navigation to oppose sudden upward or downward movement in the air, as in gliding machines; specif., such a plane… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Analytic frame — is a detailed sketch or outline of some social phenomenon, representing initial idea of a scientist analyzing this phenomenon. Charles C. Ragin defines it as one of the four building blocks of social research (the other three being ideas (social… …   Wikipedia

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