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1 Minyatur
noun "First-ruler"; Tar-Minyatur "High First-ruler", title of Elros as the first King of Númenor SA:minas, PM:348, SA:tur -
2 esta
2 adj. "first" ESE/ESET; this entry was marked with a query. The word Yestarë q.v. *"Beginning-day" in LotR suggests that Tolkien decided to change the stem in question to *YESE/YESET. We could then read *yesta for esta but later this became a noun beginning rather than an adj. first, PE17:120 and also prefix a y to the other words derived from ESE/ESET essë *yessë, essëa *yessëa. Estanossë noun "the firstborn", read likewise *Yestanossë *Yestanessi? but in a later text, Tolkien used Minnónar q.v. for "the Firstborn" as a name of the Elves, and this form may be preferred. In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word Estanossë is cited as "Estanesse", but according to VT45:12, the second-to-last vowel is actually o in Tolkien's manuscript. -
3 Minyon
noun "First-begotten", attested as a personal masc. name MR:87. Apparently this is minya "first" + the stem ON = beget. -
4 Lindar
noun "Singers" sg. Linda, what the Teleri called themselves WJ:380, MR:349, UT:253, 286. It seems that Lindar is also interpreted "the Beautiful" cf. the common adj. linda "fair, beautiful", but this interpretation apparently belongs primarily to Tolkien's earlier conception, when Lindar was the name of the First Clan, the name of which he revised to Vanyar similarly meaning "the Fair". Adj. Lindarin = Telerin but Tolkien of course held it to be = Vanyarin when the First Clan, the later Vanyar, were still called Lindar before he decided to apply this name to the third clan, the Teleri TĀ/TA3 -
5 Ellairë
alternative name of June PM:135; evidently incorporating lairë "summer"; the el- part is probably an assimilated form of er-, an element meaning one or first, June being the first summer month. -
6 atendëa
noun "double-middle", name of the two enderi or middle-days that occurred in leap-years according to the calendar of Imladris Appendix D, first edition of LotR -
7 men-
4 vb. "go" VT47:11, cf. VT42:30, VT49:23, attested in the aorist menë in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon". In the verb nanwen- return or go/come back, -men- is changed to -wen- following nan- back etymological form cited as nan-men-, PE17:166. In examples from VT49:23, 24, Tolkien used men- in the sense of go as far as: 1st person sg. aorist menin menin coaryanna I arrive at or come/get to his house, endingless aorist menë, present tense ména- is on point of arrival, is just coming to an end, past tense mennë arrived, reached, in this tense usually with locative rather than allative mennen sís I arrived here, perfect eménië has just arrived, future menuva will arrive. All of these examples were first written with the verb as ten- rather than men-, Tolkien then emending the initial consonant. -
8 quárë
also quár noun "fist" SA:celeb, KWAR; in the Etymologies, Tolkien first wrote quár pl. quari, and quár is also found in PM:318 and VT47:8, in the latter case changed from quárë, VT47:22. As usual, the spelling of the Etym forms shows q instead of qu. According to PM:318 and VT47:8, the "chief use of this word was in reference to the tightly closed hand as in using an implement or a craft-tool rather than to the 'fist' as used in punching". -
9 ar
1 conj. "and" ARsup2/sup, SA, FS, Nam, RGEO:67, CO, LR:47, 56, MC:216, VT43:31, VT44:10, 34; see VT47:31 for etymology, cf. also VT49:25, 40. The older form of the conjunction was az PE17:41. Ar is often assimilated to al, as before l, s PE17:41, 71, but in written Quenya ar was usually written in all cases PE17:71. In one case, Tolkien altered the phrase ar larmar and raiments to al larmar; the former may then be seen as representing the spelling, whereas the latter represents the pronunciation PE17:175. More complex schemes of assimilation are suggested to have existed in Old Quenya, the conjunction varying between ar, a and as depending on the following consonant PE17:41, 71. An alternative longer form of the conjunction, arë, is said to occur "occasionally in Tolkien's later writings" VT43:31, cf. VT48:14. In the Etymologies, the word for "and" was first written as ara VT45:6. In one source, Tolkien notes that Quenya used ar as preposition beside, next, or as adverb = and PE17:145; compare ara. 2 noun "day" PE17:148, apparently short for árë,occurring in the names of the Valinorean week listed below. Tolkien indicated that ar in these names could also be arë when the following element begins in a consonant VT45:27. Usually the word for "day" in LotR-style Quenya is rather aurë or ré, q.v. -
10 tárë
adv.? "in that day", not translated in its first occurrence in Fíriel's Song -
11 meren(merend-)
, merendë noun "feast, festival" MBER; Tolkien first gave the stem-form of meren as mern- before emending it to merend-, VT45:33-34 -
12 Anar
noun "Sun" ANÁR, NARsup1/sup, SA:nár; UT:22 cf. 51; anar "a sun" Markirya; Anarinya "my Sun" FS. See also ceuranar, Úr-anar. According to VT45:6, Tolkien in the Etymologies mentioned anar "sun" as the name of the short vowel carrier of the Tengwar writing system; it would be the first letter if anar is written in Quenya mode Tengwar. Compounded in the masc. name Anárion *"Sun-son" Isildur's brother, also the Númenorean king Tar-Anárion, UT:210; also in Anardil *"Sun-friend" Appendix A, a name also occurring in the form Anardilya with a suffix of endearment UT:174, 418. Anarya noun second day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to the Sun Appendix D. Anarríma name of a constellation: *"Sun-border"??? Silm; cf. ríma -
13 nácë
k interjection? it is may be seeming sic VT49:28 Patrick Wynne believes the unclear gloss is best understood as elliptical: i.e. as representing it is or may be seeming, probably indicating a qualified or hesitant yes. VT49:29 As first written, the gloss was not as it is or may be seeming ibid. -
14 tildë
noun "spike, horn" TIL; in the Etymologies as printed in LR, the first gloss is quoted as "point", but according to VT46:19, the proper reading is "spike" -
15 mahta-
1 vb. "wield a weapon, fight" MAK, "to handle, wield, manage" VT39:11, VT47:18, also "deal with" VT47:6, 19, VT49:10. Past tense mahtanë is attested VT49:10. In an earlier version of the entry MAK in the Etymologies, Tolkien first glossed mahta- as "slay or kill with sword", then changed it to "fight with sword" VT45:30-32 2 vb."trade", changed by Tolkien to manca-, q.v. VT45:33 -
16 Minnónar
pl. noun "First-born", Elves as contrasted to Apanónar, the After-born, Men. Sg. \#MinnónaWJ:403 -
17 sundóma(þ)
noun *"base-vowel" sundo + óma, the determinant vowel of a "base" or rootChristopher Tolkien gives the example KAT, which stem has the sundóma A; the stem TALAT has the sundóma repeated; in derivative forms the sundóma might be placed before the first consonant; e.g. ATALAT WJ:319 -
18 ná
1 vb. "is" am. Nam, RGEO:67. This is the copula used to join adjectives, nouns or pronouns in statements or wishes asserting or desiring a thing to have certain quality, or to be the same as another VT49:28. Also in impersonal constructions: ringa ná it is cold VT49:23. The copula may however be omitted where the meaning is clear without it VT49:9. Ná is also used as an interjection yes or it is so VT49:28. Short na in airë na, " is holy" VT43:14; some subject can evidently be inserted in the place of. Short na also functions as imperative: alcar mi tarmenel una/u Erun "glory in high heaven ube/u to God" VT44:32/34, also na airë "be holy" VT43:14; also cf. nai be it that see nai \#1. The imperative participle á may be prefixed á na, PE17:58. However, VT49:28 cites ná as the imperative form. Pl. nar or nár are" PE15:36, VT49:27, 9, 30; dual nát VT49:30. With pronominal endings: nányë/nanyë I am, nalyë or natyë you sg. are polite and familiar, respectively, nás it is, násë she is, nalmë we are VT49:27, 30. Some forms listed in VT49:27 are perhaps to be taken as representing the aorist: nain, naityë, nailyë 1st person sg, and 2nd person familiar/polite, respectively; does a followingna represent the aorist with no pronominal ending? However, the forms nanyë, nalyë, ná, nassë, nalme, nar changed from nár are elsewhere said to be aorist, without the extra vowel i e.g. nalyë rather than nailyë; also notice that *she is is here nassë rather than násë VT49:30.Pa.t. nánë or né was, pl. náner/nér and dual nét were VT49:6, 9, 10, 27, 28, 30, 36. According to VT49:31, né was cannot receive pronominal endings though nésë he was is attested elsewhere, VT49:28-29, and such endings are rather added to the form ane-, e.g. anen I was, anel you were, anes she/it was VT49:28-29. Future tense nauva "will be" VT42:34, VT49:19, 27; another version however gives the future tense as uva, VT49:30. Nauva with a pronominal ending occurs in tanomë nauvan I will be there VT49:19, this example indicating that forms of the verb ná may also be used to indicate position. Perfect anaië has been VT49:27, first written as anáyë. Infinitive or gerund návë being, PE17:68. See also nai \#1. 2, also nán, conj. "but, on the contrary, on the other hand" NDAN; the form nan, q.v., is probably to be preferred to avoid confusion with ná "is", *nán "I am". -
19 indo
1 noun heart, mood ID, state perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses VT39:23, mind, region/range of thought, mood PE17:155, 179, inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or ?personality PE17:189. In another post-LotR source, indo is translated resolve or will, the state of mind leading directly to action VT41:13. Indo is thus the mind in its purposing faculty, the will VT41:17. Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated my heart see ninya. In the compound indemma mind-picture, the first element would seem to be indo. 2 noun house LT2:343, probably obsoleted by \#1 above in Tolkiens later Quenya, the word for house appears as coa. -
20 Minyarussa
noun "First-russa", masc. name VT41:10
См. также в других словарях:
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