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121 rogue state
•• rogue, rogue state
•• Rogue 1. a criminally dishonest person. 2. a playfully mischievous person (The Random House Dictionary).
•• Даже самые современные словари ограничиваются в описании этого слова такими значениями, как жулик, мошенник, негодяй, проказник, плюс несколько технических значений. Приводится также словосочетание rogue elephant (слон-отшельник), а также довольно известный полицейский термин rogue’s gallery (архив фотографий преступников). А теперь несколько примеров актуального употребления этого слова. Газета International Herald Tribune цитирует высказывание премьер-министра Малайзии: We still believe there are sincere investors out there. But there are still quite a few rogues who can cause an avalanche forcing others to run for cover. Американские дипломаты нередко называют такие страны, как Ливия, Ирак, Иран, rogue states. Думаю, что ни в первом, ни особенно во втором случае слова мошенник или негодяй не подойдут. Тем более в следующем примере из статьи бывшего прокурора Трибунала ООН по военным преступлениям: The likelihood that a rogue prosecutor would be appointed, let alone the idea that a diverse panel of independent judges would permit the indictment of anyone for political motives, is negligible. Что такое rogue prosecutor? В статье вполне достаточно подсказок. США, пишет автор, опасаются, что its soldiers might one day face frivolous prosecutions by the permanent international court (т.е. что американские военнослужащие будут подвергнуты необоснованному судебному преследованию). Но, пишет он далее, the careful procedures and demanding qualification for the selection of the prosecutor and judges... serve as an effective check against irresponsible behavior. Именно в слове irresponsible и содержится разгадка. Итак, a rogue prosecutor это безответственный прокурор (способный без достаточных оснований возбудить судебное дело). Соответственно a rogue state – «безответственное» государство, государство, не признающее международных норм, государство-изгой. Я встречал также в русских текстах словосочетание экстремистские государства. А в высказывании премьер-министра Малайзии rogues скорее все-таки безответственные лица, чем негодяи или мошенники.
•• * Когда перевод закрепился в прессе, изменить существующую практику фактически невозможно. Едва ли не все предлагавшиеся варианты соответствий rogue states – экстремистские/ безответственные/ опасные и даже опальные государства – лучше, чем государства-изгои, но ничего уже не поделаешь (в разговоре с французскими коллегами в ООН выяснилось, что им закрепившийся в печати перевод états-voyous тоже не нравится). Но, конечно, слово rogue употребляется не только в этом сочетании. Оно высокочастотно и имеет множество оттенков значений. В этом можно убедиться, заглянув в словари, но и они не передают всего богатства возможных вариантов перевода.
•• Вот цитата из New York Times:
•• At a critical turn in the crisis over the sexual abuse of children by rogue priests, the nation’s Roman Catholic bishops tried to show their commitment to reform last year by naming a review board of prominent laypeople led by former Gov. Frank Keating of Oklahoma.
•• Можно говорить о значении, примерно описываемом так: дискредитировавший себя, запятнавший свою репутацию неподобающим поведением и т.п. Вообще элемент безответственности, незаконности, неправильного поведения – общий в словосочетаниях rogue state и rogue priest. В более широком смысле общим является элемент опасности: rogue elephants опасны для жителей соседних деревень, rogue priests – для семей верующих и для общества в целом, rogue states – для международного сообщества. В приведенной выше фразе возможен, конечно, контекстуальный перевод, основанный на знании ситуации (священники, виновные в развращении несовершеннолетних).
•• В статье Энн Эплбаум в New York Review of Books читаем:
•• A few years ago, a series of bombs went off around Moscow and elsewhere in Russia. President Putin blamed the Chechens <...> Others blamed “ rogue elements” in the Russian security services, and even offered evidence.
•• Здесь rogue elements можно, по-моему, перевести и как преступные элементы, и даже как темные силы, но точнее всего – вышедшие из-под контроля сотрудники спецслужб. Элемент вышедший из-под контроля имплицитно присутствует и в rogue elephant, и в какой-то мере в rogue state. Но вообще-то это довольно близко к пресловутым оборотням в погонах. Конечно, нередко встречающийся в англоязычной печати «перевод» werewolves wearing police epaulets крайне неудачен. Сказочно-мифический персонаж здесь совсем неуместен, да и «погоны» не надо понимать буквально. Police/ security service turncoats (или просто turncoats) вполне приемлемо.
•• Несмотря на установленное «самой жизнью» соответствие rogue policemen или police turncoats и «оборотней в погонах», американские корреспонденты в Москве продолжают настаивать на werewolves. David Filipow (Boston Globe) – he should know better! – пишет:
•• Russians call them “ werewolves in uniform” - police officers who abuse their power to extort and rob the citizens they are supposed to safeguard.
•• Конечно, журналистам хочется добавить немного местного колорита, отсюда Russians call them (что тоже в общем неверно: выражение запущено в оборот бывшим министром Грызловым, оно неприятно напоминает «убийц в белых халатах» и в речи обычных Russians встречается редко).
•• Вообще, надо сказать, атрибутивное rogue – богатейшее слово, причем, как выясняется, англичане любят его не меньше, чем американцы.
•• Все следующие примеры с сайта www.bbc.co.uk:
•• Researchers may have uncovered why the « rogue» prion protein which causes BSE and CJD is such an efficient destroyer of brain cells. Scientists at two US research centres have discovered that the presence of the protein in one particular part of the brain cell is enough to poison it. CJD is the best-known type of disease thought to be caused by “ rogue” prions. These are “ misshapen” versions of a normal cell protein, which stop behaving in the normal way and cannot be disposed of by the cell.
•• Rogue white blood cells may hold the secret to how and why some life-threatening diseases develop, US scientists believe.
•• It could lead to rogue GM crop plants that are harder to control, warns the government agency, which champions wildlife conservation in Britain.
•• Scientists have discovered that a rogue wave pattern helped cause one of the UK’s biggest maritime disasters.
•• The United Nations has warned that about 30% of pesticides marketed in the developing world contain toxic substances which pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. The rogue pesticides contained chemicals either banned or severely restricted elsewhere in the world, or concentrations of chemicals which exceeded international limits.
•• A space mission to knock a potential rogue asteroid off course is undergoing feasibility studies with money from the European Space Agency.
•• Investigators suspect that a rogue scientist may have obtained access to samples of the bacteria.
•• В первых нескольких примерах стержневым для переводчика смысловым элементом является аномальность (клеток крови, белка, генетически модифицированных растений, волн). В случае с астероидом подойдет перевод опасный. Rogue scientist – что-то вроде «преступника в белом халате». А может быть, ученый-оборотень? Языковая мода – оружие огромной силы.
•• Еще примеры. Из статьи Энн Коултер (эта дама – «правее всех правых»):
•• Liberals waged a vicious campaign of vilification against Bork, saying he would bring back segregated lunch counters, government censorship and “rogue police” engaging in midnight raids.
•• Здесь rogue police, конечно, не оборотни в погонах, а скорее полиция, сорвавшаяся с тормозов. А может быть – в этом контексте – просто обнаглевшие полисмены.
•• С сайта BBC:
•• According to CNN political analyst Bill Schneider, the American people, by 2-to-1, think that he [Rumsfeld] should be allowed to stay on the job. It is not because they are not outraged and disgusted by the prisoner abuse scandal but because they believe that these were “rogue acts of criminality.”
•• В данном случае, пожалуй, лучше всего просто преступный произвол. Но можно перевести (слегка «русифицируя») и как преступные действия горстки отщепенцев.
•• Из «Известий»:
•• Главный врач столичной скорой помощи рассказал «Известиям» об «оборотнях» в белых халатах.
•• Напрашивается: rogue doctors/first aid workers.
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122 treaty
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123 секретарь секретар·ь
1) (партии, организации) secretaryисполнительный / ответственный секретарь (в органах ООН) — executive secretary
секретарь Белого дома по вопросам печати (США) — Press Secretary at / for the White House
секретарь, ведущий записи на переговорах — note taker, секретарь кабинета (государственный служащий высокого ранга, Великобритания) Secretary of the Cabinet
2) дип. secretaryпервый секретарь посольства — First Secretary of the Embassy; Chancellor of the Embassy амер.
Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > секретарь секретар·ь
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124 head
[hed]n1) голова, черепSee:The water was over his head. — Вода была ему выше головы.
She has a good head for heights. — Она хорошо переносит высоту.
She has no head for heights. — Она не переносит высоту.
His proud, noble head bowed to nothing. — Он ни перед чем не склонял своей гордой, благородной головы.
I want a covering for the head. — Мне надо что-нибудь, чем покрыть голову.
He felt a sharp pain in his head. — Он почувствовал резкую боль в голове.
It cost him his head. — Это стоило ему головы/жизни.
to be/to sit at the head of the table — сидеть во главе стола/сидеть на почетном месте за столом;
Two heads are better than one. — Одна голова хорошо, а две лучше.
I cannot make head or tail of it. — Ничего не возможно разобрать/понять.
- shaven head- majestic head
- bumpy head
- shaking head
- sore head
- grey head
- elegant head
- egg-shaped head
- irregular head
- heavy head
- curly head
- bristling head
- nodding head
- drooping head
- giddy head
- bruised head
- bloody head head
- bleeding head
- hot head
- hooded head
- feathered head- patient's head- horse's head
- head net
- head phone
- head piece
- sharp pain in the back of one's head
- bandage on the head
- constant buzzing in the head
- blow knock on the head
- nod of the head
- shake of the head
- crown of the head
- sharp pain in smb's head
- head with hair
- head of classical form and beauty
- head from a doll
- head of hair
- good head of hair
- with a heavy head
- with a feeling of dullness in one's head
- with confusion in one's head
- over the heads of others
- from head to foot
- with a bare head
- with an uncovered head
- with a bruise on the head
- aim at smb's head
- balance smth on one's head
- bandage smb's head
- apply a bandage to smb's head
- be taller by a head
- be head over ears in debt
- beat oneself on the head with one's fist
- beat smb's head off
- bend one's head over the book
- bite smb's head off
- hang one's head in confusion
- hang one's head down
- hang one's head on one's chest
- bow one's head in admiration
- bow one's head to the ground
- give one's head for a washing
- brandish a sword over one's head
- bring down a sword over smb's head
- break one's head
- bump one's head against smth
- bump heads together
- bury one's head in one's hands
- bury one's head in the sand
- chuck one's head to avoid the blow
- complain of a throbbing pain in the head
- cover one's head to protect it from the sun
- cradle smb's head in one's breasts
- cross one's hands behind one's head
- cry one's head off
- cut off smb's head
- cut one's head open
- dip one's head into the water
- do smth standing on one's head
- do smth over smb's head
- give orders over smb's head
- give answers over smb's head
- sell a house over smb's head
- draw one's head into one's shoulders
- drop one's head on one's breast
- fall head first
- fall head over heels
- fall on one's head
- feel heavy in the head
- feel one's head
- get a bump on the head
- go about with one's head high in the air
- give one's head for smth, state one's head on smth
- go queer in the head
- have a good head for heights
- have a strong head for drink
- have pain in one's head
- hit one's head on the wall
- hit one's head against smth
- hit smb on the head
- hurt one's head
- hold one's head up
- hold one's head with one's hands
- injure one's head
- keep one's head above ground
- keep jerking one's head
- keep one's head covered
- lay one's head on smb's chest
- lift up one's head
- look smb over from head to foot
- nod one's head
- nod one's head in greeting
- plunge head over heels into the fighting
- pull one's hat down on the head
- pull the blanket over one's head
- put one's head out of the window
- put one's head in a noose
- raise one's head
- rest one's head on the pillow
- scratch one's head
- scream one's head off
- seize one's head in one's hands
- set a price on smb's head
- shake one's head
- shake one's head at smth
- sit with one's head propped on one's hand
- snap smb's head off
- stand on one's head
- stand with bare heads
- stand with one's head down
- stand with averted head
- stand smth on its head
- stick one's head in the door
- stroke smb on the head
- talk smb's head off
- talk one's head off
- throw one's head back
- tip one's head to one side
- toss one's head up
- toss one's head in pride
- toss one's head in dissent
- touch one's head to the ground
- tremble from head to foot
- turn away one's head
- turn one's head towards smb
- walk with one's head high
- wear nothing on one's head
- work one's head off
- wound smb in the head
- head sitting deep between the shoulders
- head covered with a kerchief2) руководитель, глава, начальникI must telephone the head office. — Мне надо позвонить в центр.
- executive head- titular head
- administrative head
- military head
- family head
- union heads
- learned heads
- head teacher
- head gardener
- head nurse
- head surgeon
- head-cook
- head waiter
- head workman
- head electrician
- head office
- head master
- department head
- royal heads of Europe
- head of the delegation
- head of the tribe
- head of the department
- heads of all states
- Head of the Government
- Head of the Army
- head of the expedition
- under a competent head
- be at the head of smth
- put smb at the head of the movement
- be at the head of the whole business
- stand at the head of all nations in matters of art
- be at the head of the epoch
- be at the head of the field
- be at the head of the race
- those at the head of the whole business3) ум, интеллект, умственные способности; (а.) a clear (bright, logical) head светлый (ясный, логичный) умThe problem is over/beuond our heads. — Нам эту проблему не понять.
He talked over our heads. — То, что он говорил, не доходило до/было выше нашего понимания.
He is positively/quite out of his head. — Он определенно выжил из ума.
Such an idea never entered my head. — Такая мысль мне никогда не приходила в голову/на ум.
I can't get that into his head. — Я не могу ему этого растолковать/втолковать.
He made it up out of his own head. — Он все это сам придумал/очинил/выдумал.
(b) a wise head — умница/мудрая голова/умник;
the wiser heads — мудрецы;
a hot head — горячая голова/вспыльчивый человек;
a wooden head — тупица;
a competent head — знающий человек;
to have a good head upon one's shoulders — иметь хорошую голову на плечах/быть умным;
to have an old head on young shoulders — иметь здравый смысл/быть не по годам умудрённым
- steady head- cool head
- level head
- bother one's head about smth
- be over smb's head
- get a swollen head
- be over the heads of the pupils
- come to smb's head
- do smth off the top of one's head
- do calculations in one's head
- fill one's head with trifles
- give smb his head
- have a good head for figures
- have a head for details
- have no head for names
- have a good head for politics
- keep a level head
- keep one's head
- keep one's head shut
- keep smth in one's head
- keep a cool head in emergencies
- lose one's head
- be of one's head
- be off one's head about smb
- have a good head on one's shoulders
- have an old head on young shoulders
- put smth into smb's head
- put ideas into smb's head
- put two heads together
- puzzle one's head about smth
- show much head for business
- take smth into one's head
- turn smb's head with flattery
- trouble one's head about smth
- use one's head
- write out of one's head4) скот, голова скота (единица счёта), поголовье скота; 20 heads of deer двадцать голов оленей- large head of game
- consumption of milk per head of the population5) верхняя главная часть предмета, верх, верхушка, верхняя часть, головная часть, передняя часть, головка, шляпкаWe'll have to knock in the head of the barrel. — Нам придется пробить верх бочки.
heads I win, tails I lose. — Орел - я выигрываю, решка - проигрываю.
Coins often bear the head of a famous ruler. — На монетах нередко высечена голова известного правителя.
- forked head- wooden head
- tape-recorder head
- pit head
- pointed arrow head
- axe head
- missile head
- pin head
- figure head
- crumpled head
- head tide
- head wind
- head lights
- head stone
- head land- head division of a parade- head of the bed
- head of the column
- head of the river
- head of the bay- head of a hammer- head of a rail
- head of a violin
- head of cane
- head of the stairs
- head of the barrel
- head of barley
- head of a rock
- head of a peer
- mountain head overgrown by shrubbery
- nails with a wide head
- bolts with a square head
- axe with a heavy head
- glass of beer with a good head on it
- car with a folding head
- at the head of a page
- at the head of the list
- stand at the head of the bay
- boil is gathering head6) раздел, рубрика, параграф, пункт, заголовокThe story has a double head. — У рассказа двойное название.
He arranged his speech under four main heads. — Он разбил свою речь на четыре основных пункта/раздела.
It may be included under this head. — Это может быть включено в этот параграф/раздел.
It comes/it is kept/it is included under the head of "miscellavous". — Это помещено в параграфе "разное".
To hit the nail on the head. — ◊ Попасть в самую точку. /Попасть не в бровь, а в глаз.
Two heads are better than one. — ◊ Ум хорошо, а два лучше. /Одна голова хорошо, а две лучше.
To toss heads or tails. — ◊ Бросать жребий.
I cannot make head or tail of it. — ◊ Не могу ничего понять/разобрать.
- heads of chapters- document arranged under five heads
- under two colums head
- group the facts under three heads
- remark on this head
- speak on this head
- treat the subject under three main heads•USAGE: -
125 a nation of shopkeepers
"нация лавочников" ( прозвище англичан) [выражение создано А. Смитом; см. цитату]To found a great empire for the sole purpose of raising a people of customers, may at first sight appear a project fit only for a nation of shopkeepers. (A. Smith, ‘The Wealth of Nations’, book IV, ch. VII) — Создание громадной империи с единственной целью обеспечить себе рынок сбыта может с первого взгляда показаться проектом, который могла бы создать "нация лавочников".
They spoke of the English as a nation of shopkeepers and had no doubt in their minds that as artists, men of greatly superior. (W. S. Maugham, ‘The Summing Up’, ch. 65) — Немцы называли англичан нацией лавочников и ни минуты не сомневались в том, что английские художники, ученые и философы в подметки не годятся немецким.
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126 scisco
scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.I.Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—II.Transf.A.Publicists' t. t., of the people, after inquiry or examination, to accept, approve, assent to something proposed; hence, to appoint, enact, decree, ordain, = rem cognitam jubere (cf. sancio):2.nullam illi (majores nostri) vim contionis esse voluerunt: quae scisceret plebes aut quae populus juberet summota contione, distributis partibus... auditis auctoribus, re multos dies promulgatā et cognitā, juberi vetarique voluerunt,
Cic. Fl. 7, 15:illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,
id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.:rogationes plurimas propter vos populus scivit,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23:rogationem Marciam de Liguribus magno consensu plebes scivit jussitque. Ex eo plebiscito, etc.,
Liv. 42, 21 fin.:adeo id gratum plebi fuit ut id modo sciscerent juberentque, ut senatus decerneret, qui Romae regnaret,
id. 1, 17 fin.:ad sciscendum plebi,
id. 6, 35:si Gaditani sciverint nominatim de aliquo cive Romano, ut sit is civis Gaditanus,
Cic. Balb. 11, 27; cf.:qui (Athenienses) sciverunt, ut, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 11, 46.— Pass.:multa perniciose sciscuntur in populis (with sancire),
Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13; cf.:illud stultissimum, existimare omnia justa esse, quae scita sint in populorum institutis aut legibus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 42 (v. also under P. a.).— Poet., with obj.-clause:munera Martis Aequent imperio et solem concedere nocti Sciscant,
Sil. 7, 545.—Transf., in gen. (like decerno), of an individual, to approve, assent to, vote for any thing:B.qui ulteriorem (Galliam decernit), ostendit, eam se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:quod primus scivit legem de publicanis, etc.,
id. Planc. 14, 35. —To learn, ascertain, know:III.ut illi id factum sciscerent,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68: praefestinamus quae sit causa sciscere, quod, etc., Afran. ap. Charis. 2, p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 396 Rib.). —Trop., of nature, to decree, establish:A.confirmat antem illud vel maxime quod ipsa natura, ut ait ille, sciscet et probet,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23.—Hence, scī-tus, a, um, P. a.(Acc. to I.) Mid. (orig., that has informed himself, obtained knowledge, had experience; hence), knowing, shrewd, wise, acute, experienced, skilful, adroit, etc. (of persons; mostly poet.; not in Cic., but cf. 2.; syn.: callidus, versatus): doctu', fidelis... Scitus, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.):b.hominem astutum, doctum, scitum et callidum,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 151:mulier scita atque prudens,
Gell. 13, 4 fin.: scitus agaso, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 330 Müll. (Ann. v. 217 Vahl.):sycophanta,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 8:homo,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:convivator,
a clever, dexterous host, Liv. 35, 49:scitus bellum (venereum) init,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 42:ea mulieris scitae comitas,
Gell. 13, 4, 3.— Comp.:non sum scitior, quae hos rogem, etc.,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 12.— Poet. and in post - Aug. prose with gen.:Nessus scitus vadorum,
acquainted with, Ov. M. 9, 108:Thalia lyrae,
id. F. 5, 54:Sthenelus pugnandi,
Quint. 9, 3, 10 Spald. N. cr. —With obj.-clause ( poet.):scitus accendere corda Laudibus,
Sil. 17, 293:accendere Martem,
id. 15, 594.—Of things, fit, suitable, proper, judicious, sensible, witty, etc.:2.pulcre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57:scito illa quidem (scripsit) sermone et Attico,
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93; cf.interrogationes,
Quint. 5, 7, 28.— Sup.:oratio optima et scitissima,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 30:si quid (dictum) est, quod mihi scitum esse videatur et homini ingenuo dignum atque docto, non aspernor,
Cic. Planc. 14, 35; cf. id. Or. 16, 51:oratoris dictum,
Tac. A. 6, 20.—Esp. in the phrase scitum est, it is a witty or acute saying; shrewd, clever: vetus illud Catonis admodum scitum est, qui mirari se aiebat, quod non rideret haruspex, haruspicem cum vidisset, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51; cf.:scitum est illud Catonis, ut multa: Melius, etc.,
id. Lael. 24, 90;Scytharum legati,
Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:scitum est, inter Protogenem et eum (Apellem) quod accidit,
a clever thing, id. 35, 10, 36, § 81:hoc Scitum est, periculum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 4, 2:scitum est causam conferre in tempus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—Transf., beautiful, elegant, fine, etc. (mostly ante- and post-class.;B.syn.: venustus, bellus): satis scitum filum mulieris,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 15; cf.Iphis,
Petr. 63, 3:mulierculae formae scitioris,
Lampr. Commod. 2 fin. (v. perscitus):vox admodum scita et canora,
Gell. 18, 5, 2:haec nox scita'st exercendo scorto,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 132; cf. scitamenta.—(Acc. to II. A.) Subst.: scītum, i. n., an ordinance, statute, decree; esp. in connection with plebis (plebei, v. plebs), or, in one word, plebiscitum, an ordinance or decree of the people or of the citizens (opp. to senatusconsultum, a decree of the Senate):2.scita plebei appellantur ea, quae plebs suo suffragio sine patribus jussit, plebeio magistratu rogante,
Fest. p. 293 Müll.; cf. Lael. Felix ap. Gell. 15, 27, 4:quo plebiscito decreta a senatu est quaestio, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:quae (lex) postea plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est,
id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:plebiscitis consularem potestatem minuere,
id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 et saep. (v. 2. scitus).—In a lusus verbb. with scitus, A.: Ps. Ecquid is homo scitus est? Ch. Plebiscitum non est scitius, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 58.—In the order scitum plebis:de altero aedile scitum plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis,
Liv. 31, 50 fin.; 10, 22 fin.:scita plebis injuncta patribus,
id. 3, 67; 22, 26;Populi is used instead of plebis when the decrees of other nations are spoken of: cum lex esset Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, ut quisquam coronā donaretur, etc.,
Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:Athenienses quibusdam temporibus sublato Areopago nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant,
id. Rep. 1, 27, 43; so,in one word, populiscitum,
Nep. Alcib. 5, 4; id. Epam. 7, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 2:ut nullum de eā re scitum populi fieret aut litteris mandaretur,
Liv. 45, 25. Tacitus is the first who has populi scita for decrees of the Roman people, Tac. A. 3, 58.—Of Roman popular decrees also simply scita:cum scita ac jussa nostra sua sententia comprobat,
Cic. Balb. 18, 42.—Rarely of other public or official ordinances (cf.:decreta, edicta, jussa): (Numa) omnia publica privataque sacra Pontificis scitis subjecit,
Liv. 1, 20:quo minus ferociter aliorum (decemvirorum) scitis adversarentur,
id. 3, 33; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:regis,
Vulg. Esth. 3, 8.—Transf. (with decretum and placitum) as a transl. of the Gr. dogma, a maxim, tenet, dogma, Sen. Ep. 95, 10.— Adv.: scītē (acc. to A.), shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, nicely, tastefully, elegantly (class.):eho, nimium scite scitus es,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 8; cf.:tondetur nimium scite,
id. Merc. 3, 1, 28:satis scite et probe,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 56; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 69; id. Mil. 4, 2, 74; id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 7; Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1 (with commode):(rationes) ita sunt perscriptae scite et litterate, ut, etc.,
id. Pis. 25, 61; cf.:scite et venuste facta,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:illa ex patellis quae evellerat, ita scite in aureis poculis inligabat, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 4, 24, §54: non scite (dictum),
id. Att. 14, 20, 3; so,dictum,
Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166:scite loqui,
Liv. 10, 19:parum scite convivium exornare,
Sall. J. 85, 39; cf. Liv. 4, 44 fin. — Comp.:scitius,
Gell. 4, 11, 10.— Sup.:scitissime,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 116; Gell. 10, 11, 6; App. M. 9, p. 212, 16. -
127 sciscor
scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.I.Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—II.Transf.A.Publicists' t. t., of the people, after inquiry or examination, to accept, approve, assent to something proposed; hence, to appoint, enact, decree, ordain, = rem cognitam jubere (cf. sancio):2.nullam illi (majores nostri) vim contionis esse voluerunt: quae scisceret plebes aut quae populus juberet summota contione, distributis partibus... auditis auctoribus, re multos dies promulgatā et cognitā, juberi vetarique voluerunt,
Cic. Fl. 7, 15:illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,
id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.:rogationes plurimas propter vos populus scivit,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23:rogationem Marciam de Liguribus magno consensu plebes scivit jussitque. Ex eo plebiscito, etc.,
Liv. 42, 21 fin.:adeo id gratum plebi fuit ut id modo sciscerent juberentque, ut senatus decerneret, qui Romae regnaret,
id. 1, 17 fin.:ad sciscendum plebi,
id. 6, 35:si Gaditani sciverint nominatim de aliquo cive Romano, ut sit is civis Gaditanus,
Cic. Balb. 11, 27; cf.:qui (Athenienses) sciverunt, ut, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 11, 46.— Pass.:multa perniciose sciscuntur in populis (with sancire),
Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13; cf.:illud stultissimum, existimare omnia justa esse, quae scita sint in populorum institutis aut legibus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 42 (v. also under P. a.).— Poet., with obj.-clause:munera Martis Aequent imperio et solem concedere nocti Sciscant,
Sil. 7, 545.—Transf., in gen. (like decerno), of an individual, to approve, assent to, vote for any thing:B.qui ulteriorem (Galliam decernit), ostendit, eam se sciscere legem, quam esse legem neget,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:quod primus scivit legem de publicanis, etc.,
id. Planc. 14, 35. —To learn, ascertain, know:III.ut illi id factum sciscerent,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68: praefestinamus quae sit causa sciscere, quod, etc., Afran. ap. Charis. 2, p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 396 Rib.). —Trop., of nature, to decree, establish:A.confirmat antem illud vel maxime quod ipsa natura, ut ait ille, sciscet et probet,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23.—Hence, scī-tus, a, um, P. a.(Acc. to I.) Mid. (orig., that has informed himself, obtained knowledge, had experience; hence), knowing, shrewd, wise, acute, experienced, skilful, adroit, etc. (of persons; mostly poet.; not in Cic., but cf. 2.; syn.: callidus, versatus): doctu', fidelis... Scitus, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.):b.hominem astutum, doctum, scitum et callidum,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 151:mulier scita atque prudens,
Gell. 13, 4 fin.: scitus agaso, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 330 Müll. (Ann. v. 217 Vahl.):sycophanta,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 8:homo,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:convivator,
a clever, dexterous host, Liv. 35, 49:scitus bellum (venereum) init,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 42:ea mulieris scitae comitas,
Gell. 13, 4, 3.— Comp.:non sum scitior, quae hos rogem, etc.,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 12.— Poet. and in post - Aug. prose with gen.:Nessus scitus vadorum,
acquainted with, Ov. M. 9, 108:Thalia lyrae,
id. F. 5, 54:Sthenelus pugnandi,
Quint. 9, 3, 10 Spald. N. cr. —With obj.-clause ( poet.):scitus accendere corda Laudibus,
Sil. 17, 293:accendere Martem,
id. 15, 594.—Of things, fit, suitable, proper, judicious, sensible, witty, etc.:2.pulcre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57:scito illa quidem (scripsit) sermone et Attico,
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 93; cf.interrogationes,
Quint. 5, 7, 28.— Sup.:oratio optima et scitissima,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 30:si quid (dictum) est, quod mihi scitum esse videatur et homini ingenuo dignum atque docto, non aspernor,
Cic. Planc. 14, 35; cf. id. Or. 16, 51:oratoris dictum,
Tac. A. 6, 20.—Esp. in the phrase scitum est, it is a witty or acute saying; shrewd, clever: vetus illud Catonis admodum scitum est, qui mirari se aiebat, quod non rideret haruspex, haruspicem cum vidisset, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51; cf.:scitum est illud Catonis, ut multa: Melius, etc.,
id. Lael. 24, 90;Scytharum legati,
Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:scitum est, inter Protogenem et eum (Apellem) quod accidit,
a clever thing, id. 35, 10, 36, § 81:hoc Scitum est, periculum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36; cf. id. Phorm. 5, 4, 2:scitum est causam conferre in tempus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 228.—Transf., beautiful, elegant, fine, etc. (mostly ante- and post-class.;B.syn.: venustus, bellus): satis scitum filum mulieris,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 15; cf.Iphis,
Petr. 63, 3:mulierculae formae scitioris,
Lampr. Commod. 2 fin. (v. perscitus):vox admodum scita et canora,
Gell. 18, 5, 2:haec nox scita'st exercendo scorto,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 132; cf. scitamenta.—(Acc. to II. A.) Subst.: scītum, i. n., an ordinance, statute, decree; esp. in connection with plebis (plebei, v. plebs), or, in one word, plebiscitum, an ordinance or decree of the people or of the citizens (opp. to senatusconsultum, a decree of the Senate):2.scita plebei appellantur ea, quae plebs suo suffragio sine patribus jussit, plebeio magistratu rogante,
Fest. p. 293 Müll.; cf. Lael. Felix ap. Gell. 15, 27, 4:quo plebiscito decreta a senatu est quaestio, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:quae (lex) postea plebiscito Canuleio abrogata est,
id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:plebiscitis consularem potestatem minuere,
id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 et saep. (v. 2. scitus).—In a lusus verbb. with scitus, A.: Ps. Ecquid is homo scitus est? Ch. Plebiscitum non est scitius, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 58.—In the order scitum plebis:de altero aedile scitum plebis est factum rogantibus tribunis,
Liv. 31, 50 fin.; 10, 22 fin.:scita plebis injuncta patribus,
id. 3, 67; 22, 26;Populi is used instead of plebis when the decrees of other nations are spoken of: cum lex esset Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, ut quisquam coronā donaretur, etc.,
Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 19:Athenienses quibusdam temporibus sublato Areopago nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant,
id. Rep. 1, 27, 43; so,in one word, populiscitum,
Nep. Alcib. 5, 4; id. Epam. 7, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 2:ut nullum de eā re scitum populi fieret aut litteris mandaretur,
Liv. 45, 25. Tacitus is the first who has populi scita for decrees of the Roman people, Tac. A. 3, 58.—Of Roman popular decrees also simply scita:cum scita ac jussa nostra sua sententia comprobat,
Cic. Balb. 18, 42.—Rarely of other public or official ordinances (cf.:decreta, edicta, jussa): (Numa) omnia publica privataque sacra Pontificis scitis subjecit,
Liv. 1, 20:quo minus ferociter aliorum (decemvirorum) scitis adversarentur,
id. 3, 33; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:regis,
Vulg. Esth. 3, 8.—Transf. (with decretum and placitum) as a transl. of the Gr. dogma, a maxim, tenet, dogma, Sen. Ep. 95, 10.— Adv.: scītē (acc. to A.), shrewdly, cleverly, skilfully, adroitly, nicely, tastefully, elegantly (class.):eho, nimium scite scitus es,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 8; cf.:tondetur nimium scite,
id. Merc. 3, 1, 28:satis scite et probe,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 56; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 69; id. Mil. 4, 2, 74; id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 7; Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1 (with commode):(rationes) ita sunt perscriptae scite et litterate, ut, etc.,
id. Pis. 25, 61; cf.:scite et venuste facta,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:illa ex patellis quae evellerat, ita scite in aureis poculis inligabat, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 4, 24, §54: non scite (dictum),
id. Att. 14, 20, 3; so,dictum,
Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166:scite loqui,
Liv. 10, 19:parum scite convivium exornare,
Sall. J. 85, 39; cf. Liv. 4, 44 fin. — Comp.:scitius,
Gell. 4, 11, 10.— Sup.:scitissime,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 116; Gell. 10, 11, 6; App. M. 9, p. 212, 16. -
128 specto
specto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [id.], to look at, behold; to gaze at, watch, observe, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: adspicio, speculor, conspicor, contueor).I.Lit.A.In gen.(α).With acc.:(β).speculum a speciendo, quod ibi se spectant,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 129 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 6, §82 ib.: si vis videre ludos jucundissimos... amores tuos si vis spectare,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 81:spectare aliquid et visere,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44:taceas, me spectes,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 90:quid illas spectas?
id. Rud. 3, 4, 54; id. Am. 1, 1, 268:ere, ne me spectes,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 18:corpora,
Lucr. 4, 1102:ingentes acervos,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 24:gaude quod spectant oculi te mille loquentem,
id. Ep. 1, 6, 19:cum modo me spectas oculis protervis,
Ov. H. 16 (17), 77:spectari tergo,
id. A. A. 3, 774:Zoroaster primus siderum motus diligentissime spectasse dicitur,
Just. 1, 1, 9.—With rel.clause:(γ).tacitus te sequor, Spectans quas tu res hoc ornatu geras,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 2:specta quam arcte dormiunt,
id. Most. 3, 2, 144; cf.:saepe tui, specto, si sint in litore passus,
Ov. H. 18 (19), 27.—Absol.:(δ).vise, specta tuo arbitratu,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 106: Am. Sosia, age me huc aspice. So. Specto, id. Am. 2, 2, 119:quam magis specto, minus placet mihi hominis facies,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 19:alte spectare,
Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25:populo spectante,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 60.—With ad, in, per, or adv. of place:(ε).spectare ad carceris oras,
Enn. Ann. 1, 102:quaeso huc ad me specta,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 149; so, ad me, Afran. ap. Isid. Orig. 12, 8, 16:ad dexteram,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1:tota domus, quae spectat in nos solos,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 58:ego limis specto Sic per flabellum clanculum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 53:quoquo hic spectabit, eo tu spectato simul,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 69.—Impers. pass. with subj. or final clause:(ζ).cum plausu congregari feros (pisces) ad cibum assuetudine, in quibusdam vivariis spectetur,
Plin. 10, 70, 89, § 193:spectandum ne quoi anulum det,
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 33. —With inf.:B.spectet currere Gangem,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 629:minaces ire per caelum faces specta,
id. ib. 325.—In partic.1.To look at or see (a play or an actor) as a spectator, to look on:2.fabulam,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 37:Megalesia,
Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22; Hor. A. P. 190:ludos,
id. S. 2, 6, 48; 2, 8, 79; id. Ep. 2, 1, 203; Suet. Aug. 40; 53 al.:Circenses,
id. ib. 45; id. Claud. 4:pugiles,
id. Aug. 45:artifices saltationis,
id. Tit. 7 al. —With inf.:spectavi ego pridem Comicos ad istum modum Sapienter dicta dicere atque is plaudier,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 23:matronae tacitae spectent, tacitae rideant,
id. Poen. prol. 32:jam hic deludetur (Amphitruo), spectatores, vobis spectantibus,
id. Am. 3, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. prol. 151. —Hence, very often in inscrr. and tesseris: GLADIATORIIS SP., i. e. spectatus, of a gladiator who had stood the first public fight, Inscr. Orell. 2561 sq.; cf.: Morcelli delle tessere degli spettacoli Roma, Becker, Antiq. 4, p. 562.—Of localities, to look, face, lie, be situated towards any quarter (syn.: prospicio, vergo); constr. usu. with ad, in, inter, etc., or an adv. of place; less freq. with acc.:3.(hujus insulae) alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; so,ad orientem solem,
id. ib. 7, 69:ad fretum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 169:ager, qui in ventum Favonium spectet,
Varr. R. R. 1, 24, 1:in urbem... in Etruriam,
Liv. 5, 5;v. also infra: Aquitania spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones,
is situated to the north - west, Caes. B. G. 1, 1 fin.: quare fit, ut introversus et ad te Spectent atque ferant vestigia se omnia prorsus, Lucil. ap. Non. 402, 7; cf.:ut ora eorum deorsum spectent,
Col. 12, 16, 4:vestigia Omnia te adversum spectantia, nulla retrorsum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 75:quo (villae) spectent porticibus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 4: Creta altior est, quā spectat orientem, Sall. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 23 (H. 3, 58 Dietsch):Acarnania solem occidentem et mare Siculum spectat,
Liv. 33, 17, 5:mediterranea regio est, orientem spectat,
id. 25, 9, 10; 30, 25, 11:quae et Tanaim et Bactra spectant,
Curt. 7, 7, 4; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 15; Vell. 1, 11, 3:ab eo latere, quo (Gadis) Hispaniam spectat,
Plin. 4, 21, 36, § 120; 6, 17, 20, § 53.— Transf., of nations:Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 6:Masaesyli in regionem Hispaniae spectant,
Liv. 28, 17.—To examine, try, test:II.(argentum) dare spectandum,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 35:ut fulvum spectatur in ignibus aurum, Tempore sic duro est inspicienda fides,
Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 25; cf.:qui pecuniā non movetur... hunc igni spectatum arbitrantur,
as having stood the test of fire, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38; cf. spectatio, I. B., and spectator, I. B.—Trop.A.In gen., to look at, behold, see, regard, consider (very rare):B.specta rem modo!
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 14:audaciam meretricum specta,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 24:importunitatem spectate aniculae,
id. And. 1, 4, 4:suave, E terrā magnum alterius spectare laborem,
Lucr. 2, 2: caeli signorum admirabilem ordinem spectat, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 402, 17:ad te unum omnis mea spectat oratio,
Cic. Deiot. 2, 5.—In partic.1.To look to a thing, as to an end or guide of action; hence, to have in view, bear in mind; to aim, strive, or endeavor after; to meditate; to tend, incline, refer, pertain, or have regard to a thing (freq. and class.;2.syn.: contendo, pertineo, tendo): juvenes magna spectare et ad ea rectis studiis debent contendere,
Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45:nec commune bonum poterant spectare,
Lucr. 5, 958:rem, non hominem, spectari oportere,
Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:nihil spectat nisi fugam,
Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1:Pompeius statuisse videtur, quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,
id. Mil. 6, 15:nos ea, quae sunt in usu vitāque communi, non ea quae finguntur aut optantur spectare debemus,
id. Lael. 5, 18:ingenti consensu defectionem omnes spectare,
Liv. 22, 22, 21:arma et bellum,
id. 3, 69, 2:Romani, desperatā ope humanā, fata et deos spectabant,
id. 5, 16, 8; Curt. 9, 7, 2; Just. 13, 1, 8:tota domus quae spectat in nos solos,
relies on, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 58:in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur,
id. Or. 16, 51:mores,
id. Off. 2, 20, 69; so (with sequi) id. de Or. 2, 50, 204:quem locum probandae virtutis tuae spectas?
do you seek? Caes. B. G. 5, 44:noli spectare, quanti homo sit,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:me spectasse semper, ut tibi possem quam maxime esse conjunctus,
id. Fam. 5, 8, 3:ad imperatorias laudes,
id. Vatin. 10, 24:ad suam magis gloriam quam ad salutem rei publicae,
id. Sest. 16, 37:ad vitulam,
Verg. E. 3, 48:cum plebes Nolana de integro ad defectionem spectaret,
Liv. 23, 16, 2; so id. 23, 6, 4:ab scelere ad aliud spectare mulier scelus,
id. 1, 47, 1; 34, 56, 10.—Of subjects not personal:et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
Cic. Or. 59, 200:ad arma rem spectare,
id. Fam. 14, 5, 1; cf.:rem ad seditionem spectare,
Liv. 25, 3, 19:ad vim spectare res coepit,
id. 1, 9, 6; cf.:si ad perniciem patriae res spectabit,
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 90:aliquid anquirunt, quod spectet et valeat ad bene beateque vivendum,
id. ib. 2, 2, 6:ea non tam ad religionem spectant, quam ad jus sepulcrorum,
belong to, concern, id. Leg. 2, 23, 58:quoniam de eo genere beneficiorum dictum est, quae ad singulos spectant: deinceps de iis, quae ad universos pertinent, disputandum est,
id. Off. 2, 21, 72; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 7: artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis et in unum exitum spectantibus, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 92:nostra consilia sempiternum tempus spectare debent,
id. ib. 2, 40, 169:solvendi necessitas debitorem spectat,
Dig. 2, 14, 42:res eo spectat, ut eā poenā non videamini esse contenti,
Cic. Lig. 5, 13:hoc eo spectabat, ut eam (Pythiam) a Philippo corruptam diceret,
id. de Div. 2, 57, 118: summa judicii mei spectat huc, ut meorum injurias ferre possim, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 46:quo igitur haec spectat oratio?
Cic. Att. 8, 2, 4; cf. id. Phil. 13, 20, 46:quorsum haec omnis spectat oratio?
id. ib. 7, 9, 26 et saep.:quia quicquid ad corpus spectat, et immortalitatis est expers, vanum sit,
Lact. 3, 12, 33.—(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To judge of; to try, test (syn. probo):A.nemo illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, sed ex artificio comico aestimabat,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 28:alicujus animum ex animo suo,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 22:non igitur ex singulis vocibus philosophi spectandi sunt, sed ex perpetuitate atque constantiā,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 31:ex meo otium tuum specto,
id. Att. 12, 39:quod ego non tam fastidiose in nobis quam in histrionibus spectari puto,
id. de Or. 1, 61, 258:ubi facillime spectatur mulier, quae ingenio'st bono?
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 59; cf.:hominem in dubiis periclis,
Lucr. 3, 55:beneficium a deteriore parte,
Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2.—Hence, spectātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 2.).Tried, tested, proved (syn.: probatus, cognitus): tuam probatam et spectatam maxime adulescentiam, Lucil. ap. Non. 437, 14:B.homines spectati et probati,
Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124:fides spectata et diu cognita,
id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11; Ov. P. 2, 7, 82:pietas spectata per ignes,
id. F. 4, 37:integritas,
Liv. 26, 49, 16; cf.:homo in rebus judicandis spectatus et cognitus,
Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29:spectata ac nobilitata virtus,
id. Fl. 26, 63:spectata multis magnisque rebus singularis integritas,
id. Phil. 3, 10, 26:rebus spectata juventus,
Verg. A. 8, 151:utebatur medico ignobili, sed spectato homine, Cleophanto,
id. Clu. 16, 47:mores,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 1, 4:ni virtus fidesque vestra spectata mihi forent,
Sall. C. 20, 2.— Sup.:id cuique spectatissimum sit, quod occurrerit, etc.,
let that be the best test of each, Liv. 1, 57, 7.—With subject-clause:mihi satis spectatum est, Pompeium malle principem volentibus vobis esse quam, etc.,
Sall. H. 3, 61, 23 Dietsch.—In gen., looked up to, respected, esteemed, worthy, excellent:fecere tale ante alii spectati viri,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 47:in perfecto et spectato viro,
Cic. Lael. 2, 9:homines,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24:castitas,
Liv. 1, 57, 10.— Comp.:quo non spectatior alter,
Sil. 1, 440.— Sup.:auctoritas clarissimi et spectatissimi viri atque in primis probati,
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7:spectatissima femina,
id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147.—Of things (Plinian):paeninsula spectatior (with flumen clarum),
Plin. 4, 18, 32, § 107:spectatius artificium,
id. 11, 1, 1, § 1:spectatissima laurus,
id. 15, 30, 40, § 134.— Hence, adv.: spectātē, splendidly, excellently:spectatissime florere,
Plin. 21, 1, 1, § 2:spectatissime ministrere,
Amm. 28, 3, 9.
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