-
1 LORD
heru (pl. \#heruvi, gen.pl. \#heruion), hér, as final part of compounds: \#her, e.g. Ostoher *"City-Lord". The form Héru with a long é occurs in VT43:28, 29 (where i Héru "the Lord" refers to God). LORDSHIP hérë; LORD OF TREES Aldaron (a name of Oromë) –LT1:272, Silm:432, Letters:282, VT44:12, LotR:1122, Silm:32, 378, VT41:9 -
2 FRIEND
meldo (pl meldor is attested). MY FRIEND meldonya (VT49:40). Apparently meldo is a masculine form, corresponding to feminine \#meldë (cf. meldenya *"my friend" in the Elaine inscription, Tolkien here referring to Elaine Griffiths). Other words for "friend": nildo (m.), nildë (f.), sermo, seron (m.), sermë (f.), málo (m.?), -ser (final element in compounds), –(n)dil (final element in compounds, e.g. Elendil, Anardil, Valandil – sometimes translated "lover" rather than "friend". When the first part of the compound ends in l, n, or r, the n of -ndil is left out).The final element -ndil also appears in the variant form -nil and with the longer forms -nildo, -dildo (VT46:4). FRIENDLY nilda (lovely), FRIENDSHIP nilmë –WJ:412 cf. VT45:34, NIL, SER, MEL, Letters:386 -
3 FATHER
atar (pl. atari in Etym, though the pl. form \#atári occurs as part of the compound Atanatári). Dative ataren is attested (VT43:36-37). Forms like atar, atarinya ("my father") as well as atya "daddy" are said to be forms a child would use in addressing his or her father (VT47:26; see DADDY). In VT48:19, atya is explained as a contraction of at-nya "my father". The final version of the Lord's Prayer (VT43:12, 13) has \#Átar with a long initial vowel (Átaremma "our father"); this \#Átar may incorporate the vocative particle a (*a Atar "o Father" > \#Átar). FATHER OF ALL Ilúvatar (God). –Silm:428, 229/ATA/LT1:255, VT44:16, Silm:404/UT:446, VT43:37 -
4 FORGIVE
\#avatyar- (imperative avatyara and the pl. aorist avatyarir are attested). The matter that is forgiven is the direct object, whereas the person that is forgiven appears in the ablative case: avatyara mello lucassemmar, "forgive us [lit. from us] our debts". This verb \#avatyar- occurs in certain versions of Tolkien's Quenya rendering of the Lord's Prayer; in the latest version he introduced the verb apsene- "remit, release, forgive" instead, with a slightly different syntax: the matter forgiven is still the direct object, but the person forgiven now appears in the dative case. The exact etymology of apsene- is somewhat obscure; the prefix ap- is apparently derived from a root AB- in a meaning which Tolkien according to other sources abandoned (see VT43:18-19); also, it is unclear whether the final –e of apsene- is just the connecting vowel of the aorist (before endings we would rather expect *apseni-) or an integral part of the verbal stem, which would make this an "E-stem" verb otherwise hardly attested. The verb apsene- is once attested with the object ending -t "them" attached: apsenet "[as we] forgive them". The alternative verb \#avatyar- is for many reasons less problematic and may be preferred by writers. –VT43:8, 9, 18-20 -
5 SERVANT
núro (in the Etymologies as published in LR, the gloss is misread as "sunset"; see VT45:38), also –(n)dur (final element in compounds, e.g. arandur "king's servant, minister, steward". When the first part of the compound ends in l, n, or r, the n of –ndur is left out). –NDŪ, Letters:386
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