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41 wire filament
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42 drawn-wire filament
нить накала из твердо-тянутой проволоки
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[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > drawn-wire filament
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43 hot-wire voltmeter
тепловой вольтметр
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[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > hot-wire voltmeter
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44 glowing wire
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45 hot wire
(el, tele) filament -
46 drawn-wire filament
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47 tungsten filament coiling wire
< mat> ■ Wolframfeindraht mEnglish-german technical dictionary > tungsten filament coiling wire
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48 drut żarnikowy
• filament wire -
49 затухатель
filament wire мор., grid wireРусско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > затухатель
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50 Coolidge, William David
[br]b. 23 October 1873 Hudson, Massachusetts, USAd. 3 February 1975 New York, USA[br]American physicist and metallurgist who invented a method of producing ductile tungsten wire for electric lamps.[br]Coolidge obtained his BS from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1896, and his PhD (physics) from the University of Leipzig in 1899. He was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics at MIT in 1904, and in 1905 he joined the staff of the General Electric Company's research laboratory at Schenectady. In 1905 Schenectady was trying to make tungsten-filament lamps to counter the competition of the tantalum-filament lamps then being produced by their German rival Siemens. The first tungsten lamps made by Just and Hanaman in Vienna in 1904 had been too fragile for general use. Coolidge and his life-long collaborator, Colin G. Fink, succeeded in 1910 by hot-working directly dense sintered tungsten compacts into wire. This success was the result of a flash of insight by Coolidge, who first perceived that fully recrystallized tungsten wire was always brittle and that only partially work-hardened wire retained a measure of ductility. This grasped, a process was developed which induced ductility into the wire by hot-working at temperatures below those required for full recrystallization, so that an elongated fibrous grain structure was progressively developed. Sintered tungsten ingots were swaged to bar at temperatures around 1,500°C and at the end of the process ductile tungsten filament wire was drawn through diamond dies around 550°C. This process allowed General Electric to dominate the world lamp market. Tungsten lamps consumed only one-third the energy of carbon lamps, and for the first time the cost of electric lighting was reduced to that of gas. Between 1911 and 1914, manufacturing licences for the General Electric patents had been granted for most of the developed work. The validity of the General Electric monopoly was bitterly contested, though in all the litigation that followed, Coolidge's fibering principle was upheld. Commercial arrangements between General Electric and European producers such as Siemens led to the name "Osram" being commonly applied to any lamp with a drawn tungsten filament. In 1910 Coolidge patented the use of thoria as a particular additive that greatly improved the high-temperature strength of tungsten filaments. From this development sprang the technique of "dispersion strengthening", still being widely used in the development of high-temperature alloys in the 1990s. In 1913 Coolidge introduced the first controllable hot-cathode X-ray tube, which had a tungsten target and operated in vacuo rather than in a gaseous atmosphere. With this equipment, medical radiography could for the first time be safely practised on a routine basis. During the First World War, Coolidge developed portable X-ray units for use in field hospitals, and between the First and Second World Wars he introduced between 1 and 2 million X-ray machines for cancer treatment and for industrial radiography. He became Director of the Schenectady laboratory in 1932, and from 1940 until 1944 he was Vice-President and Director of Research. After retirement he was retained as an X-ray consultant, and in this capacity he attended the Bikini atom bomb trials in 1946. Throughout the Second World War he was a member of the National Defence Research Committee.[br]Bibliography1965, "The development of ductile tungsten", Sorby Centennial Symposium on the History of Metallurgy, AIME Metallurgy Society Conference, Vol. 27, ed. Cyril Stanley Smith, Gordon and Breach, pp. 443–9.Further ReadingD.J.Jones and A.Prince, 1985, "Tungsten and high density alloys", Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society 19(1):72–84.ASDBiographical history of technology > Coolidge, William David
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51 Wolframfeindraht
m < mat> ■ tungsten filament coiling wire; tungsten filament wire -
52 затухатель
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > затухатель
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53 затухатель
1) <tech.> attenuator
2) <naut.> filament wire
3) grid wire -
54 затухатель
attenuator filament wire, grid wire -
55 Lampengestell
Lampengestell n lamp mount, filament [wire] supportDeutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Lampengestell
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56 سلك كهربائي
n. filament, wire -
57 kawat
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58 усик компасной катушки
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > усик компасной катушки
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59 תייל
wire, filament -
60 нитяной счётчик
wire counter, filament counter
См. также в других словарях:
filament — [fil′ə mənt] n. [Fr < ML filamentum < LL filare, to spin < L filum: see FILE1] 1. a very slender thread or fiber 2. a threadlike part; specif., a) the fine metal wire in a light bulb which becomes incandescent when heated by an electric… … English World dictionary
filament — ► NOUN 1) a slender thread like object or fibre. 2) a metal wire in an electric light bulb, which glows white hot when an electric current is passed through it. 3) Botany the slender part of a stamen that supports the anther. DERIVATIVES… … English terms dictionary
wire — wirable, adj. wirelike, adj. /wuyeur/, n., adj., v., wired, wiring. n. 1. a slender, stringlike piece or filament of relatively rigid or flexible metal, usually circular in section, manufactured in a great variety of diameters and metals… … Universalium
Filament — (Roget s Thesaurus) < N PARAG:Filament >N GRP: N 1 Sgm: N 1 filament filament line Sgm: N 1 fiber fiber fibril Sgm: N 1 funicle funicle vein Sgm: N 1 hair hair capillament cilium … English dictionary for students
wire — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) n. (metal) thread, filament; flex, cord, line; telephone, telegraph, cable; cablegram, telegram. See communication. II (Roget s IV) n. 1. [A metal strand] Syn. line, electric wire, cable, aerial, circuit … English dictionary for students
filament — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) Threadlike fiber Nouns 1. filament, line; fiber, fibril; funicle, vein, hair, capillament, capillary, cilium, tendril, gossamer; hairline. 2. string, chord, thread, cotton, sewing silk, twine, twist;… … English dictionary for students
wire — [[t]waɪər[/t]] n. adj. v. wired, wir•ing 1) mel a slender, stringlike piece or filament of metal 2) bui such pieces as a material 3) elm a length of such material used as a conductor of current in electrical, cable, telegraph, or telephone… … From formal English to slang
filament — fil|a|ment [ˈfıləmənt] n ↑filament, ↑thread [Date: 1500 1600; : Medieval Latin; Origin: filamentum, from Latin filum thread ] a very thin thread or wire ▪ an electric filament … Dictionary of contemporary English
filament — UK [ˈfɪləmənt] / US noun [countable] Word forms filament : singular filament plural filaments 1) a very thin fibre, or an object that looks like a thin fibre 2) physics the thin wire inside a light bulb 3) biology the long thin stem of a stamen… … English dictionary
filament — A fine wire inside a light bulb that heats to incandescence when current passes through it. The filament produces the light. Also see double filament bulb … Dictionary of automotive terms
filament — [[t]fɪ̱ləmənt[/t]] filaments N COUNT A filament is a very thin piece or thread of something, for example the piece of wire inside a light bulb … English dictionary