excūsō

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ex-cūso ( excuss-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [causa; cf. accuso, from ad-causa; qs. to release from a charge, to free from blame; hence], to excuse a person or thing.

Lit.

With a personal object, aliquem alicui:

Atticae meae velim me ita excuses, ut omnem culpam in te transferas,

Cic. Att. 15, 28; cf.:

aliquem alicui per litteras,

id. Fam. 11, 15, 1; and:

his omnibus me vehementer excusatum volo,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 40, § 103.—With quod:

Titium excusavit Vespa Terentius, quod eum brachium fregisse diceret,

id. de Or. 2, 62, 253:

Libo excusat Bibulum, quod is, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 16, 3:

primum me tibi excuso in eo ipso, in quo te accuso,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1:

se de aliqua re,

Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1:

de me excusando apud Apuleium, dederam ad te litteras,

Cic. Att. 12, 14, 1:

se alicui,

Plaut. As. 4, 2, 4; Quint. 4, 1, 75 et saep.—In pass.:

cura, ut excuser morbi causa in dies singulos,

Cic. Att. 12, 13, 2: si citatus judex non responderit excuseturque Areopagites esse, etc., excuses himself as being, etc., id. Phil. 5, 5, 14:

dixi, cur excusatus abirem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7:

apud Appuleium in dies ut excuser videbis,

Cic. Att. 12, 15, 1:

me excusatum esse apud Appuleium a Laterense,

id. ib. 12, 17, 1.—

With inanim. or abstr. objects, to excuse, apologize for:

Varroni memineris excusare tarditatem litterarum mearum,

Cic. Att. 15, 26 fin.:

habitum permutatum,

Quint. 3, 7, 6:

palliolum, fascias, etc. (sola valetudo),

id. 11, 3, 144:

commentarios,

id. 10, 7, 31:

missos ignes,

Ov. M. 2, 397;

dolorem,

id. ib. 4, 256:

toros,

Stat. Th. 2, 256:

reditum Agrippinae ob imminentem partum et hiemem,

her not returning, Tac. A. 1, 44.

Transf.

Aliquid (alicui), i. q. se propter aliquid, to allege in excuse, to plead as an excuse, to excuse one's self with.

With acc.:

propinquitatem excusavit,

Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1:

morbum,

id. ib. 9, 4, 8:

inopiam (with calamitatem queri),

Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 3:

valetudinem,

Liv. 6, 22 fin.:

imbecillitatem,

Suet. Tib. 6:

vires,

Ov. M. 14, 462:

diversa,

Tac. A. 3, 11 et saep.:

ille Philippo Excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla, Quod non mane domum venisset, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 67:

dictatorem se apud patres excusare solitum,

Liv. 6, 39, 4:

aliquid apud aliquem,

Curt. 5, 10, 8; Suet. Tib. 68.— Pass.:

quae apud Vitellium excusanda erant,

Tac. H. 2, 85:

excusata necessitas praesentium,

id. ib. 1, 78:

excusata rei familiaris mediocritate,

Suet. Aug. 101:

excusatus languor faucium, propter quem non adesset,

id. Ner. 41 et saep.—

With an object-clause:

si prehensi sumus, excusemus, ebrios Nos fecisse, etc.,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 19 (but in id. Merc. 2, 3, 126, the correct reading is incusato, v. Ritschl ad h. l.): excusanti, minus datum ad occultandam facinoris invidiam, Suet. Ner. 33; id. Aug. 69.—

Aliquem ab aliqua re, aliqua re, or alicui rei, to excuse, absolve one from any thing; to discharge, dispense with one (postAug.):

a coepta (tutela) excusari,

Dig. 27, 1, 11:

collegarum filiorum tutela excusari,

ib. 9; cf. Ambros. in Psa. 1, § 46:

cui excusari mallet,

Tac. A. 1. 12; Vulg. Luc. 14, 19. But (class.):

se de aliqua re: legati venerunt, qui se de superioris temporis consilio excusarent, quod, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1.—

Se ab aliqua re, to shelter, protect one's self from any thing (post-class.):

ut invicom se a calore excusent (plantae),

Pall. Nov. 7, 2. —Hence,

Aliquid aliqua re, to compensate, atone for any thing (post-Aug. and rare):

nefas armis,

Claud. de Bell. Get. 562; Stat. Th. 6, 44; Plin. Pan. 32, 4.—Hence, excūsātus, a, um, P. a., excused (postAug. and rare):

hoc et ego excusatior, si forte sum lapsus, et tu dignior laude,

Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 11; 4, 5, 4:

excusatissimus essem, etiamsi, etc.,

Sen. Const. Sap. 29.— Adv.: excūsātē, without blame, excusably:

fieri id videtur excusate,

Quint. 2, 1, 13.— Comp.:

quod exoratus excusatius facies,

Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3; Tac. A. 3, 68; Just. 32, 2.

to exempt from blame, excuse, make excuses, plead.

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ac-cūso (also with ss; cf. Cassiod. 2283 P.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [fr. causa; cf. cludo with claudo], orig. = ad causam provocare, to call one to account, to make complaint against, to reproach, blame.

In gen., of persons:

si id non me accusas, tu ipse objurgandus es,

if you do not call me to account for it, you yourself deserve to be reprimanded, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 59:

quid me accusas?

id. As. 1, 3, 21:

meretricem hanc primum adeundam censeo, oremus, accusemus gravius, denique minitemur,

we must entreat, severely chide, and finally threaten her, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 94 sq.:

ambo accusandi,

you both deserve reproach, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 67:

cotidie accusabam,

I daily took him to task, id. ib. 1, 1, 50:

me accusas cum hunc casum tam graviter feram,

Cic. Att. 3, 13; id. Fam. 1, 1 Manut.:

me tibi excuso in eo ipso, in quo te accuso,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 2:

ut me accusare de epistularum neglegentia possis,

that you may blame me for my tardiness in writing, id. Att. 1, 6. —Also metaph. of things, to blame, find fault with:

alicujus desperationem,

Cic. Fam. 6, 1: inertiam adolescentium, id. de Or. 1, 58 (cf. incusare, Tac. H. 4, 42);

hence also: culpam alicujus,

to lay the fault on one, Cic. Planc. 4, 9; cf. id. Sest. 38, 80; id. Lig. 1, 2; id. Cael. 12, 29.—Hence,

Esp.

Transferred to civil life, to call one to account publicly (ad causam publicam, or publice dicendam provocare), to accuse, to inform against, arraign, indict (while incusare means to involve or entangle one in a cause); t. t. in Roman judicial lang.; constr. with aliquem alicujus rei (like katêgorein, cf. Prisc. 1187 P.):

accusant ii, qui in fortunas hujus invaserunt, causam dicit is, cui nihil reliquerunt,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 5:

numquam, si se ambitu commaculasset, ambitus alterum accusaret,

id. Cael. 7:

ne quis ante actarum rerum accusaretur,

that no one should be called to account for previous offences, Nep. Thras. 3, 2; Milt. 1, 7. Other rarer constructions are: aliquem aliquid (only with id, illud, quod), Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 59; cf. Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 21:

aliquo crimine,

Cic. Verr. 1, 16; Nep. Milt. 8; id. Lys. 3, 4; id. Ep. 1 al.:

de pecuniis repetundis,

Cic. Clu. 41, 114; cf.:

de veneficiis,

id. Rosc. Am. 32, 90:

inter sicarios,

id. ib. 32; cf. Zumpt, § 446; Rudd. 2, 165 sq.; 169, note 4.—The punishment that is implied in the accusation is put in gen.:

capitis,

to accuse one of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2, 6; cf. Zumpt, § 447. —

Casus accusandi, the fourth case in grammar, the accusative case, Var. L. L. 8, § 66 Müll.; v. accusativus.

excūsātĭo ( excuss-), ōnis, f. [excuso], an excusing, excuse (freq. and class.); constr. with obj. or subj. gen., absol., with cur, quominus, etc.

With gen. obj.:

peccati,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

intermissionis litterarum,

id. Fam. 16, 25:

valent apud me excusationes injuriae tuae,

id. Sull. 16, 47.—

With gen. subj.:

pauci ejusdem generis addit cum excusatione Pompeii conjuncta (shortly before: velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum),

Caes. B. C. 1, 8, 4.—With both constructions:

excusatio Ser. Sulpicii legationis obeundae,

Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 8.—

With a causal gen. (freq.):

hic dies summa'st apud me inopiae excusatio,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 31:

excusatio vel pietatis, vel necessitatis, vel aetatis,

Cic. Cael. 1, 2; cf.

adolescentiae,

id. ib. 18, 43:

me neque honoris neque aetatis excusatio vindicat a labore,

id. Sull. 9, 26:

aetatis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 85, 9:

valetudinis,

Cic. Pis. 6, 13:

oculorum,

id. de Or. 2, 68, 275: [p. 681] familiaris funeris, id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8:

amicitiae,

id. Lael. 12, 43:

necessitatis,

id. Rab. Post. 10, 27:

summae stultitiae,

id. Caecin. 11, 30 et saep.—

Absol.:

turpis enim excusatio est si quis contra rem publicam se amici causa fecisse fateatur,

Cic. Lael. 12, 40:

illa perfugia, quae sumunt sibi ad excusationem,

id. Rep. 1, 5:

(Sappho) dat tibi justam excusationem,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 126:

libenter Caesar petentibus Aeduis dat veniam excusationemque accipit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 4, 3:

triduum disputationibus excusationibusque extrahitur,

id. B. C. 1, 33, 3 et saep.—

With cur and quominus:

accipio excusationem tuam, qua usus es, cur, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1:

nemini civi ullam, quominus adesset, satis justam excusationem esse visam,

id. Pis. 15, 36.—

With acc. and inf.:

habent excusationem legitimam, exsilii causa solum vertisse nec esse postea restitutos,

id. Phil. 5, 5, 14.—

With kindr. accus.:

ad excusandas excusationes in peccatis,

Vulg. Psa. 140, 4.—

Transf., a being excused, a release, discharge from any thing (post-class.):

tria onera tutelarum dant excusationem,

Dig. 27, 1 (De excusationibus), 3; cf.:

omnibus excusatio a tutela competit,

ib. 5 et saep. (vid. the whole title).

excūsātĭo ( excuss-), ōnis, f. [excuso], an excusing, excuse (freq. and class.); constr. with obj. or subj. gen., absol., with cur, quominus, etc.

With gen. obj.:

peccati,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

intermissionis litterarum,

id. Fam. 16, 25:

valent apud me excusationes injuriae tuae,

id. Sull. 16, 47.—

With gen. subj.:

pauci ejusdem generis addit cum excusatione Pompeii conjuncta (shortly before: velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum),

Caes. B. C. 1, 8, 4.—With both constructions:

excusatio Ser. Sulpicii legationis obeundae,

Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 8.—

With a causal gen. (freq.):

hic dies summa'st apud me inopiae excusatio,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 31:

excusatio vel pietatis, vel necessitatis, vel aetatis,

Cic. Cael. 1, 2; cf.

adolescentiae,

id. ib. 18, 43:

me neque honoris neque aetatis excusatio vindicat a labore,

id. Sull. 9, 26:

aetatis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 85, 9:

valetudinis,

Cic. Pis. 6, 13:

oculorum,

id. de Or. 2, 68, 275: [p. 681] familiaris funeris, id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8:

amicitiae,

id. Lael. 12, 43:

necessitatis,

id. Rab. Post. 10, 27:

summae stultitiae,

id. Caecin. 11, 30 et saep.—

Absol.:

turpis enim excusatio est si quis contra rem publicam se amici causa fecisse fateatur,

Cic. Lael. 12, 40:

illa perfugia, quae sumunt sibi ad excusationem,

id. Rep. 1, 5:

(Sappho) dat tibi justam excusationem,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 126:

libenter Caesar petentibus Aeduis dat veniam excusationemque accipit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 4, 3:

triduum disputationibus excusationibusque extrahitur,

id. B. C. 1, 33, 3 et saep.—

With cur and quominus:

accipio excusationem tuam, qua usus es, cur, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1:

nemini civi ullam, quominus adesset, satis justam excusationem esse visam,

id. Pis. 15, 36.—

With acc. and inf.:

habent excusationem legitimam, exsilii causa solum vertisse nec esse postea restitutos,

id. Phil. 5, 5, 14.—

With kindr. accus.:

ad excusandas excusationes in peccatis,

Vulg. Psa. 140, 4.—

Transf., a being excused, a release, discharge from any thing (post-class.):

tria onera tutelarum dant excusationem,

Dig. 27, 1 (De excusationibus), 3; cf.:

omnibus excusatio a tutela competit,

ib. 5 et saep. (vid. the whole title).

ex-cūso ( excuss-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [causa; cf. accuso, from ad-causa; qs. to release from a charge, to free from blame; hence], to excuse a person or thing.

Lit.

With a personal object, aliquem alicui:

Atticae meae velim me ita excuses, ut omnem culpam in te transferas,

Cic. Att. 15, 28; cf.:

aliquem alicui per litteras,

id. Fam. 11, 15, 1; and:

his omnibus me vehementer excusatum volo,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 40, § 103.—With quod:

Titium excusavit Vespa Terentius, quod eum brachium fregisse diceret,

id. de Or. 2, 62, 253:

Libo excusat Bibulum, quod is, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 16, 3:

primum me tibi excuso in eo ipso, in quo te accuso,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1:

se de aliqua re,

Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1:

de me excusando apud Apuleium, dederam ad te litteras,

Cic. Att. 12, 14, 1:

se alicui,

Plaut. As. 4, 2, 4; Quint. 4, 1, 75 et saep.—In pass.:

cura, ut excuser morbi causa in dies singulos,

Cic. Att. 12, 13, 2: si citatus judex non responderit excuseturque Areopagites esse, etc., excuses himself as being, etc., id. Phil. 5, 5, 14:

dixi, cur excusatus abirem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7:

apud Appuleium in dies ut excuser videbis,

Cic. Att. 12, 15, 1:

me excusatum esse apud Appuleium a Laterense,

id. ib. 12, 17, 1.—

With inanim. or abstr. objects, to excuse, apologize for:

Varroni memineris excusare tarditatem litterarum mearum,

Cic. Att. 15, 26 fin.:

habitum permutatum,

Quint. 3, 7, 6:

palliolum, fascias, etc. (sola valetudo),

id. 11, 3, 144:

commentarios,

id. 10, 7, 31:

missos ignes,

Ov. M. 2, 397;

dolorem,

id. ib. 4, 256:

toros,

Stat. Th. 2, 256:

reditum Agrippinae ob imminentem partum et hiemem,

her not returning, Tac. A. 1, 44.

Transf.

Aliquid (alicui), i. q. se propter aliquid, to allege in excuse, to plead as an excuse, to excuse one's self with.

With acc.:

propinquitatem excusavit,

Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1:

morbum,

id. ib. 9, 4, 8:

inopiam (with calamitatem queri),

Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 3:

valetudinem,

Liv. 6, 22 fin.:

imbecillitatem,

Suet. Tib. 6:

vires,

Ov. M. 14, 462:

diversa,

Tac. A. 3, 11 et saep.:

ille Philippo Excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla, Quod non mane domum venisset, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 67:

dictatorem se apud patres excusare solitum,

Liv. 6, 39, 4:

aliquid apud aliquem,

Curt. 5, 10, 8; Suet. Tib. 68.— Pass.:

quae apud Vitellium excusanda erant,

Tac. H. 2, 85:

excusata necessitas praesentium,

id. ib. 1, 78:

excusata rei familiaris mediocritate,

Suet. Aug. 101:

excusatus languor faucium, propter quem non adesset,

id. Ner. 41 et saep.—

With an object-clause:

si prehensi sumus, excusemus, ebrios Nos fecisse, etc.,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 19 (but in id. Merc. 2, 3, 126, the correct reading is incusato, v. Ritschl ad h. l.): excusanti, minus datum ad occultandam facinoris invidiam, Suet. Ner. 33; id. Aug. 69.—

Aliquem ab aliqua re, aliqua re, or alicui rei, to excuse, absolve one from any thing; to discharge, dispense with one (postAug.):

a coepta (tutela) excusari,

Dig. 27, 1, 11:

collegarum filiorum tutela excusari,

ib. 9; cf. Ambros. in Psa. 1, § 46:

cui excusari mallet,

Tac. A. 1. 12; Vulg. Luc. 14, 19. But (class.):

se de aliqua re: legati venerunt, qui se de superioris temporis consilio excusarent, quod, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1.—

Se ab aliqua re, to shelter, protect one's self from any thing (post-class.):

ut invicom se a calore excusent (plantae),

Pall. Nov. 7, 2. —Hence,

Aliquid aliqua re, to compensate, atone for any thing (post-Aug. and rare):

nefas armis,

Claud. de Bell. Get. 562; Stat. Th. 6, 44; Plin. Pan. 32, 4.—Hence, excūsātus, a, um, P. a., excused (postAug. and rare):

hoc et ego excusatior, si forte sum lapsus, et tu dignior laude,

Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 11; 4, 5, 4:

excusatissimus essem, etiamsi, etc.,

Sen. Const. Sap. 29.— Adv.: excūsātē, without blame, excusably:

fieri id videtur excusate,

Quint. 2, 1, 13.— Comp.:

quod exoratus excusatius facies,

Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3; Tac. A. 3, 68; Just. 32, 2.

ĭdĕo, adv. [id-eo, i. e. this for this], for that reason, on that account, therefore (class.; esp. freq. in Quint.; cf.: eo, idcirco; ergo, igitur, itaque).

Relatively.

With causal particles, quod, quia, quoniam.

With quod:

ideo quod plerique deducuntur ad molas,

Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 5:

re quidem ipsa ideo mihi non satis facio, quod nullam partem tuorum meritorum consequi possum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 6; so,

ideo quod,

id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Att. 3, 14, 2; cf. id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23:

ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes, Quod timui, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 26:

vel ideo, quod exercere potest utrimque judicium,

Quint. 10, 1, 131; 10, 5, 16.—

With quia:

ideo quia uxor ruri est,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 46; id. Men. 1, 1, 2; so,

ideo quia, introducing a reason,

Cic. de Off. 1, 30, 110:

ut mulieres ideo bene olere quia nihil olebant, videbantur,

Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1:

qui ideo felicia bella vestra esse, quia justa sint, prae vobis fertis,

Liv. 45, 22, 5; Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 3:

nec medicina ideo non erit ars, quia unctio... cum coquorum ei sit arte communis,

Quint. 2, 21, 11:

atque ideo nondum est perfectus orator, non solum quia aliud in alio magis eminet, sed quod non una omnibus forma placuit,

id. 12, 10, 2; id. 9, 2, 69:

competit enim actio, non ideo, quia nunc abest, sed quia umquam beneficio furis abfuit,

Dig. 47, 2, 47.—

With quoniam: ideo supervacaneum esse contendunt, quoniam comprehensibilis natura est, Cels. praef. med.:

quae omnia ideo noscenda sunt, quoniam, etc.,

id. 2, 19:

immo ideo magis propera, quoniam id nunc aggressus est,

Sen. Ep. 76; Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 200:

hoc ideo adjectum est, quoniam multa genera sunt missionum,

Dig. 3, 2, 2.—

With intentional particles, ut, ne, quo, quin.

With ut:

quas (alvos) ideo videntur medias facere angustissimas, ut figuram imitentur earum,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 15:

ideo C. Claudius Pulcher retulit, ut C. Verres posset auferre?

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 4, § 7:

hanc ideo rationem subjecimus, ut, etc.,

id. Inv. 2, 23, 70:

neque vero nunc ideo disputabo, quod hunc statum rei publicae non magnopere defendendum putem... sed, ut doceam Rullum, etc.,

id. Agr. 3, 2, 4:

quos non ideo excuso, quia non probem, sed ut sint magis admirabiles,

Quint. 10, 7, 31.—

With ne:

an ideo aliquid contra mulieres scripsit, ne, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 106:

ideoque decemviros conubium diremisse, ne, etc.,

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

non tamen omittenda, vel ideo, ne occupentur,

Quint. 4, 1, 33:

nec ideo Rhenum insedimus, ut Italiam tueremur, sed ne quis alius Ariovistus regno Galliarum potiretur,

Tac. H. 4, 73.—

With quo:

quod id ideo facerent, quo facilius deminuerent hostes,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 90 Müll. —

With quin:

non, quin breviter reddi responsum potuerit, non recipi reges, ideo potius delectos patrum ad eum missos, quam, etc., sed ut, etc.,

Liv. 2, 15, 2.—

Non ( nec) ideo, with conditional particle si, [p. 878] or referring to an abl. absol.: non, si non potuero indagare, eo ero tardior;

sed velocior ideo si quivero,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 5 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 18, 3:

vestrae sapientiae est, judices, non, si causa justa est viris fortibus oppugnandi M. Caelium, ideo vobis quoque vos causam putare esse justam, etc.,

Cic. Cael. 9, 21;

his et talibus recitatis,... non ideo Thrasea decessit sententia,

Tac. A. 14, 49:

si tamen tempestate fuerit abreptus, non ideo minus erit gubernator,

Quint. 2, 17, 24; 5, 11, 34.—

Absol. (rare):

te velle uxorem aiebat tuo nato dare, Ideo aedificare hoc velle aiebat in tuis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 34: ex illa investigatione naturae consequi volebat, bono ut esset animo. Ideo enim ille summum bonum euthumian appellat, etc., it was for this reason that, etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87:

ideo conducta Paulus agebat sardonyche,

Juv. 7, 143: nam ideo dictus eirôn, agens imperitum, Quint. 9, 2, 46:

nihil laboras: ideo, cum opus est, nihil habes,

Phaedr. 4, 23, 16; Quint. 5, 10, 2:

atque ideo ad Pompeium contendit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 11, 1:

me nemo ministro fur erit, atque ideo nulli comes exeo,

Juv. 3, 47; 7, 23; 8, 251 al.; so, ideoque, Quint. prooem. § 9; 25; 1, 4, 19; 1, 5, 42; 1, 6, 22 et saep.; cf.:

ideoque et medius ille orationis modus maxime convenit,

id. 6, 2, 19; 7, 4, 13:

videbat id sine rege Persarum non posse fieri, ideoque eum amicum sibi cupiebat adjungi,

Nep. Alc. 9, 5:

ideoque necesse est, etc.,

Lucr. 4, 490; 495; 678 al.; Suet. Caes. 45; 86 al.:

considerandum est, num cui saepius horum aliquid eveniat, neque ideo corporis ulla difficultas subsequatur,

Cels. 2, 2:

nec ideo iram ejus lenient = nec tamen ideo,

Tac. A. 1, 12; Verg. G. 2, 96; Suet. Aug. 45:

non tamen his ulla umquam opsonia fiunt rancidula, aut ideo pejor gallina secatur,

Juv. 11, 135.

purgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [contr. for purigo, from purum ago], to make clean or pure, to clean, cleanse, purify (class.).

Lit.:

oleam a foliis et stercore purgato,

Cato, R. R. 65, 1: cum falcibus purgarunt locum, cleared the place, freed it from bushes, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; Liv. 24, 19:

arva longis ligonibus,

Ov. P. 1, 8, 59:

domum muribus,

Phaedr. 1, 22, 3:

fossas,

Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 236:

proprios leniter ungues cultello,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 51: cana labra, i. e. to clear or free from beard, Mart. 9, 28, 5:

pisces,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 22:

segetes,

Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 241.— Absol.:

levi sarculo purgare,

Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 241.—Mid.:

purgor in amni,

wash, Sil. 8, 125.—

In partic., in medic. lang., to cleanse by stool, vomiting, etc., to purge:

quid scammoneae radix ad purgandum possit,

Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16; Cato, R. R. 157, 3:

si is, qui saepe purgatus est, subito habet alvum suppressam,

Cels. 2, 12:

qui purgor bilem sub verni temporis horam,

Hor. A. P. 302:

se helleboro,

Val. Max. 8, 7, 5 fin.:

se per inferna aut vomitione,

Plin. 25, 5, 21, § 51.—

Transf.

To make even by clearing away, to level, Inscr. Murat. 582 fin.; cf.:

purgare viam proprie dicitur ad libramentum proprium redigere, sublato eo quod supra eam esset,

Dig. 43, 11, 1, § 1.—

To clear away, remove:

rudera,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

vermes clavo aëneo,

Pall. 4, 10, 4:

lapides,

id. 3, 6:

sordes,

Claud. in Eutr. 1, 383; cf.:

scindit se nubes et in aethera purgat apertum,

melts away, Verg. A. 1, 587.—

In partic., in medicine, to remove or expel by purging, rinsing, etc., to heal, cure:

purgatum te illius morbi,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 27:

pituitas,

Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 188:

fastidium lauri folio,

id. 8, 27, 41, § 101:

suppurationes,

id. 23, 1, 16, § 24:

tarditatem aurium,

id. 23, 2, 28, § 59:

succus purgat cicatrices et nubeculas (oculorum),

id. 27, 12, 85, § 109.—

Trop., to cleanse, purify (syn. lustro).

In gen.:

pectora,

Lucr. 6, 24:

urbem,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10:

amplissimos ordines contaminatos veteri neglegentiā purgavit,

Suet. Vesp. 9:

rationes,

to clear up, settle, pay, id. Calig. 29.—

To clear away, remove:

metum doloris,

Quint. 12, 2, 3.—

In partic.

To clear from accusation, to excuse, exculpate, justify (syn. excuso):

ut me purgarem tibi,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 28:

QVIBVS DE REBVS VOS PVRGAVISTIS... QVOMQVE DE EIEIS REBVS SENATVEI PVRGATI ESTIS, S. C. de Tiburt. lin. 3 and 12 (ap. Grut. 499, 12): quod te mihi de Sempronio purgas, accipio excusationem,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 3:

cui se purgat,

id. Or. 29, 230:

ego me tibi purgo,

id. Fam. 15, 17, 1; so,

Caesarem de interitu Marcelli,

id. Att. 13, 10, 3:

si quis tibi se purgare volet, quod, etc.,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 35:

si parum vobis essem purgatus,

Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum, ne, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 1, 8; cf. id. B. G. 1, 28:

ea pars epistulae tuae, per quam te ac mores tuos mihi purgatos ac probatos esse voluisti,

Cic. Att. 1, 17, 7; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 12:

accedebant blanditiae virorum factum purgantium cupiditate atque amore,

Liv. 1, 9 fin.:

factum,

Ov. P. 3, 2, 24:

facinus,

Curt. 7, 5, 39; 5, 12, 8:

crimina,

to disprove, Cic. Clu. 1, 3; Liv. 38, 48, 14; cf.

probra,

Tac. A. 4, 42:

adulescentem crimine civilis belli,

to acquit, id. ib. 3, 17:

innocentiam suam,

to vindicate, Liv. 9, 26:

suspicionem,

to remove, id. 28, 43:

ea, quae ipsis obicerentur,

to refute, id. 8, 23:

purget miles, quod vicerit hostem,

Sil. 7, 510:

aliquem alicujus rei,

Liv. 37, 28:

se adversus alicujus criminationes purgare,

Suet. Caes. 55:

illi lacrimantes nunc purgare se,

Curt. 5, 10, 11.—With acc. and inf.:

laborare regem, ut purganti se nihil hostile dixisse aut fecisse, fides habeatur,

Liv. 42, 14:

qui purgarent nec accitos ab eo Bastarnas nec auctore eo quidquam facere,

id. 41, 19.—

To cleanse or purge from a crime or sin with religious rites, to make expiation or atonement for, to expiate, purify, atone for, lustrate, = expiare, lustrare ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

di patrii, purgamus agros, purgamus agrestes,

Tib. 2, 1, 17:

populos,

Ov. F. 4, 640:

myrtea verbena Romanos Sabinosque,

Plin. 15, 29, 36, § 119:

pontifices purgantes moenia,

Luc. 1, 593:

domus purgantur lustranturque,

Plin. 25, 9, 59, § 105. —With the crime or act as an object: nefas, Ov. M. 13, 952:

crimen gladio,

Luc. 8, 518; Vulg. Ecclus. 47, 13.—Hence, purgā-tus, a, um, P. a.

Cleansed, purified, pure ( poet.):

auris,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 7:

somnia pituitā purgatissima,

Pers. 2, 57:

purgatioris auri vena,

Mart. Cap. 1, § 7 (cf. Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 179).—

Excused, exculpated: ita fiducia quam argumentis purgatiores dimittuntur, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 310, 22, and ap. Don. Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 28.—

Pure, freed from sin (eccl. Lat.):

vota purgatiora, Aug. Civ. Dei, 6, 2: purgatissima ecclesia,

id. Doctr. Christ. 2, 16:

pietas,

id. Ver. Rel. 1. —Hence, adv.: purgātē, purely:

enucleate dicitur purgate, exquisite,

Non. 60, 5.