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1 establish a rate
Экономика: устанавливать курс, устанавливать норму, устанавливать ставку -
2 to establish a rate
см. determine a rateEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > to establish a rate
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3 to establish a rate
устанавливать ставку; устанавливать курс; устанавливать нормуEnglish-russian dctionary of diplomacy > to establish a rate
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4 rate
1. n1) норма; размер2) ставка, тариф; такса; расценка3) курс (валюты, ценных бумаг); цена4) скорость, темп5) процент, доля; коэффициент6) разряд, сорт7) местный налог; коммунальный налог
- accident rate
- accident frequency rate
- accounting rate
- accumulated earnings tax rate
- accumulated profits tax rate
- actuarial rate
- administered rate
- ad valorem
- advertising rate
- advertisement rate
- agreed rate
- air freight rates
- all-commodity rate
- all-in rate
- amortization rate
- annual rate
- annual average growth rate
- annual interest rate
- annualized rate of growth
- annual percentage rate
- annual production rate
- anticipated rate of expenditures
- any-quantity rate
- applicable rate
- area rate
- average rate
- average rate of return
- average annual rate
- average growth rate
- average tax rate
- average weighted rate
- backwardation rate
- baggage rate
- bank rate
- bank discount rate
- bank's repurchase rate
- base rate
- base lending rate
- basic rate
- rate rate of charge
- basing rate
- basis rate
- benchmark rate
- benchmark overnight bank lending rate
- berth rate
- bill rate
- birth rate
- blanket rate
- blended rate
- bond rate
- bonus rates
- borrowing rate
- bridge rate
- broken cross rates
- broker loan rate
- bulk cargo rate
- burden rate
- buyer's rate
- buying rate
- cable rates
- call rate
- call loan rate
- call money rate
- capacity rate
- capital gain rate
- capitalization rate
- carload rate
- carrier rate
- carrying over rate
- cash rate
- ceiling rate
- central rate
- cheque rate
- check rate
- class rate
- clearing rate
- closing rate
- collection rate
- column rate
- combination rate
- combination freight rate
- combination through rate
- combined rate
- commercial bank lending rates
- commission rate
- commitment rate
- commodity rate
- common freight rate
- compensation rate
- compound growth rate
- composite rate
- concessionary interest rate
- conference rate
- consumption rate
- container rate
- contango rate
- conventional rate
- conventional rate of interest
- conversion rate
- cost rate
- coupon rate
- credit rates
- cross rate
- cross-over discount rate
- crude rate
- curb rate
- currency rate
- current rate
- current rate of exchange
- customs rate
- cutback rate
- daily rate
- daily wage rate
- day rate
- death rate
- deck cargo rate
- default rate
- demand rate
- demurrage rate
- departmental overhead rate
- deposit rate
- deposit interest rate
- depreciation rate
- discharging rates
- discount rate
- dispatch rate
- distress rate
- dividend rate
- double exchange rate
- downtime rate
- drawdown rate
- drawing rate
- dual rate
- duty rate
- earned rate
- earning rate
- economic expansion rate
- economic growth rate
- effective rate
- effective rate of return
- effective annual rate
- effective exchange rate
- effective tax rate
- employment rate
- enrollment rate
- equalizing discount rate
- equilibrium exchange rate
- equilibrium growth rate
- estimated rate
- euro-dollar exchange rate
- evaluated wage rate
- exchange rate
- exchange rate to the dollar
- existing rates
- exorbitant rate
- exorbitant interest rate
- expansion rate
- expenditure rate
- export rate
- express rate
- extraction rate
- face interest rate
- failure rate
- fair rate of exchange
- favourable rate
- final rate
- financial internal rate of return
- fine rate
- first rate
- fixed rate
- fixed rate of exchange
- fixed rate of royalty
- fixed interest rate
- flat rate
- flexible exchange rate
- floating rate
- floating exchange rate
- floating interest rate
- floating prime rate
- floor rate of exchange
- fluctuant rate
- fluctuating rate
- forced rate of exchange
- foreign rate
- foreign exchange rate
- forward rate
- forward exchange rate
- free rate
- free exchange rate
- freight rate
- future rate
- general rates
- general rate of profit
- general cargo rates
- going rate
- going market rate
- going wage rates
- goods rate
- graduated rate
- group rate
- growth rate
- guaranteed wage rate
- handling rate
- high rate
- high rate of exchange
- high rate of productivity
- higher rate
- hiring rate
- hotel rates
- hourly rate
- hourly wage rate
- hurdle rate
- illness frequency rate
- import rate
- incidence rate
- income tariff rates
- increment rate
- individual tax rate
- inflation rate
- info rate
- inland rate
- insurance rate
- insurance premium rate
- interbank rate
- interbank overnight rate
- interest rate
- interest rate on loan capital
- internal rate of return
- job rates
- jobless rate
- key rates
- labour rates
- leading rate
- legal rate of interest
- lending rate
- less-than-carload rate
- liner rates
- liner freight rates
- loading rates
- loan rate
- loan-recovery rate
- local rate
- Lombard rate
- London Interbank Offered Rate
- London money rate
- long rate
- low rate
- lower rate
- margin rate
- marginal rate
- marginal tax rate
- marine rate
- marine transport rate
- market rate
- market rate of interest
- maximum rate
- maximum individual tax rate
- mean rate of exchange
- mean annual rate
- measured day rate
- members rate
- merchant discount rate
- minimum rate
- mixed cargo rate
- minimum lending rate
- minimum tax rate
- mobilization rate
- moderate rate
- monetary exchange rate
- money rate of interest
- money market rate
- monthly rate
- monthly rate of remuneration
- mortgage rate
- mortgage interest rate
- multiple rate
- multiple exchange rate
- municipal rates
- national rate of interest
- natural rate of growth
- natural rate of interest
- negative interest rate
- net rate
- New York interbank offered rate
- nominal interest rate
- nonconference rate
- nonresponse rate
- obsolescence rate
- occupational mortality rate
- offered rate
- official rate
- official rate of discount
- official exchange rate
- one-time rate
- opening rate
- open-market rates
- operating rate
- operation rate
- option rate
- ordinary rate
- output rate
- outstripping growth rate
- overdraft rate
- overhead rate
- overnight rate
- overtime rate
- paper rate
- parallel rate
- parcel rate
- par exchange rate
- parity rate
- par price rate
- part-load rate
- passenger rate
- pay rates
- pegged rate
- pegged exchange rate
- penalty rate
- penalty interest rate
- percentage rate of tax
- per diem rates
- personal income tax rate
- piece rate
- piecework rate
- port rates
- postal rate
- posted rate
- power rate
- preferential rate
- preferential railroad rate
- preferential railway rate
- present rate
- prevailing rate
- prime rate
- priority rates
- private rate of discount
- private market rates
- production rate
- profit rate
- profitability rate
- profitable exchange rate
- progressive rate
- proportional rate
- provisional rate
- purchase rates
- purchasing rate of exchange
- quasi-market rate
- rail rates
- railroad rates
- railway rates
- real economic growth rate
- real effective exchange rate
- real exchange rate
- real interest rate
- reciprocal rate
- redemption rate
- rediscount rate
- reduced rate
- reduced tax rate
- reduced withholding tax rate
- reference rate
- refinancing rate
- reject frequency rate
- remuneration rate
- renewal rate
- rental rate
- repo rate
- response rate
- retention rate
- retirement rate of discount
- royalty rate
- ruling rate
- sampling rate
- saving rate
- scrap frequency rate
- seasonal rates
- second rate
- sellers' rate
- selling rate
- settlement rate
- shipping rate
- short rate
- short-term interest rate
- sight rate
- single consignment rate
- soft lending rate
- space rate
- special rate
- specified rate
- spot rate
- stable exchange rate
- standard rate
- standard fixed overhead rates
- standard variable overhead rates
- standard wage rate
- statutory tax rate
- steady exchange rate
- step-down interest rate
- stevedoring rates
- stock depletion rate
- straight-line rate
- subsidized rate
- survival rate
- swap rate
- tariff rate
- tax rate
- taxation rate
- tax withholding rate
- telegraphic transfer rate
- temporary rate
- third rate
- through rate
- through freight rate
- time rate
- time wage rate
- today's rate
- top rate
- total rate
- trading rate
- traffic rate
- tramp freight rate
- transit rate
- transportation rate
- treasury bill rate
- turnover rate
- two-tier rate of exchange
- unacceptable rate
- unemployment rate
- uniform rates
- uniform business rate
- unofficial rate
- unprecedented rate
- utilization rate
- variable rate
- variable interest rate
- variable repo rate
- volume rate
- wage rate
- wage rate per hour
- wastage rate
- wear rate
- wear-out rate
- wholesale rate
- worker's rate
- year-end exchange rate
- zero interest rate
- zone rate
- rate for advances against collateral
- rate for advances on securities
- rate for cable transfers
- rate for a cheque
- rates for credits
- rates for currency allocations
- rate for loans
- rate for loans on collateral
- rate for mail transfers
- rate for telegraphic transfers
- rate in the outside market
- rate of accumulation
- rates of allocation into the fund
- rate of allowance
- rate of assessment
- rate of balanced growth
- rates of cargo operations
- rate of change
- rate of charge
- rate of commission
- rate of compensation
- rate of competitiveness
- rate of conversion
- rate of corporate taxation
- rate of cover
- rate of currency
- rates of currency allocation
- rate of the day
- rate of demurrage
- rate of dependency
- rate of depletion
- rate of deposit turnover
- rate of depreciation
- rate of development
- rate of discharge
- rate of discharging
- rate of discount
- rate of dispatch
- rate of duty
- rate of exchange
- rate of expenditures
- rate of expenses
- rate of foreign exchange
- rate of freight
- rate of full value
- rate of growth
- rate of increase
- rate of increment
- rate of inflation
- rate of input
- rate of insurance
- rate of interest
- rate of interest on advance
- rate of interest on deposits
- rate of investment
- rate of issue
- rates of loading
- rates of loading and discharging
- rate of natural increase
- rates of natural loss
- rate of option
- rate of pay
- rate of premium
- rate of price inflation
- rates of a price-list
- rate of production
- rate of profit
- rate of profitability
- rate of reduction
- rate of remuneration
- rate of return
- rate of return on capital
- rate of return on the capital employed
- rate of return on net worth
- rate of royalty
- rate of securities
- rate of stevedoring operations
- rates of storage
- rate of subscription
- rate of surplus value
- rate of taxation
- rate of turnover
- rate of unloading
- rate of use
- rate of wages
- rate of work
- rates on credit
- rate on the day of payment
- rate on the exchange
- rate per hour
- rate per kilometre
- at the rate of
- at the exchange rate ruling at the transaction date
- at a growing rate
- at a high rate
- at a low rate
- at present rates
- below the rate
- accelerate the rate
- advance the rate of discount
- align tax rates
- apply tariff rates
- boost interest rates
- boost long-term interest rates
- boost short-term interest rates
- charge an interest rate
- cut rates
- cut interest rates by a quarter point
- determine a rate
- establish a rate
- fix a rate
- grant special rates
- increase rates
- maintain high interest rates
- levy rates
- liberalize interest rates
- liberalize lending rates
- lower the rate of return
- mark down the rate of discount
- mark up the rate of discount
- prescribe rates
- quote a rate
- raise a rate
- reduce a rate
- reduce turnover rates of staff
- revise rates
- set rates
- slash interest rates
- step up the rate of growth
- suspend a currency's fixed rate
- upvalue the current rate of banknotes
- slow down the rate2. v1) оценивать, определять стоимость, устанавливать цену
- rate local and offshore funds -
5 rate
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6 rate
скорость имя существительное:пропорция (proportion, ratio, rate)глагол:тарифицировать (tariff, rate)ставить оценку (rate, grade) -
7 rate of descent
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > rate of descent
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8 to fix a rate
см. establish a rate -
9 at any rate
1) уст. любой ценой, во что бы то ни стало; при любых обстоятельствах (тж. at all rates)The surgeon... pronounced that the wound of Bucklaw, though severe and dangerous, was by no means fatal, but might readily be rendered so by disturbance and hasty removal. This silenced the numerous party of Bucklaw's friends, who had previously insisted that he should, at all rates, be transported from the castle to the nearest of their houses. (W. Scott, ‘The Bride of Lammermoor’, ch. XXXIV) — Врач... объявил, что, хотя рана Бакло глубока и опасна, она не смертельна, если его оставить в покое и не трогать с места. Это заявление положило конец неистовству друзей пострадавшего, настаивавших на том, что его следует во что бы то ни стало перенести из замка в дом одного из них.
2) во всяком случае; как бы там ни было; по меньшей мере, по крайней мереHe was then a relatively unknown quality - to Roosevelt, at any rate - but he was beginning to establish the identity which later became so clear... (R. E. Sherwood, ‘Roosevelt and Hopkins’, ch. VIII) — Уилки в то время был сравнительно мало известной величиной, во всяком случае для Рузвельта; но уже начинала сказываться его истинная сущность, позднее определившаяся вполне четко...
He has improved somewhat in manners at any rate. (UED) — Слава богу, хоть манеры-то у него немного улучшились.
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10 rates
ставки имя существительное:пропорция (proportion, ratio, rate)глагол:тарифицировать (tariff, rate)ставить оценку (rate, grade) -
11 field
1) поле
2) полевая
3) полевые
4) полукадр
5) прииск
6) <math.> тело
7) экспедиционный
8) область
9) корпоидальный
10) корпус
11) область рациональности
12) полевой
13) промысловый
14) эксплуатационный
– action field
– antenna field
– card field
– choking field
– coal field
– connecting field
– controlling field
– cross-connecting field
– cyclotomic field
– deflection field
– difference field
– electromagnetic field
– establish field
– extension field
– field adjustment
– field albedometer
– field assembly
– field astronomy
– field case
– field clamping
– field classification
– field coil
– field comparison
– field computation
– field copper
– field cultivator
– field current
– field description
– field distortion
– field emission
– field equation
– field excitation
– field experiment
– field extension
– field frame
– field frequency
– field glasses
– field inspection
– field ion emission
– field ion microscope
– field joint
– field killer
– field killing
– field laboratory
– field length
– field lens
– field magnet
– field mesh
– field modulation
– field of application
– field of constants
– field of force
– field of sets
– field oxide
– field party
– field pattern
– field pole
– field potential
– field reduction
– field resistance
– field rivet
– field sheet
– field sketch
– field sketching
– field source
– field spider
– field sprayer
– field station
– field strenght
– field strength
– field survey
– field sweep
– field telephone
– field test
– field theory
– field traverse
– field triangulation
– field tube
– field varistor
– field weld
– field windbreak
– field work
– force field
– gamma field
– gas field
– gold field
– hyper-real field
– in the field
– induction field
– inertia field
– interlaced field
– leakage field
– magnetic field
– multidifferential field
– non-commutative field
– oil field
– oil field administration
– ordered field
– prime field
– quotient field
– radiation field
– retarding field
– rotary field
– rotating field
– rotational field
– signal field
– skew field
– splitting field
– stray field
– translation field
– vortex field
automatic field damper — <electr.> автомат гашения поля
characteristic exponent of field — степень характеристики поля
circuital vector field — <electr.> поле вихревое
collapse of the magnetic field — исчезновение магнитного поля
field discharge switch — <electr.> автомат гашения поля
field form factor — <electr.> коэффициент поля
field of class two — поле второго класса, метабелево поле
field reject rate — частота обнаружения неработоспособных кристаллов в системе
field repetition rate — <phot.> частота полукадров
unified field theory — <phys.> теория поля единая, теория поля обобщенная
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12 тариф
муж. tariff;
rate запретительный тариф ≈ prohibitive tariff ""книжный"" тариф ≈ (тариф на почтовую бандероль) book rate амер.м. tariff, table of rates, rate;
багажный ~ baggage rate;
базисный ~ basing/basic rate;
высокий ~ high rate/charge;
гибкий ~ flexible tariff;
государственный ~ state/government tariff;
грузовой ~ freight rates, cargo tariff;
действующий ~ current льготный ~ (для массовых грузов) commodity rate;
максимальный ~ maximum tariff;
основной ~ standard rate;
особый ~ special tariff/rate;
почтовый ~ postal tariff;
промежуточный ~ bridge rate;
изменять ~ change (adapt) a tariff;
оплачивать по ~ам pay according to the rates;
отменять ~ abolish a tariff;
поднимать ~ raise a tariff/rate;
применять ~ к apply a tariff to;
снижать ~ reduce a tariff/rate;
устанавливать ~ы establish tariffs, prescribe rates;
в соответствии с ~ом according to tariff. -
13 base
̈ɪbeɪs I
1. сущ.
1) основа, основание;
базис to establish, set up a base ≈ создать базу advanced, forward, main base ≈ главное основание, главная причина Henry's charter was at once welcomed as a base for the needed reforms. ≈ Генрихова хартия была сразу единодушно воспринята как основа столь необходимых реформ.
2) база;
опорный пункт air, air-force base ≈ военно-воздушная база army, military base ≈ военная база missile base ≈ ракетная база naval base ≈ морская база
3) спорт место старта
4) "дом" (в играх) ;
база (в бейсболе) get to first base
5) подножие( горы)
6) архит. пьедестал, цоколь;
фундамент
7) хим. основание
8) грам. корень;
основа
9) полигр. ножка литеры;
колодка для клише;
фацетная доска
10) тех. база (один из тре х электродов транзистора)
11) геральдика нижняя часть щита
12) геом. основание
13) матем. основание (логарифма, степени, системы счисления) The base of our system of numeration is
10. ≈ Мы используем систему счисления с основанием 10, мы используем десятеричную систему счисления. ∙ change one's base power base be off one's base
2. гл.
1) базировать, размещать войска The American troops were based in Korea. ≈ Американские войска были расположены в Корее.
2) базировать, обосновывать;
основывать, строить base on base upon base oneself upon smth. Syn: found, ground II
1. прил.
1) низкий в моральном или социальном смысле а) низкий;
низменный, подлый, грязный Foolish sinners will submit to the basest servitude, and be attendants of swine. ≈ Неразумным грешникам достанется самая грязная работа, надзирать за свиньями в хлеву (комментарии Бекстера к евангелию от Луки) Syn: mean, low, ignoble б) низкого социального статуса или происхождения в) незаконнорожденный г) архаич. несвободный
2) о качестве металлов и сплавов а) неблагородный, простой, окисляющийся( о металлах) of base alloy б) смешанный( о сплаве благородного металла с неблагородным) ;
поддельный (сплавы благородных металлов с неблагородными использовались фальшивомонетчиками) They searched his pockets, and found all his copper was base. ≈ Они обыскали его и выяснили, что все его медные монеты были поддельные. base coin
3) юр. условный, неокончательно установленный
4) исходный, начальный, первоначальный base period
5) низкого роста, небольшого размера A crowd of monks with base foreheads. ≈ Толпа низколобых монахов.
6) низкокачественный, дрянной base Latin
2. гл., уст.
1) принижать;
ниспровергать, повергать ниц To base at the feet of his conqueror the crown which he came unjustly by. ≈ Положить к ногам своего победителя корону, которая досталась ему не по праву.
2) понижать в звании;
унижать Love weakens strength, and bases honour. ≈ Любовь лишает сил, и к тому же унижает.
3) разбавлять благородный металл каким-либо другим( в сплаве) III прил.;
уст.;
= bass IIIоснова, основание;
базис;
база;
низ, дно - mountain * подножие горы - * of the great pyramid основание великой пирамиды - * of the skull (анатомия) основание черепа - * of a leaf (ботаника) пазуха листа - * of a cloud, cloud * (метеорология) нижняя сторона /граница/ облака;
основание /базис/ облака основа, основание, основной момент, пункт - a sound * for reform прочное основание реформы - a clear * for action ясный план действий - to stand on a sound * стоять на твердой почве( о выводах и т. п.) - the * of his thought runs true основа его рассуждений верна база;
опорный пункт - air * военно-воздушная база - supply * база снабжения - the * of operations( военное) основной район опорных пунктов преим (военное) (стартовая) площадка - launching * стартовая позиция( ракеты) (военное) орудийная платформа (математика) основание (геометрической фигуры) (математика) основание (системы счисления логарифмов) (строительство) основание, донная часть;
фундамент (архитектура) пьедестал, цоколь - * of a statue пьедестал статуи (техническое) фундаментная плита;
основная рама (машины) ;
основная доска( прибора) (техническое) штатив (геология) подошва (тж. * surface) (геология) подстилающий слой, подстилающая порода (геодезия) базис (электротехника) цоколь (лампы) ;
изолирующее основание (рубильника и т. п.) (кинематографический) подложка( химическое) основание (полиграфия) ножка литеры, подставка клише основа (слова) (спортивное) место старта;
стартовая площадка или линия - home * цель, финиш( бейсбол) "дом" (в играх) (военное) дно снаряда;
запоясковая часть снаряда > off * (американизм) необоснованный, неуместный( об утверждении) ;
ошибающийся, заблуждающийся, далекий от истины;
врасплох, неожиданно - (to be) off one's * (быть) не в своем уме;
винтика не хватает - to get to first * (американизм) добиться первого /первоначального/ успеха (в чем-л.) - to reach home * успешно закончить дело основной, базисный;
фундаментальный базовый( специальное) основной - * rock (геология) основная порода - * pay (экономика) основная заработная плата;
(военное) основное денежное довольствие - * map рабочая схематическая карта - * circle( техническое) основная окружность( зубчатого зацепления) - * point (топография) основной ориентир - * piece( военное) основное орудие - * salary тарифная ставка (оплаты труда) базовый;
относящийся к базе - * camp базовый лагерь( альпинистов и т. п.) ;
центральный поселок( лесорубов и т. п.) - * depot( военное) базовый склад - * area (военное) район базирования - * area soldier( военное) (разговорное) тыловик - * hospital( военное) базовый госпиталь базисный - * year (экономика) базисный год - * time норма /норматив/ времени - * price( экономика) базисная цена( военное) донный - * charge донный заряд (авиация) наземный (on, upon) основывать, обосновывать - *d on experiment основанный на опыте, опирающийся на опыты - bank-notes *d on gold банкноты, обеспеченные золотом базировать, размещать войска (строительство) фундировать низкий, низменный, подлый - * act низкий поступок - * person подлая личность, гнусный тип - * ingratitude черная неблагодарность - * mind подлая душонка - of * descent низкого происхождения - from * motives из низменных побуждений нижний - B. Egypt( устаревшее) Нижний Египет низкий;
негромкий - * sound низкий звук( устаревшее) низкорослый, невысокий низкокачественный;
некачественный - a cheap and * imitation дешевая низкопробная подделка - * oil сырая нефть - * ore бедная руда фальшивый, неполноценный или низкого достоинства (о монете) зазорный - no needed service is to be looked upon as * всякий труд почетен неблагородный, окисляющийся (о металлах) низкопробный( о сплаве) простонародный, грубый, испорченный (о языке) - * Latin вульгарная /народная/ латынь - * langauge испорченный /засоренный/ язык;
грубые /похабные/ выражения (устаревшее) незаконный, незаконнорожденный - * son внебрачный сын (юридическое) преим. (историческое) принудительный;
рабский, крепостной - * tenure крепостная система землепользования - * service отработка, барщина - * estate низшее сословие;
крепостные крестьяне игра в бары (тж. prisoner's *)base уст. = bass ~ база;
опорный пункт ~ база ~ базировать, основывать;
to base oneself( upon smth.) опираться( на что-л.) ~ базис ~ "дом" (в играх) ;
игра в бары (тж. prisoner's base) ~ закладывать основание ~ исходный;
base period( year) исходный период( год) ~ грам. корень (слова) ~ спорт. место старта ~ неблагородный, простой, окисляющийся (о металлах) ;
of base alloy низкопробный ~ низкий;
низменный, подлый ~ полигр. ножка литеры;
колодка для клише;
фацетная доска ~ основа, основание;
базис ~ основа ~ хим. основание ~ основание ~ основание системы счисления ~ основывать ~ панель ~ подложка ~ подножие (горы) ~ архит. пьедестал, цоколь;
фундамент ~ юр. условный, неокончательно установленный~ a claim on обосновывать претензию~ coin неполноценная или фальшивая монета~ базировать, основывать;
to base oneself (upon smth.) опираться (на что-л.)~ исходный;
base period (year) исходный период (год) period: base ~ базисный период~ rate for deposit increase базисная ставка для увеличения вкладовbase уст. = bass bass: bass = bast ~ американская липа ~ бас ~ басовый, низкий;
bass clef басовый ключ;
bass drum турецкий барабан ~ окуньto be off one's ~ амер. разг. быть не в своем уме to be off one's ~ амер. разг. нелепо заблуждаться (about - в чем-л.)borrowing ~ база кредитованияclosed knowledge ~ замкнутая база знанийcost allocation ~ основа распределения затратdata ~ вчт. база данныхextrapolation ~ вчт. база экстраполяцииfact ~ вчт. база фактов( в экспертных системах)installed ~ вчт. парк установленного оборудованияinsulating ~ вчт. изолирующая подложкаknowledge ~ вчт. база знаний knowledge ~ база знанийmonetary ~ денежная база monetary ~ монетарная базаnumber ~ вчт. основание системы счисления~ неблагородный, простой, окисляющийся (о металлах) ;
of base alloy низкопробныйpopuleted data ~ вчт. наполненная база данныхrate ~ база для исчисления тарифаrule ~ вчт. база правилshareable data ~ вчт. общая база данныхtax ~ база налогообложения -
14 climb
accelerating climb procedureсхема ускоренного набора высотыacceleration climbнабор высоты с ускорениемall-engine-operating climbнабор высоты при всех работающих двигателяхangle of climbугол набора высотыbest climb angleоптимальный угол набора высотыbest rate of climbнаибольшая скороподъемностьclimb accelerationускорение при наборе высотыclimb awayуходить с набором высотыclimb corridorкоридор для набора высотыclimb curveтраектория набора высотыclimb downкратковременно снижатьсяclimb elementэтап набора высотыclimb fuelтопливо расходуемое на выбор высотыclimbing abilityскороподъемностьclimbing capacityскороподъемностьclimbing flightполет с набором высотыclimbing powerмощность, необходимая для набора высотыclimbing takeoffвзлет с крутым набором высотыclimbing testиспытание на скороподъемностьclimbing turnразворот с набором высотыclimb on the courseнабирать высоту при полете по курсуclimb outуходить с набором высотыclimb pathтраектория набора высотыclimb performancesхарактеристики скороподъемностиclimb scheduleграфик набора высотыclimb segmentучасток набора высотыclimb techniqueпорядок набора высотыclimb to ceilingнабор высоты до потолкаclimb to cruise operationнабор высоты до крейсерского режимаconstant climbустановившийся режим набора высотыconstant climb angleугол установившегося режима набора высотыcruise climbнабор высоты в крейсерском режимеcruise climb techniqueпорядок набора высоты на крейсерском режимеdiscontinued approach climbнабор высоты после прерванного захода на посадкуen-route climbнабор высоты на маршрутеen-route climb performanceхарактеристика набора высоты при полете по маршрутуen-route climb speedскорость набора высоты при полете по маршрутуentry into climbпереходить в режим набора высотыestablish climbустанавливать режим набора высотыfirst constant climbначальный этап установившегося набора высотыfirst constant climb angleугол начального участка установившегося режима набора высотыflaps-up climbing speedскорость набора высоты с убранными закрылкамиflaps-up climb speedскорость набора высоты с убранными закрылкамиflap-up climbнабор высоты с убранными закрылкамиin climbнабор высотыinitial climbначальный этап набора высотыinitial climb speedскорость первоначального этапа набора высотыinitial rate of climbначальная скороподъемностьin order to climbс целью набора высотыmake a climbвыполнять набор высотыmultistep climbмногоступенчатый набор высотыno-flap climb speedскорость набора высоты с убранными закрылкамиnonsteady climbнеустановившийся режим набора высотыnormal initial climbначальный этап стандартного набора высотыnormal initial climb operationнабор высоты на начальном участке установленной траекторииone-step climbодноступенчатый набор высотыproper climbнабор высоты по установившейся схемеrate of climbскороподъемностьspeed at takeoff climbскорость на начальном участке набора высоты при взлетеsteady rate of climbустановившаяся скорость набора высотыsteep climbнабор высоты по крутой траекторииstep climbступенчатый набор высотыtakeoff climbнабор высоты при взлетеtime to climb toвремя набора заданной высотыtop of climbконечный участок набора высотыtransit to the climb speedпереходить к скорости набора высотыvertical climbвертикальный набор высоты -
15 standard
1. сущ.1) упр. стандарт; норма; образец, эталон (характеристики, которым должен соответствовать продукт или процесс; принимаются внутри организации, в рамках отрасли или на международном уровне; могут иметь формальный или неформальных характер)to establish [set\] a standard — установить стандарт
to lower [raise\] standards — снижать [повышать\] требования
We have very high safety standards in this laboratory. — В этой лаборатории очень строгие правила техники безопасности.
Her technique became a standard against which all future methods were compared. — Ее техника стала стандартом, с которым сравнивали все последующие методы.
Most people agree that there are standards of behaviour which need to be upheld, but agreeing on them is rather more difficult. — Большинство людей считают, что существуют нормы поведения, которые стоит поддерживать, но прийти к согласию, каковы эти нормы, гораздо труднее.
Syn:See:advertising standards, African Regional Standard, basic standards, eco-standards, ethical standard, international standard, labour standard, performance standard, professional standard, quality standard, retention standard, service delivery standard, time standard, work standard, workmanship standard, standards department, International Accounting Standards, International Financial Reporting Standards2) общ. уровеньSee:3) комп. стандарт (технические характеристики какого-л. алгоритма, файла или ПО)See:4)а) общ. мераб) фин. (денежный) стандарт ( принцип организации расчетов в конкретной денежной системе)See:bimetallic standard, dollar standard, gold-dollar standard, gold exchange standard, gold standard, silver standard, monometallic standard5) тех. проба (золота, серебра)6) общ. знамя, штандартSyn:2. прил.1) общ. стандартный, типовой; общепринятый, традиционныйSee:2) учет нормативный, заданный, плановый (напр., о затратах, об объеме выпуска, о доходе, размер которых запланирован)See:standard cost, standard cost card, standard cost centre, standard costing, standard performance, standard level of output, standard price, standard bill of materials, standard direct labour cost, standard direct labour rate, standard direct materials cost, standard overhead cost, standard fixed overhead cost, standard manufacturing overhead cost, standard fixed manufacturing overhead rate, standard production cost, standard hour, standard materials usage, standard mix, standard quantity allowed, standard rate, standard time, actual* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов . -
16 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
17 ceiling
n1) максимум, предел, предельный уровень, потолок
- authorizations ceiling
- credit ceiling
- exchange rate ceiling
- full-employment ceiling
- interest rate ceiling
- investment ceiling
- lending ceiling
- price ceiling
- production ceiling
- rate-of-return ceiling
- retail price ceiling
- wage ceiling
- ceiling for foreign ownership
- ceiling on the growth of money supply
- establish a ceiling
- hit the ceiling
- impose a ceiling
- set a ceilingEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > ceiling
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18 communication
1) связь
2) шлемофонный
3) <commun.> связевый
4) коммуникация
5) сообщение
6) коммуникационный
– aeronautical communication
– air-to-ground communication
– center-to-point communication
– communication band
– communication cable
– communication channel
– communication circuit
– communication division
– communication engineering
– communication facilities
– communication facility
– communication helmet
– communication installation
– communication laser
– communication line
– communication network
– communication range
– communication receiver
– communication satellite
– communication session
– communication technician
– communication theory
– data communication
– digital communication
– emergency communication
– emergency-service communication
– establish communication
– establishment of communication
– fiber-optics communication
– global communication
– high-frequency communication
– integrated communication
– intersystem communication
– laser communication
– long-distance communication
– microwave communication
– multichannel communication
– noisy communication
– one-way communication
– packet communication
– point-to-center communication
– point-to-point communication
– private communication
– radio communication
– radio-relay communication
– space communication
– telephone communication
– two-way communication
– vehicular communication
– VHF UHF communication
– voice communication
fiber-optic communication link — волоконнооптическая линия связи
fiber-optics communication line — <commun.> линия связи волоконно-оптическая
fiber-optics communication system — <commun.> система связи волоконно-оптическая
meteor-burst communication system — <commun.> система связи метеорная
multichannel radio communication — многоканальная радиосвязь
multiprotocol communication controler — многопротокольный связной контроллер
remote communication multiplexor — удаленный мультиплексор передачи данных
repeater communication satellite — ретрансляционный связной спутник
ship-to-ship radio communication — радиосвязь между кораблями
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19 set
1. n комплект, набор; коллекцияin sets — в комплектах, в наборах
2. n сервиз3. n гарнитурtwin set — гарнитур, состоящий из жакета и джемпера
4. n комплект изданияa set of Pravda — комплект «Правды»
5. n серия, рядset of diagrams — ряд диаграмм, снятых одновременно
6. n совокупность7. n группа; составa poor set of players — плохая команда, плохие игроки
8. n набор, состав9. n компания, кругgambling set — картёжники, завсегдатаи игорных домов
10. n банда, шайка11. n театр. кино декорацияset designer — художник по декорациям; художник кинофильма
12. n кино съёмочная площадка13. n спец. прибор, аппарат; установка, агрегат14. n приёмник15. n фигура; последовательность фигурtest set — набор тестов; тестовая последовательность
16. n завивка и укладка волос17. n сюита духовной музыкиwords set to music — слова, положенные на музыку
18. n дор. брусчатка, каменная шашка19. n спорт. партия20. n спорт. сет21. n спорт. спорт. расстановка игроков22. n спорт. геол. свита23. n спорт. горн. оклад крепи24. n спорт. мат. множество25. n спорт. мат. семействоset of curves — семейство характеристик; семейство кривых
26. n спорт. полигр. гарнитура шрифта27. n тк. общие очертания, линияgeneral purpose shop set — комплект инструмента и оборудования ремонтной мастерской общего назначения
28. n строение; конфигурация; сложение29. n тк. g30. n направление31. n направленность; тенденция32. n психол. направленность, установка33. n наклон, отклонение34. n тк. поэт. заход, закатset agoing — пустил в ход; пущенный в ход
35. n музыкальный вечер36. n сад. молодой побег; завязь37. n с. -х. посадочный материал38. n с. -х. охот. стойка39. n с. -х. тех. разводка для пил, развод зубьев пилы, ширина развода40. n с. -х. тех. остаточная деформация41. n с. -х. тех. обжимка, державка42. n с. -х. полигр. толщина43. a неподвижный; застывший44. a определённый, твёрдо установленный, постоянныйset wage — твёрдый оклад, постоянная заработная плата
set on edge — устанавливать на ребро; установленный на ребро
set solid — текст, набранный с постоянным интерлиньяжем
set form — установленная форма; формуляр, бланк
45. a неизменный, постоянный; незыблемый46. a шаблонный; стереотипный47. a установленный48. a заранее установленный, оговорённый49. a упрямый, настойчивый; упорный50. a умышленный, преднамеренный51. a разг. готовый, горящий желаниемwe were set for an early morning start — мы подготовились к тому, чтобы выступить рано утром
52. a встроенный, прикреплённый53. v ставить, помещать, класть; положить, поставитьset the limit — устанавливать предел; положить конец
54. v обыкн. помещаться, располагатьсяa house set in a beautiful garden — дом, стоящий в прекрасном саду
a little town set north of London — маленький городок, расположенный к северу от Лондона
blue eyes set deep in a white face — голубые, глубоко посаженные глаза на бледном лице
set up — помещать, ставить, класть
set out — помещать, ставить, выставлять
55. v сажать, усаживать56. v насаживать, надевать57. v вставлять58. v направлять; поворачивать59. v иметь направление, тенденциюpublic opinion is setting with him — общественное мнение за него, общественное мнение складывается в его пользу
60. v подготавливать; снаряжать; приводить в состояние готовностиto set the stage for the application of a new method of therapy — подготовить почву для нового метода лечения
I was all set for the talk — я готовился к этому разговору; я знал, что меня ждёт этот разговор
set in order — приводить в порядок; исправлять
61. v устанавливать, определять, назначать62. v диал. ирон. часто идти, быть к лицуdo you think this bonnet sets me? — как вы думаете, идёт мне эта шляпка?
a man set in authority — лицо, облечённое властью
63. v редк. сидетьthe jacket sets badly — жакет плохо устанавливать, регулировать
64. v мор. пеленговать65. v стр. производить кладку66. программа поиска внеземного разумаСинонимический ряд:1. express (adj.) especial; express; special; specific2. fast (adj.) fast; secure; tenacious; tight3. fixed (adj.) bent; certain; common; customary; decided; decisive; determined; established; firm; fixed; habitual; intent; resolute; solid; stable; stated; stipulated; usual4. little (adj.) borne; ineffectual; limited; little; mean; narrow; paltry; small5. predetermined (adj.) foreordained; predetermined; prefixed; prescribed; resolved6. ready (adj.) prepared; primed; ready7. rigid (adj.) immovable; obstinate; relentless; rigid; stiff; stubborn; unyielding8. settled (adj.) confirmed; entrenched; ingrained; inveterate; settled9. situated (adj.) located; placed; positioned; sited; situate; situated10. bearing (noun) address; air; bearing; comportment; demeanor; deportment; mien; port; presence11. collection (noun) assemblage; assortment; collection; kit; outfit; pack; series12. gang (noun) circle; clique; crowd; gang13. gift (noun) aptness; bump; faculty; flair; genius; gift; head; knack; nose; talent; turn14. group (noun) array; batch; battery; body; bunch; bundle; circle; clique; clot; clump; cluster; clutch; company; coterie; crowd; faction; group; knot; lot; organisation; organization; parcel; passel; platoon; push; sect; sort; suite15. inclination (noun) appearance; aspect; attitude; bent; direction; disposition; inclination; position16. order (noun) category; class; classification; order17. scenery (noun) backdrop; decoration; mise-en-scene; scene; scenery; setting; stage; stage set; stage setting18. belong (verb) belong; fit; go19. brood (verb) brood; cover; hatch; incubate; sit20. call (verb) approximate; call; estimate; reckon21. coagulate (verb) clot; coagulate; gel; gelate; gelatinize; jell; jellify; jelly22. dictate (verb) decree; dictate; impose; lay down; ordain; prescribe23. dictated (verb) decreed; dictated; imposed; laid down; ordained; prescribed24. direct (verb) address; aim; aimed; cast; direct; head; incline; level; point; present; train; turn; zero in25. establish (verb) appoint; assign; determine; establish; fix; laid; lay; place; post; spread; station; stick; stuck26. fixed (verb) arrange; conclude; fixed; negotiate; settle27. harden (verb) cake; concrete; congeal; dried; dry; gelled; harden; indurate; petrified; solidified; solidify; stiffen; thicken28. incite (verb) abet; foment; incite; instigate; provoke; raise; set on; stir up; whip up29. install (verb) adjust; attune; calibrate; frame; install; mount; order; regulate; tune30. put (verb) locate; position; put; site; situate31. sink (verb) decline; dip; go down; sink; wane32. value (verb) evaluate; price; prize; rate; value33. went (verb) bet; betted; gamble; game; play; put on; risk; stake; venture; wager; wentАнтонимический ряд:approximate; disorder; loosen; melt; mollify; mount; move; rise; run; soar; soften; stir; uncertain; unstable; variable -
20 policy
̈ɪˈpɔlɪsɪ I сущ.
1) а) политика, линия поведения, установка, курс to adopt, establish, formulate, set a policy ≈ принимать курс, устанавливать политику to adhere to, follow, pursue a policy ≈ следовать политике, держать курс, проводить политику to carry out, implement a policy ≈ проводить политику to form, shape a policy ≈ вырабатывать политику cautious policy ≈ осмотрительная, осторожная политика clear, clear-cut policy ≈ четкий политический курс conciliatory policy ≈ примиренческая политика deliberate policy ≈ обдуманная, взвешенная политика economic policy ≈ экономическая политика established, set policy ≈ установленная политика firm policy ≈ твердая политика flexible policy ≈ гибкая политика foolish policy ≈ недальновидная политика foreign policy ≈ внешняя политика friendly policy ≈ дружественная политика government, public policy ≈ политика правительства long-range, long-term policy ≈ долгосрочная политика military policy ≈ военная политика monetary policy ≈ денежная политика national policy ≈ национальная политика official policy ≈ официальная политика open-door policy ≈ политика открытых дверей personnel policy ≈ кадровая политика prudent policy ≈ разумная, предусмотрительная политика rigid policy ≈ твердая, жесткая политика scorched-earth policy ≈ воен. тактика выжженной земли short-range, short-term policy ≈ краткосрочная политика sound, wise policy ≈ здравая, мудрая политика tough policy ≈ жесткий политический курс, твердая политика wait-and-see policy ≈ политика выжидания It is our established policy to treat everyone fairly. ≈ У нас принято со всеми обращаться справедливо. It is company policy that all workers be/should be paid according to the same criteria. ≈ Политика компании состоит в том, чтобы все сотрудники получали зарплату на общих основаниях. bridge-building policy ≈ политика наведения мостов б) искусство управлять Syn: statecraft, diplomacy
2) благоразумие, политичность;
ловкость, хитрость In this case he was actuated by policy rather than by sentiment. ≈ На этот раз он руководствовался благоразумием, а не чувствами. Syn: prudence, sense
3) шотланд. парк (вокруг усадьбы) II сущ.
1) страховой полис to take out a policy ≈ получать страховой полис to issue, write up a policy ≈ выдавать, выписывать страховой полис to reinstate a policy ≈ восстанавливать страховой полис to cancel a policy ≈ аннулировать страховой полис endowment policy homeowner's policy insurance policy lifetime policy term policy
2) а) амер. род азартной игры, лотерея( построенная по принципу угадывания чисел) б) число, комбинация чисел (в азартной игре) Syn: number политика - home /internal, domestic/ * внутренняя политика - foreign * внешняя политика - long-range * долгосрочная политика - wait-and-see * выжидательная политика - give-and-take * политика взаимных уступок - kid-glove * умеренная /осторожная/ политика - big stick * (американизм) политика "большой дубинки" - ostrich * политика, основанная на самообмане - laissez-faire * политика (государственного) невмешательства (в экономику) - open-door * политика открытых дверей - procrastination * политика проволочек - "scorched-earth" * политика /тактика/ выжженной земли - carrot and stick * политика кнута и пряника - position-of-strength * политика (с позиции) силы - * of neutrality политика нейтралитета - * of pin-pricks политика булавочных уколов - brink-of-war *, * of brinkmanship( американизм) политика балансирования на грани войны - for reasons of * по политическим соображениям - to follow /to pursue, to conduct, to carry out/ a * проводить политику политика, линия поведения, курс;
установка;
стратегия - * authority директивный орган - their * is to satisfy the customers их цель - удовлетворить клиентов - honesty is the best * честность - лучшая политика - it is a poor * to promise more than you can do плохо обещать больше, чем можешь сделать система;
методика;
правила - all-in and all-out * (сельскохозяйственное) система использования( птичника) с однократным заполнением и последующей однократной реализацией птицы - feeding * (сельскохозяйственное) система кормления - first-in-first-out * очередность обслуживания в порядке поступления политичность, благоразумие - the * of such a course is doubtful разумность подобного курса сомнительна хитрость, ловкость проницательность;
дальновидность;
практичность;
предусмотрительность - he was actuated by * rather than sentiment он больше руководствовался практическими соображениями, нежели чувствами часто pl (шотландское) парк (при усадьбе или поместье) (редкое) правление;
правительство страховой полис - open * невалютированный полис - floating /running/ * генеральный полис - life (insurance) * полис страхования жизни - to issue /to draw up, to make out/ a * оформить полис( американизм) род азартной игры (в числа) - * shop место, где делаются ставки в этой игре accounting ~ общие принципы отражения хозяйственных операций в учете accounting ~ учетная политика adjustment ~ политика направленая на обеспечение трудоустройства (лиц, теряющих работу в результате структурных изменений в экономике) agricultural ~ аграрная политика alcohol ~ алкогольная политика (акциз, разрешение или запрещение производства, торговли и т. п.) all-in ~ универсальный страховой полис annuity insurance ~ договор страхования ренты antiinflationary ~ полит.эк. антиинфляционная политика austerity ~ полит.эк. политика строгой экономии banker ~ банковский страховой полис banking ~ политика банка bearer ~ полис на предъявителя blanket ~ генеральный полис blanket ~ полис, покрывающий все страховые случаи block ~ постоянный полис borrowing ~ кредитная политика capital contribution ~ полис страхования капиталов capital insurance ~ полис страхования капитала cargo ~ фрахтовый полис cheap money ~ политика низких процентных ставок coalition ~ политика сотрудничества collective bargaining ~ правила ведения переговоров о заключении коллективного договора commercial ~ торговая политика compensatory fiscal ~ компенсационная финансовая политика comprehensive household ~ полис комбинированного страхования квартиры и имущества comprehensive ~ полис комбинированного страхования consolidation ~ политика слияния consumer ~ политика в области защиты потребителей consumer ~ потребительская политика contractionary fiscal ~ жесткая финансово-кредитная политика contractionary fiscal ~ жесткая фискальная политика conversion ~ полис, предусматривающий возможность изменения страховой ответственности credible ~ политика, заслуживающая доверия credit ~ кредитная политика criminal ~ уголовная полиция currency ~ валютная политика data ~ политика в области информационной технологии dear-money ~ ограничение кредита путем повышения процентных ставок declaration ~ генеральный страховой полис development ~ политика развития (политический курс направленный на преимущественное развитие тех или иных областей) discount rate ~ политика регулирования учетных ставок discretionary fiscal ~ дискреционная финансовая политика dividend ~ дивидендная политика domestic ~ внутреняя политика easy monetary ~ политика "дешевых" денег easy money ~ политика "дешевых" денег economic ~ экономическая политика educational ~ политика в области образования employment ~ политика обеспечения занятости endowment ~ страхование на дожитие до определенного возраста environmental ~ экологическая политика exchange ~ валютная политика expansionary fiscal ~ экспансионистская финансово-бюджетная политика expansionary fiscal ~ экспансионистская фискальная политика expansionist monetary ~ экспансионистская денежно-кредитная политика external monetary ~ внешняя кредитно-денежная политика fidelity ~ полис страхования от финансовых потерь, связанных со злоупотреблениями служащих компании financial ~ финансовая политика fiscal ~ финансовая политика fiscal ~ финансово-бюджетная политика fiscal ~ фискальная политика fisheries ~ политика в области рыболовства fleet ~ морской полис floating ~ генеральный или постоянный полис floating ~ генеральный полис for reasons of ~ по политическим соображениям;
tough policy твердая политика foreign exchange ~ валютная политика foreign trade ~ политика в области внешней торговли free ~ бесплатный полис global ~ глобальный страховой полис grant a ~ выдавать страховой полис group ~ групповой полис growth ~ стратегия развития householder's comprehensive ~ страх. полис страхования нескольких видов домашнего имущества по одному договору hull ~ мор. страх. полис страхования корпуса судна immigrant ~ иммиграционная политика income distribution ~ политика распределения доходов incomes ~ политика в области контроля доходов index-linked ~ индексированный страховой полис individual ~ личный страховой полис industrial development ~ политика индустриального развития industrial ~ промышленная политика innovation ~ политика перемен insurance ~ договор страхования insurance ~ страховой полис insurance ~ amount сумма страхового полиса insurance ~ number номер страхового полиса interest rate ~ политика в области ставок процента internal ~ внутренняя политика inventory ~ политика управления запасами investment ~ инвестиционная политика isolation ~ политика изоляции issue a ~ выдавать страховой полис joint lives ~ полис совместного страхования жизни joint lives ~ полис страхования жизни двух или более лиц labour market ~ политика рынка труда laissez-faire ~ политика невмешательства государства в экономику laissez-faire ~ политика свободного предпринимательства land use ~ политика землепользования lapsed ~ полис, действие которого прекращено досрочно last survivor ~ полис лица, дожившего до определенного возраста legal ~ правовая политика lending ~ кредитная политика liberal trade ~ политика свободной торговли life annuity ~ полис пожизненной ренты life ~ полис страхования жизни liquidity ~ политика ликвидности loan against ~ ссуда под полис loan ~ кредитная политика loss ~ полис страхования от потерь management ~ политика руководства manpower ~ кадровая политика marine insurance ~ полис морского страхования marine ~ полис морского страхования marketing ~ политика в области сбыта marketing ~ стратегия в области сбыта master ~ групповой полис migration policies политика в вопросах миграции рабочей силы mixed ~ смешанный полис moderate ~ осторожная политика monetary ~ валютная политика monetary ~ денежно-кредитная политика monetary ~ монетарная политика mortgage protection ~ полис страхования погашения ипотечной задолженности national ~ государственная политика neutrality ~ политика нейтралитета nonalignment ~ политика неприсоединения obstructive ~ обструкционная политика omnium ~ страховой полис на общую сумму open ~ невалютированный полис, полис без указания стоимости предмета страхования open ~ невалютированный полис open ~ нетаксированный полис open-door ~ политика открытых дверей original ~ основной полис paging ~ вчт. алгоритм замещения страниц paid-up ~ оплаченный страховой полис ~ политика;
peace policy политика мира, мирная политика personal accident ~ полис личного страхования от несчастного случая personal accident ~ полис персонального страхования от несчастного случая personnel ~ кадровая политика policy вчт. алгоритм распределения ресурса ~ благоразумие, политичность;
хитрость, ловкость ~ курс ~ линия поведения ~ методика ~ шотл. парк (вокруг усадьбы) ~ поведение ~ полис (страховой) ~ политика, линия поведения, установка, курс ~ политика;
peace policy политика мира, мирная политика ~ политика ~ правила ~ амер. род азартной игры ~ вчт. стратегия ~ стратегия ~ страховой полис ~ страховой полис ~ of compromise политика компромиссов ~ of court судебная практика ~ of fiscal and monetary restraints политика финансовых и денежно-кредитных ограничений ~ of law правовая политика ~ of low interest rates политика низких процентных ставок ~ of violence политика насилия premium ~ полис с уплатой страховых взносов price ~ ценовая политика prices ~ политика цен pricing ~ политика ценообразования public ~ государственная политика reallotment ~ политика перераздела земли reform ~ политика реформ refugee ~ эмиграционная политика regional ~ региональная политика restrictive monetary ~ ограничительная денежно-кредитная политика restrictive monetary ~ ограничительная монетарная политика restrictive ~ политика ограничения restrictive ~ политика сдерживания restrictive trade ~ политика ограничения торговли retrenchment ~ политика экономии savings insurance ~ договор страхования сбережений security ~ вчт. стратегия защиты security ~ стратегия обеспечения безопасности service ~ вчт. стратегия обслуживания short-term economic ~ краткосрочная экономическая политика short-term ~ краткосрочная политика single-premium life ~ полис страхования жизни с единовременным страховым взносом single-premium ~ полис с единовременным страховым взносом social development ~ политика социального развития social ~ социальная политика solidary pay ~ политика платежей с солидарной ответственностью stabilization ~ политика стабилизации stabilization ~ политика стабилизации валюты stabilization ~ политика стабилизации цен stabilization ~ политика стабилизации экономической конъюнктуры stabilization ~ стратегия экономической стабилизации staff ~ кадровая политика stationary ~ вчт. стационарная стратегия structural ~ структурная политика subvention ~ политика в области субсидий supplementary ~ дополнительный полис supply-side ~ политика в области предложения survivorship ~ страховой полис пережившего супруга systematic ~ согласованная политика tax ~ налоговая политика taxation ~ политика налогообложения ticket ~ типовой полис tight money ~ жесткая кредитная политика tight money ~ политика дорогого кредита time ~ полис на срок time ~ срочный полис, полис страхования на срок for reasons of ~ по политическим соображениям;
tough policy твердая политика tough: ~ policy полит. жесткий курс;
a tough problem трудноразрешимая проблема trade ~ торговая политика translation ~ политика в области обменного курса валют turnover ~ полис страхования товарооборота uniform accounting ~ единая методика бухгалтерского учета unvalued ~ невалютированный полис unvalued ~ нетаксированный полис valued ~ валютированный полис valued ~ таксированный полис wage ~ политика в области зарплаты wage ~ политика в области оплаты труда wage restraint ~ политика сдерживания роста заработной платы wager ~ азартный полис whole-life ~ полис пожизненного страхования на случай смерти worldwide ~ глобальная политика worldwide ~ мировая политика youth ~ молодежная политика
См. также в других словарях:
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