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21 вещество
agent, material, matter, medium, stuff, substance* * *вещество́ с.
substance, material, matterобразу́ющееся в результа́те реа́кции вещество́ определя́ется … — the resultant substance is determined …проходи́ть че́рез вещество́ — traverse the materialабсорби́руемое вещество́ — absorbateабсорби́рующее вещество́ — absorbentагглютини́рующее вещество́ — agglutinating matterадсорби́руемое вещество́ — adsorbateадсорби́рующее вещество́ — adsorbentактиви́рованное вещество́ — activated materialактиви́рующее вещество́ — activating agentакти́вное вещество́ — active substance, active matterакти́вное, опти́чески вещество́ — optically active substanceакти́вное, эмити́рующее вещество́ — active emitting materialа́льфа-(радио)акти́вное вещество́ — alpha-(radio)active substanceамо́рфное вещество́ — amorphous substanceамфоте́рное вещество́ — amphoteric substanceанизотро́пное вещество́ — anisotropic substanceантипе́нное вещество́ — anti-foam (agent), anti-foam substanceбе́та-(радио)акти́вное вещество́ — beta-(radio)active substanceбу́ферное вещество́ — bufferвзве́шенное вещество́ — suspended matterвзрывоопа́сное вещество́ — explosive materialвзрывча́тое вещество́ — explosive, blasting agentзакла́дывать взры́вчатое вещество́ в сква́жину — load a charge in a drill-holeзаряжа́ть взры́вчатое вещество́ в сква́жину — charge a drill-hole with an explosiveосуществля́ть забо́йку взры́вчатого вещества́ — stem [confine, tamp] an explosiveпредохрани́тельность взры́вчатого вещества́ по пы́ли, га́зу и т. п. — safety of an explosive in dusty, gaseous mines, etc.взры́вчатое, бриза́нтное вещество́ — high explosiveвзры́вчатое, водонапо́лненное вещество́ — explosive slurryвзры́вчатое, детони́рующее вещество́ — detonating explosiveвзры́вчатое вещество́ для го́рных рабо́т — mining explosiveвзры́вчатое, иниции́рующее вещество́ — priming explosiveвзры́вчатое, металлизи́рованное вещество́ — metallized blasting agentвзры́вчатое, пласти́чное вещество́ — gelatin explosiveвзры́вчатое, порошкообра́зное вещество́ — blasting powderвзры́вчатое, предохрани́тельное вещество́ — permissible explosiveвзры́вчатое, сыпу́чее вещество́ — free flowing explosiveвзры́вчатое, эквивале́нтное вещество́ — equal-strength explosiveвкусово́е вещество́ — flavouring agentводоумягча́ющее вещество́ — water softenerвозбужда́ющее вещество́ — stimulantвспе́нивающее вещество́ — ( пенообразователь) foaming agent; ( во флотации) frothing agent, frotherвспу́чивающее вещество́ — bloating agentвулканизи́рующее вещество́ — vulcanizing agentвы́рожденное вещество́ — degenerate matterвысокомолекуля́рное вещество́ — high-molecular [macromolecular] substanceвысокорадиоакти́вное вещество́ — highly radioactive [“hot”] materialвя́жущее вещество́ — binder, binding materialвя́жущее, асфа́льтовое вещество́ — asphalt cementвя́жущее, гли́нистое вещество́ — clay binderгазообра́зное вещество́ — gaseous substanceга́мма-(радио)акти́вное вещество́ — gamma-(radio)active substanceгольево́е вещество́ кож. — hide substance, hide matterгорю́чее вещество́ — combustibleдегидрати́рующее вещество́ — dehydrating agent, dehydrator, dehydrantдезинфекцио́нное вещество́ — disinfectant agentде́лящееся вещество́ — fissible [fissionable] material, fissible [fissionable] substanceде́лящееся, поро́говое вещество́ — threshold fissible [fissionable] materialдиамагни́тное вещество́ — diamagnetic materialдисперги́рующее вещество́ — continuous phase (e. g., in colloids)диспе́рсное вещество́ — disperse(d) material; disperse phase (e. g., in colloids)дубя́щее вещество́ — tanning agentе́дкое вещество́ — caustic substanceзагрязня́ющее вещество́ — contaminantжи́дкое вещество́ — liquid substanceжирово́е вещество́ — fatty matterзамедля́ющее вещество́1. кфт. restrainer2. яд. физ. moderating [stopping] material, moderatorзвё́здное вещество́ — stellar matter, stellar materialизомо́рфное вещество́ — isomorphous substanceизотро́пное вещество́ — isotropic substanceинкрусти́рующее вещество́ — incrusting matterиноро́дное вещество́ — foreign matter, foreign materialиссле́дуемое вещество́ — investigated material, material under investigationистира́ющее вещество́ — abrasiveисхо́дное вещество́ — source [parent] material; пласт. starting materialканцероге́нное вещество́ — carcinogenic [cancer-producing] substanceкапилля́рно-акти́вное вещество́ — capillary active substanceкле́йкое вещество́ — adhesive (substance)кле́ящее вещество́ — sizing agentко́жевое вещество́ — leather substanceконденси́рованное вещество́ — condensed (solid or liquid) substanceконсерви́рующее вещество́ — preservative agentконта́ктное вещество́ — contact agentкра́сящее вещество́ — colouring matterкра́сящее, приро́дное вещество́ — natural dye-stuffкристалли́ческое вещество́ — crystalline substance, crystalline matterвещество́ ла́зера, акти́вное — laser material, laser mediumвещество́ ла́зера, рабо́чее — working laser material, working laser mediumлеги́рующее вещество́ — doping materialлету́чее вещество́ — volatile matterлу́нное вещество́ — lunar materialлюминесце́нтное вещество́ — luminescent materialмагни́тно-мя́гкое вещество́ — magnetically soft materialмагни́тно-твё́рдое вещество́ — magnetically hard materialвещество́ ма́зера, акти́вное — maser material, maser mediumвещество́ ма́зера, рабо́чее — working maser material, working maser mediumмати́рующее вещество́ — mat substanceмежволоко́нное вещество́ — interfibrillary substanceмежгалакти́ческое вещество́ — intergalactic material, intergalactic matterмежзвё́здное вещество́ — interstellar material, interstellar matterмежплане́тное вещество́ — interplanetary material, interplanetary matterметео́рное вещество́ — meteoric material, meteoric matterминера́льное вещество́ — mineral substanceмо́ющее вещество́ — detergent, cleansing agentнамагни́ченное вещество́ — magnetized materialнедубя́щее вещество́ — non-tanning substanceнейтрализу́ющее вещество́ — neutralizerнеомыля́емое вещество́ — unsaponifiable matterнеоргани́ческое вещество́ — inorganic matterнераствори́мое вещество́ — insoluble matterобеднё́нное вещество́ — depleted materialобезво́живающее вещество́ — dehydrating agentобезжи́ривающее вещество́ — degreasing agentобесцве́чивающее вещество́ — discolouring agentобогащё́нное вещество́ — enriched materialогнеопа́сное вещество́ — брит. inflammable; амер. flammableогнесто́йкое вещество́ — fire-proof agentодноро́дное вещество́ — homogeneous substanceокисля́ющее вещество́ — oxidizing agent, oxidizer, oxidantокра́шивающее вещество́ — colouring agentомыля́емое вещество́ — saponifiable matterоргани́ческое вещество́ — organic matterосажда́ющее вещество́ — precipitating [flocculating] agent, precipitantосно́вное вещество́ — base materialосуша́ющее вещество́ — drying agent, desiccantотбе́ливающее вещество́ — bleaching agent, bleacherотбе́ливающее, опти́ческое вещество́ — optical bleaching agentотвержда́ющее вещество́ — hardenerотоща́ющее вещество́ — thinning agentотрабо́тавшее вещество́ — depleted materialотравля́ющее вещество́ — toxic agentотравля́ющее, сто́йкое вещество́ — persistent toxic agentотража́ющее вещество́ — reflecting materialохлажда́ющее вещество́ — coolant, cooling agentочища́ющее вещество́ — purifierпарамагни́тное вещество́ — paramagnetic materialпаху́чее вещество́ — odorous materialпенообразу́ющее вещество́ ( во флотации) — frothing agent, frotherпервонача́льное вещество́ — source [parent] materialпита́тельное вещество́ — nutrient (substance)плёнкообразу́ющее вещество́ — film-forming substance, film-forming materialплёнкообразу́ющее, натура́льное вещество́ — natural film-forming substanceплёнкообразу́ющее, непревраща́емое вещество́ — untrasformable film-forming substanceплёнкообразу́ющее, превраща́емое вещество́ — transformable film-forming substanceплёнкообразу́ющее, синтети́ческое вещество́ — synthetic film-forming substanceплёнкообразу́ющее, термопласти́чное вещество́ — thermoplastic film-forming substanceплёнкообразу́ющее, термореакти́вное вещество́ — thermosetting film-forming substanceпове́рхностно-акти́вное вещество́ — surface-active substance, surfactantпове́рхностно-акти́вное, анионоакти́вное вещество́ — anionic surfactantпове́рхностно-акти́вное, катионоакти́вное вещество́ — cationic surfactantпове́рхностно-акти́вное, мылоподо́бное вещество́ — soap-like surfactantпове́рхностно-акти́вное, неионоге́нное вещество́ — non-ionic surfactantпове́рхностно-неакти́вное вещество́ — surface-inactive substanceполикристалли́ческое вещество́ — polycrystalline materialполуколло́идное вещество́ — semi-colloidal productполя́рное вещество́ — polar substanceпорообразу́ющее вещество́ — pore-forming materialпосторо́ннее вещество́ — foreign matter, foreign material, extraneous agentпреломля́ющее вещество́ — refracting materialприпы́ливающее вещество́ метал. — powder, dust, parting mediumпрозра́чное вещество́ — transparent materialпропи́тывающее вещество́ — impregnantпропи́тывающее вещество́ для прида́ния влагопро́чности — wet-strengthening impregnantпросве́чивающееся вещество́ — translucent materialпросто́е вещество́ — elementary substanceпротивовуали́рующее вещество́ кфт. — anti-fogging agentпротивогни́лостное вещество́ — anti-rot substanceпротивокоррозио́нное вещество́ — corrosion inhibitorпротивоосажда́ющее вещество́ — anti-settling agentрабо́чее вещество́ — working medium, working substanceрадиоакти́вное вещество́ — radioactive substance, radioactive materialразбавля́ющее вещество́ — diluentразжижа́ющее вещество́ (напр. для красок, лаков) — thinning agentразъеда́ющее вещество́ — corrosive substanceраспада́ющееся вещество́ — decaying substanceрассе́ивающее вещество́ — scattering substance, scattering materialрастворё́нное вещество́ — soluteраствори́мое вещество́ — soluble substanceрастворя́ющее вещество́ — solventрасти́тельное вещество́ — vegetable substanceрасщепля́емое вещество́ — fissionable materialреаги́рующее вещество́ — reacting agent, reactantсамовоспламеня́ющееся вещество́ — self-igniting substanceсверхпроводя́щее вещество́ — superconductive materialсвязу́ющее вещество́ — binder, binding materialсгуща́ющее вещество́ — thickenerсенсибилизи́рующее вещество́ — sensitizerскле́ивающее вещество́ — adhesiveсма́зочное вещество́ — lubricantсма́зочное, полужи́дкое вещество́ — paste lubricantсма́чивающее вещество́ — wetting agentсо́лнечное вещество́ — solar material, solar matterсорби́рующее вещество́ — sorbentсохраня́ющее вещество́ кфт. — preservativeстабилизи́рующее вещество́ — stabilizing substanceсухо́е вещество́ — dry substanceсу́шащее вещество́ — drying agentтвё́рдое вещество́ — solid (matter), solid substanceтермосенсибилизи́рующее вещество́ — thermal-sensitizing agentтормозя́щее вещество́ яд. физ. — stopping substanceувлажня́ющее вещество́ — moistening agentускоря́ющее вещество́ — acceleratorферромагни́тное вещество́ — ferromagnetic materialфикси́рующее вещество́ — fixing agentфлюоресци́рующее вещество́ — fluorescent substance, fluorescent materialфосфоресци́рующее вещество́ — phosphorescent substance, phosphorescent materialхелати́рующее вещество́ — chelating agentцветосдвига́ющее вещество́ — colour shifterцементи́рующее вещество́1. ( скрепляющее) cement, bond2. метал. carbonizerчи́стое вещество́ — pure [individual] substanceэкстраги́руемое вещество́ — extractable (substance)экстракти́вное вещество́ — extractive (substance)эмити́рующее вещество́ — emitting materialэтало́нное вещество́ — reference substance -
22 материал
fabric, absorbent material, material, matter, medium, stuff, substance* * *материа́л м.1. material2. ( сырьё) stockабрази́вный материа́л — abrasive (material)классифици́ровать абрази́вный материа́л (напр. методом ситового анализа) — grade an abrasive (material) (e. g., by the use of screens or sieves)автокла́вный материа́л — steam-cured [steam(-and-pressure) cured] materialагломери́рованный материа́л — sintered materialакти́вный материа́л — active material1. ( для лазеров) laser [lasing] material, laser [lasing] mediumвыра́щивать акти́вный материа́л (напр. из расплава) — grow a laser material (e. g., from melt)2. ( для мазеров) maser [masing] material, maser [masing] mediumакусти́ческий материа́л — acoustical materialамортизи́рующий материа́л — damping materialанизотро́пный материа́л — anisotropic materialантикоррозио́нный материа́л — anticorrosive materialасбе́стовый руло́нный материа́л — asbestos blanketасбестоцеме́нтный материа́л — cementitious [asbestos-cement] materialби́тумный материа́л — asphaltic material, asphaltic productбуто́вочный материа́л — fillerвиброизоляцио́нный материа́л — vibrated insulating materialвоздухововлека́ющий материа́л — air-entraining agentволокни́стый материа́л — fibrous materialволокно́вый материа́л ( в порошковой металлургии) — fibrous materialвоспламеня́ющийся материа́л — inflammable materialвоспроизводя́щий материа́л яд. физ. — breeder materialвсплыва́ющий материа́л — floatable materialвспомога́тельный материа́л1. физ. accessory material2. ( для уплотнения) auxiliary materialвспу́чивающий материа́л — bloating agent, bloaterматериа́л в технологи́ческом проце́ссе — in-process materialвысокоогнеупо́рный материа́л — high refractoryвысу́шиваемый материа́л — dryable materialвя́жущий материа́л — binding material, binderвя́жущий, возду́шный материа́л — airbinderвя́жущий, гидравли́ческий материа́л — hydraulic binding materialвя́жущий, ги́псовый материа́л — alabaster binding materialвя́жущий, магнезиа́льный материа́л — magnesia binding materialвя́жущий, минера́льный материа́л — mineral binding materialвя́жущий, органи́ческий материа́л — organic binding materialвязкоупру́гий материа́л — viscoelastic materialгерметизи́рующий материа́л — sealing material; ( обволакивающий) encapsulant; ( заливающий) potting compoundгидроизоляцио́нный материа́л — hydraulic insulating materialгорю́чий материа́л — combustible materialгу́бчатый материа́л — sponge materialдефици́тный материа́л — scarce materialдиспе́рсно-упрочнё́нный материа́л — dispersion-hardened materialдиэлектри́ческий материа́л — dielectricматериа́л для уплотне́ния швов — joint-sealing materialматериа́л для я́дерного реа́ктора — nuclear [pile] materialдо́норный материа́л — donor materialдоро́жно-строи́тельный материа́л — roadbuilding materialдуби́льный материа́л — tanning materialжаропро́чный материа́л — high-temperature [beat-proof] materialжаросто́йкий материа́л — beat-resisting materialжё́сткий материа́л — inflexible [rigid, stiff] materialжирова́льный материа́л — tanner grease, tanning oilзакла́дочный материа́л горн. — stowage materialзапра́вочный материа́л — fettling material; ( в производстве огнеупоров) make-up materialзащи́тный материа́л яд. физ. — shielding [protective] materialзвукозаглуша́ющий материа́л — sound-damping materialзвукоизоляцио́нный материа́л — sound insulator, sound-insulating materialзвукоизоляцио́нный, нама́зываемый материа́л — troweled-on acoustical materialзвукоизоляцио́нный, напыля́емый материа́л — sprayed-on acoustical materialзвукопоглоща́ющий материа́л — sound-absorbing material, acoustical absorbentзвукопоглоща́ющий, моноли́тный материа́л — monolithic sound-acoustical materialзерни́стый материа́л — granular materialизоляцио́нный материа́л — insulating material, insulator, insulatingизотро́пный материа́л — isotropic materialине́ртный материа́л — inert materialинструмента́льный материа́л — tool materialионообме́нный материа́л — ion-exchange materialисхо́дный материа́л — source materialкерами́ческий материа́л1. ceramic [sintered] material2. ( изделие) стр. (structural) clay productкислотосто́йкий материа́л — acid-proof materialкислотоупо́рный материа́л — acid-proof materialклассифици́рованный материа́л — classified [graded] materialкоксу́ющийся уноси́мый материа́л — charring ablative materialкомпозицио́нный материа́л — composite materialконструкцио́нный материа́л — structural material, material of constructionконструкцио́нный, неру́дный материа́л — nonmetallic construction of materialконта́ктный материа́л — contact materialкоррозионносто́йкий материа́л — corrosion-resistant [rust-resisting] materialкристалли́ческий материа́л — crystalline materialкро́вельный материа́л — roofing materialкро́вельный, руло́нный материа́л — roll (roofing) materialкро́ющий материа́л — covering material, coatingкусково́й материа́л — lump materialлакокра́сочный материа́л — paintwork materialлитьево́й материа́л — (injection-)moulding materialлюминесци́рующий материа́л — fluorescent materialмагни́тно-жё́сткий материа́л — hard magnetic materialмагни́тно-мя́гкий материа́л — soft magnetic materialмагни́тно-твё́рдый материа́л — hard magnetic materialмагни́тный материа́л — magnetic materialмагнитоопти́ческий материа́л — magneto-opticmaterialмагнитострикцио́нный материа́л — magnetostrictive materialмаслосто́йкий материа́л — oil-resistant materialма́тричный материа́л полигр. — flongмашинострои́тельный материа́л — engineering materialметаллокерами́ческий материа́л — cement, sintered powder metalметаллокерами́ческий, магни́тный материа́л — magnetic cermetметаллокерами́ческий, по́ристый материа́л — porous cermetметаллокерами́ческий, фрикцио́нный материа́л — friction cermetмногосло́йный материа́л — multilayer materialмо́лотый материа́л — comminuted [ground] materialморозосто́йкий материа́л — frost-proof materialнаби́вочный материа́л — ( уплотнительный) packing, stuffing; ( подливочный) paddingнабо́рный материа́л — type matterматериа́л нава́лом — bulk materialматериа́л накла́дки — facing [lining] materialнасыпно́й материа́л — bulk materialнеакти́вный материа́л — inert materialневоспламеня́ющийся материа́л — non-flammable materialнегати́вный материа́л кфт. — negative materialнемагни́тный материа́л — non-magnetic materialнеметалли́ческий материа́л — non-metallic materialнеодноро́дный материа́л — heterogeneous materialнепо́ристый материа́л — non-porous materialнесжима́емый материа́л — incompressible materialнизкосо́ртный материа́л — low-grade materialобё́рточный материа́л — wrapping material, wrap (per)обжига́емый материа́л — calcinable materialоби́вочный материа́л — upholstery materialобкла́дочный материа́л полигр. — furnitureоблицо́вочный материа́л — ( внешний) facing material; ( внутренний) lining materialобогащё́нный материа́л — enriched materialобрабо́танный материа́л — finished stock, finished materialобти́рочный материа́л — cleaning [wiping] material, wiping ragsогнезащи́тный материа́л — fire-proof materialогнесто́йкий материа́л — fire-resistant materialогнеупо́рный материа́л — refractoryогнеупо́рный, торкрети́рованный материа́л — sprayed refractoryоднокомпоне́нтный материа́л — single materialодноро́дный материа́л — homogeneous materialоднофа́зовый материа́л — single-phase materialозоносто́йкий материа́л — ozone-resisting materialоптоакусти́ческий материа́л — optoacoustic materialоседа́ющий материа́л — settling materialматериа́л основа́ния печа́тной пла́ты — base materialотде́лочный материа́л — leather finishing agentпарамагни́тный материа́л — paramagnetic materialперви́чный материа́л — raw materialпеча́тный материа́л полигр. — printed matterпласти́чный материа́л — plastic materialподкисля́ющий материа́л — acidifierподкле́ечный материа́л — adhesive backerпо́довый материа́л — bottoms materialподо́швенный материа́л кож. — solingподсо́бный материа́л — incidental materialподшихто́вочный материа́л — feed-adjusting [charge-adjusting] materialпозити́вный материа́л кфт. — positive materialполиме́рный материа́л — polymeric materialполирова́льный материа́л — polish, polishing compoundполупроводнико́вый материа́л — semiconducting [semiconductor] materialпо́ристый материа́л — porous materialпорошкообра́зный материа́л — powder(ed) materialпоса́дочный материа́л — planting stockпосевно́й материа́л — seed grain, seedsприро́дный материа́л — natural materialприса́дочный материа́л — filler materialпробе́льный материа́л — spacing materialпробе́льный и обкла́дочный материа́л — furnitureпробе́льный, междустро́чный материа́л — leadsпробе́льный, поло́сный материа́л — leads and slogsпробе́льный, стро́чной материа́л — quads and spacesпроводнико́вый материа́л — conducting materialпроизво́дственные, вспомога́тельные материа́лы — indirect materialsпроизво́дственные, основны́е материа́лы — direct materialsпрока́тный материа́л — rolled stockпрокла́дочный материа́л — sealing [packing, leak-proofing] materialпротивоприга́рный материа́л литейн. — parting material, parting paintпро́фильный материа́л — section material, sections, shapes; ( полученный методом прессования) extrusionsпрутко́вый материа́л — bar material, bar stockпсевдопласти́чный материа́л — pseudo-plastic materialпьезорезисти́вный материа́л — piezoresistive materialрекла́мный материа́л — advertising matterсверхпроводя́щий материа́л — superconductorсветочувстви́тельный материа́л кфт. — light-sensitive materialсегнетоэлектри́ческий материа́л — ferroelectric materialсеменно́й материа́л — seed grain, seedsматериа́л с избира́тельным поглоще́нием — frequency-selective damping materialсиликатобето́нный материа́л — silicate concrete materialскле́иваемый материа́л — adherendсланцезо́льный материа́л — ash-shale [cinder-shale] materialслежа́вшийся материа́л — packed materialсма́зочный материа́л — lubricantсма́зочный, идеа́льный материа́л — ideal lubricantсма́зочный, промы́шленный материа́л — industrial lubricantсма́зочный материа́л с противозади́рной приса́дкой — anti-galling [anti-scoring] lubricantматериа́л с ма́лым коэффицие́нтом расшире́ния — low-expansion materialсме́шиваемый материа́л ( способный смешиваться с другим) — miscible materialматериа́л с непрямоуго́льной петлё́й (гистере́зиса) — non-square-loop materialсоставно́й материа́л — composite materialспечё́нный материа́л — sintered materialматериа́л с прямоуго́льной петлё́й (гистере́зиса) — square-loop [square BH-loop] materialматериа́л с со́бственной проводи́мостью — intrinsic materialстекловолокни́стый материа́л — glass-fibre materialстрои́тельный материа́л — building materialматериа́л с у́зкой запрещё́нной зо́ной — narrow-gap materialматериа́л с широ́кой запрещё́нной зо́ной — wide-gap materialсыпу́чий материа́л — loose [granular] materialсыро́й материа́л — raw materialта́рный материа́л — container materialтеплозащи́тный уноси́мый материа́л — ablative beat shield materialтеплоизоляцио́нный материа́л — beat-insulating materialтермомагни́тный материа́л — thermomagnetimaterialтермопласти́чный материа́л — thermoplastic materialтонколистово́й материа́л — sheet materialтонкоплё́ночный материа́л — thin-film materialтрасси́рующий материа́л ( в дефектоскопии) — flaw-detecting materialупако́вочный материа́л — packaging materialуплотня́ющий материа́л — sealing [packing, leak-proofing] material, sealantупру́гий материа́л — elastic materialупру́го-пласти́ческий материа́л — elasto-plastic materialустано́вочные материа́лы — wiring accessoriesфа́зовый материа́л — phase materialферромагни́тный материа́л — ferromagnetic materialфильтру́ющий материа́л — filter mediumфлоти́рующийся материа́л — flotable materialфлюсу́ющий материа́л — fluxing agentформо́вочный материа́л — moulding materialфотографи́ческий материа́л — photographic materialфотоупру́гий материа́л — photoelastic materialфотоэмиссио́нный материа́л — photoemissive materialфутеро́вочный материа́л — lining materialхру́пкий материа́л — brittle materialшиноремо́нтный материа́л — tyre repair materialши́хтовый твё́рдый материа́л — cold-charge [solid charge] materialшлакобразу́ющий материа́л — slag-forming materialшлифова́льный материа́л — grinding materialштукату́рный отде́лочный материа́л — fine stuffщёлочесто́йкий материа́л — alkali-resisting materialэкрани́рующий материа́л — shielding materialэлектроизоляцио́нный материа́л — electrical insulating materialэлектроопти́ческий материа́л — electrooptic materialэлектропроводя́щий материа́л — current-conducting materialэлектротехни́ческий материа́л — electrotechnical material -
23 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
24 gas
1) газ || выделять газ || газовый; газообразный2) авто проф. сокр. от gasoline топливо; бензин3) отравляющее вещество, ОВ || поражать ОВ4) наполнять газом; насыщать газом; пищ. газировать•gas in place — запасы газа в коллекторе;gas in-situ — газ в пластовых условиях;to boost gas along to its destination — повышать давление газа для доставки его к месту назначения;to sweeten gas — удалять из газа соединения серы;to take off casing-head gas — отбирать нефтяной газ на устье скважины-
absorbent gas
-
acid gas
-
active gas
-
actuation gas
-
aerogen gas
-
aggressive gas
-
air gas
-
air-free gas
-
alky gas
-
all-weather liquefied petroleum gas
-
ammonia gas
-
ammonia synthesis gas
-
anaerobic fuel gas
-
anode gas
-
artificial gas
-
associated gas
-
associated-dissolved gas
-
ballast gas
-
blast-furnace gas
-
blau gas
-
blue gas
-
bottled gas
-
bradenhead gas
-
burning gases
-
burnt gas
-
butane-enriched water gas
-
butane-propane gas
-
by-product gas
-
calibrating gas
-
cap gas
-
carbureted gas
-
carbureted hydrogen gas
-
carrier gas
-
casinghead gas
-
cathode gas
-
char gas
-
city gas
-
coal gas
-
coke oven gas
-
coke-cooling gas
-
combination gas
-
combustible gas
-
combustion gas
-
compressed gas
-
condensed gas
-
consumer gas
-
contaminant gas
-
conventional gas
-
converted gas
-
converter waste gas
-
coolant gas
-
corrosive gas
-
cryogenic gas
-
degenerate gas
-
desuperheat gas
-
dielectric gas
-
diluent gas
-
diluted gas
-
dissolved gas
-
diving gas
-
domestic gas
-
doping gas
-
dry gas
-
drying gas
-
dump gas
-
dust-laden gas
-
effluent gas
-
electrode gas
-
electronic gas
-
electron gas
-
electronegative gas
-
elementary gas
-
end gas
-
enriched gas
-
entrained gas
-
exhaust gas
-
explosion gas
-
extremely dry gas
-
fat gas
-
filtered flue gas
-
fire gas
-
fission gas
-
fixed gas
-
flare gas
-
flash gas
-
flue gas
-
fluidizing gas
-
fluorocarbon gas
-
foul gas
-
free gas
-
fuel gas
-
fume-laden gas
-
furnace gas
-
gas-lift gas
-
glass-forming gas
-
green gases
-
head-space gas
-
heating gas
-
helium-bearing natural gas
-
high btu gas
-
high gas
-
high-altitude LP gas
-
high-purity gas
-
household fuel gas
-
humid gas
-
hydrocarbon gases
-
ideal gas
-
illuminating gas
-
incoming gas
-
indifferent gas
-
industrial gas
-
inert gas
-
inflammable gas
-
injected gas
-
inleaking gas
-
intergalactic gas
-
interplanetary gas
-
interstellar gas
-
ionized gas
-
kerosine gas
-
kiln gases
-
landfill gas
-
lean gas
-
lift gas
-
lighting gas
-
liquefied natural gas
-
live gas
-
LN gas
-
low-boiling gas
-
low-energy coal-derived gas
-
low-thermal-value fuel gas
-
LP gas
-
makeup gas
-
manufactured gas
-
manure gas
-
marsh gas
-
medium-energy coal-derived gas
-
mine gas
-
mixed gas
-
mustard gas
-
naphtha gas
-
native gas
-
natural gas
-
noble gas
-
nonassociated natural gas
-
noncondensable gas
-
nonhydrocarbon gases
-
nonstripped petroleum gas
-
noxious gas
-
occluded gas
-
off gas
-
oil gas
-
oil samp gas
-
oil-water gas
-
oil-well gas
-
olefiant gas
-
onboard-stored gas
-
paraffin gas
-
peat gas
-
perfect gas
-
petroleum gas
-
pipeline gas
-
pollutant gases
-
poor gas
-
power gas
-
process gas
-
processed gas
-
producer gas
-
propulsive gas
-
protective gas
-
purge gas
-
radiating gas
-
radioactive gas
-
radioactive noble gases
-
rare gas
-
reaction gas
-
reactionless gas
-
reactivation gas
-
reactive gas
-
receiver gases
-
recoverable gas
-
recycled gas
-
recycle gas
-
reference gas
-
refinery gas
-
refrigerant gas
-
regeneration gas
-
relief gases
-
residual gas
-
residue gas
-
rich gas
-
rich petroleum gas
-
roaster gas
-
roast gas
-
rock gas
-
sales gas
-
separator gas
-
sewer gas
-
shocked gas
-
sludge gas
-
solute gas
-
solution gas
-
sour gas
-
span gas
-
spent gas
-
stabilizer gas
-
stack gas
-
steam run gas
-
stillage gas
-
still gas
-
stripped gas
-
suction gas
-
sweet gas
-
synthesis gas
-
synthetic natural gas
-
synthetic gas
-
tail gas
-
tank gas
-
tar gas
-
top gas
-
town gas
-
toxic gas
-
trace gases
-
trapped gas
-
trap gas
-
treated gas
-
trip gas
-
unassociated gas
-
underground storage gas
-
unstripped gas
-
vapor gases
-
washed gas
-
waste gas
-
water gas
-
wet gas
-
working gas
-
zero gas -
25 MEU
1) Военный термин: Marine Expeditionary Unit, message encoder unit, multiplexer encoder unit, (SOC) Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable)2) Техника: medium-enriched uranium, moderately enriched uranium4) Сокращение: Main Electronics Unit, Marine Expeditionary Unit (USA), Memory Expansion Unit, Mission Essential Unit, Modern English Usage, Maritime Expeditionary Unit (USA; SOC; Special Operations Capable)5) Расширение файла: Menu group (DOS Shell) -
26 среднеобогащённый уран
Engineering: medium-enriched uranium, moderately enriched uraniumУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > среднеобогащённый уран
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27 material
материал; вещество || материальный; вещественныйmaterial being cut — материал, обрабатываемый резанием; разрезаемый материал
material being fed — подаваемый материал, продвигаемый материал
material being machined — материал, обрабатываемый на станке, материал, обрабатываемый на металлорежущем станке
- abrasive materialmaterial to be routed — материал, обрабатываемый на быстроходном фасонно-фрезерном станке
- absorbing material
- absorption material
- acidproof material
- acid-resisting material
- activated material
- active material
- add material
- adding material
- adhering molding material
- alloy materials
- alloying material
- alternate material
- antifriction material
- antislip material
- architectural material
- as-received material
- audiovisual material
- auxiliary material
- backing material
- bad material
- balled material
- base material
- basic material
- bead material
- bearing material
- best quality materials
- binder material
- binding material
- bonding material
- brazing material
- brittle material
- building material
- bulk material
- burden material
- carbide material
- carbon electric material
- carbon electrical material
- carbonaceous reducing material
- carburizing material
- casthouse materials
- categorized material
- ceramic material
- certified reference material
- charge material
- charging material
- clad material
- cleansing material
- coating material
- coiled material
- cold-charged material
- cold-worked material
- combustible material
- commercial material
- composite material
- composite metallic material
- composition material
- compound material
- conducting material
- contact conductor material
- container material
- controlled-porosity material
- core material
- corrosion-resisting material
- creep strained material
- critical material
- crucible material
- cushioning material
- cutting material
- cutting-tool material
- cycled material
- damping material
- deep-coat material
- defective material
- defense material
- depleated material
- diamagnetic material
- difficult-to-cut material
- difficult-to-machine material
- dispersion-hardened material
- dispersion-strengthened material
- dissimilar materials
- dissipative material
- document material
- dolomite-based material
- ductile material
- easy-to-cut material
- elastomeric material
- electric contact material
- electrical engineering material
- electrically active polymeric material
- electrically insulating material
- electrode material
- electrotechnical material
- elongated material
- emitting material
- engineering materials
- enriched material
- environmentally resilient material
- epoxy matrix material
- excessive uncut material
- extraneous material
- extreme pressure material
- facing material
- feed material
- ferrimagnetic material
- ferroelectric material
- ferromagnetic material
- ferrous materials
- fettling material
- fiber material
- fiber-reinforced material
- fiber-strengthened material
- fibrous composite material
- fibrous material
- filling material
- fine material
- flexible-heavy material
- fluid-extruded material
- fluorescent material
- fluxing material
- foreign material
- free-cutting material
- free-machining material
- friction material
- fuel material
- fully dense material
- fully fired material
- fully flattened material
- grain material
- granular material
- grinding material
- half-finished material
- hard material
- hard-magnetic material
- hard-to-cut material
- hard-to-machine material
- hard-to-punch material
- heat-absorbing material
- heat-conductive material
- heat-insulating material
- heat-resistant material
- heat-sensitive material
- heat-transfer material
- heavily alloyed material
- heavy material
- heavy-duty material
- heavy-gravity material
- high-coercivity material
- high-conductivity material
- high-force material
- high-friction material
- high-melting-point material
- high-resistivity material
- high-strength material
- high-technology materials
- high-temperature-resistant material
- high-tempering temperature material
- high-tensile strength material
- honest material
- host material
- hot-finished material
- hyperconductor material
- ideally plastic material
- imperfect material
- incombustible material
- incoming materials
- incompressible material
- inert material
- inflammable material
- ingoing material
- in-process material
- instructional material
- insulating material
- insulation material
- intermediate material
- iron-bearing material
- isotropic material
- jointing material
- lagging material
- laser material
- light material
- light-duty material
- light-stiff material
- limy material
- lining material
- loading material
- loose material
- low-ash reducing material
- low-coercivity material
- low-density material
- low-expansion material
- low-grade material
- low-strength material
- low-temperature material
- low-tensile strength material
- luminescent material
- lump material
- magnetic material
- magnetostrictive material
- material of construction
- material of high-absorbing power
- material of high-electric conductivity
- material of low-absorbing power
- material of low-machinability rating
- matrix material
- medium-strength material
- mix material
- moderator material
- mold material
- molding material
- multilayer bearing material
- multilayer conductor material
- multilayer material
- multimedia materials
- natural material
- no-coolant material
- noise-attenuating material
- nonabsorbent material
- noncombustible material
- nonconducting material
- noncrystalline material
- nonferromagnetic material
- nonferrous materials
- nonmagnetic material
- nonproduction material
- off-gage material
- oil-attracting material
- original material
- oversized material
- oxidizing material
- packing material
- paint material
- paramagnetic material
- parent material
- particulate material
- perfect material
- phase change material
- photoelectric material
- piezoelectric material
- plastic material
- plus material
- PM material
- polycrystalline material
- polymeric material
- poor heat conducting material
- poor machinability material
- pore-forming material
- positive active material
- powder material
- powder metallurgical material
- powdered material
- powdered refractory material
- preformed material
- prehardened material
- prepared burden materials
- prestrained material
- problem material
- radioactive material
- random material
- raw material
- recycled material
- reducing material
- reference material
- refractory backing material
- refractory conductor material
- refractory material
- refused material
- reinforced material
- rejected material
- remove material
- resistive material
- return material
- rework material
- roll-compacted powder material
- rolled sheet material
- rolling material
- rust-inhibiting material
- saleable material
- sandwiched material
- sandwich-type material
- scattering material
- scrap material
- sealant material
- sealing material
- secondary raw materials
- section material
- semiconducting material
- semiconductive material
- semifinished material
- semimanufactured material
- sheet material
- sheet-like material
- shell-mold material
- shield material
- shielding material
- shipbuilding material
- short-chipping material
- siliceous material
- siliceous refractory material
- sintered bearing material
- sintered material
- sintered metal-powder material
- slag-forming material
- slagging material
- soft material
- soft-magnetic material
- solid material
- sorted secondary raw materials
- sound-absorbing material
- sound-deadening material
- spent material
- spongy material
- sprayed material
- square-loop material
- standard cubic material
- standard material
- starting material
- stock material
- stopping material
- strain-hardened material
- strain-rate-resistive material
- strong material
- structural material
- stuffing material
- substrate material
- superconducting material
- superconductor material
- support material
- surface-active material
- suspended material
- tar-dolomite material
- target material
- tar-stabilized dolomite material
- test material
- test piece material
- textured material
- thermal insulating material
- thermally insulating material
- thermal-resistant material
- thermoplastic material
- thermosetting material
- titanium-base material
- tooling material
- tough material
- tough-to-machine material
- tracer material
- undersize material
- unprotected material
- unsized burden material
- vibration-deadening material
- virgin material
- viscoelastic material
- vitrified material
- waste material
- wearable material
- web material
- weighing material
- weld material
- welding wire material
- work material
- work-hardening material
- worthless material
- xerographic materialsEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > material
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28 oxygen
n хим. кислородСинонимический ряд:atmosphere (noun) air; atmosphere; ether; medium; ozone; sky; stratosphere -
29 керамический материал
1. ceramic materialпечатный материал, подсчитываемый по площади — area material
2. стр. clay productлистовой материал — sheet material; plate material
облицовочный материал — facing material; lining material
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > керамический материал
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
medium — [mē′dē əm] n. pl. mediums or media [mē′dēə] [L, the middle, neut. of medius: see MID1] 1. a) something intermediate b) a middle state or degree; mean 2. an intervening thing through which a force acts or an e … English World dictionary
enriched culture medium — a basic medium to which specific nutrients, e.g., serum, blood, and vitamins, have been added to promote the growth of particular organisms … Medical dictionary
Growth medium — An agar plate an example of a bacterial growth medium. Specifically, it is a streak plate; the orange lines and dots are formed by bacterial colonies. A growth medium or culture medium is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of… … Wikipedia
English medium education — An English medium education system is one that uses English as the primary medium of instruction. A medium of instruction is the language that is used in teaching. The language used may or may not be the official language of the territory. Most… … Wikipedia
Ashdown's medium — is a selective culture medium for the isolation and characterisation of Burkholderia pseudomallei (the bacterium that causes melioidosis).Ashdown s medium was first described by LR Ashdown in 1979. [cite journal author=Ashdown LR title=An… … Wikipedia
Intracluster medium — In astronomy, the intracluster medium (or ICM) is the superheated gas present at the center of a galaxy cluster. This plasma is heated to temperatures of between roughly 10 and 100 million Kelvin and consists mainly of ionised hydrogen and helium … Wikipedia
conditioned medium — Cell culture medium that has already been partially used by cells. Although depleted of some components, it is enriched with cell derived material, probably including small amounts of growth factors; such cell conditioned medium will support the… … Dictionary of molecular biology
growth medium — ▪ biology also called Culture Medium, or Nutrient Broth, solution freed of all microorganisms by sterilization (usually in an autoclave, where it undergoes heating under pressure for a specific time) and containing the substances… … Universalium
infusion medium — a medium containing infusion of fresh meat (commonly veal or beef), peptone, and sodium chloride, used as a liquid medium (broth) or solidified with agar, used for the culture of fastidious bacteria and as a base for enriched media … Medical dictionary
Fletcher medium — a liquid culture medium containing peptone, and beef extract enriched with 20 per cent fresh pooled rabbit serum, for the isolation, cultivation, and maintenance of Leptospira … Medical dictionary
Pathogenic bacteria — Clostridium tetani Bacterial infection Classification and external resources MeSH … Wikipedia