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1 насос
pump
-, аварийный — emergency pump
-, аварийный ручной — emergency hand pump
-, вакуумный — vacuum pump
насос для создания разрежения в линии или системе, — а pump which maintains а vacuum in а line or system.
-, включенный — operating pump
- впрыска топлива — fuel injection pump
- высокого давления (топлива) — high pressure fuel (main) pump, hp pump
для повышения давления топлива, поступающего к форсункам.
-, гидравлический — hydraulic pump
-, главный топливный — main fuel pump
- (-) датчик (плунжерный топливный насос высокого давления переменной производительности) (нд) — variable-delivery high pressure (hp) fuel pump
-, двухступенчатый (с двумя ступенями повышения давления) — two-stage pump
-, двухступенчатый (с двумя камерами подачи к или откачки масла от двух разных элементов двигателя) — two-section /-element/ pump
-, диафрагменный — diaphragm-type pump
- для впрыска топлива — fuel injection pump
-, дозирующий (масляный) — (oil) metering pump
-, дополнительный (топливный, всу) — auxiliary pump
-, заливочный (пд) — fuel priming /primer/ pump
-, коловратный — rotary pump
-, лопаточный — vane pump
a pump which utilizes eccentrically mounted rotating vanes to entrap and force fluid.
-, масляный — oil pump
-, масляный нагнетающий — oil pressure pump
-, масляный (подпитки) — oil replenishment pump
-, многокамерный — multi-section pump
-, многоступенчатый (с несколькими ступенями повышения давления) — multi-stage pump
-, многоступенчатый (многокамерный, обслуживающий несколько автономных линий) — multi-section pump
-, нагнетательный — pressure pump
-, нагнетающий (масляный) — (oil) pressure pump
- (смонтированный) на двигателе — engine pump
- непосредственного впрыска (нв) — direct-injection pump
дозирующий насос для впрыска топлива в цилиндры поршневого двигателя, — а fuel-metering pump which injects the fuel direct to the individual engine cylinders.
- низкого давления (топливный) — low pressure (lp) pump
насос на двигателе в топливной магистрали за подкачивающим насосом топливного бака. — an engine-driven pump асting as а back-up pump for а tank booster pump.
-, объемный (объемного типа, напр., плунжерный) — displacement pump
-, объемный (нагнетающий) — positive displacement pump
-, одноступенчатый — single-stage pump
-, одноступенчатый (однокамерный) — single-section (-element) pump
- (передней) опоры (масляный), нагнетающий — (front) bearing (oil) pressure pump
- (передней) опоры (масляный), откачивающий — (front) bearing (oil) scavenge pump
-, основной масляный (омн) — main oil pump
-, основной топливный — main fuel pump
-, откачивающий (в маслосистеме двигателя) (mho) — oil scavenge pump
откачивает масло из опор двигателя в маслобак, — prevents oil accumulation in engine bearings and returns it to oil tank.
-, откачивающий (в линию слива) — return (oil) pump
-, откачивающий (для удаления воздуха из чехла упакованного изделия) — vacuum /suction/ pump
-, отсасывающий — suction pump
- охлаждающий жидкости — coolant pump
-, перекачивающий — transfer pump
-, перекачивающий топливный (i -ой, 2-ой очереди) — (first, second) fuel consumed tank transfer pump
- перекачки — transfer pump
- перекачки топлива — fuel transfer pump, fuel tank
для перекачки топлива из одной группы баков в другую — feed pump
- перекаки топлива в основной (расходный) бак — main tank fuel feed pump
- переменной производительности — variable-delivery pump
-, плунжерный — plunger (type) pump
-, подкачивающий (в топливном баке) — boost(er) pump
-, подкачивающий самолетный (в топливном расходном баке) — boost(er) pump а pump in а fuel system, used to provide additional or auxiliary pressure when needed.
- (подкачивающий) непокрытый топливом — uncovered (boost) pump sustained nose high attitudes could cause boost pumps to be uncovered.
-, подкачивающий топливный (на двигателе для создания давления топлива на входе в насос регулятор) — fuel back-up /boost/ pump
-, подкачивающий топливный (низкого давления) — low pressure fuel pump acts as back-up pump for wing tank boost pump.
- подкачки (в топливном баке) — boost(er) pump
- подпитки (подкачивающий масло) — (oil) replenishment pump
для подпитки маслосистемы двигателя путем подачи маcла на вход нагнетающего наcoca. — delivers oil at а suitable pressure from the oil tank for replenishing the engine lubricating system.
-, поршневой — piston pump
- постоянной производительности — constant /fixed/-delivery pump
- приемистости — accelerating pump
насос в карбюраторе поршневого двигателя для кратковременного обогащения топливной смеси при даче газа — a pump on the carburetor which enriches the mixture momentarily while the engine is accelerating.
-, пусковой топливный — fuel starting pump
(-) регулятор (включает качающий и топливодозирующий узлы) — fuel (flow) control unit (fcu), fuel flow regulator (f.f.r.) the fcu receives various signals from the engine, compares to the throttle position and controls the hp pump fuel flow output.
-, ручной топливный — hand fuel pump
- смыва (унитаза) — (closet pan) flushing pump
-, струйный (эжекторный) — jet pump
-, топливоподкачивающий (на двигателе) — (engine-driven) fuel back-up /boost/ pump
- (-) ускоритель (приемистости — accelerating pump
- утопленного типа, подкачивающий — immersion boost(er) pump
- флюгирования винта — propeller feathering pump
- форсажной камеры, топливный — afterburner fuel pump
-, форсажный — afterburner /thrust augmentor/ fuel pump
-, центробежный — centrifugal pump
-, шестеренчатый — gear pump
объемный насос, в котором перемещение жидкости совершается впадинами помещенных в корпусе шестерен. — a pump, which utilizes the rotary action of a set of gears to force fluid thru a system or to build up fluid pressure.
-, эжекторный (маслорадиатоpa) — (oil cooler) jet pump for ground operation, cooling air is circulated through the oil cooler exit by a jet pump.
-, эжекторный (струйный) — jet pump
creates aspirator action, drawing in ventilating and cooling air.
вход h. — pump inlet
выход h. — pump outlet
на входе н. — at pump inlet, in inlet to pump
на выходе из н. — at pump outlet, in outlet from pump
перегрузка h. — pump overload
производительность h. — pump delivery (rate)
включать h. — start the pump
выключать h. — stop the pump
проверять герметичность н. — test the pump for leakageРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > насос
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2 втулки подшипника для двигателей
General subject: engine bearingsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > втулки подшипника для двигателей
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3 вероятность ... по-прежнему мала
Вероятность... по-прежнему мала-- It appears that the probability of using hollow rolling elements in turbine engine bearings remains small.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > вероятность ... по-прежнему мала
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4 Priestman, William Dent
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 23 August 1847 Sutton, Hull, Englandd. 7 September 1936 Hull, England[br]English oil engine pioneer.[br]William was the second son and one of eleven children of Samuel Priestman, who had moved to Hull after retiring as a corn miller in Kirkstall, Leeds, and who in retirement had become a director of the North Eastern Railway Company. The family were strict Quakers, so William was sent to the Quaker School in Bootham, York. He left school at the age of 17 to start an engineering apprenticeship at the Humber Iron Works, but this company failed so the apprenticeship was continued with the North Eastern Railway, Gateshead. In 1869 he joined the hydraulics department of Sir William Armstrong \& Company, Newcastle upon Tyne, but after a year there his father financed him in business at a small, run down works, the Holderness Foundry, Hull. He was soon joined by his brother, Samuel, their main business being the manufacture of dredging equipment (grabs), cranes and winches. In the late 1870s William became interested in internal combustion engines. He took a sublicence to manufacture petrol engines to the patents of Eugène Etève of Paris from the British licensees, Moll and Dando. These engines operated in a similar manner to the non-compression gas engines of Lenoir. Failure to make the two-stroke version of this engine work satisfactorily forced him to pay royalties to Crossley Bros, the British licensees of the Otto four-stroke patents.Fear of the dangers of petrol as a fuel, reflected by the associated very high insurance premiums, led William to experiment with the use of lamp oil as an engine fuel. His first of many patents was for a vaporizer. This was in 1885, well before Ackroyd Stuart. What distinguished the Priestman engine was the provision of an air pump which pressurized the fuel tank, outlets at the top and bottom of which led to a fuel atomizer injecting continuously into a vaporizing chamber heated by the exhaust gases. A spring-loaded inlet valve connected the chamber to the atmosphere, with the inlet valve proper between the chamber and the working cylinder being camoperated. A plug valve in the fuel line and a butterfly valve at the inlet to the chamber were operated, via a linkage, by the speed governor; this is believed to be the first use of this method of control. It was found that vaporization was only partly achieved, the higher fractions of the fuel condensing on the cylinder walls. A virtue was made of this as it provided vital lubrication. A starting system had to be provided, this comprising a lamp for preheating the vaporizing chamber and a hand pump for pressurizing the fuel tank.Engines of 2–10 hp (1.5–7.5 kW) were exhibited to the press in 1886; of these, a vertical engine was installed in a tram car and one of the horizontals in a motor dray. In 1888, engines were shown publicly at the Royal Agricultural Show, while in 1890 two-cylinder vertical marine engines were introduced in sizes from 2 to 10 hp (1.5–7.5 kW), and later double-acting ones up to some 60 hp (45 kW). First, clutch and gearbox reversing was used, but reversing propellers were fitted later (Priestman patent of 1892). In the same year a factory was established in Philadelphia, USA, where engines in the range 5–20 hp (3.7–15 kW) were made. Construction was radically different from that of the previous ones, the bosses of the twin flywheels acting as crank discs with the main bearings on the outside.On independent test in 1892, a Priestman engine achieved a full-load brake thermal efficiency of some 14 per cent, a very creditable figure for a compression ratio limited to under 3:1 by detonation problems. However, efficiency at low loads fell off seriously owing to the throttle governing, and the engines were heavy, complex and expensive compared with the competition.Decline in sales of dredging equipment and bad debts forced the firm into insolvency in 1895 and receivers took over. A new company was formed, the brothers being excluded. However, they were able to attend board meetings, but to exert no influence. Engine activities ceased in about 1904 after over 1,000 engines had been made. It is probable that the Quaker ethics of the brothers were out of place in a business that was becoming increasingly cut-throat. William spent the rest of his long life serving others.[br]Further ReadingC.Lyle Cummins, 1976, Internal Fire, Carnot Press.C.Lyle Cummins and J.D.Priestman, 1985, "William Dent Priestman, oil engine pioneer and inventor: his engine patents 1885–1901", Proceedings of the Institution ofMechanical Engineers 199:133.Anthony Harcombe, 1977, "Priestman's oil engine", Stationary Engine Magazine 42 (August).JBBiographical history of technology > Priestman, William Dent
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5 correa de distribución
(n.) = driving belt, timing belt, cambelt [cam belt]Ex. Quality management could be viewed as the ' driving belt' of marketing within an organisation.Ex. Chapter 12 covers the following: waxing a car; repairing tubeless tires, and repacking front wheel bearings, checking the timing belt, the ignition key, and the inlet manifold.Ex. Cambelts have a limited life, if they break while the engine is running major damage can occur.* * *(n.) = driving belt, timing belt, cambelt [cam belt]Ex: Quality management could be viewed as the ' driving belt' of marketing within an organisation.
Ex: Chapter 12 covers the following: waxing a car; repairing tubeless tires, and repacking front wheel bearings, checking the timing belt, the ignition key, and the inlet manifold.Ex: Cambelts have a limited life, if they break while the engine is running major damage can occur. -
6 опора
(shaft) support
- (вала) вал вращается в (установлен на) трех подшипниках (опорах). — bearing the shaft rides in three bearings.
- (вала - подшипник вместе с корпусом и поддерживающей конструкцией) — bearing support
- (место установки агрегата) — (accessory) mounting face
- (подвеска двигателя) — engine mount /suspension fitting/
- (подшипник) — bearing
- (специальный прилив для установки агрегата) — (accessory) mounting pad
- (шасси) — landing gear (unit) /leg/
-, амортизирующая хвостовая — shock-absorbing skid block
- вентилятора двигателя, (задняя, передняя) — lp compressor (rear, front) bearing
-, гидравлическая (домкрат под грузовую рампу) — hydraulic jack
-, гнездовая — female support
- двигателя (опора вала двигателя) — bearing support
- двигателя, задняя — rear bearing (support)
опора ротора второй (нд) турбины. — (lp turbine) tail bearing (support).
- двигателя, задняя (подвеска) — engine rear mount /suspension fitting/
-, задняя (турбины ротора вд) — (hp turbine) rear bearing (support)
-, задняя (турбины ротора нд) — (lp turbine) tail bearing (support)
-, каменная (подвеса гироскопа) — jewel bearing
- компрессора, вторая — compressor rear /no. 2/ bearing (support)
- компрессора, задняя (передняя) — compressor rear (front) bearing (support)
- компрессора высокого (низкого) давления, задняя (передняя) — hp (lp) compressor rear (front) bearing (support)
- компрессора, первая — compressor front /no. 1/ bearing (support)
- коромысла (клапанов) — rocker-arm bearing
- ложемента (транспортировочной тележки) — (dolly) support pad
- лопатки (рна) — vane pivot bearing
-, межвальная — intershaft bearing
-, неубирающаяся жесткая хвостовая (рис. 34) — not-retracting rigid skid block
- ног, откидная (катапультного кресла) — movable footrest
-, носовая (шасси) — nose landing gear (nlg)
-, основная (левая, правая шасси) — (left, right) main landing gear (l, r mlg)
-, передняя (вала двигателя) — front bearing (support)
-, передняя (подвеска двигателя) — (engine) forward mount /suspension fitting/
-, передняя (шасси) — nose landing gear (nlg)
- под домкрат (надпись у места установки штока подъемника) (рис. 145) — jacking point
- (гидро) подъемника — jacking pad
опора подъемника устанавливается на вершине штока и входит в гнездо в конструкции ла (рис. 145). — the jacking pad to be inserted in the jacking point socket is mounted on the top of the jack ram.
-, поясничная (спинки сиденья) — lumbar support moving lumbar support knobs up or down positions lumbar support inside seat back.
- привода (агрегата) — (accessory) drive support
-, роликовая (тяги управления) (рис. 21) — (control rod) roller fairlead
- ротора, задняя (передняя) (гтд) — rotor rear (front) bearing (support
- свеса (лопасти несущего винта) — (main rotor blade) droop stop
-, средняя — thrust bearing (support)
основной силовой узел гтд, служащий опорой роторов квд н кнд. — ball thrust bearing takes the combined forward thrust of hp and lp rotors.
-, средняя (узел разделительного корпуса с опорой и центральным приводом) — compressor intermediate casing (incorporating thrust bearing and internal wheelcase)
- с угловым (v-образным вырезом) — vee-block
для установки круглой детали (заготовки) на разметочной плите. — то support cylindrical or true-square bar on the marking-off table.
- турбины ротора высокого давления — hp turbine bearing (support)
- турбины ротора низкого давления, задняя — lp turbine tail bearing (support)
-, хвостовая — skid block
для предохранения хвостовой части фюзеляжа при посадке с касанием земли (впп) хвостовой опорой (рис. 34). — the skid block protects the fuselage tail structure in event of а tail down landing.
-, хвостовая (рис. 34) — tail bumper
-, хвостовая убирающаяся (стойка с нетормозными колесами) (рис. 36) — retractable supplementary tail gear
-, хвостовая (стояночная) (рис. 147) — tail support
- цистерны топливозаправщика — refueller tank supporting bolster
-, шаровая — ball support
- шасси, главная (основная) (рис. 29) — main landing gear (mlg)
- шасси левая (правая) — left (right) landing gear (unit)
- шасси, передняя (рис. 27) — nose landing gear (nlg)
- шасси, подкрыльевая (крыльевая) — main wing landing gear
- шасси, средняя (главная) — main body landing gear
- шасси, фюзеляжная — main body landing gear
давление в о. (подшипника) — bearing pressure
площадь о. — bearing area
реакция о. — support reactionРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > опора
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7 colector
adj.collecting, collector.m.1 collector.2 manifold.3 collector.4 collecting wire.* * *► adjetivo1 collecting1 (caño) water pipe2 (cloaca) main sewer\colector de admisión inlet manifoldcolector de escape exhaust manifold————————1 (caño) water pipe2 (cloaca) main sewer* * *SM1) (Elec) collector; (Mec) sump, trap2) † (=recaudador) collector* * *1) ( cañería) sewer2) (Elec) collector3) (Auto, Tec) manifold* * *= exhaust manifold, inlet manifold.Ex. Chapter 11 covers exhaust systems (air cleaners, turbochargers, exhaust manifolds, mufflers, and crankcase ventilationes).Ex. Chapter 12 covers the following: waxing a car; repairing tubeless tires, and repacking front wheel bearings, checking the timing belt, the ignition key, and the inlet manifold.----* boca de colector = manhole.* colector compulsivo = magpie, hoarder, packrat.* colector de admisión = air intake manifold, intake manifold.* colector de gases = exhaust manifold, inlet manifold.* colector de humos = exhaust manifold, inlet manifold.* colector solar = solar collector.* colector térmico = thermal collector.* * *1) ( cañería) sewer2) (Elec) collector3) (Auto, Tec) manifold* * *= exhaust manifold, inlet manifold.Ex: Chapter 11 covers exhaust systems (air cleaners, turbochargers, exhaust manifolds, mufflers, and crankcase ventilationes).
Ex: Chapter 12 covers the following: waxing a car; repairing tubeless tires, and repacking front wheel bearings, checking the timing belt, the ignition key, and the inlet manifold.* boca de colector = manhole.* colector compulsivo = magpie, hoarder, packrat.* colector de admisión = air intake manifold, intake manifold.* colector de gases = exhaust manifold, inlet manifold.* colector de humos = exhaust manifold, inlet manifold.* colector solar = solar collector.* colector térmico = thermal collector.* * *A (cañería) sewerCompuesto:drainpipeB ( Elec) collectorCompuestos:inlet manifoldexhaust manifold* * *
colector,-ora
I adjetivo collecting
II sustantivo masculino sewer
' colector' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
colectora
English:
manifold
* * *colector, -ora♦ adjcollecting♦ nm,f[persona] collector♦ nm1. [sumidero] sewercolector de basuras garbage chute colector solar solar collector* * *m1 TÉC manifold2 EL collector* * *: collectorcolector de impuestos: tax collectorcolector nm1) : sewer2) : manifold (of an engine) -
8 fondere
"to cast, to melt;Giessen;fundir"* * *1. v/t ( liquefare) meltmetallurgy smeltcolori blend2. v/i melt* * *fondere v.tr.1 ( liquefare) to melt, to fuse; ( per separare un metallo da scorie) to smelt: il sole fuse la neve, the sun melted the snow; fondere oggetti d'oro, to melt gold articles (down) // (aut.): fondere i cuscinetti, le bronzine, to burn out the bearings; ho fuso ( il motore), while I was driving the engine seized up // quattro ore di studio mi hanno completamente fuso ( il cervello), (fig. fam.) after four hours' study, my brain has seized up2 ( fondere in forma) to cast*, to mould3 ( unire) to blend, to merge (anche fig.): pensarono di fondere la loro organizzazione con la nostra, they thought of merging their organization with ours; fondere due colori, to blend two colours; fondere due società, due banche, to merge (o amalgamate o consolidate) two companies, two banks◆ v. intr. to melt: il ghiaccio fonde a 0 ˚C, ice melts at 0 ˚C.◆ v.rifl. o rifl.rec. ( unirsi) to blend, to merge: i due partiti si sono fusi, the two parties merged.* * *1. ['fondere]vb irreg vt1) (gen) to melt, (metallo) to fuse, melt, (fig : colori) to blend, merge, (enti, classi) Inform to merge2) (statua, campana) to cast2. vimi fonde il cervello fig — I can't think straight any more, my brain has seized up
3. vr (fondersi)(uso reciproco: unirsi: correnti, enti) to merge, unite4. vip (fondersi)(sciogliersi) to melt* * *['fondere] 1.verbo transitivo1) (liquefare) to cast*, to found, to fuse [ metallo]3) (unificare) to join, to merge, to amalgamate [partiti, scuole, stili]; to blend [qualità, idee]4) aut. to burn* out [ motore]2. 3.verbo pronominale fondersi1) (liquefarsi) [neve, burro] to melt; [ metallo] to fuse2) (unirsi) [compagnia, partito, scuola] to amalgamate; [colori, gusti, stili] to blend, to merge (together); [immagini, idee] to fuse (together); [istituzioni, società] to combine, to merge (together)* * *fondere/'fondere/ [51]1 (liquefare) to cast*, to found, to fuse [ metallo]3 (unificare) to join, to merge, to amalgamate [partiti, scuole, stili]; to blend [qualità, idee]4 aut. to burn* out [ motore]III fondersi verbo pronominale1 (liquefarsi) [neve, burro] to melt; [ metallo] to fuse2 (unirsi) [compagnia, partito, scuola] to amalgamate; [colori, gusti, stili] to blend, to merge (together); [immagini, idee] to fuse (together); [istituzioni, società] to combine, to merge (together). -
9 обычно
Обычно - usually, commonly, generally, normally, typically, conventionally, traditionally, mostly; customarily, conventionally (принято); used (+ inf.) (о прошлом); would, tends (+ inf), will (о прошлом и настоящем); it is common to, it is standard to; habitually (преимущественно)All attempts to overcome the damage at the end of bearings by gently blending the groove ending have been generally unsuccessful.These smooth specimens typically have surface finishes of 0.15 to 0.20 micrometer.Conventionally, this is interpreted as a life fraction summation at failure of 0.7.Since bed depth is customarily held constant during individual experiments, heat transfer areas, bed mass, etc., are computed assuming constant bed depth for each experimental condition.The resistors are self-compensating for the increased current leakages that traditionally occur at elevated temperatures.The following table compares the reliability of the newer C69 trains operating from H. Depot with the older CO/P trains which used to operate the same services.Recent experience has shown that the current designs of industrial boilers tend to be more sensitive to feedwater quality.Water dissolved in a hydrocarbon lubricant will react with the bearing surfaces under rolling contact to decrease fatigue life.For an engine intended to operate habitually on low-grade fuels, the modern very lean primary zone would obviously be even more necessary to control smoke emissions.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > обычно
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10 отказываться
Отказываться от - to reject, to drop, to discontinue, to give up, to discard, to abandonRolling element bearings were rejected for this application.Chromium sesquioxide and nickel aluminide bonded aluminum oxide were dropped at this point. (На этом этапе отказались от...)Materials showing poor deposit efficiency were discontinued since they were not considered suitable for the end application. (От материалов... отказались, так как...)An early intention to operate at low engine speeds on one primary stage only was consequently abandoned. (От первоначального намерения... впоследствии отказались)Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > отказываться
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11 Albone, Daniel
[br]b. c.1860 Biggleswade, Bedfordshire, Englandd. 1906 England[br]English engineer who developed and manufactured the first commercially successful lightweight tractor.[br]The son of a market gardener, Albone's interest lay in mechanics, and by 1880 he had established his own business as a cycle maker and repairer. His inventive mind led to a number of patents relating to bicycle design, but his commercial success was particularly assisted by his achievements in cycle racing. From this early start he diversified his business, designing and supplying, amongst other things, axle bearings for the Great Northern Railway, and also building motor cycles and several cars. It is possible that he began working on tractors as early as 1896. Certainly by 1902 he had built his first prototype, to the three-wheeled design that was to remain in later production models. Weighing only 30 cwt, yet capable of pulling two binders or a two-furrow plough, Albone's Ivel tractor was ahead of anything in its time, and its power-to-weight ratio was to be unrivalled for almost a decade. Albone's commercial success was not entirely due to the mechanical tractor's superiority, but owed a considerable amount to his ability as a showman and demonstrator. He held two working demonstrations a month in the village of Biggleswade in Bedfordshire, where the tractors were made. The tractor was named after the river Ivel, which flowed through the village. The Ivel tractor gained twenty-six gold and silver medals at agricultural shows between 1902 and 1906, and was a significant contributor to Britain's position as the world's largest exporter of tractors between 1904 and 1914. Albone tried other forms of his tractor to increase its sales. He built a fire engine, and also an armoured vehicle, but failed to impress the War Office with its potential.Albone died at the age of 46. His tractor continued in production but remained essentially unimproved, and the company finally lost its sales to other designs, particularly those of American origin.[br]Further ReadingDetailed contemporary accounts of tractor development occur in the British periodical Implement and Machinery Review. Accounts of the Ivel appear in "The Trials of Agricultural Motors", Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England (1910), pp. 179–99. A series of general histories by Michael Williams have been published by Blandfords, of which Classic Farm Tractors (1984) includes an entry on the Ivel.AP
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